JP2622641B2 - Survey method of curved tunnel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring a deviation of an excavator from a plan curve when a tunnel excavator excavates a tunnel on a plan line.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a tunnel is excavated by a shield method, it is necessary to excavate the tunnel while accurately propelling the tunnel excavator along a planning line. Therefore, a target is conventionally mounted at a central portion of the tunnel excavator. On the other hand, a laser beam oscillation device is installed in the tunnel behind the excavator, a focused light beam from this device is matched with the tunnel excavation plan line, and the target is irradiated with the target, and the deviation amount of the center of the target with respect to the irradiation point, That is, the deviation of the excavator is detected, and the direction of the tunnel excavator is controlled so that the center of the target coincides with the focused light beam.

[0003]

However, according to the above-mentioned method, since the focused light beam is always irradiated on the tunnel excavation planning line, even if it can be applied to the excavation of a straight tunnel, it cannot be applied to a curved tunnel. It cannot be used for excavation. For this reason, when excavating a curved tunnel, the excavator measures the position and direction every time it excavates for a fixed length, for example, 1 m, and excavates while checking whether the excavation direction is correct. There is a problem that the excavator is frequently stopped every time, and the excavation efficiency of the tunnel is significantly reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide a curved tunnel surveying method capable of completely solving such a problem.

[0004]

To achieve the above object, according to the Invention The surveying method curved tunnel according to the invention, the tunnel
The distance between the excavation plan curve and the tunnel excavator
And the target <br/> bets which is disposed in a tunnel drilling machine for excavating the intersection and the plan curve direction at two points of the <br/> tunneling plan curve such that the effective width or effective diameter or the target was Set an intersecting baseline, irradiate a focused beam from the rear side of the tunnel excavator on this baseline, and excavate the tunnel excavator in the planned curve direction within the range where the focused beam irradiates the target, and the excavation distance and calculates the difference between the deviation amount and said population flux beam irradiation point and the deviation amount calculated by both deviation amount between the drilling plan curves between definitive targeted focusing beam irradiation point and the target center in excavating position tunneling Machine and drilling plan
The amount of deviation between the curves is determined, and then the excavation of the tunnel excavator is stopped before the focused light beam deviates from the target. And setting a new base line that intersects with the target disposed in the tunnel excavator that crosses in the planned curve direction.

[0005] The base line is defined as a central vertical distance at a portion where the distance between the tunnel excavation plan curve and the baseline is the maximum, and the central vertical distance is set within the effective width or the effective diameter of the target. It is preferable to determine the central angle of the planned curve portion between the intersections of the lines and set the angle of the two lines to the tangent at one of the intersections so that the angle is 1/2 of the central angle. The excavation of the curved tunnel is performed with one end of the target located outside the planned curve.

[0006]

A focused light beam is emitted from the back of the excavator at a predetermined angle so as to intersect the planned curve at two points and to intersect the target in the excavator. (Excavator center)
And the length of the excavator. Further, a distance between the irradiation point with respect to the target and a preset planning curve is calculated. The difference between the measured amount and the calculated amount is the amount of deviation of the excavator with respect to the planned curve. If these differences are zero, it is determined that the excavator is excavating on the planned curve, and the difference is a certain value. When the excavator is detected with a certain amount, the excavator is excavated while controlling the excursion amount in a direction in which the deviation amount is reduced, so that a curved tunnel according to a planned curve can be excavated.

[0007] When the excavator excavates while controlling the direction, the focused light beam irradiates a straight line and intersects the planned curve at two points, and the excavator advances along the planned curve. Sometimes, if the focused light beam is irradiated to one end of the target, the irradiation point of the focused light beam irradiated to the target during the excavation moves to the other end of the target, and then follows a path of returning to one end, Eventually, it will come off one end of the target.

When the irradiation of the focused light beam on the target is deviated, the measurement becomes impossible. Therefore, when the irradiation point reaches one end of the target, the excavation is temporarily stopped, and the installation position of the light irradiation device is shifted from the previous position to the front side. In the same manner as above, the target curve and the irradiation direction for the target are directed in the same manner as described above, and again, as described above, the amount of deviation between the focused light beam irradiation point for the target at the excavation position and the center of the target and the focused light beam The deviation amount between the irradiation point and the excavation plan curve is obtained, the difference between the two deviation amounts is measured, and the excavator is excavated along the plan curve while repeating this.

[0009]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
A target 2 is disposed on the shield excavator 1 in the shield excavator 1 on the shield excavator center axis X, and the center O of the target 2 is fixed so as to coincide with the center axis X. When a straight tunnel is excavated by the shield excavator 1, as shown in FIG. 1, a laser beam oscillation device as a focused light irradiation device 3 is installed in a straight tunnel T already excavated behind the shield excavator. The laser beam irradiation direction is matched with the tunnel excavation planning line Y.

In this state, the focused beam C is irradiated from the focused beam irradiation device 3 onto the target 2 in the shield excavator 1, and the deflection of the shield excavator 1 is measured from the irradiation point A and the target center O. Dig in. That is, the irradiation point A
Is coincident with the target center O, the shield excavator 1 is excavating on the excavation planning line Y,
When the irradiation point A deviates from the target center O, the shield excavator 1 excavates while controlling the direction in a direction in which the deviation decreases.

The measurement of the amount of deviation of the shield excavator 1 during the period from the straight tunnel to the initial stage of the excavation of the curved tunnel is the same as the conventional method, except that the focused ray C is always irradiated on the planning line Y. Therefore, it cannot be applied to the excavation of a curved tunnel. Therefore, the excavation of the curved tunnel is performed while performing the following surveying method.

First, as described above, the straight tunnel T is excavated along the planned straight line, and then, when the excavation planned line Y reaches a position where the tunnel is curved, as shown in FIGS. The shield excavator 1 excavates in the direction of the planned curve Y while irradiating the ray C on the center line of the straight tunnel. Then, the irradiation point A of the focused light beam C irradiating toward the center O of the target 2 is changed to the shield excavator 1.
Moves in a direction away from the center of the target 2 in accordance with the refraction and excavation of the target 2.

At this time, the excavation length L from the straight tunnel is measured, and the target center O and the irradiation point A of the focused light beam C are measured.
The deviation amount (distance a) between them is measured, and the deviation amount (separation distance b) between the position of the planned curve Y and the irradiation point A stored in the computer in advance is calculated. Further, when the difference between the deviation amount b and the deviation amount a is calculated, the difference becomes the deviation amount x of the shield excavator 1 with respect to the plan curve Y.

The shield excavator 1 is excavated along the planned curve Y while obtaining the deviation amount of the shield excavator 1 for each excavation of the desired tunnel length. As the excavation progresses, the irradiation point A of the focused light beam C on the target 2 gradually moves to one end of the target 2, and if it deviates from the target 2, it becomes impossible to measure, so that the irradiation point A reaches one end of the target 2. Then, the excavation of the shield excavator 1 is stopped.

Next, as described above, the irradiation point A of the focused ray C
When the light reaches one end of the target 2, the focused light irradiation device 3
Is installed at an appropriate place in the tunnel on the survey base line B such that the converging ray C intersects the two points c and d of the tunnel excavation planning curve Y and intersects the target 2 as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5, the survey baseline B is set assuming that the baseline B passes through two points c and d on the planned curve Y in front of the shield excavator 1.
When the portion where the distance between the arc curve between the two d and the base line B is the largest is defined as the central vertical distance M, the central vertical distance M is set to be within the effective width or the effective diameter of the target 2. The points c and d are set, and the center angle α of the arc curve is obtained. Further, the tangent to the point c on the curve near the stopped shield excavator 1 (the direction in which the shield excavator 1 excavates) and the surveying are performed. The calculation is performed by the computer so that the angle formed by the base line B is half the angle α and the survey base line B intersects the target 2.

Since the planning curve Y is programmed in the computer in advance, when the radius of the arc curve is R, the central vertical distance M = R (1−cos α / 2).
2, that is, the survey baseline B can be obtained. In this case, it is desirable to set the survey base line B so as to intersect one end of the effective diameter of the target 2 outside the arc curve. The focused beam irradiation device 3 is installed on the existing tunnel lining portion on the extension of the survey base line B thus set,
6 and 7, the shield excavator 1 excavates a curved tunnel along the planned curve Y by a desired length while irradiating the converging light beam C on the survey base line B from the apparatus.

At this time, in FIG. 7, similarly to the case shown in FIG. 3, the excavation distance (cumulative excavation distance) L from the straight tunnel is measured, and the intersection of the planned curve Y on the target 2 (determined from the computer). The deviation b between the intersection (coordinate value of the planned curve Y at the excavation distance L) and the intersection of the survey base line B (the irradiation point A of the converging light beam C) is calculated, and the irradiation point A of the center O of the target 2 and the converging light beam C is obtained. Is measured, and the difference between these two deviations is determined.

This difference is the excavation deviation of the shield excavator 1 with respect to the planned curve Y, and the excavator 1 excavates while controlling the direction along the planned curve Y based on the numerical value. After the excavation of the predetermined distance, the excavation deviation amount of the shield excavator 1 is measured again in the same manner as described above, and this is repeated, and one point c to the other point d of the arc curve of the plan curve Y intersecting the survey base line B. The shield excavator 1 is excavated until it reaches.

During this time, the focused ray C is irradiated on the straight line of the survey base line B and intersects the planned curve Y at two points, and the shield excavator 1 advances along the planned curve Y. If the focused light beam C is sometimes irradiated to one end of the target 2, the irradiation point A of the focused light beam C to be irradiated to the target 2 during the excavation moves to the other end of the target 2 and then to the one end again. And eventually comes off one end of the target 2.

If the irradiation of the focused light beam C on the target 2 is not performed, the measurement cannot be performed.
When the shield excavator 1 is returned to one end, the excavation of the shield excavator 1 is temporarily stopped, and the installation position of the light beam irradiation device 3 is moved from the previous position to an appropriate place of the front tunnel lining. On this occasion,
After setting the survey base line B in the same manner as described above and installing the light beam irradiation device 3 on the survey base line B, the shield excavator 1 excavates the tunnel along the planned curve Y again while controlling the direction. .

If the focused light beam C is set so as to irradiate, for example, the central portion of the target 2 when the survey baseline B is set, the distance of the central vertical distance M becomes small, and the curved excavator 1 forms a curved tunnel. Since the excavation length is shortened and the beam irradiation device 3 needs to be frequently changed, the irradiation point A is set so as to irradiate one end of the effective diameter of the target 2 in the initial stage of the excavation as described above. It is. In addition, if the target 2 is configured as a position sensor head composed of a large number of photoelectric elements, the above-described amount of deviation can be obtained electrically, and the target 2 can be connected to a computer to compare the amount of deviation by calculation. , The calculation can be easily performed, and the deviation of the planned curve Y and the excavator 1 can be immediately obtained, and the direction control device such as a directional control jack can be automatically controlled according to the deviation amount. It is.

In the above embodiment, it is preferable to use a target 2 integrally incorporating a convex lens 4 as shown in FIG. By arranging the convex lens 4 in the vicinity of the rear of the target 2 on the center line, the distance from the convex lens 4 to the survey point Z1 becomes X
1. The focal length of the convex lens 4 is f, and the focus Z is
If the distance to 2 was ^{X2, X2 = f 2 = /} (f + X1) to the relevant position of the can the target 2 disposed,
Target 2 compared to when surveying target 2 alone
Can be installed behind the survey point Z1 of the shield excavator 1. In this case, the central vertical distance M is set as the effective diameter of the convex lens 4.

[0024]

As described above, according to the curved tunnel surveying method of the present invention, the base line intersecting at two points of the tunnel excavation plan curve and intersecting with the target disposed in the tunnel excavator excavating in the plan curve direction. And irradiating a focused beam from the rear side of the tunnel excavator on the base line, excavating the tunnel excavator in the direction of the planned curve within a range where the focused beam irradiates the target, and setting the excavation distance and the excavation position. In order to measure the deviation between the focused beam irradiation point and the center of the target and the deviation between the focused beam irradiation point and the excavation planning curve, the difference between the two deviations is measured. The excavator can easily and accurately confirm the excursion amount of the excavator with respect to, and can excavate along the planned curve while predicting the excursion amount between the excavation direction and the planned curve.

Further, it is possible to lengthen the tunnel excavation length by the excavator in a state where the irradiation direction of the focused light beam is set to be constant, so that the number of times of changing the focused light beam irradiation device can be reduced, and in the meantime, Continuous excavation becomes possible while measuring the above-mentioned deviation amount, and the construction of the curved tunnel can be performed accurately and efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified longitudinal side view when a straight tunnel is excavated,

FIG. 2 is a simplified longitudinal side view for explaining a survey method at the beginning of a curved tunnel excavation;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional side view of a part thereof;

FIG. 4 is a simplified longitudinal side view when excavating a curved tunnel,

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a method of setting a survey baseline,

FIG. 6 is a simplified longitudinal side view for explaining a survey method in excavation of a curved tunnel,

FIG. 7 is a generous longitudinal side view of a part thereof,

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of survey points when a convex lens is used together with a target.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield excavator 2 Target 3 Focused light beam irradiation device O Target center A Irradiation point B Survey baseline Y Planning curve

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Fujio Sonobe 2-2-2 Matsuzakicho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi Okumura Gumi Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroyoshi Miyoshi 2-2-2 Matsuzakicho, Abeno-ku, Osaka Shares Company Okumura Gumi (56) References JP-A-54-131956 (JP, A)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] The distance between a tunnel excavation planning curve and a tunnel excavation plan is
Effective width or effective of target installed in tunnel excavator
Set baseline crossing the target is disposed on tunneling machine for excavating the intersection and the plan curve direction at two points of the tunnel excavation plan curve so that the diameter or less, behind the tunneling machine on this baseline its excavation distance by excavating the tunnel boring machine in the plan curve direction within a range in which said population bundle light while irradiating a focused light beam from the side illuminates the target, between definitive targeted focusing beam irradiation point and the target center in excavation position Calculating the difference between the two amounts of deviation and the amount of deviation between the focused beam irradiation point and the excavation planning curve
The amount of deviation between the tunnel excavator and the excavation plan curve is determined, and then the excavation of the tunnel excavator is stopped before the focused light beam deviates from the target. A method for surveying a curved tunnel, characterized by newly setting a baseline that intersects at two points of an excavation plan curve and intersects a target disposed in a tunnel excavator that excavates in the direction of the plan curve. 2. A portion where the distance between the tunnel excavation planning curve and the base line is maximum is defined as a central longitudinal distance, and the central longitudinal distance is set within an effective width or an effective diameter of the target. The center angle of the planned curve portion between the intersections is determined, and the base line is set in a direction in which the angle of one of the two lines with respect to the tangent line at one intersection is half the center angle, and the excavation plan is set on this base line. The method according to claim 1 , wherein one end of the target is located outside the curve. 3. A lens is disposed to the axis rearward of the target, the curve tunnel A surveying method according to claim 1 or 2 diameter of the convex lens is characterized in that the effective diameter of the central Tate距.