JP2594729Y2 - Keyboard-type percussion instrument - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a keyboard type percussion instrument, more particularly, to a striking mechanism and a resonance box of a celesta. First, the use of a hammer shank having a substantially elliptical cross section improves the tone. By installing a damper at the end of the sound plate, the mounting space can be reduced, and thirdly, the height of the resonance box can be adjusted, thereby accurately adjusting the pitch and improving maintainability. Fourth, by using a combination of resonance boxes of each type, the resonance effect is enhanced in a wide range of sounds.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a celesta, which is a keyboard-type sound board percussion instrument, has a configuration in which a sound board provided with a resonance box is struck by a hammer that operates in response to a key press operation to produce sound. This sound plate is provided below each key. The rear end of the key is connected to the hammer via a rod. The hammer is rotatably supported. The hammer is biased by a return spring. Therefore, when the key is pressed, the hammer rotates via the rod against the urging force of the return spring, and contacts the upper surface of the sound plate to strike the sound plate. The sound produced by the sound board resonates in the resonance box and is emitted. When the key is released, the hammer returns to its original position before rotation by the return spring.

In this celesta, a key transmits a key pressing force from a rear end (rear end) to an action below the key via a vertical rod, while another key transmits
The key pressing force is transmitted via a link, a cam, or the like. This is because the width of the sound plate is wider than the width of the keys, and therefore, it is not possible to arrange the sound plates immediately below all the keys.

Accordingly, the present applicant has already proposed a striking mechanism for striking a sound plate from below with a hammer (Heisei 2).
Patent Application No. 405402). An action having the same configuration as that of a grand piano is adopted, and a sound plate is arranged above a hammer constituting the action.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, even in such a celesta according to the prior application, if the hammer shank for supporting the hammer is constituted by a rod having a circular cross section, the striking sound is too strong and the timbre is too high. There was a problem that was bad. Further, since the damper is configured to stop sound by contacting the middle portion in the length direction of the sound plate, there is another problem that a predetermined space for the damper lift rod is required between the sound plates. Was. In addition, since the resonance box was fixed above the sound plate at a predetermined distance, the pitch could not be adjusted. Furthermore, since the Helmholtz type resonance box is used for all the sound plates uniformly, there is a problem that the space for installing the resonance box is large.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to improve a tone color, easily perform a pitch adjustment, and reduce a mounting space for a resonance box or a sound plate.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of sound plates provided corresponding to a plurality of pitches and a resonance box provided corresponding to these sound plates are provided. In a keyboard-type percussion instrument equipped with a Helmholtz-type resonance box in the low range, a closed-tube type resonance box in the middle range, and a collective resonance box in the high range, , A keyboard-type percussion instrument comprising the resonance box.

[0008] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a keyboard having a plurality of keys, a plurality of sound plates provided corresponding to each of the keys, and a plurality of sound plates provided corresponding to the keys. A plurality of hammers for striking a sound plate corresponding to a depressed key, and a plurality of hammers are provided corresponding to each of the sound plates, and the sound plate is vibrated away from the sound plate corresponding to the key by a key depression operation. A keyboard-type sound board percussion instrument comprising a plurality of dampers that abut against one end in the longitudinal direction of a sound board corresponding to the key by a key release operation and suppress vibration of the sound board. , claim 1, having a first tone plate group provided upward, and a second tone plate group provided below the first tone plate group
4. A keyboard-type percussion instrument according to claim 1.

[0009]

[0010]

[0011]

In the keyboard-type tone plate percussion instrument according to the present invention, above
A plurality of sound plates arranged in the lower two stages are
Multiple dampers are activated according to the operation of each key.
Each works. That is, a key that has been pressed or released
Only when the damper operates and the damper
Abuts or separates from sound plate. As a result,
Only the key that is played is sounded or muted (stopped).
The damper corresponding to the inactive key works
There is no. In addition, the resonance box can be moved toward and away from the sound plate, and the pitch of the sound plate can be adjusted accurately and easily. Also, through the long hole provided in the fixing member
To fix the resonance box with screws.
Distance can be easily changed. In addition, the sound plate
By combining various resonance boxes in each sound range, a rich resonance effect can be obtained over a wide sound range in a relatively small mounting space.

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a keyboard type percussion instrument according to the present invention.
1 to 8 show a celesta according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In these figures, the celesta has a box-shaped main body 11, and a keyboard 1 is arranged at a predetermined height of the main body 11 and on the front side thereof. The keyboard 1 is composed of, for example, white keys 2A and black keys 2 corresponding to pitches of four octaves.
1 is provided so as to be rotatable up and down on a horizontal shelf plate 3 which is a part of the support plate 1 with a balance pin 4 as a fulcrum. That is, the front ends of the keys 2A, 2 in the length direction are disposed on the front side of the main body 11, and the rear ends thereof are disposed on the rear side of the main body 11.

A lower keyboard 7 is provided below the keyboard 1.
Are arranged. The lower keyboard 7 is composed of a plurality of keys 6 connected to the black key 2 via a connecting rod 5 perpendicular to the black key 2. These keys 6 also have a bottom plate 8 similar to the key 2 described above.
It is provided rotatably in the vertical direction with the balance pin 9 as a fulcrum.

Further, inside the box-shaped main body 11, a first sound plate group 12 is provided above the back end of the key 2, and the first sound plate group 12 and the back end of the key 2 are provided. The second sound plate group 13 is fixedly mounted and accommodated below the lower side. The first group of sound plates 12 and the second group of sound plates 13 correspond to each key 2
Each of the plurality of thin rectangular (strip-shaped) sound plates 12A and 13A made of metal having different lengths and widths is horizontally arranged in parallel. First sound plate group 12
Represents the white key 2A of the keyboard 1, and the second sound plate group 13 corresponds to the black key 2. In addition, each sound plate 12A, 13
A is supported by fulcrums 16 and 17 formed of pins, for example, at positions 22.4% of the length from both ends in the longitudinal direction. The sound plates 12A and 13A vibrate using the fulcrums 16 and 17 as nodes of vibration.

Inside the main body 11, below the first sound plate group 12, a first action 14 corresponding to each sound plate 12A is provided.
Are arranged. Similarly, a second action 15 is disposed below the second sound plate group 13. These actions 14 and 15 have almost the same configuration as the action of a well-known grand piano. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the heel of the support is applied to the upper end of the capstan 18 (19) protruding from the upper surface of the rear end of the key 2 (the key 6 in the second action 15). In contact. Above this support, a repetition lever is provided rotatably in the up-down direction. This repetition lever is a hammer shank crawler 24 (25)
Abuts on the hammer shank 26 (27). The hammer shank 26 (27) has a base end rotatably supported by the flange 28 (29), and a hammer wood 30 (31) and a hammer felt 3 at its distal end.
2 (33) are fixedly connected. The hammer felt 32 (33) comes into contact with the lower surface of the sound plate 12A (13A) to obtain sound. In this case, the width of the hammer felt 32 (33) is formed such that the low-pitched portion (14 mm) is wider than the high-pitched portion (11 mm).

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the hammer shank 26 has a bifurcated base end rotatably supported by a flange 28, and a knurled surface at the end. Then, the hammer wood 30 is fixed. The intermediate portion in the length direction is formed in a substantially elliptical shape having a flat cross section. Specifically, the rotation direction of the hammer wood 30 (up and down direction, arrow direction in FIG. 4)
Are formed in a flat elliptical shape so that the major axis exists in the plane perpendicular to the axis and the major axis exists in the rotation direction (the direction of the arrow in FIG. 5) and the minor axis exists in the direction orthogonal to this direction.

Numeral 38 (39) is a damper for pressing the upper surface of one end of the sound plate 12A (13A) in the longitudinal direction (at a position deeper than the fulcrum 16) to attenuate these vibrations. The damper 38 (39) has a damper wire 77 (78) and a damper lever 7 at the back end of each of the keys 2A and 2 (6).
5 (76). The damper wires 77 (78) extend vertically on the far side from the far ends of the sound plates 12A and 13A. Also, damper 3
8 (39) includes a damper pedal, a pedal push-up rod 72,
Lifting rail 73 (74), damper lever 75
The acting force is transmitted via (76). Therefore, when the damper pedal is depressed against the urging force of the damper pedal winding spring, the lifting rail 73 (74) and the damper lever 75 (76) are rotated by the pedal push-up bar 72, and the damper 38 (39) Move away from the sound plate 12A (13A). While the damper pedal is being depressed, the sound is not stopped even if the key is released. Further, the damper wire 77 (7
8) is guided by a damper guide 79 (80) (the vertical portion on the deeper side than the deep ends of the sound plates 12A and 13A). The damper guide 79 (80) also eliminates blurring in key touch.

Above these sound plates 12A (13A), a wooden resonance box 44 (45) is provided. These resonance boxes 44 (45) have an internal space of a predetermined capacity and an opening arranged opposite to the sound plate 12A (13A) so as to function as, for example, a Helmholtz resonator. . The distance between the opening tip and the upper surface of the sound plate 12A (13A) is set to, for example, about 5 mm. And
This opening wall is fixed to a part of the main body by a wood screw 46. The wood screw 46 fixes the resonance box 44 (45) to a part of the main body through a vertically long slot 47. That is, the long hole 47 is formed in the resonance box fixing rail 48.
Is formed, through which the resonance box 44 (45) is fixed with a wood screw 46.
4 (45) has a variable distance with respect to the sound plates 12A and 13A (provided so that the vertical position can be adjusted).

Here, the black key of the keys 2A and 2 arranged on the front surface of the main body 11 on the keyboard 1 is disposed directly below the connecting rod 5 extending in the vertical direction. Key 6. The connecting rod 5 is a brass rod having a diameter of 2 mm, and the upper end thereof is connected to the key 2 by a thread fitting 101 at a predetermined distance behind the balance pin 4 of the key 2, for example, at a position of 80 mm. The lower end of the connecting rod 5 is connected to a connecting rod stopper 10.
The key 2 connects the key 6 to a position behind the balance pin 9 by the predetermined distance.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, each of the resonance boxes 44 (45) is constituted by a resonance box of a different type in each of a low range, a middle range, and a high range. That is, the bass resonance box 44A (45A)
Each sound plate is composed of a Helmholtz type of resonance box having a respective capacity. Thereby, the resonance effect can be obtained relatively easily in a limited space. This is because the resonance in a closed tube resonator is determined by the length of the tube, whereas the Helmholtz resonator can obtain resonance by its free capacity. The mid-range 44B (45B) uses a closed tube resonator. The sound is increased by closed tube resonance. Furthermore, the resonance box 44C (45C) of the high-frequency range uses a collective resonance box (resonator sharing one box). This collective resonance box can easily obtain a sound increasing effect for a pitch with a short wavelength and obtain a resonating tone. As described above, by configuring the resonance box 44 with different types of resonators corresponding to the sound range, a sound increasing effect can be obtained more efficiently over a wide sound range in a limited narrow storage space. Things.

In the cellesta according to the above configuration,
When the key is pressed, either the first action 14 or the second action 15 is operated, and the hammer felt 32 is actuated.
(33) comes into contact with the lower surface of the sound plate 12A (13A) at a speed corresponding to the strength of key depression. As a result, the sound plate 12A (13
A) vibrates and resonates by the resonance box 44 (45) to obtain a desired sound. Specifically, when the white key 2A or the black key 2 is pressed, the support of the corresponding action 14 (15) moves upward. Since the rocking motion of the support is transmitted to the jack, the jack also moves upward. Subsequently, the jack uses the hammer shank 26 (27) to move the hammer felt 32 (33) at a relatively high speed to the sound plate 12A (13).
Rotate upward toward A). At this time, since the hammer shank 26 (27) has an oval cross section as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the hitting sound is appropriate and a desired tone can be obtained. When the keys 2A and 2 are held down, the hammer felt 32 (33)
After hitting the sound plate 12A (13A), the sound is repelled and held, for example, a half inch away from the sound plate 12A (13A). This distance is determined by the distance between the jack and the jack regulating button. The hitting distance and half an inch are merely examples, and can be adjusted according to performance and other requirements. While the keys 2A and 2 are being pressed, the damper (attenuation pad) 38 (39) does not abut (stop) the sound plate 12A (13A).

When the key 2 is released, the hammer felt 32 (33) returns to its original position before the key is pressed by its own weight, and the damper 38 (39) is placed on the upper surface of the rear end of the sound plate 12A (13A) in the longitudinal direction. Is touched and stopped. At this time, the damper 38 (39) comes into contact with the portion of the sound plates 12A and 13A having the largest amplitude, so that the sound stopping effect is large. As described above, since the action 14 (15) is configured to return by its own weight, the key touch is performed on all keys 2
A and 2 are uniform, and since a return spring is not used, the trouble of adjustment can be omitted. Further, the acting force transmission path from the black key 2 to each action 15 is made via the connecting rod 5 and the key 6. in this case,
Since the connecting position of the connecting rod 5 to the keys 2 and 6 is close to the balance pins 4 and 9 which are fulcrums,
The key touch of the black key 2 and the key touch of the white key 2A are almost the same, and there is no difference in the key touch feeling for the player.

[0024]

According to the present invention, the timbre can be improved. Further, the pitch adjustment can be performed easily and accurately. And the maintainability can be improved. Further, the mounting space for the resonance box or the sound plate can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a celesta according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a striking mechanism of the celesta according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating a hammer shank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view showing the hammer shank according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a bottom view showing the resonance box according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a front view showing the resonance box according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

2, 2A key, 12A, 13A sound board, 26, 27 hammer shank, 32, 33 hammer felt, 44,
45 resonance box, 44A, 45A Helmholtz type resonance box, 44B, 45B closed tube type resonance box, 44C, 45C
Collective resonance box

Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shinsuke Irusa 10-1 Nakazawa-cho, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka Yamaha Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-48-27716 (JP, A) JP-A-51-5432 , U) Actually open 57-57395 (JP, U) Actually open 47-47,122 (JP, U) Actually open 61-196296 (JP, U) Actually open 48-48796 (JP, U) Actually open 58-113089 (JP, U) JP-A 57-199391 (JP, U) JP-B 31-4872 (JP, B1) JP-B 46-17169 (JP, Y1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G10D 13/08

Claims (2)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A keyboard-type percussion instrument comprising a plurality of sound plates provided corresponding to a plurality of pitches and a resonance box provided corresponding to these sound plates, wherein A keyboard, wherein the resonance box is configured by arranging a resonance box, a closed-pitch resonance box in the middle range, and a collective resonance box in the high range corresponding to the plurality of sound plates. Sound board percussion instrument. 2. A keyboard provided with a plurality of keys, a plurality of sound plates provided corresponding to each of the keys, and a key provided corresponding to the keys and corresponding to a pressed key. A plurality of hammers for hitting a sound plate to be pressed, and a plurality of hammers provided for each of these sound plates. The key plate operation causes the sound plate to vibrate away from the sound plate corresponding to the key. A keyboard-type sound board percussion instrument comprising: a plurality of dampers that abut against a longitudinal end of a sound board corresponding to a key and suppress vibration thereof, wherein the plurality of sound boards are provided at an upper side. 1 sound board group,
The keyboard-type percussion instrument according to claim 1, further comprising a second group of sound plates provided below the first group of sound plates.