JP2641182B2 - Slope stabilization method and slope expansion method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slope stabilization method for stabilizing a broken ground or an existing retaining wall on a slope, and expands a road or a building site on the slope. It is related to the expansion method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a retaining wall for protecting a slope, a masonry construction method or a block construction method is employed. In these, stones or blocks made of precast are piled up along the slope, and the collapse of the slope is suppressed by the weight of the stone or the block. However, since stones and blocks are individual bodies and individually receive the earth and sand load at the time of collapse of the ground, if one location collapses due to the load, the whole collapses. In addition, since it is only placed along the surface of the ground and lacks integration with the ground, a force against a sediment load is insufficient. The situation is the same even in the ground on a sloping slope, and various construction methods have been developed as effective methods for preventing the collapse of the ground.

[0003] In these methods, a precast block is further installed on the retaining wall or the ground as described above, or a structure is constructed by placing a formwork and casting concrete or the like. A method has been developed in which these blocks and structures are fixed to anchors that are cast toward the ground, and the entire retaining wall or the ground is directly pressed from the retaining wall to prevent the collapse of the slope.

[0004]

According to the method using only the precast blocks as described above,
Large labor is required for loading blocks and installing them on slopes. In addition, because it is made of precast, it is extremely difficult to exactly follow the irregularities of the retaining wall and the ground. In other words, the blocks do not adhere to the stones of the retaining wall, resulting in point contact. Therefore, it is impossible to hold the block in close contact with the retaining wall, and sometimes an excessive load is concentrated on a point contact portion, and the block may be damaged. The method of constructing a structure by assembling a mold has a problem that the number of steps in the construction is large and the construction period is significantly prolonged. In other words, the inefficiency of performing these steps on a slope with poor scaffolding, such as rebar arrangement, formwork, and spraying of a hardening material such as mortar or concrete, is a major issue to be improved.

Another problem to be solved by the present invention is that
It is a matter of slope landscape. In the conventional methods for stabilizing a slope as described above and in the expansion method for expanding a road width and a building site on the slope, there have been few ideas for improving the landscape itself of the slope. The blocks and structures exposed on the retaining wall and the ground were devised by themselves, but they were designed and designed in consideration of the landscape of the entire slope when they were arranged on the slope. Was few.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to prevent the collapse from being brought into close contact with a retaining wall or the ground, to facilitate the construction, and to improve the landscape of the entire slope. It is an object of the present invention to provide a slope stabilization method and a slope expansion method.

[0007]

The slope stabilization method according to the present invention uses a precast block, and the block is gradually separated from side to side as the left and right sides go upward from below. As they go, each draws a substantially arcuate arc-shaped curve, and the front surface has a substantially T-shape as a whole. In other words, the left and right sides of the block are formed so as to draw an arc-shaped curve obtained by dividing a circle or an ellipse into four parts, and the portions forming the upper ends of the left and right arc-shaped curves project right and left, and as a whole, It is substantially T-shaped. The block has an edge formed from the lower end and the left and right ends to the back side.

[0008] This block is placed on a retaining wall or on a cut ground. Edges are formed on the back side of the block at the lower end and left and right side edges, and when the block is installed, a pocket-like space opened only upwards by the block and the retaining wall or the ground behind is formed become. The reinforcing bars are arranged in this space, and it is preferable that the reinforcing bars assembled in advance are welded to a dowel projecting from the back surface of the block, or that the reinforcing bars are partially buried in the block when the block is manufactured. A plurality of blocks are arranged side by side on the left and right so that the left and right ends of the upper portion of the block are close to or in contact with each other. As a result, a substantially semicircular arch shape is drawn by the sides of the blocks arranged on the left and right. In other words, if a plurality of blocks are arranged side by side next to each other, some elegant arch shapes will appear on the slope.

[0009] A hardening material such as mortar, concrete, or resin mortar is poured into a space formed between the block and the retaining wall or the ground to be hardened. These blocks are fixed to anchors that are cast toward the ground. As the anchor, a ground anchor is preferable in which a plurality of tensile members are passed through a sheath, inserted into a drilled hole in the ground, injected with cement milk or the like, and fixed. Other anchors such as rock bolts and ground reinforcement anchors can also be used. When a prestressed ground anchor is used, temporary fixation or primary tension may be given by this ground anchor, and after the hardening material is filled between the block and the ground, secondary tension (main tension) may be performed. When the hardening material is cast, the hardening material may not be cast to the upper end of the space behind, but may be cast to the upper and lower middle portions, and the soil may be packed on it and planted.

In the method for expanding a slope on the slope according to the present invention, a plurality of arch shapes are exposed by using the above-mentioned precast blocks and arranging a plurality of the blocks in a similar manner on the retaining wall or the ground. At this time, the lower end of the block is placed on a pile that has been driven downward from the slope. The block can be placed directly on the pile, but it may be placed on a foundation block or a beam that is placed on a pile placed at an appropriate interval, and the block may be supported from below. It is the same as described above that the block is fixed with an anchor that is cast toward the ground and a hardening material is cast in the space between the block and the retaining wall or the ground. The road or site on the slope is connected to the top of the block, and the top of the block is extended as part of the road or site.

[0011]

[Function] An elegant arch shape appears on a plurality of slopes, and the landscape of the entire slope is significantly improved. Behind the block, a pocket-like space surrounded by the block and the retaining wall or the ground is formed, and a hardening material may be poured into this space, so that labor for assembling the formwork can be saved. Since the back of the block has a large opening facing the retaining wall and the ground, the hardened material cast behind fits in with the unevenness of the retaining wall and the ground, making the surface adhere and press the slope. By using this block to expand a road or a building site, effects such as ease of construction, close contact with a slope, and improvement of a landscape can be similarly obtained.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a precast block, the front of which is substantially T-shaped. The left-right side 2.2 draws an arc-shaped curve obtained by dividing the ellipse into four parts, which are gradually separated from the lower end as going upward.
An edge 3 protruding rearward is formed at the lower end and the left and right ends. The thickness of the block 1 is gradually reduced from the top to the bottom. On the back of block 1,
A dowel 4 partially embedded in the block 1 protrudes. An anchor hole 5 is formed substantially at the center of the block 1, and holes 6 are formed near the three ends of the T-shape. Along the side edges 2.2 of the surface of the block 1, designs 7.7 for creating a masonry atmosphere are provided.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a case where the reinforcing bar assembly 9 is installed on the masonry retaining wall 8. First, a reinforcing bar assembly 9 previously assembled on the back side of the block 1 is fixed to the dowel 4 by welding. It is installed so that the side faces the retaining wall 8. At this time, the projecting portion of the ground anchor 10, which has been previously cast toward the ground, from the retaining wall 7 is passed through the anchor hole 5.
Relatively thin and short anchor 11 made of reinforcing steel or the like in hole 6
Into the retaining wall 7 to fix the block 1. This is also for temporarily fixing the block 1 before fixing with the prestressed ground anchor 10, but can withstand permanent use. Concrete 12 is used as a hardening material in a pocket-shaped space formed between the block 1 and the retaining wall 8.
Pour in. By pouring the concrete 12, the casting is facilitated, and the concrete 12 enters the unevenness of the retaining wall 8,
The retaining wall 8 is well adapted. Although low-slump shotcrete has a problem in quality, the back of the block 1 is filled by pouring the concrete 12 and vibrating, so that the concrete is well adapted to irregularities. A prestressing force is applied to the ground anchor 10 to tens it, and the block 1 is pressed against the slope together with the concrete 12 to hold down the slope. A dovetail 4 protrudes from the back of the block 1 so that it can be integrated with the cast concrete 12.

FIG. 4 shows a concrete 12 in which the concrete 12 is cast in the middle of the block 1 up and down, on which a soil 13 is packed and vegetated. Vegetation can further improve the landscape of the slope. FIG. 5 shows an example in which a part of a reinforcing bar assembly 14 in which a reinforcing bar is supposed to be completed is buried in the block 1 so as to be integrated with the block 1 when the block 1 is manufactured. By embedding the reinforcing bar assembly 14 at the time of manufacturing the block 1, it is not necessary to form the reinforcing bar when filling the concrete 12. In addition, since the reinforcing bar assembly 14 itself has rigidity, by integrating it with the precast block 1, it is possible to prevent the block 1 from being damaged when the block 1 is transported or mounted.

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show a construction in which the road 15 is expanded on the slope. The precast pile 16 is driven into the slope downward at appropriate intervals, and the block foundation 17 is placed thereon. is there. This block foundation 1
As described above, the block 1 is placed on the retaining wall 8 with the lower end placed on the top 7, and concrete 12 is cast on the back of the block 1, and is fixed by the ground anchor 10 to which a prestressing force is applied. I have. The upper surface of the block 1 is aligned with the upper end of the block 1 so that the upper end of the block 1 becomes a part of the road 1 and extends the road width.

[0016]

The present invention has the above-described configuration, and can obtain the following effects. Since the left and right sides are formed as a quarter-arc shaped block, by arranging these blocks next to each other on a retaining wall or on the ground, an elegant arched shape appears on the slope, significantly improving the landscape of the entire slope Let it. The block is installed on a retaining wall or ground, and a pocket-like space is formed between the block and the retaining wall or ground, and a hardening material is poured into this space. Since it can be used as a frame, no formwork work is required at all and construction is significantly easier. The back surface of the block is widely open toward the retaining wall or the ground, so that the hardened material that has been cast in fits well with the unevenness, and can adhere to the retaining wall or the ground to satisfactorily hold down the slope. A pocket-shaped space is created by the block and the retaining wall or the ground, and it is possible to pour hardening material into this space and fill it, making it easy to work, good quality, and a structural member that is familiar with unevenness. It is possible to do. Since the block is fixed on the retaining wall or the ground by the anchor, it takes a reaction force against the ground to suppress the sediment load, and can withstand an extremely large sediment load. By arranging the blocks and aligning the upper end with the road surface or the building site, the road width and site can be expanded, and an elegant arch shape appears on the slope, improving the landscape. By setting the hardening material to the upper and lower middle part of the block, filling it with the soil and vegetation, the landscape of the slope can be further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a slope stabilization method in which blocks are arranged on a ground.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a precast block.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an embodiment in which a block is installed on a retaining wall.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of another embodiment in which a block is installed on a retaining wall.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of another embodiment in which a block is installed on a retaining wall.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an expansion method on a slope.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an embodiment of an expansion method on a slope.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 block 2 side 3 edge 4 dowel 5 anchor hole 6 hole 7 design 8 retaining wall 9 reinforcing bar assembly 10 ground anchor 11 anchor 12 concrete 13 guest soil 14 reinforcing bar assembly 15 road 16 pile 17 block foundation

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A left-right side draws a substantially quarter-arc curve so as to gradually separate from side to side as going upward from below, and the front has a substantially T-shape as a whole and a lower end. The left and right ends of the upper part of the block are close to or in contact with each other, and a predominantly semicircular arch is formed by the sides of the left and right precast blocks. Arrange on the ground or existing retaining wall to draw the shape, stiffen by stiffening the hardened material from above the precast block, and fix it with the anchor laid toward the ground Stabilization method. 2. The cement-based hardening material according to claim 1, wherein the cement-based hardening material is cast from the lower end to the upper and lower middle portions on the back surface of the precast block, and the upper end portion is filled with soil to enable vegetation. Slope stabilization method. 3. The left and right sides each draw a substantially quarter-arc curve so as to gradually separate from side to side as going upward from below, and the front has a substantially T-shaped overall as a whole and a lower end. And a plurality of precast blocks with edges formed from the left and right sides to the back side are placed on a pile whose lower end is driven downward from the slope, and the left and right ends of the upper part of the block are close to or in contact with each other. And place it on the ground or existing retaining wall so as to draw an almost semi-arc shaped arch by the sides of the left and right precast blocks, cast hardening material from above the precast blocks, and turn to the ground. An extension method on a slope that becomes a part of a road or building site by connecting the top of the block to the road or site on the slope by fixing it to an anchor that has been cast.