JP2597348B2 - Sediment removal equipment for excavators - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a digging machine for excavating earth and sand discharged from digging means for digging earth and sand.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A digging machine is a machine for digging a tree for producing a green tree, and has been developed and filed by the present applicant (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-153714).
issue). This device can rotate around a tree and excavate an annular ditch between them, and the excavated soil accumulates along the edge of the ditch. For this reason, earth and sand may be easily dropped into the ditch again, and an attempt has been made to solve the problem.

[0003] In such a case, it is easy to think that it is easy to combine the conveyor device and carry the earth and sand to the outside. However, when the conveyor device is used, the earth and sand gradually adheres to the roller surface for rotating the belt. There is a problem that the rollers become fat. As a result, the belt is shifted to one side, so that the belt does not rotate normally or the belt tends to come off.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a machine device used for earth and sand excavation such as an excavator.
The purpose is to enable the excavated earth and sand to be smoothly carried out to the outside without being affected by the influence and to be able to operate stably continuously.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an earth and sand unloading device which can be attached to digging machines and can be integrally operated.

[0006]

According to the present invention, a pair of front and rear rotating rollers 13, 1 provided between left and right side plates 11, 12 for driving at least one of them is provided.
4 and an endless annular belt 15 hung between the rollers 13 and 14, the blade 1 having a tip contacting the peripheral surface of each roller 13 in order to scrape off the dirt attached to the rollers 13 and 14.
At least one earth removal plate 18 is provided so as to be able to contact the back surface of the belt 15 obliquely with respect to the traveling direction in order to send earth and sand moving with the belt 15 to the side of the belt 15.
And a means for providing a sweeping port 19 for dropping earth and sand sent to the side of the belt 15 to the outside at least below one of the side plates.

[0007]

1 and 2 show a sediment discharging apparatus D according to the present invention integrated with a tree digging machine. The tree digging machine excavates the trench T around the trunk P, and has a locking means A for attaching to the trunk P, a digging means B for digging earth and sand, and a movement for the movement. Means C.

The excavating means B has a continuous rotary blade 22 spirally mounted on a vertical rotary blade shaft 21 and a blade cover 23 provided on the outer periphery thereof. Feather cover 2
3 has an opening at the front in the traveling direction and the opposite side is closed, and has a configuration in which a discharge port 24 is provided on the side surface of the upper blocking portion so as to be openable and closable. Numeral 25 denotes a discharge blade for earth and sand, which is provided radially at the upper end of the rotary blade 22. The blade cover 23 is pivotally supported at its upper end by the main body 10 so as to be movable between a horizontal position and a vertical position in which the opening 23a has been retracted to the ground with the opening 23a facing the front. 26 penetrates a gear box 27 provided on the upper end surface of the blade cover 23.

The earth and sand discharging device D according to the present invention is provided for further discharging the earth and sand discharged from the discharge port 24 to the outside.

The earth and sand unloading device D includes left and right side plates 11 and 12 provided in parallel, a pair of front and rear rotating rollers 13 and 14 rotatably provided between them, and an endless annular ring hung on both rollers 13 and 14. (See FIG. 3). Beam members 28 for forming a conveyor frame are provided at several places between the side plates 11 and 12. Reference numeral 29 denotes an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the bearing position of the rear rotating roller 14, which is used for adjusting the parallelism of the front and rear roller shafts, adjusting the belt tension, and the like.

Blades 16 and 17 are provided to scrape off soil and sand, especially soft and humid mud, which has not adhered to the rollers 13 and 14. The blades 16, 17 have a length and a thin blade edge 16a, 17a capable of contacting the roller surface over the entire width so as to achieve its purpose. The illustrated cutting edges 16a, 17a project at a center with respect to the rotating roller surface and are slightly receded so that they contact the mud first and then the left and right portions.

Discharge plates 18 and 18 'are provided behind the rollers 13 and 14 in the belt movement direction, respectively. The earth removal plates 18 and 18 'are for scraping off the earth and sand moving on the back of the belt 15 and moving the earth and sand to the side of the belt 15. Therefore, the earth discharging plates 18 and 18 'are provided on the back surface of the belt 15 so as to be in linear contact over the entire area in the width direction. One dumping plate 18 is located behind the rear rotating roller 14, and the other dumping plate 18 ′ is located ahead of the front rotating roller 13. This is a position near the forefront of the belt 15 on the upper surface side and the lower surface side.

In order to improve the effect of the earth discharging plates 18 and 18 ', a symmetrical inverted V-shape is formed such that the center portion precedes the center line in the traveling direction of the belt 15 and the left and right sides are retracted. It is formed in a plane shape, and the soil is sent symmetrically to the left and right sides. The leading central portion, that is, the tip portion 31, of the earth discharging plates 18, 18 'is in contact with the beam member 28, so that the desired strength and accuracy (flatness, etc.) can be obtained. The contact portion may be welded. Further, the earth discharging plate 18 is not limited to the V-shape, and a plurality of earth discharging plates 18 may be provided on each of the upper and lower sides.

Sweeping openings 19, 19 'for dropping earth and sand sent to the left and right sides of the belt 15 to the outside are provided on the side plates 11, 1'.
2, respectively. The sweep-out ports 19, 19 'are provided so as to substantially eliminate the lower half of each of the side plates 11, 12. However, in the case of illustration, the right sweeping port 19 'is provided with a cover portion 32 on the outside to prevent earth and sand blown by the discharge blades 25 from entering the conveyor. The structure of the covering portion 32 is arbitrary, and a plate of an appropriate size may be attached to the outside of the sweeping port 19 'similar to the sweeping port 19 on the left side of FIG.

The earth and sand discharging device D constructed as described above is mounted at a position slightly shifted in the earth and sand discharge direction with respect to the excavating means B of the excavator. The exemplified earth and sand unloading device D is integrated with a digging machine, and 33 indicates its mounting member (FIG. 6). However, it is also within the scope of the present invention to make the earth and sand unloading device D detachable and to use it by attaching it to various devices (not limited to excavators). The direction of discharging the earth and sand is indicated by an arrow E in FIG. 3 (b) or FIG. 7, which is generated because the excavated earth and sand is extruded by the rotation of the discharge blade 25 and is obliquely forward of the conveyor.

The driving force is removed from the excavator. Although the power system will be described later, the taken-out power drives a vertical output shaft 34 provided at the front of the apparatus, and is attached to a gear 35 attached to a lower portion thereof and a shaft end of the front rotating roller 13. The belt 15 is rotated via the transmission mechanism F including the gear 36. The transmission mechanism F need not be a separate gear, and any known mechanism can be used.

The excavating means B will be described.

In the illustrated example, the gear box 27 is provided by the front and rear holding plates 37 and 38 suspended on the left and right of the blade cover 23.
Are rotatably held about a shaft 26, and the shaft 26
An ascending and descending gear 41 provided on the upper pivot 39;
In this configuration, the operation gear 43 attached to the excavator is screwed, and the attitude of the entire excavation means is manually changed between the horizontal position and the vertical position by rotation of a handle 44 for operating the operation shaft 42.

A driving device 45 for driving the rotating blades 22
The power extracted from the first transmission means 46 via the first transmission means 46 is used. The end is a rotating shaft 4 provided coaxially with the shaft 26.
7, a first gear 48 meshes with a second gear 49 provided at the upper end of the rotary blade shaft 21 to drive the rotary blade 22. In each of the figures, reference numeral 51 denotes a first
The means for transmitting power to the speed reducer 52 is shown.

The front wheels 55, 55 are pivotally supported via a wheel receiver 57 on a frame 56 which is provided at the front of the main body 10 so as to be able to move back and forth and also serves as a front wheel support frame. Is provided so as to be able to enter and exit from the front end of the main body by a slide rail 58 in the front-rear direction. At the rear of the frame 56, a screw member 59 provided with a female screw at the tip is mounted, and the external thread 62 of the operating rod 61 provided on the main body side is screwed into the screw member 59, so that the distance between the main body 10 and the front wheel 55, that is, The radius of the groove to be excavated by the excavation mechanism B can be adjusted. Reference numeral 64 denotes an operation handle.

A pair of left and right wheel receivers 57 are rotatably mounted around a vertical axis 66, respectively. Each wheel receiver 57 is connected by a tie rod 67, and a worm wheel 68 is mounted on the upper end of one of the vertical axes 66. is there. The wheel 68 is screwed with a worm gear 69 attached to the tip of a steering rod 71 provided on the main body 10 so as to be extendable and contractible, and the steering of the front wheel 55 is performed by operating the handle 72 at the other end of the steering rod 71. Can do it. Reference numeral 63 denotes a telescopic portion provided in the middle of the steering rod 71, and a portion for transmitting rotation by spline fitting or key engagement.

The pair of left and right rear wheels 73, 73 are turned around a vertical axis 74 on the left and right sides of the rear of the main body, and are driven by power. At the upper end of 74, they are connected by the engagement means 76. 75
a shows a differential device of both wheels. The power taken out of the driving device 45 as a power source for traveling is supplied to the second transmission unit 77.
To the drive shaft 75 and the output shaft 34.

Although the specific structure of the second transmission means 77 may be arbitrary, the illustrated example has a transmission 78 as a second reduction gear behind the first reduction gear 52, and these are connected by a chain sprocket or the like. I have. Reference numeral 70 denotes a transmission device that connects the transmission output shaft 78a and the drive shaft 75. At the lower end of the vertical axis 74, there is provided a meshing means composed of a gear such as a bevel gear, and transmits the rotation of the vertical axis 74 to the rear wheel 73.

The locking means A has a substantially U-shaped frame 79 located at the front of the main body and in which the trunk P is accommodated. The frame 79 is open toward the front, and a movable frame 81 is pivotally supported at one end thereof and can be opened and closed. The movable frame 81 is locked in a closed state. Reference numeral 82 denotes a cutting blade erected on the movable frame 81. The cutting blade 82 is attached to a piston 84 of an actuator 83 composed of a hydraulic cylinder device, and can cut a root if necessary before digging work by a digging machine. it can. Although the apparatus of the present invention has been developed for the above-mentioned excavator, it can be applied to other machinery for handling earth and sand.

The excavator includes front wheels 55, 55 at the tip of the main body.
The self-propelled vehicle can be driven by the power of the rear wheels 73 and 73 when the tree trunk P is moved to position the tree trunk P therebetween. After the tip of the main body is set on the target trunk P, the trench T to be excavated
And the rear wheels 73, 73
Is changed in the circumferential direction of the groove so as to match the groove T having a predetermined radius. If necessary, the root cutting device is operated, and the cutting blade 82 is driven into the soil to cut off the root. By cutting the roots R near the ground surface in advance, the roots are not unnecessarily damaged, and the operation of the excavator becomes smooth.

The excavating means B is initially in a horizontal retreat position, and the mechanism is turned to a vertical position while rotating the rotary blade 22, and the excavating mechanism is moved from the ground surface with the opening 23a of the blade cover 23 facing the ground surface. When rotated in the traveling direction toward the underground, the earth and sand are dug down by the rotating rotating blades 22 and are moved by the moving mechanism C, whereby the donut-shaped groove T can be formed (see FIG. 7).

The excavated earth and sand is a spiral rotating blade 2
2 and is discharged from the discharge port 24 by the discharge blades 25 toward the earth and sand discharge device D according to the present invention. This is the direction indicated by the arrow E described above. The discharged soil M falls on the belt 15 and is discharged from the rear end. Therefore, sediment accumulates at a position excavated around the trunk P and away from the trench T.

[0028]

When the belt 15 for discharging the excavated earth and sand receives the load of the earth and sand applied to its upper surface, the earth and sand intrudes into the inside from between the side plates 11 and 12 and the front and rear sides. Attempts to adhere to the rotating rollers 13 and 14 and the back surface of the belt. On the other hand, since the scraping blades 16 and 17 are in contact with the surfaces of the rollers 13 and 14, and the earth discharging plates 18 and 18 'are provided on the back surface of the belt 15, they are immediately dropped from the surfaces thereof, In addition, the side plates 11 and 12 are guided to the left and right sides according to the inclination of the earth discharging plate 18.
Are quickly discharged from the discharge ports 19, 19 'at the lower part of the nozzle.

[0029]

Since the present invention is constructed and operates as described above, in a mechanical device used for excavation of earth and sand, such as an excavator, the earth and sand is discharged outside from the side where it is excavated. It is no longer necessary to fill the grooves and the like again with earth and sand, and when earth and sand enters the apparatus, it does not have to adhere to the rotating rollers 13 and 14 and the back surface of the belt. This has the effect of significantly reducing the time and effort for maintenance and inspection.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of an earth and sand carrying device of a digging machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 (a) is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a sediment discharging device. (B) A partially broken plan view.

FIG. 4 (a) is a side view showing one side of the discharge port. (B) The side view which shows the other side sweeping opening.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 3 (b).

FIG. 6 is an explanatory side view showing a use state.

FIG. 7 is a plan view for explaining the operation.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] An excavating device for excavating machines for excavating earth and sand discharged from an excavating means for excavating earth and sand, wherein at least one of the excavating machines is provided between left and right side plates (11, 12). One end is driven by a pair of rotating rollers 13 and 14 and an endless annular belt 15 is stretched between the rollers 13 and 14. Blades 16 and 17 having tips contacting the peripheral surface are provided, and at least one blade is provided so as to be able to contact the back surface of the belt 15 obliquely with respect to the traveling direction in order to send the soil moving with the belt 15 to the side of the belt 15. An earth and sand discharging device for a digging machine, wherein a soil discharging plate 18 is provided, and a sweeping port 19 for dropping earth and sand sent to the side of the belt 15 to the outside is provided at least below one of the side plates. 2. The earth removal plate 18 is provided so as to be able to contact the back surface of the lower belt, and another earth removal plate 18 'which is able to contact the back surface of the upper belt is similarly provided. Sediment transport equipment for digging machines described in the item. 3. The discharging plate 18 has an inverted V-shaped planar shape such that the center portion is ahead of the center line in the traveling direction of the belt 15 and the side portion is receded. The earth and sand discharging device of a digging machine according to claim 1, wherein the portion can be contacted obliquely with respect to a belt traveling direction. 4. An output shaft (34) that rotates with power taken out from the digging machine is provided, and the gear (36) of the transmission mechanism (F) connected to the output shaft (34) and driving the belt (15) is connected to the front rotating roller (13). The earth and sand discharging device for excavators according to claim 1, wherein