JP2629373B2 - Copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings with excellent strength, wear resistance and seizure resistance - Google Patents
Copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings with excellent strength, wear resistance and seizure resistanceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2629373B2 JP2629373B2 JP1236184A JP23618489A JP2629373B2 JP 2629373 B2 JP2629373 B2 JP 2629373B2 JP 1236184 A JP1236184 A JP 1236184A JP 23618489 A JP23618489 A JP 23618489A JP 2629373 B2 JP2629373 B2 JP 2629373B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- based sintered
- sintered alloy
- resistance
- copper
- alloy oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、高速回転および高荷重下においても優れ
た強度、耐摩耗性および耐焼付き性を有する銅基焼結合
金含油軸受に関するものであり、特に、電動工具の軸受
などとして用いるに適した銅基焼結合金含油軸受に関す
るものである。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearing having excellent strength, wear resistance and seizure resistance even under high-speed rotation and high load. More particularly, the present invention relates to a copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearing suitable for use as a bearing of a power tool.
従来、上記電動工具の軸受として、Cu−28％Zn−６％
Al（％は重量％を示す。以下、特に断りがない限り％は
重量％を示す。）の代表組成を有する銅基溶製合金軸受
およびCu−9.5％Snの代表組成を有する銅基焼結合金含
油軸受が用いられていた。Conventionally, Cu-28% Zn-6%
A copper-based ingot alloy bearing having a typical composition of Al (% means% by weight; hereinafter, unless otherwise specified,% means% by weight) and a copper-based sintered joint having a typical composition of Cu-9.5% Sn Gold oil-impregnated bearings were used.
しかし、上記電動工具のような高速回転および高荷重
下における軸受として上記銅基溶製合金軸受を用いた場
合、油切れが生じて、焼付きが発生することがあり、ま
た上記銅基焼結合金含油軸受の場合は強度、耐摩耗性お
よび耐焼付き性に問題があった。However, when the above-mentioned copper-based ingot alloy bearing is used as a bearing under high-speed rotation and high load like the above-mentioned electric tool, oil shortage may occur and seizure may occur. In the case of oil-impregnated gold bearings, there were problems in strength, wear resistance and seizure resistance.
最近の、電動工具はますます苛酷な条件で使用される
ことが多く、そのため、一層の強度、耐摩耗性および耐
焼付き性にすぐれた軸受の開発が強く望まれていた。Recently, power tools are often used under increasingly severe conditions, and therefore, there has been a strong demand for the development of bearings having better strength, wear resistance and seizure resistance.
そこで、本発明者らは、上述のような観点から、一段
とすぐれた強度を有し、さらに、耐摩耗性および耐焼付
き性にもすぐれた銅基焼結合金含油軸受を開発すべく研
究を行った結果、 Sn:5.0〜10.0％、 Mn:7.5〜15.0％、 Si:2.5〜5.0％、 酸素:0.1〜1.0％、 を含有し、残りがCuおよび不可避不純物からなる組成、
並びに素地中に平均粒径:1〜20μｍの微細なMn5Si3金属
間化合物が均一に分散しかつ空孔率:10〜30容量％分布
した組織を有する銅基焼結合金含油軸受は、すぐれた強
度を有するとともに、耐摩耗性および耐焼付き性を有す
るという知見を得たのである。In view of the above, the present inventors have conducted research in order to develop a copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearing having superior strength and excellent abrasion resistance and seizure resistance from the above viewpoint. As a result, a composition comprising Sn: 5.0 to 10.0%, Mn: 7.5 to 15.0%, Si: 2.5 to 5.0%, oxygen: 0.1 to 1.0%, and the balance consisting of Cu and inevitable impurities,
A copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearing having a structure in which fine Mn 5 Si 3 intermetallic compounds having an average particle size of 1 to 20 μm are uniformly dispersed and a porosity of 10 to 30% by volume is distributed in a base material, They have found that they have excellent strength and have abrasion resistance and seizure resistance.
この発明は、かかる知見にもとづいてなされたもので
あって、つぎに、この発明の銅基焼結合金含油軸受に用
いる銅基焼結合金の成分組成、空孔率およびMn5Si3金属
間化合物を上記のごとく限定した理由について説明す
る。The present invention has been made based on such knowledge, and then, the composition of the copper-based sintered alloy used for the oil-impregnated copper-based sintered alloy bearing of the present invention, the porosity and the Mn 5 Si 3 intermetallic The reason for limiting the compounds as described above will be described.
（ａ）． 空孔率 空孔率は、保油率を高め、特に高速回転下での耐焼付
き性を改善する作用を有するが、10容量％未満では十分
な保油率が得られず、一方、30容量％より多く分布する
と強度が低下するのみでなく、熱伝導度が低下すること
により逆に耐熱性が悪くなり、高速回転および高荷重下
での強度および耐摩耗性が低下し、好ましくない。(A). Porosity The porosity has the effect of increasing the oil retention and improving the seizure resistance especially under high-speed rotation. However, if it is less than 10% by volume, a sufficient oil retention cannot be obtained. %, Not only the strength is lowered, but also the heat conductivity is lowered due to the lowered thermal conductivity, and the strength and wear resistance under high-speed rotation and high load are lowered, which is not preferable.
したがって、空好率は、10〜30容量％に定めた。 Therefore, the air content rate was set at 10 to 30% by volume.
（ｂ）． Sn Snは、Cuと共に素地を形成し、素地の強化と耐凝着性
を向上させる効果があるが、5.0％未満では所望の効果
がなく、一方、10.0％を越えて含有すると、靭性が低下
するとともに耐熱性の劣化にともなう耐焼付き性が低下
するようになる。したがって、Snの含有量は、10.0〜3
0.0％に定めた。(B). Sn Sn forms a base with Cu and has the effect of strengthening the base and improving the adhesion resistance. However, if it is less than 5.0%, the desired effect is not obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10.0%, the toughness decreases. At the same time, the seizure resistance is lowered due to the deterioration of the heat resistance. Therefore, the content of Sn is 10.0-3
It was set to 0.0%.
（ｃ）． MnおよびSi これらの成分は、お互いに結合して素地中に微細に分
散するMn5Si3金属間化合物を形成して耐摩耗性、耐焼付
き性および強度を向上する作用を有し、さらに、酸素と
も結合して複酸化物を形成し、より一層耐摩耗性を改善
する作用を有するが、Mn:7.5％未満、Si:2.5％未満では
その効果がなく、一方、Mnは15.0％を、Siは5.0％をそ
れぞれ越えて含有すると逆に耐焼付き性が低下し相手攻
撃性が増すので好ましくない。(C). Mn and Si These components combine with each other to form an Mn 5 Si 3 intermetallic compound that is finely dispersed in the base material, and have an effect of improving wear resistance, seizure resistance and strength, and Combined with oxygen to form a double oxide, which has the effect of further improving wear resistance, but Mn: less than 7.5%, Si: less than 2.5%, has no effect, while Mn has 15.0%, If the content of Si exceeds 5.0%, the seizure resistance decreases and the aggressiveness of the partner increases, which is not preferable.
したがって、Mnの含有量は7.5〜15.0％、Siの含有量
は、2.5〜5.0％にそれぞれ定めた。Therefore, the content of Mn was set to 7.5 to 15.0%, and the content of Si was set to 2.5 to 5.0%.
（ｄ）． 酸素 酸素は、Cu,MnおよびSiと結合して、素地中に均一微
細に分散する酸化物を形成し、高速回転および高荷重下
での耐摩耗性を向上させる作用を有するが、0.1％未満
では効果がなく、一方、1.0％を越えて含有すると、酸
化物の粒径が40μｍを越えて粗大化するばかりでなく、
面積率で７％を越えて多くなりすぎ、軸受の強度および
靭性を低下させるほか、相手攻撃性を増し、好ましくな
い。(D). Oxygen Oxygen combines with Cu, Mn and Si to form oxides that are uniformly and finely dispersed in the substrate, and has the effect of improving wear resistance under high-speed rotation and high load, but less than 0.1% Has no effect. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 1.0%, not only does the oxide particle size exceed 40 μm,
The area ratio is more than 7%, which is too large, which undesirably lowers the strength and toughness of the bearing and increases the aggressiveness of the bearing.
したがって、酸素の含有量は、0.1〜1.0％に定めた。 Therefore, the oxygen content was set to 0.1 to 1.0%.
（ｅ）． 金属間化合物 この発明の銅基焼結合金含油軸受には、素地中に微細
なMn5Si3金属間化合物が均一に分散し、摩擦係数を低下
せしめ耐摩耗性および耐焼付き性を著しく向上せしめる
作用を有するが、素地中に分散するMn5Si3金属間化合物
の平均粒径が１μｍ未満では、所望の効果が得られず、
一方、その平均粒径が20μｍを越えると、耐焼付き性が
低下するので好ましくない。したがって、Mn5Si3金属間
化合物の、平均粒径は１〜20μｍに定めた。(E). Intermetallic compound In the copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention, fine Mn 5 Si 3 intermetallic compound is uniformly dispersed in the base material, lowering the friction coefficient and significantly improving wear resistance and seizure resistance. Although having an effect, if the average particle size of the Mn 5 Si 3 intermetallic compound dispersed in the base material is less than 1 μm, the desired effect cannot be obtained,
On the other hand, if the average particle size exceeds 20 μm, the seizure resistance is undesirably reduced. Therefore, the Mn 5 Si 3 intermetallic compound, the average particle size was determined to 1 to 20 [mu] m.
つぎに、この発明の銅基焼結合金含油軸受を実施例に
より具体的に説明する。Next, the copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
原料粉末として、いずれも200mesh以下の、Cu−10％S
n合金粉末、Cu粉末、Sn粉末、Si粉末、およびMn粉末を
用意し、これら原料粉末を配合し、Ｖ型ミキサーで３時
間粉砕混合したのち、２〜6ton/cm2の範囲内の所定の圧
力で圧粉体にプレス成型し、露点:0℃〜−30℃の水素ガ
ス中、700〜750℃の範囲内の所定の温度で１時間保持の
条件で焼結することにより酸素含有量を調整し、ついで
空孔量をコントロールするために、必要に応じて室温〜
300℃の範囲内の所定の温度に１分間保持後、再加圧を
行うことにより、外径:18.0mm、内径:8.0mm、高さ:9.0m
mの寸法を有し、第１表に示される成分組成および空孔
率を有する各種のCu基焼結合金軸受を製造し、これら各
種のCu基焼結合金軸受に合成油を含浸せしめて、本発明
Cu基焼結合金含油軸受１〜８、比較Cu基焼結合金含油軸
受１〜12および従来Cu基焼結合金含油軸受を、それぞれ
製造した。As raw material powder, Cu-10% S each less than 200mesh
n alloy powder, Cu powder, Sn powder, prepared Si powder and Mn powder, are blended raw material powder, after 3 hours pulverized and mixed in a V type mixer, a predetermined range of 2~6ton / cm 2 Press molding into a green compact with pressure, and sintering in a hydrogen gas at a dew point of 0 ° C to -30 ° C for 1 hour at a predetermined temperature in the range of 700 to 750 ° C to reduce the oxygen content Adjust to room temperature, if necessary, to control pore volume.
After holding at a predetermined temperature within the range of 300 ° C for 1 minute, re-pressurization is performed to make the outer diameter: 18.0mm, the inner diameter: 8.0mm, and the height: 9.0m
Production of various Cu-based sintered alloy bearings having a size of m and having the component composition and porosity shown in Table 1, impregnating these various Cu-based sintered alloy bearings with synthetic oil, The present invention
Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings 1 to 8, comparative Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings 1 to 12, and conventional Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings were manufactured.
また、比較Cu基焼結合金含油軸受１〜12は、いずれも
構成成分のうちのいずれかの成分含有量、Mn5Si3金属間
化合物の平均粒径または空孔含有量（第１表に※印を付
したもの）がこの発明の範囲から外れたものである。In addition, the comparative Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings 1 to 12 all have the content of any one of the constituent components, the average particle diameter of the Mn 5 Si 3 intermetallic compound or the porosity content (see Table 1). (Marked with *) are out of the scope of the present invention.
つぎに、この結果得られた本発明Cu基焼結合金含油軸
受１〜７、比較Cu基焼結合金含油軸受１〜12および従来
Cu基焼結合金含油軸受の耐摩耗性および耐焼付き性を評
価する目的で、それぞれのCu基焼結合金含油軸受にJIS
規格S45C熱処理なし6S仕上げのシャフトを挿入し、本発
明Cu基焼結合金含油軸受１〜８、比較Cu基焼結合金含油
軸受１〜12および従来Cu基焼結合金含油軸受にそれぞれ
挿入したシャフトに、面圧P:10kg f/cm2の荷重をかけな
がら、上記シャフトに周速度V:50m/min.の回転を与え、
50時間後に上記各種Cu基焼結合金含油軸受の摩耗量を測
定し、これらの値を第１表に示した。さらに、上記シャ
フトに、面圧P:1〜20kg f/cm2の荷重をかけながら、上
記シャフトに周速度V:50〜150m/min.の回転を与え、焼
付きが発生した時の上記面圧Ｐおよび上記周速度Ｖを測
定してPV値を求め、これらの値を第１表に示した。Next, the resulting Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings 1 to 7 of the present invention, the comparative Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings 1 to 12, and the conventional
In order to evaluate the wear resistance and seizure resistance of Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings, JIS
Standard S45C 6S finished shaft without heat treatment is inserted and inserted into the Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings 1-8, comparative Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings 1-12 and conventional Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings of the present invention. While applying a load of surface pressure P: 10 kg f / cm 2 to the shaft, rotating the shaft at a peripheral speed V: 50 m / min.
After 50 hours, the wear amounts of the above-described oil-impregnated Cu-based sintered alloy bearings were measured, and these values are shown in Table 1. Furthermore, while applying a load of surface pressure P: 1 to 20 kg f / cm 2 to the shaft, the shaft is rotated at a peripheral speed V of 50 to 150 m / min. The pressure P and the peripheral velocity V were measured to obtain a PV value, and these values are shown in Table 1.
かかる軸受試験を終了したのち、上記各種Cu基焼結合
金含油軸受の強度および靭性を評価する目的で上記各種
Cu基焼結合金含油軸受の半径方向に荷重をかけ、上記各
種Cu基焼結合金含油軸受が破壊したときの荷重を測定す
ることにより圧壊荷重を測定し、これらの値を第１表に
示した。After the completion of the bearing test, the above-mentioned various types of Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings were evaluated for the purpose of evaluating the strength and toughness.
The crushing load was measured by applying a load in the radial direction of the Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearing, and measuring the load when the various Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings were broken. These values are shown in Table 1. Was.
第１表に示される結果から、本発明Cu基焼結合金含油
軸受１〜８は、いずれも従来Cu基焼結合金含油軸受に比
べて、一段とすぐれた強度、耐摩耗性および耐焼付き性
をもち、また比較Cu基焼結合金含油軸受１〜12に見られ
るように、構成成分および空孔のうちいずれかでもこの
発明の範囲から外れると、強度、耐摩耗性、もしくは耐
焼付き性のうち少なくともいずれかの性質が劣ったもの
となることが明らかである。From the results shown in Table 1, the Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings 1 to 8 of the present invention all have higher strength, wear resistance and seizure resistance than the conventional Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings. Also, as can be seen in the comparative Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings 1 to 12, if any of the components and voids depart from the scope of the present invention, the strength, wear resistance, or seizure resistance It is clear that at least one of the properties is inferior.
上述のように、この発明のCu基焼結合金含油軸受は、
強度、耐摩耗性、および耐焼付き性を有 するので、高速回転下で高荷重のかかる各種機器の軸受
として十分に対応することができ、実用に際しては、す
ぐれた性能を長期にわたって発揮することにより工業上
すぐれた効果をもたらすものである。As described above, the Cu-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention is:
Has strength, abrasion resistance, and seizure resistance Therefore, the bearing can be sufficiently used as a bearing for various kinds of equipment that is subjected to a high load under high-speed rotation, and in practical use, exhibits excellent industrial performance by exhibiting excellent performance over a long period of time.
Claims (1)
（以上重量％）、並びに素地中に平均粒径:1〜20μｍの
微細なMn5Si3金属間化合物が均一に分散しかつ空孔率:1
0〜30容量％分布した組織を有することを特徴とする強
度、耐摩耗性および耐焼付き性にすぐれた銅基焼結合金
含油軸受。1. A composition comprising Sn: 5.0 to 10.0%, Mn: 7.5 to 15.0%, Si: 2.5 to 5.0%, oxygen: 0.1 to 1.0%, and the balance consisting of Cu and unavoidable impurities (at least% by weight). ), And a fine Mn 5 Si 3 intermetallic compound having an average particle size of 1 to 20 μm is uniformly dispersed in the substrate, and the porosity is 1
A copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearing having excellent strength, abrasion resistance and seizure resistance, characterized by having a structure distributed from 0 to 30% by volume.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1236184A JP2629373B2 (en) | 1989-09-12 | 1989-09-12 | Copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings with excellent strength, wear resistance and seizure resistance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1236184A JP2629373B2 (en) | 1989-09-12 | 1989-09-12 | Copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings with excellent strength, wear resistance and seizure resistance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03100131A JPH03100131A (en) | 1991-04-25 |
| JP2629373B2 true JP2629373B2 (en) | 1997-07-09 |
Family
ID=16997020
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1236184A Expired - Lifetime JP2629373B2 (en) | 1989-09-12 | 1989-09-12 | Copper-based sintered alloy oil-impregnated bearings with excellent strength, wear resistance and seizure resistance |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2629373B2 (en) |
-
1989
- 1989-09-12 JP JP1236184A patent/JP2629373B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03100131A (en) | 1991-04-25 |
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