JP2614714B2 - Roughing method by copying - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a profiling method using a profiling control device, and particularly to profiling in which profiling can be easily and quickly performed when there is a large amount of margin. Related to processing method.

Conventional technology When performing copying, when there is a lot of work
First, roughing must be performed.However, the conventional roughing method shifts the relative position of the stylus and cutter of the tracer head, gives a constant cutting amount, performs copying, and repeats this operation in order. And a method of restricting the stroke of the stylus and the cutter, performing processing, and sequentially lowering the cutter position to perform roughing.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the roughing method as described above, adjustment of the relative position between the stylus and the cutter, and setting of the stroke of the stylus and the cutter, etc., must be performed one by one. The disadvantage is that it takes a lot of time and labor.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a roughing method in copying that can easily and quickly perform roughing in copying.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention uses an end mill as a tool, and after positioning the tracer head and the end mill at the set processing start position above the model and the work, lowers the tracer head and the end mill together with the above. When the end mill is driven to roughen the work, and the tracer head detects the surface of the model, the tracer head and the end mill are raised to a predetermined position, and the length of the model is measured by a length in one direction in a plane perpendicular to the tracer head of the model. It is determined whether or not the roughing processing has been performed. If it is determined that the roughing processing has not been performed, the model and the work are shifted in the one direction by the set shift amount relative to the tracer head and the end mill, and the roughing is performed. The drilling is repeated, and if it is determined that the roughing has been performed by the length in one direction, The shift is performed by a set shift amount in the other direction on the plane perpendicular to the Dell tracer head, and the processing is repeatedly executed until the work area corresponding to the entire area of the model is roughly machined. In this case, even if the roughing is performed by reciprocating in one direction, the roughing is performed only in one direction in one direction.

Operation While rotating the end mill G, the tracer head and the end mill are lowered in the direction of the model, the work is roughened by the end mill G, and when the tracer head detects the model surface, the tracer head and the end mill are raised, and the tracer head of the model is raised. If the roughing has not been performed for the length in one direction in the plane perpendicular to the model, the tracer head and end mill are lowered again in the model direction to perform the roughing, and the roughing is performed for the length in one direction. When this is done, the workpiece is moved in the other direction by the set shift amount, roughing is performed in the same manner, and by repeating this, roughing is performed on the workpiece in an area corresponding to the entire model area.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a microprocessor (hereinafter referred to as a CPU), 2 is a ROM for storing a control program, and 3 is a machining program and machining conditions and various set values. Non-volatile RAM, 4 is a RAM used for temporary storage of data, etc., 7 is an operation panel for inputting various commands and set values, 5 is an output circuit, 6 is an input circuit, 8 is a bus, 10 is a pulse distributor. , 11X, 11Y, 11Z are pulse distributors 10
Error registers 12X, 12Y, 12Z that calculate and store in real time the difference Ex, Ey, Ez between the number of distributed pulses XP, YP, ZP generated from the number of pulses Xf, Yf, Zf generated by actual movement, and 12X, 12Y, 12Z
Is a DA converter that generates an analog voltage proportional to the difference Ex, Ey, Ez, 13X, 13Y, 13Z is a gate circuit, 14X, 14Y, 14Z is a synthesis circuit, 15X, 15Y, 15Z is a servo amplifier, 16X, 16Y, 16Z is an X-axis motor, Y-axis motor, Z-axis motor, and 17X, 17Y, and 17Z are one pulse Xf, Yf, Zf each time the corresponding motor rotates a predetermined angle.
Is a pulse generator. 23 is the X-axis motor 16
A table driven in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by the X and Y-axis motors 16Y, 20 is a model fixed to the table, 18 is a tracer head, 19 is a stylus, 21 is a work fixed to the table 23, 22 is a cutter.

Although the configuration of the copying control device as described above is already known, the present invention is directed to performing roughing using an end mill for the cutter 22 in the above-described configuration. The principle is shown in FIG.

First, move the table 23 to the machining start position (X0, Y
0), the stylus 19 and the end mill 22 are positioned at the approach start point Z0 point on the Z axis, and the end mill 22 is moved.
And the Z-axis motor 16Z is driven to approach the stylus 19 to the model 20 surface. In the meantime, the work 21 is processed by the end mill 22. When the approach is completed, the work 21 is moved to the approach starting point Z0 by the Z-axis and released.
Move by the fixed shift amount SX set in the axial direction, approach the model 20 again, and perform the same operation as described above. When this operation is repeated and the total amount 1 is performed in the X-axis direction of the model 20, then a certain shift amount in the Y-axis direction is obtained.
Move only SY and approach as before. Next, it is moved in the X-axis direction by a fixed shift amount SX in the direction opposite to the previous one,
The approach is performed in the same manner as described above, and this is sequentially repeated, and the approach is sequentially performed in the opposite direction from the previous one by the machining start point X0 of the X-axis, that is, the total amount 1 of the model 20 in the X-axis direction. Similarly, in the X-axis direction,
Model 20 while shifting by a certain amount SX and SY in the Y-axis direction
By repeating the above-described approach operation for the length L in the Y-axis direction, the end mill 22 processes each of the workpieces 21 to form a roughened surface on the workpiece 21 surface in a shape equivalent to the model 20 surface. The Rukoto.

The operation of the roughing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, the Z-axis coordinate position of the approach start point from the operation panel 7
When Z0, the shift amount SX in the X-axis direction SX, the shift amount SY in the Y-axis direction, and the total movement amounts l, L in the X-axis and Y-axis directions are set and stored in the RAM 3, and a rough start command is input. The CPU 1 drives the X-axis and Y-axis motors 16X and 16Y to move the table 23 to the machining start position (X0, Y0).
Is positioned at rapid traverse, and the Z-axis motor 16Z is also driven to position it at the approach start point Z0 (step S1). Next, the direction flag F is set to "1" (as described later, when the direction flag F is "1", it means the plus direction of the X axis, and when it is "0", it means the minus direction. )
(Step S2). The model 20 has a length l in the plus direction of the X-axis and a length L in the plus direction of the Y-axis. Next, the CPU 1 outputs an approach speed command Vz via the output circuit 5, drives the Z-axis motor 16Z, moves the tracer head 18 and the end mill 22 in the −Z-axis direction, and also outputs a spindle motor (not shown). )
Is driven to rotate the end mill 22 (step S3).
As a result, the end mill 22 descends while cutting the work 21. When the Z-axis motor 16Z is driven, plus and minus pulses generated by the pulse generator 17Z are input through the input circuit 6, and the current value of the Z-axis provided in the RAM 3 is stored in the current value register RZ. Is stored. The current value registers RX and RY are also stored in RAM3 for the X and Y axes.
Is provided, counts the output pulses from the pulse generators 17X and 17Y, and stores the current value.
Since there is no movement in the X and Y axis directions during the processing of S3, the initially set values of X0 and Y0 are respectively stored. In this way, the tracer head 18 is moved, and the stylus 19 detects the surface of the model 20. When the approach point is reached, the tracer head 18 is moved.
Since the displacement signal ε (= εX ² + εY ² + εZ ² ) output from is larger than a predetermined value, when this is detected (step
S4) The Z-axis motor 16Z is rotated in the reverse direction to move the tracer head 18 and the end mill 22 in the + Z-axis direction to move to the approach start point Z0 (step S5). Next, it is determined whether or not the direction flag F is "1" (step S6). Since it is initially set to "1" in step S2, the process proceeds to step S7, where the value of the current value register RX of the X-axis is set. Is determined to be equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding the total length 1 in the X-axis direction of the model 20 set to the X-axis coordinate position X0 at the start of machining (step S7), and the value of the current value register RX is initially set to X0 of the initial value. Therefore, since the value of the current value register RX of the X axis is smaller, the process proceeds to step S8, and the CPU 11 sets the plus value corresponding to the shift amount SX in the X axis direction set by the pulse distributor 10 via the output circuit 5. A gate circuit that outputs the number of distribution pulses XP in the direction to the error register 11X and is opened by a signal GX output from the output circuit 5.
The pulse Xf from the X-axis pulse generator 17X is input to the error register 11X via 13X, and the error register 11X calculates the difference between the number of distribution pulses XP and the number of pulses Xf from the pulse generator 17X. The difference is converted into an analog voltage by the DA converter 12X, and the X-axis motor 16X is driven via the synthesizing circuit 14X and the servo circuit 15X, and the table 23 is shifted by the shift amount SX set in the X-axis plus direction. Direction (Step S
8), repeat the processing of step S3 and subsequent steps again. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the tracer head 18 is shifted from the machining start point (X0, Y0) by the shift amount SX in the X-axis direction.
Is moved at the approach speed to approach the model 20, while the end mill 22 cuts the workpiece 21. Thus, the stylus 19 of the tracer head 18
Moves to the total length l of the model 20 in the X-axis direction or more, and when the current value register RX of the X-axis becomes equal to or more than the value (X0 + 1) obtained by adding the total length l of the model 20 in the X-axis direction to the machining start position X0 (step S7). ), CPU1 sets the value of the current value register RY in the Y-axis direction to Y
It is determined whether or not the value is equal to or greater than a value obtained by adding the length L in the Y-axis direction of the model 20 set to the machining start coordinate position Y0 of the axis (step S).
9) At first, the value of the current value register RY is Y0 and does not exceed the value, and the process proceeds to step S10, where the CPU 1 sets the shift amount SY in the Y-axis direction set via the output circuit 5 and the pulse distributor 10 to the value. The corresponding number of distribution pulses YP in the Y direction in the plus direction is output to the error register 11Y, and from the Y-axis pulse generator 11Y via the gate circuit 13Y opened by the signal GY output from the output circuit 5. Is input to the error register 11Y, and the error register 11Y calculates the difference between the number of distribution pulses YP and the number of pulses Yf from the pulse generator 17Y, and converts the difference to an analog voltage by the DA converter 12Y. Convert and combine circuit 14Y,
The Y-axis motor 16Y is driven via the servo circuit 15Y to move the table 23 by the set shift amount SY in the Y-axis plus direction (step S10). Next, the direction flag is inverted ("1" is inverted to "0" or "0" is inverted to "1") (step S11), and the processing of step S3 and subsequent steps is performed again. Since the direction flag F has been inverted to "0", the process proceeds to step S12, where the X-axis current value register RX stores the machining start X-axis coordinate position X0.
It is determined whether or not: That is, the machining is performed in the plus direction of the X axis up to the total length 1 in the X axis direction of the model 20 and shifted by the shift amount + SY in the Y axis direction. Therefore, the current value register RX of the X axis is the machining start X axis coordinate position. Since the number of pulses Xf corresponding to the total length l from the pulse generator 16X on the X axis is added to X0, and the value of the current value register RX is larger,
Proceed to S13, and shift the X axis by the shift amount S as described in step S8.
Move only X, but this time move X-axis motor 1 in the minus direction.
6X is driven, the table 23 is moved in the negative direction by the shift amount SX, and the processing in step S3 and subsequent steps is performed again. That is,
Repeat the processing of steps S3, S4, S5, S6, S12, S13,
While shifting the tracer head 18 in the minus direction of the X axis by the shift amount SX, the tracer head is adjusted according to the approach speed.
Work 21 by end mill 22 while approaching 18
Will be cut. Processing proceeds in this way, step
When the value of the X-axis current value register RX becomes equal to or less than the processing start X-axis coordinate position X0 in S12, the process proceeds to step S9, and the processes in steps S9 to S11 described above are performed. That is, if the value of the Y-axis current value register RY is not equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding the total length L of the model 20 in the Y-axis direction set to the machining start coordinate position Y0 of the Y-axis, the table 23 is shifted in the Y-axis direction. After shifting by the amount + SY, the direction flag F is inverted, and the processing of step S3 and subsequent steps is performed.

In this way, from the machining start X, Y axis coordinate position (X0, Y0),
Processing is performed at the approach speed until the approach is completed, and then the same processing is performed by shifting the shift amount SX set in the X-axis plus direction, and when the processing is completed over the entire length l of the model 20 in the X-axis direction, The same processing is performed by shifting the shift amount SY set in the Y-axis direction, and then the same processing is performed by shifting the shift amount SX in the negative direction of the X-axis. When the processing is completed, the shift is performed again by the shift amount SY in the Y-axis direction, and the same processing is performed again. Thus, while reciprocating in the X-axis direction,
Processing is performed along the model shape at the approach speed by sequentially shifting in the axial direction, and finally, in step S9, Y
When the value of the axis current value register RY becomes equal to or greater than the value obtained by adding the total length L of the model 20 in the Y-axis direction to the machining start Y-axis coordinate position Y0, that is, the machining proceeds sequentially, and When the processing is completed for the entire length L, the roughing processing ends.

In the above embodiment, the moving is performed in the Y-axis direction while reciprocating in the X-axis direction. However, the moving may be performed in the X-axis direction while reciprocating in the Y-axis direction. That is, the X axis and the Y axis may be interchanged in the above embodiment.

Further, in the above embodiment, the processing by the approach is performed during the reciprocating operation. However, the processing may be performed only in the one-way direction and the model surface may be sequentially copied. That is, for example, machining by the approach is performed while sequentially shifting in the plus direction of the X axis as described above, and when the full amount machining of the model in the X axis direction is completed, the machining is returned to the machining start point position on the X axis, and After a certain amount of shift, the same processing is performed again in the X-axis plus direction. This operation may be repeated to copy the model surface.

When the workpiece to be machined is long in one axis direction and short in the other axis direction, machining may be performed only in one axis direction. For example, it is long in the X axis direction and long in the Y axis direction. If the machining is short and the machining is completed by one roughing, it is not necessary to shift in the Y-axis direction, and the roughing may be performed by repeating the above-described operation only once in the X-axis direction.

Effect of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the workpiece is automatically roughened by the end mill according to the model shape by repeating the vertical movement of the tracer head and the end mill, so that the processing speed of the rough processing is improved. Roughing can be performed easily.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the operation principle of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an operation flowchart of the above embodiment of the present invention. 10… Pulse distributor, 11X, 11Y, 11Z …… Error register, 1
2X, 12Y, 12Z ... DA converter, 13X, 13Y, 13Z ... Gate circuit, 15X, 15Y, 15Z ... Servo amplifier, 16X, 16Y, 16Z ... X,
Y and Z axis motors, 17X, 17Y, 17Z …… Pulse generator, 18…
... tracer head, 20 ... model, 21 ... work, 22 ...
… End mill.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A copying method for copying a model shape by a tracer head and processing a workpiece according to the model shape based on a signal from the tracer head, wherein an end mill is used as a tool, (a) above the model and the workpiece (B) lowering the tracer head and the end mill and driving the end mill and roughing the work; and (c) the tracer head is the model. (E) determining whether or not roughing has been performed by a length in one direction on a plane perpendicular to the model tracer head when the surface of the tracer head and the end mill are detected to a predetermined position; (E) If it is determined that roughing has not been performed for the length in one direction, (F) shifting the work relative to the tracer head and the end mill by the set shift amount in the one direction; and (f) starting from (b) until it is determined that the roughing has been performed by the length in the one direction. (G) a step of repeatedly executing the steps up to (e); (g) when it is determined in the step (d) that the roughing has been performed by the length in one direction, the rough processing is performed on a plane perpendicular to the tracer head of the model. A step of shifting by the set shift amount in the other direction and repeatedly executing the steps (b) to (f) until the corresponding steps correspond to the entire region of the model. 2. The roughing process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (g), the shift is performed in the other direction by a set shift amount and the shift is performed in the one direction by the length of the one direction. Drilling method.