JP2583383B2 - Tunnel face work monitoring system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a system for monitoring the working condition and rock condition of a tunnel face on the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, in mountain tunnel construction, NATM
It is common practice to use the New Austrian Tunnel-lining Method (New Austrian Tunnel-lining Method). In this method, concrete is basically sprayed on the wall of the tunnel after excavating the tunnel, but the concrete construction method and procedure are based on the rock quality of the face and the hardness and softness of the rock. It changes depending on spring water conditions. For example, addition of a shoring, a change of a concrete spray thickness, etc. are performed.

[0003]

By the way, confirmation of the condition of the face such as the rock quality of the face, the hardness of the rock, the state of the spring, etc.
Conventionally, it was performed only on the worker side in the tunnel. In this case, confirmation of the face condition is performed based on only the intuition of the operator, not based on objective data, so that it is easy to make a subjective judgment, and the skill is required for the operator.
In addition, there is a problem in terms of safety in the case where the work is performed while checking the face condition only by the worker side.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to objectively determine the face condition and constantly monitor the work condition of the tunnel face on the ground side in order to ensure the safety of construction, and to give an appropriate instruction. An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel face operation monitoring system that can be given to an operator.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present inventor thought that the situation of the face should be photographed with a video camera and the image should be transferred to the ground. At this time, as the type of camera, one corresponding to the usage environment,
That is, a CCD (charge-coupled device) camera was determined to be one that can sufficiently withstand the environment such as dust, water leakage, and moisture in the tunnel pit, and that has easy maintenance. In addition, as a result of various examinations of the place where the CCD camera is to be installed, it is preferable to attach the CCD camera to the head of the operator operating the working device in the tunnel at the tunnel face for the following reason. The conclusion has been reached.

For example, in the case of a fixed-point camera mounted on the wall of a tunnel, the face cannot be seen by the excavating machine when working with the excavating machine, and there is a distance between the face and the camera. I cannot shoot clearly. On the other hand, in the case of a fixed-point camera installed on a heavy machine such as an excavator,
The captured image is distorted. In addition, it is not possible to arbitrarily photograph a place to be photographed, whether it is mounted on a wall or mounted on a machine. As described above, when the CCD camera is mounted at the fixed position, there are the above-mentioned disadvantages.

On the other hand, if the CCD camera is mounted on the head of a worker who can move freely in the tunnel face, the above-mentioned inconvenience of the fixed point camera can be solved. Further, by mounting the CCD camera forward on the head of the worker, the CCD camera is directed more toward the eyes of the worker. Therefore, the face of the face that the worker actually sees, specifically, the face of the place where the worker is currently working or the place where the worker wants to work can be photographed with the CCD camera. If you transfer to
Even on the ground, the current face work status and rock condition can be monitored.

As a result of repeated studies as described above, the completed tunnel face operation monitoring system of the present invention has a CCD camera directed forward at the head of an operator operating a working device in the tunnel at the tunnel face portion. At the same time, a monitor is provided on the ground, and the image taken by the CCD camera is transferred to the monitor and displayed, so that the work status and rock condition at the tunnel face can be monitored on the ground. Features.

It is desirable to provide a communication means so that voice communication is performed between the worker and a supervisor on the ground.

[0010]

When the worker turns his / her face toward the face that the worker is currently working on or the face that he or she wants to work on, the CCD camera attached to the worker's head shoots that part. It is sent to the ground monitor and displayed. At this time, even if the working equipment is a tunnel excavator or a drilling machine that drills blast holes and dust is trapped in the tunnel, the image is taken from a distance very close to the face, so the image displayed on the monitor is It will be clear enough to judge the condition. Furthermore, since the CCD camera mounted on the human head is hardly affected by the vibration of the work machine, the captured image is hardly disturbed.

Images successively sent to the monitor are recorded, and the recorded image data is used as a material for judging the state of the face. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine the rock quality, hardness, and the like of the face as compared with the related art in which the operator makes the determination based on the intuition. In addition, since the work status can be constantly monitored, it is possible to give an accurate instruction corresponding to a sudden change in the ground. On this occasion,
Since the worker and the surveillance person on the ground are looking at the same face, the voice communication between the two is very well communicated.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the embodiment shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, 1 is a tunnel, 2 is a face, 3 is a load header as a working device having a drilling head 3 ′ attached to the tip thereof for drilling a blast hole in the face 2, and 6 operates the load header 3. Worker.

The worker 5 is wearing a helmet 6, and a small CCD camera 8 is mounted in front of the helmet 6. Since the CCD camera 8 is mounted so as to be located just at the forehead of the worker, the photographing direction thereof coincides with the direction of the line of sight of the worker 5 indicated by a broken line. That is, when the worker 5 moves his / her entire head to move his / her eyes, the lens of the CCD camera 8 also moves. The CCD camera 8 is connected by a cable 7 to a monitor 9 installed in the load header 3. The monitor 9 is used by the operator 5 to check whether the photographing by the CCD camera 8 is properly performed.

A radio signal transmission device including a pair of parabolic antennas 10 and 11 is installed near the monitor 9 and near the tunnel entrance. These parabolic antennas 10 and 11 use a frequency band of 50 GHz, and 1 km
Signal transmission can be performed between two distant points. The parabolic antenna 10 near the monitor 9 is connected to the monitor 9 by a cable, while the parabolic antenna 11 near the tunnel entrance is connected by a cable 13.
It is connected to a monitor 14 installed in a ground office 12. Therefore, the image photographed by the CCD camera 8 is displayed on the monitor 9 installed in the road header, and the parabolic antennas 10 and 1 are displayed.
The data is transferred through the tunnel by 1 and sent to the monitor 14 in the site office 12 on the ground by the cable 13 to be displayed.

The parabolic antenna 10 installed on the load header 3 uses vibration-proof rubber to cope with machine vibration. Further, the parabolic antenna 11 installed near the wellhead is desirably installed above the side wall of the tunnel so as not to hinder the work. Communication devices 15 and 16 are connected to the monitors 9 and 14, respectively, so that a worker 5 in the tunnel and a monitor (not shown) in the site office 12 can talk with each other. The transmission of the audio signal at this time is also performed via the parabolic antennas 10 and 11.

By the way, since the CCD camera 8 is mounted above the eyes of the worker 5, the face that the worker 5 is actually looking at is photographed and displayed on the monitors 9, 14. Therefore, the observer in the site office 12 can see the same face portion as the worker 5 is watching at the same time, and can follow the progress of the work even on the ground.

The image sent to the monitor 14 in the site office 12 is recorded and used as data for objectively judging the state of the face 2. Therefore, the state of the rock can be more accurately determined. A supervisor in the office 12 exchanges opinions with the worker 5 and gives instructions to the worker 5 via the communication devices 15 and 16. At this time, since they are looking at the same face portion (one is actually through the monitor 14 and the other is through the monitor 14), the two people can talk well.

In the present embodiment, a drilling machine for drilling blast holes is used as the working device 3, but the tunnel face work monitoring system of the present invention can be applied to other working machines even if the working device is a tunnel excavator. Even if there is, it can be similarly applied.

Although the CCD camera 8 is mounted on the helmet 6, it may be mounted directly on the head of the worker 5.

[0020]

As is apparent from the above description, the present invention has a CCD camera attached to the head of a worker operating a working device in a tunnel at a tunnel face and facing the front of the worker. Is to photograph the face in the direction in which the image is directed, and the photographed image is displayed on a monitor on the ground. By selecting the mounting position and the mounting direction of the CCD camera, in which the CCD camera is mounted to the head of the worker in the forward direction, the lens of the CCD camera can be directed in the direction of the worker's eyes, so that The observer on the ground can see the same face at the same time. Therefore, even on the ground, as if the workers were watching,
You can see where you are currently working or where you want to work, and you can always keep track of the work status. And by constantly monitoring the work situation such as excavation and drilling of the face face through the monitor, it is possible to respond quickly to sudden changes in the ground,
Construction safety can be improved. In addition, images sent to the monitor on the ground one after another can be recorded,
The recorded image data can be used as a material for determining the state of the face. Therefore, it is possible to objectively and accurately determine the rock quality, hardness, and the like of the face as compared with the related art in which the operator makes the determination based on the intuition.

When the worker and the ground monitor communicate by voice using the communication means, the viewpoints of the two are substantially the same as described above, so that the two people can talk very well.

Further, according to the present invention, even if the working device is a tunnel excavator or a drilling machine for blast holes and dust is trapped in the tunnel, the photographing is performed from a distance very close to the face, so that the monitor can be used. The image projected on the is clear enough to judge the state of the rock. Furthermore, CC
Since the D camera is attached to the operator's head, the D camera is not easily affected by the vibration of the working machine, and the captured image is less likely to be disturbed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a tunnel face operation monitoring system of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tunnel, 2 ... Face, 3 ... Road header, 3 '... Perforated head, 5 ... Worker, 6 ... Helmet, 8 ... CCD camera, 9 ... Monitor, 10, 11 ... Parabolic antenna,
12 ... field office, 14 ... monitor, 15, 16 ... communication equipment.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An image taken by the CCD camera is mounted on a head of a worker operating a working device in the tunnel at a tunnel face, with a CCD camera facing forward and a monitor provided on the ground. A work status, a rock state, and the like in the tunnel face section are monitored on the ground by transferring the information to the monitor and displaying the tunnel face on the ground. 2. The communication system according to claim 1, further comprising communication means for performing voice communication between the worker and a supervisor on the ground.
4. A tunnel face work monitoring system according to 4. 3. The tunnel face operation monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the operation device is a tunnel excavator or a drilling machine for opening a blast hole.