JP2602914B2 - Present wheel circumference shape measuring device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the circumference of a tread of a railway wheel in a circumferential state, in a state of being.

[Conventional technology]

The tread surface of the wheel of the railway vehicle is locally worn due to running on a curved portion of the track, braking action, and the like. The wear on the wheel tread can be broadly classified into gradient wear in the wheel axis direction and wavy wear in the circumferential direction. This gradient wear in the axial direction of the wheel is such that the tread surface 1a of the wheel 1 partially wears in the axial direction A of the wheel as shown in FIG. This is mainly caused by traveling on curved tracks. On the other hand, the wavy wear in the circumferential direction is a state in which the tread surface 1a of the wheel 1 undulates in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 5, and the pressing brake was applied to the wheel tread surface 1a during running of the vehicle. Sometimes it is caused by friction between the tread and the brake or between the tread and the rail.

Since such wear of the wheel tread surface causes vibration and noise during traveling, it is necessary to periodically detect this wear state by a wheel tread surface wear detection device.

FIG. 6 shows a wheel tread wear detecting device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-37801. The concave curved surface 2a of the pedestal 2 has a convex curved surface of the tread contact body 4 via a rolling element 3 such as a roller. 4a is placed. A differential transformer 6 is connected to the protruding arm portion 4b of the tread contact body 4 via an enlarged link 5.
The wheel tread wear detecting device is installed on a part of a test line provided in an inspection area or the like, and when the wheel 1 is mounted on the tread contact body 4, the tread contact body 4 swings according to the gradient wear state of the wheel tread 1a. Then, the differential transformer 6 detects this swing via the magnifying link 5. Thus, the gradient wear of the wheel tread 1a in the axial direction A is measured based on the detection output of the differential transformer 6.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, the above-described wheel tread wear detection device has a problem that it is impossible to continuously and accurately measure the wavy wear in the circumferential direction of the wheel tread shown in FIG.
Further, at the time of measurement, the wheels need to be mounted on the wheel tread wear detection device itself, and thus there is a problem that the installation position is limited to the inspection area.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for measuring the circumferential shape of a present wheel, which can continuously measure the wavy wear in the circumferential direction and can arbitrarily select an installation position.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a fan-shaped guide which has a reference surface shaped along the circumference of a wheel tread surface and is attached to a wheel; and is guided by the reference surface along the wheel tread surface. A movable table that is driven and moved; a shape detector that is installed on the movable table and continuously detects the shape of the wheel tread surface as the movable table moves; A movement detector for detecting movement.

The guide is provided with a rack provided on one side, a fixture provided on the other side for detachably fixing the guide itself to a wheel, and a fixing of the guide in a wheel radial direction by contacting a wheel flange portion. Positioning tool for adjusting the position, the moving table includes a drive pinion that meshes with the rack, and a motor that rotationally drives the pinion, and the movement detector includes a driven pinion that meshes with the rack. It is desirable to include a detector for detecting the rotation amount of the driven pinion.

It is preferable that the fixing tool has a magnet table that is attracted to the side surface of the wheel, and the shape detector is a differential transformer including an iron core having a tip contacting the wheel tread surface and a coil that detects a displacement of the iron core. .

(Operation)

The guide is attached to the wheel so that its reference surface is along the wheel tread surface, and the carriage is moved in the circumferential direction of the wheel tread surface along the wheel tread surface under the guidance of the reference surface. The shape detector installed on the moving table continuously detects the shape of the wheel tread while moving in the same direction as the moving table moves. The movement detector continuously detects the movement of the moving table at this time. The wear state of the wheel tread in the circumferential direction can be measured from the detection output of the shape detector and the detection output of the movement detector thus obtained.

Further, when the moving table is moved by a combination of the rack and the drive pinion, the moving amount of the moving table can be accurately detected from the rotation amount of the driven pinion meshed with the rack. When measuring wheels with different diameters,
The positioning position of the guide is adjusted by the positioning tool so that its reference plane is concentric with the wheel at that time.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 in which the same parts as those in FIGS. 4 to 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals. I do.

FIGS. 1 to 3 show a state in which the present wheel circumferential shape measuring device is attached to the wheel 1. The guide 10 has a fan-like shape along the outer peripheral surface shape of the wheel 1. FIG. It is attached to the tread surface 1a and the flange portion 1b of the wheel with a slight gap. The reference surface 10a of the guide 10 has a radius of curvature larger than the radius of curvature of the wheel tread 1a. A fan-shaped fixture 11 is fixed to one side surface of the guide 10, that is, a side surface on the side of the wheel flange 1 b, and the fixture 11 extends along the side surface of the wheel 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the magnet section 12 is attached. These magnet portions 12 are brought into contact with the rear surface of the wheel by operating a handle (not shown), and fix the fixture 11 to the wheel 1. Holders 13 are fixed to the upper portions of the right and left ends of the fixture 11, respectively, and position adjustment bolts 14 are attached to these holders 13, respectively. A positioning tool 15 is screwed into the position adjusting bolt 14,
The tip of the positioning tool 15 penetrates the through hole 11a of the fixing tool 11 and abuts on the flange 1b of the wheel 1.

A fan-shaped rack 16 is fixed to the other side surface of the guide tool 10, and this rack 16 is defined as a curved surface concentric with the wheel tread surface 1a as shown in FIG. Reference surface 10 of guide 10
On a, a moving table 17 is mounted so as to be swingable in close contact with a spring-loaded ball not shown, and a differential transformer including an iron core 18 and a coil 19 is mounted on the moving table 17, that is, A shape detector 20 is provided. The tip 18a of this iron core 18
Is pressed into contact with the wheel tread surface 1a through a not-shown circumferential slot formed in the guide device 10. A drive motor 22 having a drive pinion 21 meshed with the rack 16 and a movement detector 24 having a driven pinion 23 meshed with the rack 16 are further fixed to the movable table 17.

 Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

The mounting of the present wheel circumference shape measuring device on the upper portion of the wheel 1 is performed as follows. That is, the positioning tool 15 is moved up and down by the rotation of the adjustment bolt 14 to determine the position of the positioning tool 15 according to the diameter of the wheel 1. Specifically, the position of the positioning tool 15 is adjusted to the scale corresponding to the diameter of the wheel 1 using a scale (not shown) provided on the holder 13. In this state, the guide tool 10 is positioned so that the positioning tool 15 contacts the wheel flange 1b.
Is mounted on the upper part of the wheel 1, the reference surface 10a is moved to the wheel tread 1 with a slight gap between the guide 10 and the wheel tread 1a.
Be concentric with a. Thereafter, the fixture 11 is fixed to the wheel 1 by operating the handle (not shown) so that the magnet table 12 is attracted to the rear surface of the wheel 1, that is, the side surface on the flange side.

Next, the drive motor 22 is driven to rotate the drive pinion 21 to slide the movable table 17 on the reference surface 10a over its entire length. In this way, the moving table 17 moves while drawing a circular arc concentric with the wheel tread surface 1a using the reference surface 10a as a guide. During this movement, the shape detector 20 moves the iron core 18 according to the wear state of the tread 1a.
The shape of the tread surface 1a is continuously detected from the vertical movement of. At the same time, the movement detector 24 continuously detects the amount of movement of the moving table 17 from the amount of rotation of the driven pinion 23. The output of the shape detector 20 and the output of the movement detector 24 are input to a measuring device (not shown) to display and record the circumferential shape of the tread 1a, that is, the state of wear of the tread 1a in the circumferential direction.

After completion of this measurement, the present wheel circumference shape measuring device is detached from the wheel 1, and after rotating the wheel 1 by a predetermined amount on the rail, the present wheel circumference shape measuring device is attached again and measurement is performed in the same manner as described above. By repeating this operation, it is possible to measure the entire circumference of the wheel 1.

When measuring wheels having different diameters, the position of the positioning tool 15 is adjusted in accordance with the wheel diameter so that the curved surface of the reference surface 10a is concentric with the wheel tread surface at this time. Thereafter, the tip 18a of the iron core 18 is brought into contact with the wheel tread surface, and this state is set as the zero displacement reference position, and the differential transformer may be initialized.

In the above embodiment, the moving table 17 is moved by the rack.
Although the configuration is such that the motor 16 is mounted on the movable base 17 while the motor 16 is mounted on the guide 10, the configuration may be reversed. Further, the moving table 17 can be moved by a known means other than the combination of the rack and the pinion. Further, as the shape detector 20, a known contact type or non-contact type detector can be used instead of the differential transformer of the embodiment.

〔The invention's effect〕

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a fan-shaped guide having a reference surface shaped along the circumference of the wheel tread is attached to the wheel, and the movable table is guided along the reference surface, Since a shape detector that continuously detects the shape of the wheel tread is set on the movable base, the circumferential wear state of the wheel tread can be continuously detected. In addition, since the configuration is such that the existing wheel circumference shape measuring device is attached to the wheel itself, the wear state of the wheel can be measured even in a special place such as a car inspection zone.

In the case of a configuration in which the movable table is moved by a combination of a rack and a drive pinion, by providing a driven pinion that meshes with the rack, the amount of movement of the movable table can be detected with high accuracy from the rotation amount of the driven pinion. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a view taken along line III-III of FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state of gradient wear in the axial direction of the wheel tread, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state of wavy wear in the circumferential direction of the wheel tread, FIG.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a conventional wheel tread wear detecting device. 1 ... Wheel, 1a ... Wheel tread, 1b ... Flange, 10 ...
… Guide table, 10a …… Reference plane, 11 …… Fixing tool, 15 …… Positioning tool, 16 …… Rack, 17 …… Moving platform, 20 …… Shape detector, 21 …… Drive pinion, 22 …… Motor , 23 ... driven pinion, 24 ... movement detector.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) Reference Jikken 35-6362 (JP, Y1)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fan-shaped guide having a reference surface shaped along the circumference of a wheel tread and attached to a wheel; and a movable base guided by the reference surface and driven and moved along the wheel tread. ;
A shape detector that is installed on the moving table and continuously detects the shape of the wheel tread surface as the moving table moves; and a movement detector that is installed on the moving table and detects the movement of the moving table. An apparatus for measuring the circumferential shape of a standing wheel, comprising: 2. A guide provided on one side of the rack and a fixture provided on the other side for detachably fixing the guide itself to a wheel, and the guide in contact with a wheel flange portion in a wheel radial direction. And a positioning tool for adjusting the fixed position of the
The moving table includes a drive pinion that meshes with the rack and a motor that rotationally drives the pinion, and the movement detector includes a driven pinion that meshes with the rack and a detector that detects a rotation amount of the driven pinion. 2. The apparatus for measuring the circumferential shape of a wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: 3. The fixing device has a magnet table that is attracted to the side surface of a wheel, and the shape detector is a differential transformer including an iron core whose tip is in contact with the wheel tread surface and a coil that detects displacement of the iron core. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the circumference of the wheel is measured.