JP2645319B2 - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator used for excavating underground and ground.

[Background Art] In general, in a tunnel excavator such as a free-section excavator, a gathering method is used for loading and backward transporting of the excavated waste.

This gathering method is such that a dumping plate is provided at the end of the excavator body at the face side, and the shear after excavation is loaded on the dumping plate, and is transported and discharged to the rear of the excavator body by a belt conveyor or the like. It has become.

However, in the above-mentioned gathering method, when excavating the earth and sand of the face and then lining the inner peripheral surface of the excavation pit with concrete, the tunnel installed on the lining surface of the excavation pit There is a step corresponding to the lining thickness dimension between the installation surface height of the excavator and the extraction surface height of the excavation shear (that is, the position of the excavation cross section), and is provided at the tip of a tunnel excavator moving on the lining surface. Excavated plate alone left digging waste of the thickness of the lining, and the remaining digging waste had to be removed manually. Further, since the dumping plate is not formed along the cross section of the excavation, the excavation shears leak from the left and right sides of the dumping plate, so that the work efficiency and the soil removal efficiency of the excavation are poor. Was.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator capable of easily and efficiently performing a sliding operation.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides an excavator body with an earth-discharge plate for stacking excavated scraps at the face end, and detachably attaches the earth-discharge plate to the main body and the main body. A tip apron to be mounted is provided, and the tip apron is formed to be curved along a cross section of the excavation.

[Operation] According to the tunnel excavator according to the present invention, the tip apron is curved along the excavation cross section, so that the excavation shears are almost completely scooped and loaded to the rear of the excavator body, and after excavation, the tip By leaving the apron on the face, a lining space is formed in the excavated portion of the excavated waste.

Embodiment FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 show an embodiment of the present invention. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes an excavator main body, and reference numeral 2 denotes a moving device for mounting the excavator main body 1 and moving the excavator main body along the excavation direction. The main component of the machine.

The moving device 2 includes a base 4 grounded on the lower lining surface 3 of the excavation pit T, and is supported by the base 4 via a guide wheel 5 so as to be slidable horizontally and back and forth. It is mainly composed of a chassis 6 to be mounted,
Between the chassis 6 and the base 4, both are excavated T
A cylinder mechanism 7 for alternately advancing or retreating along the direction of excavation is provided. Between the chassis 6 and the lower lining surface 3 of the excavation pit T, the chassis 6 is excavated when the base 4 is advanced or retracted. A push-up mechanism 8 that lifts and supports the base 4 from the lower lining surface 3 of the shaft T is provided.

The cylinder mechanism 7 includes a pair of propulsion cylinders 9, 9 (only one is shown in FIG. 1). The propulsion cylinder 9 is housed in the cylinder body 10 so as to be able to protrude and retract. The rear end 10a of the cylinder body 10 is connected to the base 4 and the front end 11a of the extensible rod 11 is connected to the chassis 6, thereby separating the chassis 6 and the base 4 from each other. Relative movement in the direction in which they move or in the direction in which they approach each other.

The push-up mechanism 8 includes a pair of skis 12, 12 having an upper end pivotally supported by the lower surface of the chassis 6 and a lower end having a ground contact surface 12a with the lower lining surface 3 of the excavation pit T; It consists of a pair of telescopic jacks (not shown) connected to the other end of 12 and the lower surface of the chassis 6, and each telescopic jack is extended to attach each ski 12 to the lower lining surface 3. By pressing and contacting the ground, the reaction force is used to push up the chassis 6 and levitate the base 4.

In the tunnel excavator having such a configuration, the earth discharging plate 13 which is a feature of the present invention is provided at the tip of the chassis 6 on the face side.

The earth removal plate 13 is for collecting the excavated waste, loading the same backward, and transporting the excavated waste. The tip 14a is formed so as to be curved substantially along the lower lining surface 3 of the excavation pit T, and the inner surface thereof is a semi-circular cone. A main body 14 having a shape, and a tip 14a of the main body 14
And a semi-cylindrical tip apron 15 which is removably attached to and is curved along the cross section of the excavation pit T. At the approximate center of the inside of the main body 14, there is disposed a shed loading device 17 provided with a belt conveyor 16 for transporting and discharging the excavated waste backward.

If the attachment means between the body portion 14 of the earth removal plate 13 and the tip apron 15 is, for example, a tenon joint, it can be joined with one touch at the time of forward movement, and can be easily separated at the time of retreat without applying resistance.

Next, a method of discharging the excavated waste using the tunnel excavator configured as described above will be described according to the excavation work of the excavation pit T.

In the state shown in FIG. 1, the base 4 and the main body portion 14 of the earth removal plate 13 are grounded to the lower lining surface 3 of the excavation pit T, and the base 3 supports the body weight and the excavation reaction force.
The tip apron 15 of the earth discharging plate 13 is pressed into the cut face mountain to be excavated and is bitten. In this state, the cylinder mechanism 7 is driven to move the chassis 6 forward while excavating the earth and sand in the face portion, and the soil discharge plate 13 is gradually advanced to the position shown in FIG. At this time, the excavated waste generated by the excavation is almost recovered by the tip apron 15 advancing along the excavated cross section and the main body 14 at the rear thereof, and then transported and discharged rearward by the shear loading device 16.

When the excavation of a predetermined distance of the excavation pit T is completed,
As shown in FIG. 4, while the tip apron 15 remains at the face, the cylinder mechanism 7 is driven to drive the main body portion 14 of the earth discharging plate 13.
To the rear lining surface 3. Then, concrete is sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the excavation pit T in the lining space formed thereby to form the lining surface 3.

Next, the chassis 6 is advanced, and the main body portion 14 of the earth discharging plate 13 is moved.
When the front end 14a is attached to the rear end of the front end apron 15 in the face, and the base 4 is advanced to contact the newly formed lower lining surface 3, the state shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.

Thereafter, the above procedure may be repeated to excavate the excavation pit T.

According to this embodiment, the following excellent effects are obtained.

Because the tip apron 15 curved along the excavation cross section can be separated from the main body part 14 of the earth removal plate 13 and only the main body part 14 is retracted to the lining surface 3 while leaving the tip apron 15 in the face. In addition, it is possible to easily secure a lining space, and it is possible to solve the problem that the entire earth discharging plate 13 cannot be accommodated in the rear lining surface 3 that is narrower than the excavated cross section.

By forming the tip apron 15 to be curved along the cross section of the excavation, the problem that the excavation waste is made to extend backward from the left and right of the earth removal plate 13 is eliminated, and the efficiency of excavation shear discharge can be increased. In addition, since excavation shears corresponding to the thickness dimension of the lower lining surface 3 are not left, earth removal work such as human power is eliminated, and it is suitable for automatic excavation using a computer or the like, thereby improving work efficiency. Can be.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the tunnel excavator of the present invention, at the face end of the excavator main body, a dump plate for stacking excavated shears is provided, A main body and a tip apron detachably attached to the main body. The tip apron is formed to be curved along the cross section of the excavation. Earth work can be performed easily and efficiently. Further, by separating the tip apron from the main body, a lining space after excavation can be easily secured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 4 show one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a state in which a tunnel excavator is installed in a digging pit, and FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrow II in FIG. , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are views for explaining the earth removal procedure of excavation shearing, and are each a configuration diagram showing a state where a tunnel excavator is installed in an excavation pit. 1 ... excavator body, 3 ... lower lining surface, 13 ... earth removal plate, 14 ... body part, 15 ... tip apron.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazuo Ichikawa 4-11-11 Yachiyodaihigashi, Yachiyo-shi, Chiba (56) References JP-A-55-111597 (JP, A) JP-A-52-33330 (JP) , A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An excavator body is provided at the face side end thereof with a dumping plate for loading excavated cuttings rearward. The dumping plate includes a main body, and a tip apron detachably attached to the main body. Wherein the tip apron is formed to be curved along a section to be excavated.