JP2608002C - - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a magnet chuck for fixing a soft magnetic material using magnetic attraction. 2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 15 and 16 are schematic end views of a conventional rotary operation type magnetic chuck.
FIG. 15 shows a suction state, and FIG. 16 shows a non-suction state. Reference numeral 1 denotes a material to be adsorbed by a soft magnetic material. A through hole is formed in the center of a pair of soft magnetic material yokes 4 and 4 which sandwich a non-magnetic material 3 having a magnetic insulating ability so that the permanent magnet 2 can be rotated. The magnet chuck M can be closely attached to the suction surfaces 40 and 41 formed by insertion. FIG. 15 shows the attracted state, in which the magnetic flux from the N pole flows through the soft magnetic material 4, the attracting surface 40, the material to be attracted 1, the attracting surface 41, the soft magnetic material 4, and the S pole to form a closed magnetic path. Therefore, the adsorption surfaces 40 and 41 and the adsorption target material 1 are adsorbed. FIG. 16 shows a non-sucking state, in which the magnet 2 is rotated by 90 ° with respect to FIG. The magnetic flux from the N pole flows through the soft magnetic material 4 and the S pole. Therefore, suction surface 4
The magnetic flux does not substantially flow through 0 and 41, and no attracting action occurs. In FIG. 15, the other surfaces 42 and 43 of the soft magnetic material 4 form a closed magnetic path similarly to the above when the material 1 to be adsorbed is brought into close contact with each other, and similarly exhibit an attracting action. By the way, the other surfaces 44 and 45 of the soft magnetic material cannot form a closed magnetic path and have substantially no adsorptivity. [0003] However, with such a magnet rotating type configuration, only two suction surfaces can be used. Therefore, it has been difficult to perform operations such as in the case of a machine that requires multiple suction surfaces such as four or six surfaces. In addition, the attaching and detaching operation requires the rotation of the magnet, and the operation mechanism becomes complicated when incorporated in the automation of machinery and equipment. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a magnet chuck that can be attracted on multiple sides and has a simple operation mechanism. Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides: (1) a rod-shaped permanent magnet having a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions at a constant pitch in the axial direction; The soft magnetic material yoke is magnetically interrupted and divided at regular intervals in the axial direction by a non-magnetic material. The chuck body that forms a polygonal or cylindrical outer shape is magnetically interrupted and split at the surface toward the center. One or more of the rod-shaped permanent magnets is inserted into each of the pillars formed through the through holes formed in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of magnet chucks are integrated, and each rod-shaped permanent magnet is slid. The magnetic field strength of the magnetic circuit closed loop formed between the divided adjacent soft magnetic material yokes can be adjusted by the axial relative movement of the rod-shaped permanent magnet and the chuck body. It is characterized by Magnet chuck that. (2) A bar-shaped permanent magnet formed by forming a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions at a constant pitch in the axial direction, and a soft magnetic material yoke which is magnetically cut off and divided at a constant interval in the axial direction by a non-magnetic material. The chuck body having a polygonal or cylindrical outer shape has the rod-shaped permanent magnet inserted at the center thereof, and has a through hole extending in the axial direction which is close to and surrounds it.
A plurality of magnetic shielding plates extending in the axial direction extending from the through hole to the outer periphery of the chuck body are disposed at a predetermined angle around the through hole, and the bar-shaped permanent magnet is slid by a magnetic attraction force corresponding to the division angle. The magnetic field strength of a magnetic circuit closed loop formed between the divided adjacent soft magnetic material yokes can be adjusted by an axial relative movement of the rod-shaped permanent magnet and the chuck body. And a magnetic chuck. (3) A rod-shaped permanent magnet formed by forming a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions at a constant pitch in the axial direction, and a soft magnetic material yoke surrounding and surrounding the rod-shaped permanent magnet in the axial direction with a non-magnetic material A magnetic chuck consisting of a chuck body divided magnetically at predetermined intervals is connected in parallel to form a wide magnetic attraction surface, and the rod-shaped permanent magnet and the chuck body are divided by the axial relative movement. A magnet chuck characterized in that the magnetic field strength of a magnetic circuit closed loop formed between adjacent soft magnetic material yokes can be adjusted. According to the above configuration, a rod-shaped permanent magnet formed by forming a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions at a constant pitch in the axial direction is magnetically cut off and divided at a constant interval in the axial direction by a non-magnetic material. When the magnetic flux flowing from the N pole of the bar-shaped permanent magnet to the adjacent S pole flows from the opposing soft magnetic yoke to the adjacent soft magnetic yoke and reaches the adjacent S pole due to the relative position with respect to the soft magnetic material yoke. When the magnetic attracting force acts on the material to be adsorbed located on the outer surface of the yoke, while the magnetic flux from the N pole flows to the adjacent S pole via the same soft magnetic material yoke,
No magnetic attraction force is exerted on the outer surface of the yoke. Therefore, the magnetic attraction force on the outer surface of the yoke can be adjusted by the relative movement between the bar-shaped permanent magnet and the soft magnetic material yoke. Further, since the soft magnetic material yoke surrounds the bar-shaped permanent magnet, it can be formed as an attraction surface all around the yoke main body in the axial direction, and the number of attraction surfaces is not limited. Furthermore, since the operation of attaching and detaching the material to be adsorbed by the magnetic attraction force is a relative operation in the axial direction, it can be operated by a simple external input, for example, an air cylinder or an electric input, and can be easily incorporated into an automatic machine. In addition, when the division pitch of the soft magnetic material yoke divided in the axial direction by the non-magnetic material corresponds to or substantially corresponds to the magnetic pole pitch of the rod-shaped permanent magnet, the axial direction of the rod-shaped permanent magnet and the chuck body is changed. Due to the relative movement, different magnetic poles can be distributed and located in the adjacent soft magnetic material yoke area. As a result, the magnetic flux flowing from the N pole to the adjacent S pole can effectively flow to the adjacent yoke, On the other hand, when a different magnetic pole is located in the same soft magnetic material yoke area, a closed loop of a magnetic circuit is formed in the soft magnetic material yoke, and a strong magnetic attraction force is generated on the outer surface of the yoke (see FIG. 3). The magnetic attraction force can be made substantially zero (see FIG. 4). According to the magnet chuck of the present invention, the magnetic attraction force can be generated on the entire surface, but the magnetic attraction force on each surface can be controlled independently. That is, the chuck main body is formed into an external polygonal prism or a cylindrical body, for example, a quadrangular prism, and is magnetically cut off and divided at a plane including a diagonal line of the chuck main body. It is preferable that a plurality of magnetic chucks are integrated by inserting a bar-shaped permanent magnet having a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions at a constant pitch in the axial direction through each one (see FIG. 10). When two or more rod-shaped permanent magnets are inserted into each of the divided pillars to increase the magnetic flux density on the outer surface of the yoke, for example, as shown in FIG. It is necessary to consider the insertion position of each bar-shaped magnet so that the magnetic flux density inside the yoke is uniform. FIG.
In the case where the chuck body is an octagonal prism as shown in FIG. 13 and in the case where the chuck body is a cylinder as shown in FIG. The rod-shaped permanent magnet 2 is inserted through the through hole 10. Here, a mounting hole 11 is formed in the center of the chuck body, and is mounted at a predetermined position via a rotating shaft (not shown) made of a non-magnetic material. Also, a through hole extending in the axial direction is formed at the center of the outer polygonal column, the rod-shaped permanent magnet is inserted, and a magnetic shielding plate extending in the axial direction from the through hole to the outer periphery of the chuck body is formed at a predetermined angle around the through hole. If a plurality of pieces are arranged and divided, the magnetic attraction force corresponding to the division angle can be generated and erased on each of the divided chuck body surfaces (see FIG. 9). On the other hand, according to the present invention, a bar-shaped permanent magnet formed by forming a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions at a constant pitch in the axial direction, and a soft magnetic material yoke surrounding and surrounding the bar-shaped permanent magnet And a chuck body composed of a non-magnetic material and a chuck body which is magnetically cut off and divided at predetermined intervals in the axial direction, and connected in parallel to form a wide magnetic attraction surface (see FIG. 5). As shown in FIG. 14, the composite chuck bodies connected in parallel can be arranged so as to form each side surface of a quadrangular prism to form a composite chuck body having a wide magnetic attraction surface. In these composite chuck bodies, if one movable magnet is fixed, the strength of the magnetic attraction force can be increased by strengthening and canceling out the weight of the magnetic flux between the fixed rod-shaped magnet and the movable rod-shaped magnet (see FIG. 6). That is, an even number of rod-shaped permanent magnets are formed by forming a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions at a constant pitch in the magnetic flux canceling axial direction, and the rod-shaped permanent magnets are inserted therein, and the through holes extending in the axial direction surround in close proximity thereto. And a half of the chuck body, which is made by magnetically interrupting and dividing the soft magnetic material yoke at predetermined intervals in the axial direction with a non-magnetic material, faces the soft magnetic material yoke through the through hole. It is fixed to the integrated structure, the other half is slidably inserted as a movable magnet, and this movable magnet is moved in the axial direction with a magnetic pole pitch, and the same pole of each bar-shaped permanent magnet is connected by a soft magnetic material yoke to generate an attractive force. Further, it is preferable that the movable magnet be moved in the direction of the magnetic pole in the direction opposite to the movable direction to form a closed loop of the magnetic circuit via the soft magnetic material yoke so that the attraction force becomes substantially zero. The relative movement of the rod-shaped magnet can be operated by an air cylinder or an electric input, but an electromagnetic plunger having at least a part of the rod-shaped magnet as a movable element of the electromagnetic plunger is connected to the magnet chuck to form an integral body. With this structure, the rod-shaped permanent magnet can be movably operated in the axial direction by an electric operation input (see FIG. 7). At this time, if a stopper is provided on at least one end of the magnet chuck, and the stopper is formed of a soft magnetic material or a permanent magnet (see FIG. 8), the operation state can be stored.
Incorporation into automatic machine equipment is also facilitated. FIG. 1 shows a partial cutaway view of the present invention. 2 is a bar-shaped permanent magnet provided with a plurality of magnetic poles in the axial direction, and 7 is a bar for operating the magnet 2, which is integrated with the magnet. Reference numeral 4 denotes a square soft magnetic yoke provided at magnetic pole pitch intervals, and reference numeral 3 denotes a nonmagnetic material provided between the soft magnetic yokes 4. The soft magnetic yoke 4 and the nonmagnetic material 3 have an integral structure. (Through hole) 10 is provided. At both ends of the integrated structure, stoppers 5 and 6 for determining the movable range of the magnet 2 are provided. FIG. 2 shows a rod-shaped permanent magnet 2. The magnet 2 is mainly composed of Mn—Al—C, and has a characteristic in which the axes of easy magnetization are aligned in the extrusion direction. Therefore, a rod-shaped permanent magnet in which a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions at a constant pitch in the axial direction are integrally formed can be obtained. Its axial characteristic is a residual magnetic flux density of 0.55T (55
00 gauss), coercive force 200 KA / m (2500 oersted), radial characteristics are residual magnetic flux density 0.27 T (2700 gauss), coercive force 144 KA / m (1
800 Oersted). A rod-shaped permanent magnet can be formed by joining ordinary ferrite magnets. At that time, it is necessary to provide a structure in which a non-magnetic material or a soft magnetic material is interposed at the joint between the magnets so that the magnetic flux in the axial direction flows out to the outer peripheral surface. FIG. 2A shows the state of change of the surface magnetic flux density when the rod-shaped magnet 2 is a column and the magnetic poles are magnetized in a ring shape, and FIG. 2B shows the inside and outside of the magnet 2 at that time. Shows the state of the magnetic flux flowing through. Here, the interval at which the maximum amplitude of the surface magnetic flux occurs is called a magnetic pole pitch. In order to complete the magnetized state of FIG. 2 using the rod-shaped Mn-Al-C material in this way, as shown in FIG. 2C, a shaft is attached to the outer periphery of the outer cylinder 51 into which the rod-shaped magnet material 2 is inserted. Magnetization is performed by a magnetizer 50 composed of coils 52, 52 wound with a constant magnetic pole pitch in the direction. In this magnetizer 50, the direction of the magnetizing current is set so that the magnetization direction is reversed at the magnetic pole pitch interval, so that the lines of magnetic force flow from the inside of the magnet to the outer peripheral surface of the magnet as indicated by the lines of magnetic force 53 shown in the figure. Therefore, the characteristics of the magnet material in the axial direction and the radial direction can be sufficiently utilized, and the magnetic flux can be converged on the outer peripheral surface. Next, the structure and operation of the magnet chuck will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, which are cross-sectional views of FIG. FIG. 3 shows the attracted state, in which the adsorbed material 1 is in close contact with the outer surface of the magnet chuck. The magnetic velocity generated from the N pole flows from the soft magnetic material yoke 4 that is close to and opposed to the adsorbed material 1 that is in close contact with the outside, and then from the adjacent soft magnetic material yoke 4 that is close to and opposed to the S pole. Make a road. Therefore, the material to be adsorbed 1 is adsorbed by the soft magnetic material yoke 4. 9 is a magnetic pole pitch (see FIG. 2A),
Numeral 8 is a gap which is half of the magnetic pitch. In this state, the magnet 2 is in contact with one of the stoppers 6. FIG. 4 shows a non-adsorbed state, in which the magnet 2 is in contact with one of the stoppers 5 and is movable by half the magnetic pole pitch. The magnetic flux from the N pole flows from the same soft magnetic material yoke 4 to the S pole. Therefore, the outer surface of the soft magnetic material yoke 4 has a substantially zero attractive force. In the embodiment, four suction surfaces are used, but the outer surface may be a polyhedron or a column. FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which two bar-shaped permanent magnets are provided. Although not shown, two bar-shaped permanent magnets 2 provided with an operating rod 7 are provided, and a soft magnetic material yoke 4 is used for magnetically. As a result, the magnetic flux to the outer surface increases, and the attraction force also increases. Note that a plurality of holes may be provided to provide a plurality of bar-shaped permanent magnets 2. FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which two bar-shaped permanent magnets are provided and the attaching / detaching operation is performed by one bar-shaped magnet. The bar-shaped permanent magnet 2 a is fixed to stoppers 5 and 6. One rod-shaped permanent magnet 2b has an operation rod 7 attached thereto. The state of FIG. 6 shows the attracted state, and the material 1 to be attracted is not shown, but the same poles of the two rod-shaped magnets 2 a and 2 b are magnetically connected by the soft magnetic material yoke 4. There is a gap 9 between the end of the magnet 2b and the stopper 5 which is equal to the magnetic pole pitch. Although the non-adsorbed state is not shown, when the gap 9 is zero, that is, when the magnet 2b is in contact with the stopper 5, the magnets 2a and 2b form a closed magnetic path via the soft magnetic material yoke 4, and The suction force on the side surface becomes zero. Note that a plurality of magnets 2a and 2b may be provided in pairs. FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which an external operation is performed by an electric input. Also, a closed structure is possible as shown by the configuration. Reference numeral 20 denotes an electromagnetic plunger integrated with the non-magnetic material 3. Reference numeral 21 denotes a drive coil, and reference numeral 22 denotes an electric input lead wire. 23 integrated with the stopper 5 is made of a soft magnet or a permanent magnet, and has a function of storing a state. FIG. 8 illustrates the operation of the electromagnetic plunger. FIG. 8A shows a state in which the electromagnetic plunger is attracted, and the electromagnetic plunger 20 and each pole of the magnet 2 are in the attracted state.
In this state, even if the excitation input is set to zero, the magnet 2 is attracted to the iron core of the electromagnetic plunger 20 and maintains the state. FIG. 3B shows the repulsion state of the electromagnetic plunger. The poles of the electromagnetic plunger 20 and the magnet 2 repel, and the magnet 2 comes into contact with 23. In this state, even if the excitation input is set to zero, the magnet 2 and the stopper 23 are attracted and the state is maintained. FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the front surface for adjusting the attraction force of the outer surface of the soft magnetic material yoke. The soft magnetic material yoke 4 is divided by the non-magnetic material 33 and has an integral structure. The magnetic flux from the bar-shaped permanent magnet 2 is supplied to the outer surface of each soft magnetic material yoke at the illustrated angle, and the attraction force is adjusted independently for each surface according to the amount. Adjustment by division other than implementation is also possible. FIG. 10 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment in which the attaching / detaching operation of the outer surface of the soft magnetic material yoke 4 is performed independently for each surface. Numeral 33 indicates that each outer surface and the soft magnetic material yoke 4 are magnetically divided and have an integral structure. Therefore, the bar-shaped permanent magnets 2a, 2b, 2c, 2
d is not magnetically coupled, and independent attachment / detachment operations of each suction surface are possible. As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of magnetic north poles and south magnetic poles having different magnetization directions are provided alternately in the axial direction, and preferably all or most of the constituent magnetic poles are the same. A plurality of bar-shaped permanent magnets having a pitch, and a plurality of soft magnetic material yokes that are close to and surround the permanent magnet and that are slightly shorter than the magnetic pole pitch in the axial direction are arranged at magnetic pole pitch intervals. The permanent magnet is moved in the axial direction by a half pitch of the magnetic pole pitch in the axial direction with respect to the chuck body, and the magnetic pole and the soft magnetic material yoke are opposed to each other, so that the surface of the soft magnetic material yoke that is not opposed to the permanent magnet is provided. The magnetic pole is short-circuited magnetically by the soft magnetic material yoke by moving the magnetic pole half pitch in the opposite direction to the above-mentioned movable direction so that the attractive force becomes substantially zero. I did There is no restriction on the suction surface number can periphery of the net chuck and total adsorption surface. In addition, the attachment / detachment operation can be performed in the axial direction, and can be operated by a simple external input, for example, an air cylinder or an electric input, and can be easily incorporated into an automatic machine.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a magnet chuck according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a graph (a) showing a magnetized state of a bar-shaped permanent magnet shown in FIG. Figure (b),
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an attaching / detaching process. FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view of the magnet chuck shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory view similar to FIG. 3, showing a non-sucking state. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a composite magnet chuck according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the composite magnet chuck of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of another embodiment for explaining the operation, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the magnet chuck of FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a magnet capable of controlling the surface attraction force according to the present invention. FIG. 10 is an end view of the chuck, and FIG. 10 is an end view of another composite magnet chuck according to the present invention, which can independently control the suction force of each side surface, showing a case where the chuck body is a quadrangular prism. FIG. 11 is an end view of another composite magnet chuck according to the present invention capable of independently controlling the attraction force of each side surface, in a case where the chuck body is a quadrangular prism and a plurality of rod-shaped permanent magnets are inserted into each divided column. Show. FIG. 12 is an end view of another composite magnet chuck according to the present invention capable of independently controlling the attraction force of each side surface, showing a case where the chuck body is an octagonal prism. FIG. 13 is an end view of another composite magnet chuck according to the present invention capable of independently controlling the attraction force of each side surface, showing a case where the chuck body is a cylinder. FIG. 14 is an end view of another composite magnet chuck according to the present invention that can independently control the attraction force of each side surface, and shows a case where each surface of the chuck body is formed of a composite. FIG. 15 is an end view for explaining the operation of the conventional rotary operation type magnet chuck, and shows a suction state. FIG. 16 is an end view for explaining the operation of the same magnetic chuck as that of FIG. 15 and shows a non-sucked state. [Description of Signs] 1 Adsorbed material 2 Permanent magnet 3 Non-magnetic material 4 Soft magnetic material yoke 5, 6 Stopper 7 Operation rod 10 Through hole 20 Electromagnetic plunger

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A bar-shaped permanent magnet formed by forming a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions at a constant pitch in an axial direction, and a soft magnetic material yoke made of a non-magnetic material at regular intervals in an axial direction. The chuck body, which is magnetically cut off and divided and forms an external polygonal column or a cylindrical body, is bored in the longitudinal direction of each column formed by magnetically cut off and split on the surface toward the center thereof. A plurality of magnet chucks are integrated by inserting one or more of the rod-shaped permanent magnets through the through holes, and the rod-shaped permanent magnets are configured to slide, and the axial direction between the rod-shaped permanent magnets and the chuck body is adjusted. A magnetic chuck characterized in that the magnetic field strength of a magnetic circuit closed loop formed between adjacent divided soft magnetic yokes by relative movement can be adjusted. 2. A bar-shaped permanent magnet in which a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions are formed at a constant pitch in the axial direction, and a soft magnetic material yoke are magnetically cut off and divided at regular intervals in the axial direction by a non-magnetic material. The chuck body having a polygonal columnar shape or a cylindrical shape has a through hole in which the rod-shaped permanent magnet is inserted at the center thereof and which is close to and surrounds and extends in the axial direction. A plurality of magnetic shielding plates extending in the axial direction leading to the axial direction are arranged at a predetermined angle around the through hole, and the magnetic attraction force corresponding to the division angle is configured to slide the bar-shaped permanent magnet, and the rod-shaped permanent magnet and A magnet chuck characterized in that the magnetic field strength of a magnetic circuit closed loop formed between said divided soft magnetic material yokes can be adjusted by an axial relative movement with respect to the chuck body. 3. A bar-shaped permanent magnet formed by forming a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions at a constant pitch in the axial direction, and a soft magnetic yoke surrounding and surrounding the bar-shaped permanent magnet by a non-magnetic material. A magnet chuck composed of a chuck body magnetically interrupted and divided at constant intervals in the axial direction is connected in parallel to form a wide magnetic attraction surface, and the above-mentioned division is performed by relative axial movement of the rod-shaped permanent magnet and the chuck body. A magnetic chuck, wherein the magnetic field strength of a magnetic circuit closed loop formed between adjacent soft magnetic material yokes is adjustable. 4. An even number of rod-shaped permanent magnets each having a plurality of magnetic poles having different magnetization directions at a constant pitch in the axial direction, and the rod-shaped permanent magnets are inserted, and the rod-shaped permanent magnets extend in the axial direction surrounding the rod-shaped permanent magnets. A half of the chuck body having a plurality of holes and a soft magnetic material yoke which is magnetically cut off and divided at predetermined intervals in the axial direction with a non-magnetic material is opposed to the soft magnetic material yoke through the through hole. And the other half are slidably inserted as movable magnets.The movable magnets can be moved in the magnetic pole pitch in the axial direction, and the same pole of each bar-shaped permanent magnet is connected by a soft magnetic material yoke to generate an attractive force. A magnet chuck configured to move the movable magnet in a magnetic pole pitch in a direction opposite to the movable direction to form a closed loop of a magnetic circuit via a soft magnetic material yoke so that the attraction force becomes substantially zero. 5. An electromagnetic plunger, wherein at least a part of the rod-shaped magnet is configured as a movable element of an electromagnetic plunger, is connected to the magnet chuck to form an integral structure, and the electric rod is used to move the rod-shaped permanent magnet in its axial direction. The magnet chuck according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magnet chuck is configured to be movable. 6. A structure in which a soft magnetic material or a permanent magnet is provided at at least one end of the magnet chuck to serve as a stopper, so that an operation state can be stored.
A magnet chuck according to any one of claims 1 to 5.