JP2608496B2 - Solid-liquid separation method using filter media - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing facility for livestock houses, agricultural and livestock products, a sewage treatment plant, a human waste treatment plant,
A solid-liquid filter medium that is installed in the middle of the inflow path to the sewage purification treatment facility at the fertilizer factory, rendering plant, fishmeal factory, etc., or in the middle of the drainage path of treated water to remove solids in the wastewater or treated water. It relates to a separation method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method for solid-liquid separation of wastewater as described above, precipitation separation, flotation separation, centrifugal separation, filtration, drying and the like are generally known. Among these methods, there are a method of utilizing gravity, a method of using pressure and centrifugal force, and the like. In many cases, a drug is used in combination except for a part of gravity filtration. The present invention relates to a gravity filtration method. However, sand, sawdust and the like are conventionally used as a filter material (filter material), and sewage is poured into a filtration tank in which 30 to 100 cm is deposited, and sewage is discharged in the vicinity of the deposition surface. The solid matter is captured, and the solid matter is removed manually after drying in the sun to restore the filtration ability.

[0003]

Therefore, the restoration of the filtration capacity differs depending on the solar drying period, that is, the drying capacity varies depending on the season and region (in winter, about 1/3 to 1/5 of that in summer).
) And its drying ability is extremely low compared to other drying methods (water-evaporating capacity per square meter of filter bed in winter is about 1.5 to 2.0 kg per day). There is a problem that the tank facility scale becomes large. Also,
The pores in the filter tank are blocked by solids of a small particle size that are not filtered on the surface of the filter tank and microorganisms that grow in the filter tank, and the filtering capacity gradually decreases. There is a problem that it has to be replaced.
As described above, in the conventional gravity filtration method using a filter medium such as sand and sawdust, the filtration efficiency is reduced due to the clogging of the solid material retained by filtration on the surface and inside of the filter medium, thereby reducing the size of the treatment facility. There are limits. Therefore, the present invention aims to decompose and remove solids and the like by performing aerobic fermentation treatment of the solids retained on the surface and inside of the filter medium by filtration together with the filter medium, thereby improving the processing efficiency, shortening the processing time, and improving the processing facilities. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new solid-liquid separation method that enables reduction.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: Using a substantially uniform organic material with excellent water permeability and air permeability as a filter medium for filtration, spraying livestock manure containing solid matter on the upper part of the filter tank where the filter medium is deposited, and filtering wastewater at the filter medium part By holding most of the solid matter contained in the wastewater at the top of the sedimentary filter medium, the filtrate is discharged below the mesh layer at the bottom of the filter tank, and the filter medium part at the top of the filter tank holding the solid matter,
Is disposed above the filtration tank, a carriage movable back and forth and left and right above the filtration tank, stirred and the stirring and turning-back device consisting of a stirring and turning-back portion attached to be vertically moved in this truck
Network layer stirred and crosscut to the vicinity of the turning-back portion, also with forced aeration from the lower network layer is aerobic fermentation solids that cause clogging held in the filter medium unit, - decomposing the majority
Remove and stir / turn back to near the mesh layer of the filter media
That the filtration capacity is maintained in conjunction with Instead of the stirring and turning-back depth and position by Ru <br/> the stirring and turning-back portion of the stirring and turning-back device in the filtration tank, stirring shaft lower tip and unstirred of clogging layer is prone stirring and turning-back portion The layer between the filter medium portion is crushed and stirred to the vicinity of the mesh layer, to promote the decomposition of solids by aerobic fermentation treatment, to prevent a decrease in filtration capacity, and to maintain the filtration capacity. Each is characterized.

[0005]

In the solid-liquid separation method using the filter medium of the present invention by the above-mentioned means, the solid matter clogged in a part of the filter medium in the filter tank, which causes a decrease in filtration capacity, is decomposed by aerobic fermentation treatment. A decrease in filtration capacity is prevented, and the filtration capacity is maintained. In addition, the clogging part that moves sequentially to the lower layer is stirred and turned while changing the working depth of the stirring and turning device,
Again, a decrease in the filtration capacity is prevented, and the filtration capacity is maintained.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The solid-liquid separation device (filtration tank) shown in FIG. 1 is for implementing the solid-liquid separation method of the present invention, and may have another configuration. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a filter medium, 2 denotes a stirring / turning device, 3 denotes a sewage spray pipe, 4 denotes a ventilation blower, 5 denotes a stirring shaft, 6 denotes a stirring shaft vertical moving device, 7 denotes a cold gauze, 8 denotes a stainless steel mesh, 9 is a stand, 10 is a filtrate water distribution pipe, and 11 is a filtrate receiving tank. Stirring
The turning-over device 2 is configured such that the support frame 2a can move left and right with respect to the upper edge 9a of the gantry 9 by means of left and right moving wheels 12 and 12 and can be moved back and forth by means of front and rear moving wheels 13 and 13 with respect to the support frame 2a. It is movably supported.

The filter medium 1 is made of a material having excellent water permeability and air permeability, such as auxiliary materials for water adjustment (sawdust, rice hull, zeolite, perlite, etc.) used in aerobic fermentation treatment of livestock dung and the like. These filter media 1 are deposited on a cooling gauze 7 and a stainless steel net 8 which are stretched at the bottom of a filtration tank placed on a gantry 9 with a ventilation gap from the ventilation blower 4 opened, and sprinkled with sewage from above. The sewage is sprayed through the pipe 3 and filtered. That is, the solid matter is held on the surface of the sedimentary filter medium 1 or inside the sedimentary filter medium 1, and the filtrate having a low solid matter content is discharged from the cold gauze 7 and the stainless steel net 8 into the lower gap, and the filtrate receiving tank 11 is passed through the filtrate water distribution pipe 10. It is stored in.

[0008] However, if this treatment is continued, the retained solids block the space between the filter media 1 and cause clogging, resulting in a decrease in filtration capacity. Accordingly, the stirring and turning-back device 2 attached, the front-rear by the horizontal drive wheels 12, 12 and longitudinal movement wheels 13 and 13, while moving of <br/> to the left and right, stirred and clogging portion in the stirring shaft 5 By turning back, so-called composting (aerobic fermentation treatment), the porosity of the filter medium 1 in that part is increased, and air is passed through the lower gap of the cold gauze 7 and the stainless steel mesh 8 at the bottom of the piled filter medium 1. Aeration is forced by a blower 4 to supply oxygen (air) to the filter medium 1 to promote aerobic fermentation. As a result of this operation, the easily decomposable substance in the solid material that caused the clogging is decomposed and generates heat, the water in the material is evaporated, and the dry matter (solid matter) is reduced due to the decomposition of the solid matter. The clogging phenomenon is removed, and the filtration ability is restored.

Further, when the filtration capacity is further reduced while maintaining the current stirring depth, the stirring / turning device 2 is used.
The depth of stirring / turning by the stirring shaft 5 is increased by extending the stirring shaft vertical movement device 6, and clogging is caused by the movement of the left and right moving wheels 12, 12 and the front and rear moving wheels 13, 13 in the forward and backward and left and right directions. Stir shaft 5
To eliminate the cause. The dimensions of the filter medium 1 used for this purpose are about 0.1 mm (minimum dimension of sawdust) because extremely fine ones are easily clogged and extremely large ones cannot be filtered.
最大 5.0 mm (maximum size of rice husk), and the deposition height of the filter medium 1 is about 0.5 to 5.0 m as viewed from a practical point of view. The space between the filter material 1 and the filter medium 1 is reduced so that fine solids in the sewage can be filtered. Therefore, in a filtration tank using the filter medium 1 or the like, it is possible to increase the amount of sewage that can be treated with a fixed volume of the filter medium 1, and to improve the processing efficiency, shorten the processing time, and reduce the size of the processing facility. Becomes

Next, the operation of solid-liquid separation using the above-mentioned solid-liquid separation device (filtration tank) will be described. First, sewage discharged from a livestock barn such as a pig house is pumped by the sewage water sprinkling pipe 3 by the amount of sewage to be treated every day from the sewage sprinkling pipe 3 onto the stainless steel net 8 under the filtration tank on the gantry 9 and the upper surface of the filter medium 1 deposited on the cold gauze 7 Spray evenly. Most of the solid matter in the sprinkled sewage is filtered and retained in the upper layer of the filter medium 1, and the filtrate having a reduced solid matter content is discharged from the stainless steel net 8 and the cold gauze 7 at the lower part of the filtration tank and passes through the filtrate distribution pipe 10. Then, it is stored in the filtrate receiving tank 11 and separated into solid and liquid. The filtrate is separately purified by a purification device or the like and discharged.

The solid matter held in the upper tank of the filter medium 1 is divided into left and right moving wheels 12 and 12 and front and rear moving wheels 13 and 1.
By the operation of the agitating / turning device 2 together with the back and forth and left and right movements by 3, the agitating shaft 5 agitates and mixes with the filter medium 1 and performs aerobic fermentation treatment. Incidentally, if the filtering capacity is further lowered in a state of maintaining the agitation depth of current, and deep stirring depth of the stirring shaft 5 by the stirring axis vertical movement device 6,
The clogged portion is aerobic fermented by stirring and mixing to prevent a decrease in filtration capacity and maintain the filtration capacity. If the filtration ability is reduced even at the stage of stirring and mixing with the stirring shaft 5 to the lowermost layer of the deposited filter medium 1, the entire amount of the material in the filtration tank is replaced with a new filter medium 1, and a new filtering operation is performed. I do. In addition, the material taken out from the filtration tank is separately deposited in a composting facility or the like for a period necessary for the pyrolysis of the auxiliary material (filter medium 1), and is processed by aerobic fermentation.

In addition, propagation of aerobic microorganisms in the filter medium 1
The supply of oxygen necessary for activities is usually performed by the inflow of natural air, and the inlet is provided at the lower part of the filter tank, and it is performed by the natural rise of the inflow air, but the amount of supplied oxygen may be insufficient. In some cases, air is forced into the filter medium 1 by the ventilation blower 4. Sawdust was used as the filter medium 1 of this filter bed, and the pork house urine sewage was subjected to a sawdust filter bed basic test apparatus (filter material pile height: 45 cm, pile floor area: 0.126
1 m2 per day)
Table 1 and Table 2 show the results of continuous filtration tests with a sample equivalent to 00 kg (12.7 kg). 80% or more of SS (solid matter), which is a pollutant in swine waste urine, is shown. It could be removed continuously. However, after about two months, the filtration became impossible due to clogging at the upper part of the sawdust tank, and the filtering ability was recovered by the stirring and mixing operations in that part.

[0013]

As described above, according to the solid-liquid separation method using the filter medium of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. . Auxiliary material (almost uniform organic material) used in aerobic fermentation treatment etc. is used as a filter material, and solid matter in sewage is retained on the surface or inside of the filter material by filtration, while stirring.
The agitating / turning part of the turning device agitates / turns the filter medium to the vicinity of the mesh layer, and acts as an auxiliary material in the same way as in the aerobic fermentation treatment, and aerobic fermentation of solids that cause clogging. By this, it is possible to prevent degradation of the filtration ability by decomposing and removing, and to maintain the filtration ability for a long time . . The stirring-turning-back of the stirring and turning-back device in the filtration tank
Stirring / turning depth is gradually increased depending on the part , or stirring / turning is likely to cause clogging layers in the vertical and horizontal directions.
The layer between the lower end of the agitating shaft and the agitated filter medium is crushed and stirred to the vicinity of the mesh layer to prevent the formation of a clogging layer in the filtration tank and to promote the decomposition of solids by aerobic fermentation. Thus, it is possible to prevent a decrease in filtration capacity and maintain the filtration capacity. . Therefore, the solid-liquid separation processing efficiency can be enhanced, the processing time can be shortened, the replacement period of the filter medium can be extended, and the size of the filtration tank can be reduced, so that facility costs and operation costs can be reduced. it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an example of a solid-liquid separation device (filtration tank) used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Filter medium 2 Stirring / turning-back apparatus 2a Support frame 3 Waste water spray pipe 4 Ventilation blower 5 Stirrer shaft 6 Stirrer shaft vertical movement device 7 Cold gauze 8 Stainless steel net 9 Mount 9a Upper edge of mount 10 Filtrate drain pipe 11 Filtrate receiving tank 12 Left and right direction Moving wheel 13 Front and rear moving wheel

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Isao Fukumori 1-40-2 Nisshincho, Omiya-shi, Saitama Prefecture Within the Biotechnology-Specific Industrial Technology Research Promotion Organization (72) Inventor Takashi Furuyama 1-chome Nisshincho, Omiya-shi, Saitama No. 40 No. 2 Within the Research Institute for Specified Industrial Technology for Biological Sciences (56) References JP-A-4-250893 (JP, A) JP-A-50-41352 (JP, U)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A substantially uniform organic material having excellent water permeability and air permeability is used as a filter medium for filtration, and livestock manure containing solid matter is sprayed on an upper part of a filter tank on which the filter medium is deposited. By filtering the sewage, most of the solid matter contained in the sewage is retained at the upper part of the sedimentary filter medium, the filtrate is discharged below the mesh layer at the bottom of the filter tank, and the filter medium part at the upper part of the filter tank holding the solid matter is removed. is disposed above the filtration tank, a carriage movable back and forth and left and right above the filtration tank, stirred and the stirring and turning-back device consisting of a stirring and turning-back portion attached to be vertically moved in this bogie turning-back parts to stirring and crosscut more to network layer near and the solid was forced aeration from the lower network layer causes clogging held in the filter medium unit is aerobic fermentation, by decomposing and removing the most part, Stir up to near the mesh layer of the filter media
A solid-liquid separation method using a filter medium, characterized in that the filtration ability is maintained in combination with the turning back . 2. Stirring / turning off of a stirring / turning-over device in a filtration tank.
Change the depth and position of the agitation / turning by the return part, and crush and stir the layer between the lower end of the agitating shaft of the agitation / turning part where the clogging layer is likely to occur and the end agitation filter medium to the vicinity of the mesh layer. 2. The solid-liquid separation method using a filter medium according to claim 1, wherein decomposition of the product by aerobic fermentation treatment is promoted to prevent a decrease in filtration capacity, and to maintain the filtration capacity.