JP2598444B2 - electromagnet - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method in which a movable iron core is moved and is attracted to a fixed iron core, and this attracted state is maintained by a magnetic flux of a permanent magnet, and the electric winding is energized. The present invention relates to an electromagnet in which a movable iron core is released from a fixed iron core by a biasing force of a spring.

[Prior art] Conventionally, a movable core is moved and is attracted to a fixed core, and this attracted state is maintained by a magnetic flux of a permanent magnet. When the electric winding is energized, the movable core is fixed by a biasing force of a spring. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the electromagnet released from the yoke 1, the fixed iron core 2 fixed to the yoke 1, and inserted into the cylindrical guide pipe 10, and moved within the guide pipe 10, A movable core 3 is provided so as to be freely attached to and detached from the fixed core 2, a spring 4 for urging the movable core 3 to be released from the fixed core 2, and moved against the urging force of the spring 4. The movable core 3 is the fixed core 2
Is attracted by a first magnetic flux 5 and wound around a magnetic path including a yoke 1, a fixed iron core 2 and a movable iron core 3 through a guide pipe 10; An electric winding 8 induces a second magnetic flux 7 acting in series so as to eliminate the first magnetic flux 5 by energization in a magnetic path, and releases an attraction state between the fixed iron core 2 and the movable iron core 3.

Conventionally, another electromagnet as shown in FIG. 5 has been used.

The electromagnet includes a yoke 1, a fixed iron core 2 fixed to the yoke 1 and inserted into a cylindrical guide pipe 10, and a movable core that moves within the guide pipe 10 and is provided so as to be able to freely contact and separate from the fixed iron core 2. A core 4, a spring 4 for urging the movable core 3 to be released from the fixed core 2, and a movable core 3 which is moved against the urging force of the spring 4 and is attracted to the fixed core 2. The first magnetic flux 5 is wound around a magnetic path composed of a permanent magnet 6 holding the attracted state by the magnetic flux 5 and a yoke 1, a fixed iron core 2, and a movable iron core 3.
And an electric winding 8 for inducing a second magnetic flux 7 acting in parallel to cancel the magnetic flux in the magnetic path, and releasing the attracted state between the fixed iron core 2 and the movable iron core 3.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, the conventional electromagnet shown in FIG. 4 is configured such that the second magnetic flux 7 by the electric winding 8 acts in series with the first magnetic flux 5 by the permanent magnet 6, and the magnetic permeability of the permanent magnet 6 is reduced. Since it is almost 1, a large amount of electric power is required for releasing the movable core 3 from the fixed core 2 by energizing the electric winding 8,
Since the gap 9 and the guide pipe 10 are provided in the magnetic path, there is another problem that a large amount of electric power is required for releasing the movable core 3.

In addition, the conventional device shown in FIG. 5 described above has a great effect on releasing the movable core 3 in that the second magnetic flux 7 from the electric winding 8 acts in parallel with the first magnetic flux 5 from the permanent magnet 6. Although no great power is required, a large amount of power is still required to release the movable core 3 because the gap 9 and the guide pipe 10 are provided in the magnetic path.

Therefore, if the capacity of the permanent magnet 6 is increased, the flow of the first magnetic flux 5 in the gap 9 tends to be unbalanced, and the movable core 3
However, there is a structural problem that the eccentricity with respect to the guide pipe 10 causes friction and hinders the movement of the movable iron core 3, so that the capacity of the permanent magnet 6 cannot be increased and the attraction and holding force is restricted. .

Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above-described problems, and has an object to provide an electromagnet having less structural restrictions due to the capability of a permanent magnet, a large suction holding force, and a small discharge force. I do.

[Means for solving the problem]

According to the present invention, a yoke, a fixed core fixed to the yoke, a movable core provided to be able to approach and separate from the fixed core, and a bias so as to release the movable core from the fixed core. A spring, a permanent magnet that is moved against the urging force of the spring and holds the attracted state by the first magnetic flux when the movable core is attracted to the fixed core, the yoke, and the fixed core And a second magnetic flux that is wound around a magnetic path composed of the fixed iron core and the movable iron core and acts in parallel so as to eliminate the first magnetic flux in the magnetic core. An improved electromagnet comprising an electric winding for releasing an attraction state, wherein the movable core is attracted to the permanent magnet and the fixed core or the fixed core and the yoke at the time of the attraction, and the first magnetic flux is The resistance value is set so that the majority pass through the magnetic path. An electromagnet comprising a pair of magnetic pole pieces sandwiching the adjusted nonmagnetic material and having both ends connected to both magnetic pole surfaces of the permanent magnet.

[Action]

According to the present invention, since the movable core is composed of the permanent magnet and the pair of magnetic pole pieces that sandwich the non-magnetic body whose resistance value is adjusted, the gap and the guide pipe for moving the movable core in the magnetic path are also provided. Since it is unnecessary, the movable iron core can be released with very little power.

Further, since a pair of magnetic pole pieces sandwich a non-magnetic material whose resistance value is adjusted so that most of the first magnetic flux by the permanent magnet passes through the magnetic path, the attraction and holding force is large.

Furthermore, since the movable iron core itself is constituted by a permanent magnet, even if the capacity of the permanent magnet is increased, the movable iron core is not decentered. Therefore, it is possible to easily increase the capacity of the permanent magnet to increase the attraction and holding force.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments with reference to the drawings.

1A is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1B, FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. (D) is a view taken along a line D-D, and (d) is a view taken along a line C-C in (c).

Although the configuration is the same as that of the conventional device shown in FIG. 4, it differs in the following points.

The movable iron core 3 includes a permanent magnet 6 and a pair of pole pieces 11a and 11b.

The pair of magnetic pole pieces 11a and 11b are attracted to the fixed iron core 2 and the yoke 1 at the time of attraction shown in FIG. 1A, and almost all of the first magnetic flux 5 by the permanent magnet 6 is applied to the yoke 1, the fixed core 2 and A nonmagnetic body 12 whose resistance value is adjusted so as to pass through a magnetic path composed of the movable iron core 3 is sandwiched, and both ends are connected to both magnetic pole surfaces of the permanent magnet 6.

That is, in the first magnetic flux 5 shown in FIG.
Occupies almost the entire amount, and the resistance value of the nonmagnetic material 12 is adjusted so that the magnetic flux 5b becomes substantially zero.

FIG. 1 (a) shows a state in which the fixed core 2 and the movable core 3 are attracted.

In this state, as shown in FIG.
, The second magnetic flux 7 is induced, the first magnetic flux 5a by the permanent magnet 6 is erased, the movable core 3 is released from the fixed core 2, and is released to the state shown in FIG. 1 (c). You.

In the state shown in FIG. 1 (c), the movable core 3 is moved by an external force such as a manual force or the like, or the electric winding 8 is energized in a direction opposite to that of FIG. 1 (a). As shown in FIG.

2A is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 2B, FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. Is a sectional view, (d) is a view taken along the line GG of (c), and (e) is a view taken along the line HH of (c).

1 (a), (b), (c), and (d) have the same configuration, but the pair of magnetic pole pieces 11a and 11b
The only difference is that it is adsorbed only by.

3 (a), 3 (b), 3 (c) and 3 (d) are cross-sectional views of a third embodiment of the present invention.

2 (a), (b), (c), and (d) have the same configuration, but are connected to the other end 4b of the spring 4 in which the movable core 3 is connected to one end 4a, and traverse the magnetic path. The difference is that an operation rod 20 configured to interrupt or magnetically conduct a magnetic flux passing through the magnetic path by manually moving as described above is provided.

The operating rod 20 includes a non-magnetic part 20a for blocking magnetic flux passing through the magnetic path and a magnetic part 20b for passing magnetic flux.

From the separated state between the fixed core 2 and the movable core 3 shown in FIG. 3 (a), the movable core 3 is moved to the suction state shown in FIG. 3 (b), and the state shown in FIG. As shown, the magnetic flux 5a by the permanent magnet 6 is canceled by the second magnetic flux 7 due to the conduction of the electric winding 8.

This is similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the movable iron core 3 is released and returns to the state shown in FIG. 3 (a).

In this embodiment, the operating rod 20 is further manually moved in the direction of arrow 21 in the suction state shown in FIG. 3 (b), and the non-magnetic material portion is added to the magnetic path as shown in FIG. 3 (d). 20
Position a.

Thereby, the shunt magnetic flux 5a by the permanent magnet 6 is shut off,
The movable iron core 3 is separated from the fixed iron core 2 by the urging force of the spring 4, and returns to the state shown in FIG.

In the attracted state shown in FIG. 3 (b), the operating rod 20 does not block the shunt magnetic flux 5a by the permanent magnet 6 because the magnetic body portion 20b is located in the magnetic path.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the present invention, as described above, since the movable core is constituted by the permanent magnet and the pair of magnetic pole pieces that sandwich the non-magnetic material whose resistance is adjusted, the gap for moving the movable core in the magnetic path and Since the guide pipe is unnecessary, the movable iron core can be released with very little power.

Further, since a pair of magnetic pole pieces sandwich a non-magnetic material whose resistance value is adjusted so that most of the first magnetic flux by the permanent magnet passes through the magnetic path, the attraction and holding force is large.

Furthermore, since the movable iron core itself is composed of permanent magnets, even if the capacity of the permanent magnet is increased, the movable iron core is not decentered. This has the effect of being suitable for mass production.

Further, in the third embodiment, since the operation rod for manual release is provided, the operability is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
BB line view, (b) is an AA line view of (a),
(C) is a view taken along the line DD of (d), and (d) is a view of C in (c).
2 (a) is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 (b) is a sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 2 (b), and FIG.
-E line arrow view, (c) is a sectional view, (d) is G- of (c).
FIG. 3 (a) is a sectional view of a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 (a) is a sectional view of the third embodiment of the present invention. 4 and 5 are explanatory views of a conventional device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Yoke 2 ... Fixed iron core 3 ... Movable iron core 4 ... Spring 4a ... One end 4b ... Other end 5,5a, 5b ... First magnetic flux 6 ... Permanent magnet 7 ... Second magnetic flux 8 Electric winding 9 Gap 11a, 11b Magnetic pole piece 12 Non-magnetic material 20 Operating rod 20a Non-magnetic material part 20b Magnetic material part

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A yoke, a fixed core fixed to the yoke, a movable core provided so as to be able to approach and separate from the fixed core, and a biasing force for releasing the movable core from the fixed core. A permanent magnet that retains the attracted state by a first magnetic flux when the movable core is attracted to the fixed core by being moved against the urging force of the spring; the yoke; A second magnetic flux wound around a magnetic path composed of an iron core and the movable core and acting in parallel so as to eliminate the first magnetic flux is induced in the magnetic path by energization, and the second magnetic flux and the fixed core and the movable iron Wherein the movable iron core is attracted to the permanent magnet and the fixed iron core or the fixed iron core and the yoke during the attraction, and most of the first magnetic flux is The resistance value is adjusted to pass through the magnetic path. An electromagnet comprising a pair of magnetic pole pieces having both ends thereof connected to both magnetic pole surfaces of the permanent magnet. 2. A magnetic flux passing through the magnetic path, which is connected to the other end of the spring whose one end is connected to the movable iron core and is manually moved so as to cross the magnetic path, 2. The electromagnet according to claim 1, further comprising an operation rod configured to conduct.