JP2622313B2 - How to build a building - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of constructing a building in which a structural member such as a pillar, a beam, a floor, etc. of a multi-layered ground building having a structure such as a steel frame or a steel reinforced concrete structure is constructed by a mechanical device. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of this type, a large-sized jack supporting a temporary shed is shortened, a permanent pillar is installed under the temporary shed, and this is fixed to a lower permanent pillar. The large jack is extended and mounted on the top of the main pillar, the load of the temporary shed is transmitted downward again, and this is repeated one by one to install a predetermined number of permanent pillars, A method has been proposed in which a beam is connected between the main columns to assemble an entire frame.

Further, a method has been proposed in which a climbing device for a temporary shed, a true pillar for transmitting a load, and a side pillar are combined and alternately pulled up to insert a permanent pillar. Furthermore, the part that will become the core of the building will be constructed in advance of the part, the structure that will eventually become the permanent roof will be suspended from this part, and the pillar will be constructed while sequentially lifting the structure Have been proposed.

[0004]

In the first and second examples, the temporary shed, which suspends the construction machine under the beam, supports the load on a temporary machine such as a large jack, a right pillar, a side pillar, or the like. ,
It is once supported by pillars and the like, and the installation is complicated by installing the pillars of the first floor at the bottom of the temporary building, so that the construction is complicated, and the pillars can always be installed only for the length of one floor.

In the third example, after the core portion is constructed by the conventional construction method, the remaining portion is pulled up by using the core portion as a guide, so that the mechanization and simultaneous construction of the entire building cannot be performed. The present invention has been proposed in view of the problems of the prior art described above, and its object is to mechanize the construction of buildings, reduce temporary and assembly costs, reduce labor, save weather, An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a building capable of performing work without being affected by the influence.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the construction method of a building according to the present invention, each of a pair of a top floor and a top floor which finally becomes a main beam is connected. In the meantime, a temporary gantry is installed, which is equipped with a self-climbing device that is supported and raised at the beam end protruding from the main pillar, and rails are respectively provided on the upper surface of the upper beam and the lower surface of the lower beam in the temporary gantry. Laying and running equipment on each rail or hanging under each rail, mounting equipment for material assembly, joining and joining, and assembling members such as columns, beams, floors, etc. with this equipment, assembling work for one layer When the completion is completed, the temporary gantry is raised via the self-climbing device, and the assembling operation is repeated.Then, the above-mentioned assembling operation is repeated to assemble members of a required number of floors. Connect to pillar as top floor beam It is intended.

[0007]

According to the present invention, between the floor set on the rooftop floor and the floor set on the top floor, which are ultimately the main beams, the beam is supported by the beam ends protruding from the main columns and raised. A climbing device is interposed to form an erecting gantry, and materials, transport, member assembly and joining equipment are movably mounted on rails laid on the upper surface of the upper beam and the lower surface of the lower beam. Run the equipment and use the erection gantry as a temporary stage from the ground surface,
Construction of members such as beams, floors, walls, etc., while joining columns of multiple floors length upwards, using the same pillars as guide posts, raising the temporary stage via the climbing device, When the building is constructed and reaches the top floor, the entire building is constructed by fixing the upper and lower floor sets of the temporary gantry to pillars to form a rooftop floor beam and a top floor beam, respectively.

[0008]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a building constructed by the present method, a plan view showing a temporary gantry constituting a temporary stage, and cranes or member mounting devices installed on the temporary gantry;
FIG. 2 is an elevational view showing the positional relationship between temporary gantry and equipment such as cranes on the ground surface.

The main pillar C in FIG. 1 and the first main unit C1 in FIG. 2 are the same, and after the foundation work is completed, the pillars are erected at all the pillar installation positions. Next, the temporary gantry S constituting the temporary stage is assembled with the height position indicated by the dotted line A in FIG. The temporary gantry S is composed of upper and lower floors which are the beams 1 and 2 on the roof floor and the beams 3 and 4 on the top floor. The temporary gantry S is climbed by supporting the load of the temporary gantry S on a bracket-shaped beam end protruding from the column C as described later.

[0010] The temporary gantry S and the self-climbing device K,
After completion of K ', the climbing devices K and K' are slightly raised, and the work machine W suspended under the beam and the rail R for running the same are mounted. Further, the work machine W and the rail R for running the work machine W installed on the beam are simultaneously mounted. When this installation is completed and adjustment and maintenance are completed so that the self-climbing device K and the work machine W under and above the beam can all perform their normal functions, construction of the building is started.

First, when the temporary gantry S is located at the position shown in FIG. 2, a concrete form such as a pillar C or a wall of the first layer is installed (not shown) P
If it is necessary to install a C-plate (not shown), work is performed by the work machine W below the beam, and after completion, the temporary gantry S is moved up to the position of FIG. To raise. The first unit C1 of the main pillar is 1st floor ~
Since the length of three floors is set as necessary, when the joining of the second column unit C2 becomes necessary, the unit C2 is suspended by the work machine W1 on the beam as shown in FIG. Then, the unit C1 is joined, and each unit is joined upward.

The work at the position shown in FIG. 3 is performed by assembling and joining members G such as a work machine W under the beam, a beam on the second floor, a floor stair, etc., and a concrete casting of the column C on the first floor in addition to the joint of the column C. ,
Concrete is placed on the second floor. Further, when the temporary gantry S is raised to the position shown in FIG. 4, the work robot F performs the finishing work and the equipment work for the portion where the construction has already been completed as the structure B at the same time as the work at the position shown in FIG.

When the work performed by the work machine W under the beam is completed while simultaneously performing the work shown in FIG. 4, the temporary gantry S
Works sequentially to the upper floor, and when the uppermost floor is reached, the self-climbing devices K and K 'are removed, and the beams 1 and 2 on the roof floor and the beams 3 and 4 on the top floor are joined and fixed to the columns C, respectively. Since the construction of body B is completed, self-climbing device K,
K ', the work machine W under the beam and the work machine W and the rail R on the beam are removed and carried out of the building.

Finishing, facility construction, etc. are continued to complete the building. The outline of the construction method of the present invention has been described above. Next, the mechanism of each unit will be described. Figures 5, 7, 8,
In 12, 13, 14 and 15, the self-climbing device K is provided with supporting beams 7 and 8 supported by auxiliary girders 5 or 6 joined to the upper beam 1 or the lower beam 3 of the temporary gantry S. The upper end and the lower end of the rod 10 to which the ratchet 9 is attached are fixed in all directions, so that the load required for climbing the temporary gantry S can be safely transmitted.

A bracket-shaped beam end 1 protruding from a column C
A pair of right and left claws 14 and 14 ′ is mounted on a shaft 15, 1
It is rotatably mounted by 5 '. The pair of claws 14, 14 'are pressed by springs (not shown) so as to fall down in a direction approaching each other, so that the ratchet 9 is sandwiched and pressed. or,
The jacks 16 and 16 'are fixed on the lower deck support 13 and the upper decks 1 and 16 are located above the jacks 16 and 16'.
7 and 17 'are fixed.
The pawls 18 and 18 'and the shafts 19 and 19' springs (not shown) are attached to the 7 'in the same manner as the lower jack support 13 and sandwich the ratchet 9. (See FIGS. 7 and 8) Therefore, when the rod 10 is raised, the ratchet 9 is
After climbing over 14 ', 18, and 18', claws 14, 14, 14 ', 18, and 18' engage the ratchet 9 to fix the rod 10.

A hydraulic device 20 driven by electric drive is mounted on the lower jack support 13 to supply pressure oil to the jacks 16 and 16 'to drive the self-climbing device K. Climbing device K, K '
In this case, it is also possible to omit one hydraulic device 20 and supply pressure oil to both the jacks 16, 16 'with a single hydraulic device 20. Does not generate a pressure difference, the beam 1 of the temporary gantry S,
Unnecessary bending stress can be prevented from being generated between 2, 3, and 4. The self-climbing device not provided with the hydraulic device 20 is designated as K '.

According to the above system, the jack units J and J 'are first installed at the positions shown in FIG. 7 and the hydraulic unit 20 is driven to extend the jacks 16 and 16'.
Supported by the jack lower support 13, the jacks 16, 16 '
Is fixed to the column C via the beam end 11 and the receiving column 12 projecting from the column and is immovable.
The upper part of 6 'will extend upward. Claws 18, 1
8 'meshes with the ratchet 9 to support the load and the whole rod 10 rises. This means that the entire temporary gantry S is pushed up via the receiving beam 7 and the auxiliary girders 5 and 6. At this time, since the pawls 14 and 14 'are not moved and the entire ratchet 9 rises, if the ratchet 9 is moved up by one stroke, the pawls 14 and 14' are engaged with the ratchet below. After confirming by a limit switch or the like (not shown) that all the claws 14 and 14 'are completely engaged with the next ratchet 9, the jacks 16 and 16' are provided.
Is shortened, the ratchet 9 meshed with the claws 18, 18 'is obtained.
And the rod 10 descend together, so that the claws, 14, 1
The gap between the 4 'and the ratchet 9 disappears and the claws 14, 1
The 4 'and the ratchet 9 mesh with each other, and the load is supported by the claws 14, 14'. When the jacks 16, 16 'are further shortened, the pawls 18, 18' separate from the ratchet 9 and the supporting load is eliminated. Further, the jacks 16 and 16 'are shortened, and the upper jacket receiving beam 17 is lowered to pull the claws 18 and 18' one stroke below the ratchet 9. All claws 18, 18 '
Is confirmed by a limit switch or the like (not shown) after it is surely moved under the next ratchet 9, and then the jack is extended again to raise the claws 18, 18 '. This is a cycle step of raising the ratchet one stage, and by repeating this several times of the necessary number of ratchets 9, the temporary stage S can be raised to a predetermined height. (Figure 1
FIGS. 2 to 15) FIGS. 14, 15 show the state of the ascending completion point. Since the steps of the ratchet 9 can be accurately machined for all the devices, the difference in the ascending process of one step cannot exceed the size of the steps of the ratchet 9, and the self-climbing device of each column C has a hydraulic pressure. Since the device 20 is made independent and electrically driven, there is no large difference in the ascending speed due to the supporting load. Therefore, sufficient safety can be ensured in the case of a steel frame structure without installing a horizontal position control mechanism.

When the first floor has been lifted, the jacks 16, 16 ', the jacking system J including the hydraulic device, and the jacking system J' without the hydraulic device are temporarily set in order to return to the initial position. The load on the gantry S is shown in FIG.
The column C is once received by the receiving beam 21 shown in FIG. This will be described later. After the self-climbing device K is released from the lifting load, the claws 14, 14 ', 18, and 18' are appropriately set with jigs (not shown) in FIGS.
, So as to open each other, and securely detach from the ratchet 9. The hoist 24 is driven via the wire 22 and the roller 23 to raise the jacking systems J and J 'upward by the distance L1, and the claws 14, 14', 1
The nail opening jigs attached to 8, 18 'are removed, and the claws 14, 14', 18, 18 'are engaged with the ratchet 9 to prepare for the next ascent.

This is one step of ascending one floor. Next, a mechanism for temporarily attaching the temporary gantry 5 with the load receiving beam 21 will be described. In FIGS.
The beam is kept in the state of 21 'until the beam rises to the upper end of the beam end 11, but the lifting is completed, and the beams 2, 4 are positioned slightly above, and the beam 21' is moved from the opposite side of the column C from the opposite side. It is moved to a position indicated by 21 horizontally by a jack (not shown) or other means toward the column C and is supported on the beam end 11 and tightened on the beams 2 and 4 with bolts 25 to reduce the load on the temporary gantry S. In this state, the work machine W is operated and constructed by transmitting it to the frame of the safe building and stabilizing it. When the temporary gantry S is lifted, the temporary gantry S is set at a position 21 'from the receiving beam 21.

Next, the work machine and the rail R will be described. In FIG. 1, the work machine W and the rail R are expressed by using both the upper and lower surfaces of the temporary gantry S in common. Carrying, assembling, joining, etc., and performing work such as a robot that performs various operations such as a robot that performs direct start, remote control, and automatic operation by human power, runs on the rail R or runs under the rail R for construction.

Next, the final processing of the temporary gantry S will be described. In FIGS. 6, 9, 10, and 11, the beams 1 and 3 are provided with the complementary beam 26 and the beam end 11 after the self-climbing device K is removed. It is inserted and joined by bolting welding or the like to form a main building beam. The beams 2 and 4 are directly joined by bolting welding or the like, the bolt 25 is removed, and the receiving beam 21 is removed. To complete the structure.

In FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 11, section a represents the portion of the temporary gantry S, section b represents the partial section C of the main column c, and the complementary beam 26 represents the complementary beam 26.

[0023]

According to the present invention, as described above, the temporary gantry serving as the temporary stage during the construction work of the building is used as the floor of the main rooftop and the top floor, so that the temporary gantry can be placed on the ground after the completion of the construction. The only materials to be collected are construction equipment, which significantly simplifies construction and eliminates the need for temporary pillars.
Excellent economy and high safety.

Further, according to the present invention, the columns can be freely selected to have a length of a plurality of floors, so that the number of joints is reduced, and the construction accuracy, workability and economy are greatly improved. Furthermore, at the time of construction, since the temporary gantry is always located on the uppermost layer, work is performed even in rainy weather.In addition, various devices traveling under the temporary gantry have indoor-type specifications to reduce the occurrence of failures and reduce construction costs. It can save money.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the relationship between a plane of a building constructed by a method of the present invention, a temporary gantry, and machines installed on the temporary gantry.

FIG. 2 is an elevation view showing a positional relationship between a temporary gantry and construction equipment on a ground surface portion.

FIG. 3 is an elevation view showing a state in which a temporary gantry has risen by one floor.

FIG. 4 is an elevation view illustrating a construction state of a lower part of the temporary gantry when the temporary gantry is further raised by one floor.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a relationship between a pillar, a temporary gantry, and a self-climbing device.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state in which a column and a beam are joined after reaching a top of a temporary gantry, removing a self-climbing device, and removing the self-climbing device.

FIG. 7 is an elevation view showing a state before the temporary gantry is raised.

FIG. 8 is a view taken along the arrow in FIG. 7;

9 is a roll view as seen in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a view as viewed from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 6;

FIG. 11 is a view taken in the direction of arrows in FIG. 6;

FIG. 12 is an elevational view showing a state where the temporary gantry has risen to the middle of the floor.

FIG. 13 is a view as viewed from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is an elevation view showing a state in which the temporary gantry has completed ascending to the next floor.

FIG. 15 is a view in the arrow direction of FIG. 14;

[Explanation of symbols]

 B Structure C Main column C1 Main column first unit C2 Main column second unit F Working robot G member J Jack unit J 'Jack unit K Self climbing device K' Self climbing device R Rail S Temporary gantry W Work machine 1 Roof Floor beam 2 Top floor beam 3 Top floor beam 4 Top floor beam 5 Auxiliary girder 6 Auxiliary girder 7 Receiving beam 8 Receiving beam 9 Ratchet 10 Rod 11 Beam end 12 Receiving beam 13 Lower receiving beam 14 Claw 14 ′ Claw 15 Axis 15 'Axis 16 Jack 16' Jack 17 Receiving beam 17 'Receiving beam 18 Claw 18' Claw 19 Axis 19 'Axis 20 Hydraulic device 21 Receiving 21' Receiving beam 22 Wire 23 Roller 24 Hoist 25 Bolt 26 Complementary beam

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masamasa Nakata 4-6-115 Sendagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Fujitanai Co., Ltd. (72) Osamu Nagayasu 4-6-115 Sendagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Co., Ltd. In Fujita (72) Inventor Noboru Nonoyama 4-6-15 Sendagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Fujita Incorporated (56) References JP-A-4-237764 (JP, A) JP-A-4-146345 (JP, A JP-A-4-94390 (JP, A) JP-A-3-257236 (JP, A) JP-A-3-81434 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A self-climbing device, which is supported by an end of a beam protruding from a main pillar, and is mounted between a roof group and a floor group that finally become a main beam. A temporary gantry is constructed, and rails are respectively laid on the upper surface of the upper beam and the lower surface of the lower beam in the temporary gantry, and the material is transported on each rail or suspended under the rail. Mount the equipment, assemble the pillars, beams, floor and other members by the same equipment, when the assembly work for one layer is completed, raise the temporary gantry via the self-climbing device and repeat the assembly work, A method of constructing a building, comprising: assembling members of a required number of floors by repeating the above-mentioned assembling work, and finally joining the temporary gantry to a pillar as a beam on a rooftop floor and a top floor.