JP2645706B2 - Self-excited energy converter - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for converting between electric energy and mechanical energy, and more particularly, to an energy converter that freely converts both energy using a vibration phenomenon. About.

[Conventional technology]

In the prior art, there is an MFB used for improving the low frequency range characteristics of a speaker, as a device having a very small conversion energy. This is intended to electrically control the vibration system of the speaker and increase or decrease the Q value (proportional to the reciprocal of the attenuation rate) at the time of resonance, and is similar to the technology of the present invention. However, the detection signal is directly fed back to the amplifier, or the signal is advanced or delayed by 1/4 of the oscillation period and fed back via a differentiating circuit or an integrating circuit, and the delay time is one frequency. Only one is determined.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the above-mentioned conventional technology, when the frequency is determined, the delay time of the signal fed back to the amplifier is determined as one, and when used as an energy converter, only conversion under one condition can be performed, and when the frequency is different, the delay time also increases. Differently
There is a problem that the delay time cannot be freely determined regardless of the frequency, and furthermore, it is difficult to effectively and freely convert vibrations in a wide frequency range, for example, it is difficult to obtain a minute delay time. As described in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-85995, digital delay means can be used. However, even if the delay means is simply digital, the delay time cannot be set arbitrarily according to the frequency.

An object of the present invention is to provide a self-excited energy converter that can set a delay time arbitrarily.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a vibration detecting unit that outputs an electric signal having a frequency corresponding to the vibration and combustion of a combustion chamber in response to vibration of a combustion chamber, A bandpass filter for extracting a signal of only the main component, a digital delay circuit for delaying the output signal of the bandpass filter by a set time out of an adjustable time, a power amplifier for power amplifying an output signal of the digital delay circuit, and a power amplifier. A vibrating body for vibrating the combustion chamber according to the output signal;
The digital delay circuit includes a sampling signal generator for generating a sampling signal, an analog / digital converter for converting an output signal of the bandpass filter into a digital signal according to the sampling signal, and an output signal of the analog / digital converter. And a digital / analog converter that converts data held in the memory for a set time into an analog signal and outputs the analog signal to the power converter. A self-excited energy converter comprising a converter.

[Action]

According to the above-described means, the minimum unit of the delay time can be set by the period of the sampling signal, and
As the memory, a memory capable of writing data to an arbitrary address and reading data from an arbitrary address based on an output signal of the analog / digital converter is used. Data can be held in the memory only for the time. Therefore, the signal input to the digital delay circuit can be delayed by an arbitrary time regardless of the vibration state of the combustion chamber. Therefore,
An arbitrary delay time can be set according to the vibration combustion of the combustion chamber, and the vibration combustion of the flame can be suppressed regardless of the frequency of the vibration combustion.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.

An acceleration sensor 2 is fixed to one portion of the vibrating body 1.
An electromagnet 9 serving as a vibrator is installed in the vicinity thereof. A preamplifier 3 is connected to the acceleration sensor 2, and a band filter 4 and a digital delay circuit 6, and a band filter 5 and a digital delay circuit 7, which are connected in series, are connected in parallel. (Excited) 9
Are connected in series to form one feedback circuit.

Next, the function of this feedback circuit will be described. The output signal of the acceleration sensor 2 is converted and amplified by the preamplifier 3 into speed, and is assumed to have a generally distorted vibration waveform as shown in FIG. Assuming that the frequency of the vibration main component is ₁ or ₂ ,
The frequency ranges ( _1h , _1l ) and ( _2h , _2l ) of the band filters 4, 5 corresponding to each vibration component are set to be as narrow as possible and satisfy the following conditions. _{1h <1 <1l, 2h <} 2 < output signal _2l band filter 4 and 5 respectively appropriate delay time tau ₁ by the delay circuit 6, delayed by tau _2. This is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The former _one and the latter indicates the _second frequency of the vibration waveform (voltage), T _1, T ₂ represent, respectively, of the period _{1/1, 1/2.}

The output signals of the delay circuits 6, 7 are combined and input to the power amplifier 8, where the signals are converted from voltage to current and amplified. The vibration waveform is as shown in FIG. 5, and the magnitude of the vibration main component maintains a proportional relationship between the input and output of the power amplifier 8. In the next electromagnet 9, the output current from the power amplifier 8 is converted into an electromagnetic force. However, since the electromagnet 9 is DC-excited with a current larger than this current, the magnitude of each vibration main component is also changed. A proportional relationship is maintained between the input and output of the electromagnet 9.

As a result, the speed of the vibrating body 1 (the vibration waveform shown in FIG. 2)
Also, a proportional relation is established for each vibration component between the electromagnetic force (vibration waveform shown in FIG. 5) and the electromagnetic force acting on the vibrating body 1 by the electromagnet 9.
When the velocity is represented by v ₁ cos2π ₁ t (1) v ₂ cos 2π ₂ t (2) for each vibration component, the electromagnetic force is represented by k ₁ v ₁ cos 2π ₁ (t−τ ₁ −τ ₁ ′) for each vibration component. ) (3) k ₂ v ₂ cos2π ₂ (t−τ ₂ −τ ₂ ′) (4) Here, τ ₁ ′ and τ ₂ ′ are phase delay times unique to the feedback circuit.

Considering the work performed by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet 9 (represented by equations (3) and (4)) on the vibrator 1, the speed of the vibrator 1 (represented by equations (1) and (2)) Depending on the phase relationship between the vibration of the electromagnetic force and the vibration of the electromagnetic force, there are cases where the vibration motor is used as described below and cases where the vibration motor is used.

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show an example of conditions when a vibration motor is provided for each vibration component. This is a case where the electromagnetic force is delayed by one cycle with respect to the speed, the direction of the electromagnetic force always matches the direction of the speed, and the electric system gives work to the mechanical system. FIG. 8 shows the flow of energy in this case. Of the electric energy (frequency: 50 Hz, 60 Hz or 0 Hz) supplied from the power supply circuit (commercial power supply or DC power supply circuit) of the power amplifier 8, excluding the electric vibration damping energy consumed by the power amplifier 8 and the like. The energy thus converted is converted into mechanical vibration energy (frequency: ₁ , ₂ ) by the energy converter of this embodiment. Among them, energy excluding mechanical vibration damping energy absorbed by the mechanical system relating to the vibrating body 1 itself is extracted as energy from the load system provided in the vibrating body 1. Here, the difference between the so-called separately-excited energy converter and the self-excited energy converter of the present invention is that the vibrations of the converted energy and the converted energy have the same frequency in the former. In the latter, the vibration is completely different. For this reason, the latter is expected to have a significantly wider range of energy conversion utilization than the former.

FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show an example of conditions for a vibration generator for each vibration component. In this case, the electromagnetic force is delayed by a half cycle with respect to the speed, the direction of the electromagnetic force is always opposite to the direction of the speed, and electricity is given work from the mechanical system. FIG. 11 shows the flow of energy in this case. In the mechanical energy (frequency: ₁ , ₂ ) supplied from the mechanical source of the vibrating body 1,
The energy excluding the mechanical vibration damping energy consumed in the mechanical system of the vibrating body 1 itself is converted into electric energy (frequency: 50 Hz, 60 Hz or 0 Hz) by the energy converter of the present embodiment. Among them, the energy excluding the electric vibration damping energy absorbed by the power amplifier 8 and the like is the power amplifier 8
Is taken out as energy from the load circuit attached to the
In this case as well, the energy to be converted and the converted energy have different vibrations, especially the frequency, and are different from the so-called separately-excited energy converter having the same frequency. For this reason, it is expected that the use of the energy conversion of the present invention is significantly widened as compared with the separately excited type.

By the way, in FIGS. 6, 7 and 9, 10, τ ₁ ′ and τ ₂ ′ are phase delay times inherent to the circuit of this embodiment, and τ ₁ , τ ₂
Can be set arbitrarily regardless of this circuit.
The conditions for a vibration motor and a vibration generator as described above can be satisfied without difficulty.

The general conditions for the vibration motor and vibration generator are as follows:
As long as the vibration waveform does not lose its periodicity due to disturbance or the like, n ₁ and n ₂ are arbitrary natural numbers. In the case of a vibration motor, τ ₁ + τ ₁ ′ = n ₁ T ₁ , τ ₂ + τ ₂ ′ = n ₂ T _{2 In} case of vibration generator Can be given by

Further, as the distance from these conditions departs, the effect of the vibration motor is weakened, the effect of the vibration generator is also weakened, and the amount of energy conversion is reduced.

This can be described by a mathematical formula. The average power applied to the vibrating body 1 by the electromagnetic force is as follows. More required total work rate Can be clarified.

That is, condition 2 [pi ₁ to maximize the _{L 1 + L 2 (τ 1} + τ 1 ') = 2πn 1 2π 2 (τ 2 + τ 2') = 2πn 2 is a condition that 100% efficiency of the vibration motor, L ₁ conditions under which the + L ₂ to minimize Is the condition to be a vibration generator with 100% efficiency.

The condition for a vibration motor is L ₁ + L ₂ > 0, and the condition for a vibration generator is L ₁ + L ₂ <0.

Thus, according to this embodiment, the frequency range of the band filter and the delay time of the digital delay circuit are appropriately set from the component frequency of the vibrating body 1 and the electric energy from the power supply unit of the power amplifier 8 is vibrated. It is possible to freely convert the mechanical vibration energy of the body 1 and the mechanical vibration energy of the vibrating body 1 as electric energy to the power supply unit of the power amplifier 8.

If the expected vibration waveform of the vibrating body 1 is a sine wave, only a single series circuit of the band filter and the digital delay circuit is required. Conversely, the vibration waveform is greatly distorted,
For example, a pulse waveform as shown in FIG.
In the case of an impulse waveform as shown in the figure (all have periodicity), a large number (N) of serial circuits of band filters and digital delay circuits are required.

In that case, the total work rate L _t where electromagnetic force is formed to the vibrating body 1 is given by the following equation.

In this case, the condition that this feedback circuit becomes a vibration motor is _Lt >
The condition for obtaining an efficiency of 100%, especially 100%, is given by the following equation.

2π _i (τ _i + τ _i ′) = 2πn _{i Further} , the condition that the circuit becomes a vibration generator is L _t <0, and the condition for obtaining 100% efficiency is given by the following equation.

However, _i: natural frequency of the vibration member 1 (i order) tau _i: the delay time of the delay circuit provided for the _{i τ i ':} unique phase delay time equivalent circuit has on _i n _i: natural number Further, there are a few other application examples of the embodiment.

FIG. 14 shows an application example. In this application example, a combustion chamber (high-temperature / high-pressure field) 22 is used instead of the vibrating body 1 in FIG. 1, a pressure sensor (piezoelectric type) 23 is used instead of the acceleration sensor 2, and an electrostriction / piezoelectric is used instead of the electromagnet 9. There is an element 24. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas burned in the upstream part flows through the combustion chamber 22, and the electrostriction
The piezoelectric element 24 is fixed to the upstream end of the combustion chamber 22, and a pressure sensor
23 is fixed to the upstream part of the combustion chamber 22. A preamplifier is connected to the pressure sensor 23, and a plurality of band filters and digital delay circuits connected in series are connected in parallel, and thereafter, a power amplifier and an electrostrictive / piezoelectric element are connected in series. In this application example, the frequency of oscillating combustion expected to occur during combustion is measured in advance using this feedback circuit,
Based on this result, the delay time of the digital delay circuit of this feedback circuit is set, this feedback circuit is operated, and even if oscillating combustion occurs, this oscillation is automatically suppressed. is there. In this example, the feedback circuit functions as a vibration motor in a previous stage, and functions as a vibration generator in a later stage. In particular, at a later stage, the thermodynamic energy (frequency: ₁ , _2, etc.) generated in the combustion chamber 22 is supplied to the power supply section (commercial power supply or DC power supply) of the power amplifier by the electric energy (frequency: 50 Hz, 60 Hz, Or 0 Hz), the natural frequency ₁ of the hydrodynamic vibration system (corresponding to the air column vibration system when the combustion chamber 22 has an elongated cylindrical shape) in the combustion chamber 22 involved in vibration combustion. , _2, etc., are equivalent to increased vibration damping.

As other application examples, if the electromagnet 9 of the embodiment is replaced with an electro-hydraulic shaker, resonance fatigue tests of large structures such as buildings and bridges, and conversely, vibration suppression against strong winds and typhoons can be realized. it can. In this case, the number of feedback circuits including the vibrator and the vibration sensor (acceleration sensor in the embodiment) connected thereto, the band filter, the digital delay circuit, and the power amplifier is increased to a plurality, and the vibration mode of the structure is taken into consideration. By appropriately setting the delay time of each delay circuit, the exciting force of the structure can be increased, and the effect of oscillation and vibration suppression can be remarkably enhanced.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, an arbitrary delay time is set according to the oscillating combustion of the combustion chamber, so that the oscillating combustion of the flame can be suppressed regardless of the frequency of the oscillating combustion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an energy converter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows the output signal (voltage waveform) of the preamplifier, and FIGS. 3 and 4 show the output signals (voltage waveform of frequency ₁ and voltage waveform of frequency ₂ ) of the band filter. The figure shows the output current waveform of the power amplifier. FIG. 6, FIG.
Figure as the vibration motor, Fig. 9, as FIG. 10 vibration generator, shows the phase relationship between the electromagnetic force waveform acting on the vibrating body and the velocity waveform of the vibrating body, for each angular frequency _{1, 2} Is shown. FIGS. 8 and 11 show the flow of energy to be converted, the former being the case of a vibration motor and the latter being the case of a vibration generator. 12 and 13 show output signals (electric waveforms) of the preamplifier, which are a periodic pulse waveform and a periodic impulse waveform, respectively. FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram showing an application example of the present invention. 1 ... Vibrator, 2,3 ... Vibration detector, 4,5 ... Band filter, 6,7 ... Digital delay circuit, 8 ... Power amplifier,
9 ... Exciter.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Fumio Kato 502 Kandate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi Inside Hitachi, Ltd. Machinery Research Laboratory Co., Ltd. (56) Reference Reference 160349 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A vibration detector for outputting an electric signal having a frequency corresponding to the vibration of the combustion chamber in response to the vibration of the combustion chamber, and extracting only a signal of the main vibration component from the detection signal of the vibration detector. A bandpass filter, a digital delay circuit for delaying the output signal of the bandpass filter by a set time out of an adjustable time, a power amplifier for power amplifying the output signal of the digital delay circuit, and adding a combustion chamber according to the output signal of the power amplifier. A vibrating body for vibrating, the digital delay circuit,
A sampling signal generator for generating a sampling signal, an analog / digital converter for converting an output signal of the bandpass filter into a digital signal according to the sampling signal, and an arbitrary address of data based on the output signal of the analog / digital converter And a digital / analog converter that converts data held in the memory for a set time into an analog signal and outputs the analog signal to the power converter. Self-excited energy converter.