JP2592397B2 - Aluminum bronze for sliding materials with excellent seizure resistance and wear resistance - Google Patents
Aluminum bronze for sliding materials with excellent seizure resistance and wear resistanceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2592397B2 JP2592397B2 JP5289236A JP28923693A JP2592397B2 JP 2592397 B2 JP2592397 B2 JP 2592397B2 JP 5289236 A JP5289236 A JP 5289236A JP 28923693 A JP28923693 A JP 28923693A JP 2592397 B2 JP2592397 B2 JP 2592397B2
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- present
- aluminum bronze
- weight
- seizure
- Prior art date
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、各種産業機械の摺動用
材料に適した耐焼付性，耐摩耗性に優れたアルミニウム
青銅に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aluminum bronze having excellent seizure resistance and abrasion resistance suitable for sliding materials of various industrial machines.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、銅合金系の摺動用材料としては、
ＢＣ系，ＬＢＣ系，ＰＢＣ系のものが多く使用されてい
るが、これらの材料はいずれも強度が弱いので、近年の
連続的高速・高圧条件のような過酷な条件下に使用する
摺動用材料としては不十分である。また、ＡｌＢＣ系や
ＨＢＳＣ系のものは強度面では優れているものの、耐焼
付性に問題がある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, copper alloy-based sliding materials include:
BC-type, LBC-type, and PBC-type materials are often used. However, since these materials have low strength, sliding materials used under severe conditions such as recent continuous high-speed and high-pressure conditions are used. Is not enough. Further, AlBC-based and HBSC-based ones are excellent in strength, but have a problem in seizure resistance.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】すなわち、ＪＩＳに規
定されているものは、上記したようにいずれも過酷な条
件下で使用する摺動用材料としては満足できるものでは
ない。また、銅合金のなかでアルミニウム青銅系のもの
は、機械的強度，特に疲労強度には優れているものの、
耐焼付性は大変劣る。That is, none of the materials specified in JIS are satisfactory as sliding materials used under severe conditions as described above. Among the copper alloys, aluminum bronze-based ones have excellent mechanical strength, especially fatigue strength,
The seizure resistance is very poor.
【０００４】本発明は、上記した従来の銅合金系摺動用
材料にあった問題点を解決し、耐摩耗性と耐焼付性を高
いレベルで両立させることのできる摺動材料用アルミニ
ウム青銅を提供することを目的としている。[0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional copper alloy-based sliding materials, and provides aluminum bronze for sliding materials that can achieve both abrasion resistance and seizure resistance at a high level. It is intended to be.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記した目的を達成する
ために、本発明の摺動材料用アルミニウム青銅は、 Ａｌ：６〜１１重量％， Ｍｎ：３〜８重量％， Ｓｉ：１〜４重量％， Ｎｉ，Ｃｏのうちの１種又は２種：０．５〜３．０重量
％， を含有し、残部をＣｕおよび不可避的不純物からなるも
のを熱処理したことを要旨としているのである。In order to achieve the above object, the aluminum bronze for a sliding material according to the present invention comprises: Al: 6 to 11% by weight, Mn: 3 to 8% by weight, Si: 1 to 4%. Wt%, one or two of Ni and Co: 0. The main point is that a material containing 5 to 3.0% by weight, and the remainder consisting of Cu and unavoidable impurities, is heat-treated.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】先に述べたように、銅合金のなかでアルミニウ
ム青銅系は、機械的強度，特に疲労強度は最も優れてい
るが、耐焼付性は大変劣る。本発明は、この耐焼付性を
改善するために、上記した成分構成とすることで、Ｃｕ
−Ａｌ系合金のα＋β相、或いはβ相の母材に微細なマ
ンガン珪化物を分散させて耐焼付性，耐摩耗性を向上さ
せようとしているのである。但し、マンガン珪化物（Mn
5Si3）は鋳放し状態では一般に針状組織であり機械的強
度が不足するので、熱処理を施してマンガン珪化物（Mn
5Si3）を微細粒状組織となすことで、耐力ならびに疲労
強度を向上させ、耐摩耗性と耐焼付性の両者を高いレベ
ルで両立させているのである。なお、本発明における熱
処理とは、アルミニウム青銅系材料における通常の温度
範囲内の焼入，焼戻しをいう。As described above, among the copper alloys, aluminum bronze has the highest mechanical strength, especially the fatigue strength, but has very poor seizure resistance. In order to improve the seizure resistance, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned component constitution to improve Cu resistance.
The aim is to improve the seizure resistance and wear resistance by dispersing fine manganese silicide in the base material of the α + β phase or β phase of the −Al alloy. However, manganese silicide (Mn
Since 5 Si 3) is generally acicular tissue insufficient mechanical strength in the as-cast state, manganese silicide by heat treatment (Mn
5 Si 3) to that which forms a fine granular structure, to improve the yield strength and fatigue strength, than that is both both resistance with wear resistance and seizure at high levels. The heat treatment in the present invention refers to quenching and tempering of an aluminum bronze-based material within a normal temperature range.
【０００７】次に、本発明の摺動材料用アルミニウム青
銅における化学組成の限定理由を説明する。Ａｌ：Ａｌ
は母地のα／βの比率を調整でき、引張特性を大きく作
用する。Ｃｕ−Ａｌ二元合金においてはＡｌ量の増加に
伴って引張強さは増大するが、１１重量％を超えて含有
すると、γ2 相が析出して引張強さを低下させる。ま
た、６重量％未満であると６００Ｎ／ｍｍ2 以上の引張
強さが得られない。従って、本発明ではＡｌの含有量を
６〜１１重量％としている。Next, the reasons for limiting the chemical composition of the aluminum bronze for a sliding material of the present invention will be described. Al: Al
Can adjust the ratio of α / β in the matrix and greatly affect the tensile properties. In a Cu—Al binary alloy, the tensile strength increases with an increase in the amount of Al. However, if the content exceeds 11% by weight, a γ 2 phase precipitates and lowers the tensile strength. If the content is less than 6% by weight, a tensile strength of 600 N / mm 2 or more cannot be obtained. Therefore, in the present invention, the content of Al is set to 6 to 11% by weight.
【０００８】Ｍｎ：Ｍｎは摩擦係数の小さいマンガン珪
化物を構成する主要な元素であり、Ｓｉとの配合比によ
って含有量が定まるものではあるが、マンガン珪化物
（Mn5Si3）が多くなりすぎると延性が低下するので、８
重量％以下としている。また、３重量％未満ではマンガ
ン珪化物が少なすぎて耐焼付性が低下する。従って、本
発明ではＭｎの含有量を３〜８重量％としている。本発
明者の実験では、更に好ましい範囲は６〜７重量％であ
る。Mn: Mn is a main element constituting manganese silicide having a small coefficient of friction, and its content is determined by its compounding ratio with Si. However, manganese silicide (Mn 5 Si 3 ) increases. If too much, the ductility decreases, so 8
% By weight or less. If it is less than 3% by weight, the amount of manganese silicide is too small, and the seizure resistance is reduced. Therefore, in the present invention, the content of Mn is set to 3 to 8% by weight. In our experiments, a more preferred range is 6-7% by weight.
【０００９】Ｓｉ：Ｓｉは耐摩耗性を向上させると共に
Ｍｎとでマンガン珪化物（Mn5Si3）を構成する主要な元
素であり、Ｍｎとの配合比によって含有量が定まるもの
ではあるが、Ｓｉが１重量％未満ではマンガン珪化物が
少なく耐焼付性，耐摩耗性が低下する。一方、４重量％
を超えると延性が低下する。従って、本発明ではＳｉの
含有量を１〜４重量％としている。Si: Si is a main element constituting manganese silicide (Mn 5 Si 3 ) together with Mn while improving wear resistance, and its content is determined by the mixing ratio with Mn. If Si is less than 1% by weight, manganese silicide is small and seizure resistance and wear resistance are reduced. On the other hand, 4% by weight
If it exceeds 300, ductility decreases. Therefore, in the present invention, the content of Si is set to 1 to 4% by weight.
【００１０】Ｎｉ，Ｃｏ：Ｎｉはα相の固溶限を拡大
（γ２相の析出を防止）させると同時に耐食性を向上さ
せる元素であり、またＣｏは母地の組織の微細化と、Ｎ
ｉと同様にγ２相の生成を抑制することによる機械的性
質を改善させる元素であるが、いずれも０．５重量％未
満ではその効果が低い。一方、Ｎｉは３重量％を超える
とＮｉを主成分とする析出物が現れて延性を低下させ、
またＣｏは３重量％を超えるとその効果が飽和する。従
って、本発明ではＮｉ，Ｃｏのうちの１種又は２種の含
有量を０．５〜３．０重量％としている。Ni, Co: Ni is an element that increases the solid solubility limit of the α phase (prevents the precipitation of the γ 2 phase) and at the same time improves the corrosion resistance.
is an element to improve the mechanical properties by suppressing the formation of similarly gamma 2 phase and i, both 0. If it is less than 5 % by weight, the effect is low. On the other hand, if Ni exceeds 3% by weight, a precipitate containing Ni as a main component appears to reduce ductility,
If the content of Co exceeds 3% by weight, the effect is saturated. Therefore, in the present invention, the content of one or two of Ni and Co is set to 0.1. The content is 5 to 3.0% by weight.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下、本発明の摺動材料用アルミニウム青銅
の実施例を比較例と対比しながら説明する。なお、これ
らの実施例は本発明摺動材料用アルミニウム青銅の効果
を示す例示であって、本発明の技術的範囲を何等制限す
るものではないことは勿論である。EXAMPLES Examples of aluminum bronze for a sliding material according to the present invention will be described below in comparison with comparative examples. These examples are examples showing the effects of the aluminum bronze for a sliding material of the present invention, and needless to say do not limit the technical scope of the present invention at all.
【００１２】表１及び表２に示す化学成分組成の各種ア
ルミニウム青銅を溶解して、それぞれの試験片に準拠し
た形状の金型に鋳込み、JIS Z 2201に規定する４号試験
片、直径２２ｍｍ，厚さ５ｍｍの円板４、及び図１に示
す形状のＶブロック１を製造して各種試験を行った。そ
の結果を表３及び表４に示す。なお、表１及び表２中に
おける熱処理材とは、８５０℃で２時間加熱した後油冷
し、続いて５２５℃で２時間保持した後空冷処理したも
のである。[0012] Various aluminum bronze having the chemical composition shown in Tables 1 and 2 were melted and cast into a mold having a shape conforming to each test piece, and a No. 4 test piece specified in JIS Z 2201 having a diameter of 22 mm, A disk 4 having a thickness of 5 mm and a V block 1 having the shape shown in FIG. 1 were manufactured and subjected to various tests. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. The heat-treated materials in Tables 1 and 2 were obtained by heating at 850 ° C. for 2 hours, oil-cooling, subsequently maintaining at 525 ° C. for 2 hours, and then air-cooling.
【００１３】[0013]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１４】[0014]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１５】[0015]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００１６】[0016]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００１７】表１は本発明のアルミニウム青銅の実施例
である。そして、この表１に示す実施例における各種試
験結果を示したのが表３である。また、同様に表２は本
発明の比較例で、Ｎｏ．１１〜２１は本発明の成分含有
量から外れたもの、Ｎｏ．２２は特殊高力黄銅、及びＮ
ｏ．２３〜２５はＪＩＳに規定された材料であり、表２
中のＮｏ．１１〜２１は＊印を付した点において本発明
の範囲から外れている。そして、この表２に示す比較例
における各種試験結果を示したのが表４である。[0017] Table 1 is an example of the aluminum bronze of the present invention. Table 3 shows the results of various tests in the examples shown in Table 1. Table 2 is a comparative example of the present invention. Nos. 11 to 21 deviate from the component content of the present invention. 22 is special high-strength brass and N
o. 23 to 25 are materials specified in JIS.
No. in 11 to 21 are out of the scope of the present invention at the points marked with *. Table 4 shows the results of various tests in the comparative examples shown in Table 2.
【００１８】各種試験のうち、焼付性及び摩耗量を求め
る試験は、図１に示すように、３００ｒｐｍで回転させ
た状態のＳ４５Ｃ（機械構造用炭素鋼鋼材）の表面を高
周波焼き入れしてロックウェル硬度ＨＲＣを５７．０と
したピン２を、試験片である２個のＶブロック１で所定
の荷重を作用させて挟持することによって行うものであ
り、焼付性（Ｆ値）は初期荷重を２００ｋｇｆに設定し
た後、１６ｋｇｆ／秒で荷重を増加し、焼付を生じるま
での荷重とトルクを計測・記録し、下記数式１によって
求める。そして、このＦ値が大きい程焼付性が良好であ
ると判定する。Among the various tests, as shown in FIG. 1, in the test for determining the seizure and the wear amount, the surface of S45C (carbon steel for machine structural use) rotated at 300 rpm was induction hardened and locked. The pin 2 having a well hardness HRC of 57.0 is held by applying a predetermined load between two V blocks 1 serving as test pieces, and the seizure (F value) is determined by changing the initial load. After setting to 200 kgf, the load is increased at 16 kgf / sec, and the load and torque up to the occurrence of seizure are measured and recorded, and determined by the following formula 1. Then, it is determined that the larger the F value is, the better the seizure property is.
【００１９】[0019]
【数１】 (Equation 1)
【００２０】また、摩耗量は焼付性の試験と同じ装置で
２００ｋｇｆ，５００ｋｇｆでの一定荷重を作用させて
１０分間試験を行った後、摩耗減量（ｍｇ）を測定し、
比重より摩耗量（ｍｍ3 ）を求めた。The amount of abrasion was determined by applying a constant load of 200 kgf and 500 kgf for 10 minutes using the same apparatus as that for the seizure test.
The amount of wear (mm 3 ) was determined from the specific gravity.
【００２１】次に、摩擦係数を求める試験は、図２に示
すように、直径が６ｍｍであるボール（ＳＵＪ２）３を
試験片である円板４上の半径７．５ｍｍの位置に５００
ｇｆで押しつけ、円板４を２５０ｒｐｍ（周速度１１．
７８ｍ／分）で１０６２回転（走行距離５０ｍ）回転さ
せた時の前記ボール３のホルダーを保持している弾性ブ
レードの変形によって求めた。Next, as shown in FIG. 2, in a test for obtaining a friction coefficient, a ball (SUJ2) 3 having a diameter of 6 mm was placed at a position of a radius 7.5 mm on a disk 4 as a test piece.
gf and the disk 4 is rotated at 250 rpm (peripheral speed 11.
It was determined by the deformation of the elastic blade holding the holder of the ball 3 when the ball 3 was rotated 1062 times (at a running distance of 50 m) at 78 m / min).
【００２２】なお、引張強度，０．２％耐力，伸びはJI
S Z 2241に規定する引張試験方法により、またブリネル
硬さはJIS Z 2243に規定するブリネル硬さ試験方法によ
り、また疲労強度は小野式回転曲げ疲れ試験方法によっ
て行った。The tensile strength, 0.2% proof stress and elongation were determined by JI
The tensile test method specified in SZ 2241, the Brinell hardness was determined by the Brinell hardness test method specified in JIS Z 2243, and the fatigue strength was determined by the Ono-type rotary bending fatigue test method.
【００２３】表２より明らかなように、Ｎｏ．１１〜２
１ではそれぞれＡｌ，Ｍｎ，Ｓｉ，Ｎｉ，Ｃｏの含有量
のどれかが本発明の範囲を外れているので、表４より明
らかなように、耐焼付性，耐摩耗性等のいずれかに着眼
した場合には本発明よりも優れているものもあるが、耐
焼付性と耐摩耗性が高いレベルで両立していない。As is clear from Table 2 , 11-2
In Table 1, any one of the contents of Al, Mn, Si, Ni, and Co is out of the range of the present invention.
As can be seen, when one focuses on either seizure resistance, abrasion resistance, or the like, some are superior to the present invention, but the seizure resistance and abrasion resistance are not compatible at a high level.
【００２４】特に、Ｎｏ．１１・１２は化学組成の含有
量は本発明の範囲内であるが、本発明のように熱処理を
行わず鋳放しのままであるので、機械的性質が劣ってい
る。また、Ｎｏ．１３は耐焼付性，摩擦係数は優れてい
るが、Ｎｉを主成分とする析出物が相手材の摩耗を促進
し、相手材の摩耗量が多くなるという問題がある。ま
た、Ｎｏ．１４は本発明の実施例にＰｂを添加したもの
で滑り性能は優れているが、その反面摩耗量が多くなっ
ている。In particular, No. In Nos. 11 and 12, the content of the chemical composition is within the range of the present invention, but since they are not subjected to heat treatment as in the present invention and remain as cast, the mechanical properties are inferior. In addition, No. No. 13 is excellent in seizure resistance and friction coefficient, but has a problem that the precipitate mainly composed of Ni promotes abrasion of the mating material and increases the amount of abrasion of the mating material. In addition, No. Reference numeral 14 shows an example of the present invention to which Pb is added, which has excellent sliding performance, but has a large amount of wear.
【００２５】また、Ｎｏ．１５はＮｉの含有量が多くＮ
ｉを主成分とする析出物が現れてマンガン珪化物の効果
がうすれるため、摩耗量が多く摩擦係数も高い。また、
Ｎｏ．１６・１７はＡｌの含有量が本発明の範囲を外れ
ており、さらに、Ｎｏ．１６ではＮｉ，Ｃｏのいずれも
含有していないので必要な引張強さが得られない。また
Ｎｏ．１８・１９は特にＭｎの含有量が本発明の範囲外
で、耐焼付性，摩耗量，摩擦係数が劣っている。またＮ
ｏ．２０はＮｉ，Ｃｏのいずれも含有しておらず、か
つ、Ｓｉの含有量がＭｎの含有量に比べて少なすぎるの
で耐焼付性，摩耗量が劣っている。Ｎｏ．２３〜２５は
それぞれＪＩＳに規定されたものであるが、本発明の実
施例よりも機械的性質や耐焼付性，耐摩耗性等が劣って
いる。Further, No. No. 15 has a large Ni content and N
Since a precipitate mainly composed of i appears and the effect of the manganese silicide is weakened, the amount of wear is large and the friction coefficient is high. Also,
No. In Nos. 16 and 17, the Al content was out of the range of the present invention . At 16, both Ni and Co
Since it is not contained, the required tensile strength cannot be obtained. No. Samples Nos. 18 and 19 are particularly inferior in seizure resistance, abrasion loss, and friction coefficient when the Mn content is out of the range of the present invention. Also N
o. 20 contains neither Ni nor Co,
On the other hand, since the content of Si is too small as compared with the content of Mn, seizure resistance and wear are inferior. No. 23 to 25 are specified in JIS, but are inferior in mechanical properties, seizure resistance, abrasion resistance and the like as compared with the examples of the present invention.
【００２６】なお、表４において、Ｎｏ．１６・１７は
必要な引張強さが得られなかったので、疲労強度，焼付
性等の試験は行わなかった。また、Ｎｏ．２１は熱処理
時にクラックが発生し、試験片を製作できなかったの
で、各種試験を行っていない。In Table 4, No. Since the required tensile strength was not obtained in Nos. 16 and 17, tests such as fatigue strength and seizure were not performed. In addition, No. Sample No. 21 did not undergo various tests because cracks occurred during heat treatment and a test piece could not be manufactured.
【００２７】これら比較例に対して表３に示す本発明の
実施例は、いずれも耐焼付性，耐摩耗性に優れ摩擦係数
も低いので、摺動用材料として適しているのが判る。ま
た、その他の機械的性質についても本発明の実施例は十
分満足できる値を示している。すなわち、本発明では耐
焼付性と耐摩耗性が高いレベルで両立している。[0027] Example of the present invention to these comparative examples shown in Table 3, properties with have shifted even seizure, since excellent friction coefficient is low in abrasion resistance, it can be seen that the suitable as sliding material. The examples of the present invention also show satisfactory values for other mechanical properties. That is, in the present invention, seizure resistance and wear resistance are compatible at a high level.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明のアルミニ
ウム青銅は耐摩耗性と耐焼付性を高いレベルで両立させ
ることができるので、過酷な条件であっても摺動材料用
部材として長期間にわたって使用が可能となる。As described above, since the aluminum bronze of the present invention can achieve both abrasion resistance and seizure resistance at a high level, it can be used as a sliding material for a long time even under severe conditions. It can be used over a wide area.
【図１】焼付性及び摩耗量を求める試験の説明図であ
る。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a test for determining seizure and a wear amount.
【図２】摩擦係数を求める試験の説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a test for obtaining a coefficient of friction.
１ Ｖブロック ２ ピン ３ ボール ４ 円板 1 V block 2 pin 3 ball 4 disk
Claims (1)
％， を含有し、残部がＣｕおよび不可避的不純物からなるも
のを熱処理したことを特徴とする耐焼付性，耐摩耗性に
優れた摺動材料用アルミニウム青銅。1. Al: 6 to 11% by weight; Mn: 3 to 8% by weight; Si: 1 to 4% by weight; An aluminum bronze for a sliding material having excellent seizure resistance and wear resistance, characterized by containing 5 to 3.0% by weight, with the balance consisting of Cu and inevitable impurities being heat-treated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5289236A JP2592397B2 (en) | 1993-11-18 | 1993-11-18 | Aluminum bronze for sliding materials with excellent seizure resistance and wear resistance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5289236A JP2592397B2 (en) | 1993-11-18 | 1993-11-18 | Aluminum bronze for sliding materials with excellent seizure resistance and wear resistance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07138680A JPH07138680A (en) | 1995-05-30 |
| JP2592397B2 true JP2592397B2 (en) | 1997-03-19 |
Family
ID=17740550
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5289236A Expired - Lifetime JP2592397B2 (en) | 1993-11-18 | 1993-11-18 | Aluminum bronze for sliding materials with excellent seizure resistance and wear resistance |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2592397B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10164754B4 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2004-03-04 | Diehl Metall Stiftung & Co.Kg | aluminum Bronze |
| KR100941233B1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2010-02-10 | 파나소닉 주식회사 | Plasma display panel driving method and plasma display device |
| CN104294080A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-01-21 | 贝原合金（苏州）有限公司 | Wear-resistant copper alloy formula and preparation method thereof |
| IT201700005383A1 (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-19 | Metal Sil Car Snc Di S Faletti & C | METAL ALLOY |
| CN110004321B (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2021-04-20 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Copper-based microcrystalline alloy, preparation method thereof and electronic product |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0472897A (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1992-03-06 | Toshiba Corp | Watchdog timer detector |
| JP2738999B2 (en) * | 1991-09-20 | 1998-04-08 | 株式会社日立製作所 | High wear-resistant aluminum bronze casting alloy, sliding member using the alloy |
-
1993
- 1993-11-18 JP JP5289236A patent/JP2592397B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07138680A (en) | 1995-05-30 |
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