JP2576187B2 - Manufacturing method of metal matrix composite material - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composite material, and more particularly, to a metal-based composite in which short fibers, whiskers, or particles made of metal are used as a reinforcing material and an aluminum alloy or the like is used as a matrix. It relates to a method for producing a material.

Problems to be solved by conventional technology and invention For example, sponsored by the Japan Institute of Light Metals, July 15, 1985
Reinforced fibers are continuous fibers, as described in the booklet entitled "Forming Aluminum Composite Materials (FRM)" distributed at the 3rd Metal Forming Seminar held in Atami City on the 16th. As methods for producing fiber-reinforced metal composite materials, there are a diffusion bonding method, a plasma spray method, a vapor deposition method, a melt infiltration method, an electrodeposition method (plating method), and the like.
It is known that a method for producing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material in which the reinforcing fibers are discontinuous fibers includes a powder metallurgy method, a compo-casting method, a molten metal forging method, a semi-solid processing method, an HIP method, and the like.

Particularly when the reinforcing fiber is a discontinuous fiber, the above-described melt forging method (high-pressure casting method) has been generally employed mainly since the above-described method is superior in mass productivity as compared with the other methods described above. ing. However, in the squeeze forging method, it is necessary to press the melt of the matrix metal to a very high pressure, so that the manufacturing equipment becomes large-scale, and therefore, the production of the composite material becomes expensive, which results in the complex This is one of the major obstacles to the practical use of materials.

Thus, in the production of a composite material in which the reinforcing fibers are discontinuous fibers, it is required to reduce the required pressure on the molten metal of the matrix metal and further omit the pressurization. To achieve this, it is necessary to greatly improve the wettability between the reinforcing fibers and the molten metal of the matrix metal.

In view of such a demand, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-295344 proposes to use an aluminum alloy to which a special element is added as a matrix metal. However, there is a problem that sufficient wettability cannot be ensured only by adding a special element to the matrix metal, and that the composition of the matrix metal is limited to a specific one.

Various methods have been proposed for improving the wettability of the matrix metal to the molten metal in the case where the reinforcing fibers are continuous fibers.
JP-A-42504 describes a method in which a metal powder is applied to the surface of a fiber to thereby improve wettability, and is disclosed in JP-A-50-109904, JP-A-52-28433, and JP-A-53-28433. −38791
JP-A-5-176906 and JP-A-57-169037 describe a method of coating the surface of a fiber with a metal to thereby improve the wettability.

As described in these publications, when the reinforcing fibers are continuous fibers, since the fibers are generally oriented in one direction, the molten metal of the matrix metal penetrates between the individual continuous fibers by capillary action, Therefore, according to the method as described above, the wettability between the fiber and the molten metal of the matrix metal can be improved.

However, if the reinforcing fibers are short fibers or whiskers,
Since they are discontinuous, it is impossible to expect the penetration of the molten metal of the matrix metal by capillary action, and therefore, as described in, for example, JP-A-59-205464, the wettability of continuous fibers is improved. Simply applying the method known as a means for causing the fibers to short fibers or whiskers cannot sufficiently improve their wettability. If the reinforcing fibers are short fibers or whiskers,
It is difficult to coat a large amount of these metals or apply a large amount of metal powder, and the cost is very high. These problems are addressed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,376,803 and 4,569,886.
The same applies to the case where the surface of the fiber is coated with a metal oxide as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H11-209,878.

In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
As described in JP-A-31466 and JP-A-62-67133, there is known a method in which a reinforcing material molded body is preheated to a predetermined temperature, and then a molten metal of a matrix metal is pressure-penetrated into the molded body. Have been. According to this method, when the reinforcing material itself is heated to a certain temperature, the wettability of the matrix metal with the molten metal is improved, and the permeability of the molten matrix metal is improved as compared with a case where the molded body is not preheated. I do. However, in these methods, it is essential to preheat the compact, and special measures are required for these methods. Therefore, these methods are also limited in the efficiency and cost reduction of the production of composite materials. There is.

In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
As described in JP-A-61-165265, a reinforcing material is utilized by utilizing a redox reaction between a metal oxide contained in a molded product of the reinforcing material and a specific metal element in a matrix metal. There is known a method for improving the permeability of a matrix metal melt in a molded article. However, in this method, there is a problem that a composite material using a metal having an arbitrary composition as a matrix metal cannot be produced because the elements that undergo a redox reaction with each other are limited to some extent. Also, depending on the combination and amount of the elements, heat is excessively and rapidly generated,
Problems such as erosion of the mold may occur.

Furthermore, in any of the above-mentioned conventional methods, it is necessary to pressurize the molten metal of the matrix metal to a certain relatively high pressure. Therefore, in these conventional methods, the pressurization of the molten metal of the matrix metal is omitted. In addition, it is not possible to efficiently and inexpensively produce a composite material by omitting the use of moldings and the like necessary for pressurization, and a relatively large amount of matrix in a region other than the molded body in the mold for each casting. Since the solidification of the metal is inevitable, there is a problem that the yield cannot be improved.

In view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional method for producing a composite material, the inventors of the present application have conducted various experimental studies.As a result, even when the reinforcing material is in the form of metal short fibers or particles, It has been found that various problems as described above can be solved by mixing fine pieces of a specific metal oxide into a molded product of a reinforcing material made of metal.

The present invention is based on the knowledge obtained as a result of various experimental studies performed by the inventors of the present application, and when the reinforcing material is metal short fibers, metal particles, or a mixture thereof, the molten metal of the matrix metal is used. An object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of efficiently and inexpensively producing a composite material in which a matrix metal is well filled between individual reinforcements without applying pressure.

Further, the present invention can provide a composite material having a substantially predetermined shape and size very efficiently and without using a mold for pressurizing a molten metal of a matrix metal or a mold for producing a composite material having a predetermined shape. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method that can be manufactured at a very high yield at a low cost.

According to the present invention, there is provided a reinforcing material selected from the group consisting of metal short fibers, metal particles, and mixtures thereof, and W, Mo, Pb, Bi, V , Cu, Ni, Co, Sn, Mn,
B, Cr, Mg, Fe, Nb, Si, Zr, Ta oxides, and fine particles of a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of mixtures thereof, and these were substantially uniformly mixed. Forming a compact, at least part of the compact is Al, Mg, Al alloy,
And a metal alloy selected from the group consisting of a Mg alloy and a metal matrix composite material which is brought into contact with the molten metal without substantially pressurizing the molten metal.

Effects and Effects of the Invention According to the method of the present invention, a molded article containing the reinforcing material and the fine pieces of the specific metal oxide and substantially uniformly mixed with each other is formed, and at least one of the molded articles is formed. The part is brought into contact with the matrix metal melt. Since the fine pieces of the specific metal oxide as described above have a better wettability to a molten metal such as an aluminum alloy than the fine pieces of other metal oxides, the molten metal of the matrix metal is finer than the specific metal oxide. It gradually penetrates into the molded body, thereby sequentially coming into contact with the reinforcing material, and furthermore, the molten metal of the matrix metal reacts with the fine pieces of the specific metal oxide to generate an appropriate amount of heat, which heats the molten metal. At the same time, the oxide film on the surface of the reinforcing material is removed, whereby the permeability of the molten metal into the molded body and the wettability of the reinforcing material are improved, so that the molten metal of the matrix metal penetrates well throughout the molded body. go.

Therefore, according to the method of the present invention, it is not necessary to press the molten metal of the matrix metal or to control the atmosphere.Therefore, there is no need for a large-scale facility for pressurizing the molten metal of the matrix metal or controlling the atmosphere. Thereby, a composite material in which the matrix metal is well filled between the individual reinforcements can be produced much more efficiently and inexpensively than the conventional method.

Further, according to the method of the present invention, as described above, the molten metal of the matrix metal penetrates well into the molded body, so that the reinforcing material and the fine pieces of the specific metal oxide are contained substantially uniformly. If the mixed molded body is formed in a predetermined shape and size, and a part thereof is brought into contact with the molten metal of the matrix metal, the molten metal of the matrix metal quickly permeates the entire molded body without excess or shortage. As a result, a composite material having a predetermined shape and dimensions is formed. Therefore, the conventional molten metal which requires a mold for pressing the molten metal of the matrix metal and defining a predetermined product shape, and in which a large amount of matrix metal is inevitably solidified in portions other than the composite material in the mold. Compared with a forging method or the like, a composite material having a substantially predetermined shape and size can be manufactured very efficiently and at a low cost with a very high yield.

Further, according to the method of the present invention, it is not necessary to coat the surface of the reinforcing material with the metal oxide or to apply the metal oxide powder to the surface of the reinforcing material by a special treatment step. A method of coating a metal oxide on the surface of a reinforcing material or applying a metal oxide powder on a surface of the reinforcing material, since it is only necessary to mix and mold the fine pieces of the material so as to be substantially uniform with the fine pieces of the material. The composite material can be manufactured much more efficiently and at a lower cost than in the case of (1).

According to the results of the experimental research conducted by the inventors of the present application, if the above-mentioned fine pieces of the specific metal oxide are contained in the compact, the permeability of the matrix metal molten metal into the compact is improved. Although it can be improved, when the weight ratio of the fine pieces of the specific metal oxide to the reinforcing material is 3% or more, the molten metal of the matrix metal can be satisfactorily penetrated into the molded body. Thus, according to one particular feature of the invention, the amount of the specific metal oxide fines in the compact is set at 3% or more by weight relative to the reinforcement.

Further, according to the results of an experimental study conducted by the inventors of the present application, the metal constituting a fine piece of a specific metal oxide is W, M
o, Pb, Bi, Cu, Ni, Co, Sn, Mn, Cr, Fe, Nb, Si, Z
When r, Ta, or an alloy containing any of them as a main component, the molten metal of the matrix metal can be satisfactorily penetrated into the compact. Therefore, according to another detailed feature of the present invention, the metal constituting the fine pieces of a specific metal oxide is W, Mo, Pb, Bi, Cu, Ni, Co, Sn, Mn, C
It is set to a metal selected from the group consisting of r, Fe, Nb, Si, Zr, Ta, and alloys containing any of them as a main component.

According to the results of an experimental study performed by the inventors of the present application, when the matrix metal is an Al alloy,
When the alloy contains at least one of Mg, Zr, and Ca in a total amount of 0.5% or more, the molten metal can be more favorably penetrated into the formed body by the matrix metal. This is effective when the compact is preheated to improve the wettability of the fine pieces of metal oxide. Therefore, according to yet another detailed feature of the present invention, the matrix metal is an Al alloy containing at least 0.5% or more of Ma, Zr, and Ca in total.

Further, according to the results of the experimental research conducted by the inventors of the present application, it was found that the total volume fraction of the reinforcing material and the fine pieces of the specific metal oxide in the compact was too low or too high, Satisfactorily penetrates the molten metal into the molded body. Thus, according to yet another detailed feature of the present invention, the total volume fraction of the reinforcing material and the fine particles of the specific metal oxide in the compact is set to 5-90%, preferably 7.5-85%. Is done.

Also, according to the results of the experimental research conducted by the inventors of the present application, the volume fraction of the specific metal oxide fine pieces contained in the molded body is a high value, and the molten metal of the matrix metal is favorably contained in the molded body. However, the greater the amount of the fine pieces of a specific metal oxide, the more the composition of the matrix metal changes depending on the type.
Therefore, according to yet another detailed feature of the present invention, the volume fraction of the specific metal oxide fine pieces in the compact is set to 45% or less, preferably 40% or less.

According to yet another particular feature of the invention, the shaped body has a predetermined shape and dimensions, only a part of which is infiltrated into the molten matrix metal. According to such a method, a composite material having a predetermined shape and dimensions can be efficiently produced at a very high yield without pressurizing the molten metal of the matrix metal or using a mold or the like for defining a predetermined product shape. It can be manufactured at low cost.

In the method of the present invention, the molded body may or may not be preheated, but it is preferable that the molded body be preheated so that the wettability of the fine particles of the reinforcing material and the metal oxide is improved. In this case, the preheating temperature may be lower than the preheating temperature conventionally performed for a molded body containing no specific metal oxide. In the present invention, the form of the fine particles of the specific metal oxide may be any form such as powder, short fiber, and whisker.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1 Metal fibers and metal powders shown in Table 1 below were prepared as reinforcing materials.

Next, the reinforcing material and an oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ , ZrO ₂ , Fe ₂ O ₃ ,
CeO ₂ , TiO ₂ , SnO, Cr ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ ) mixed with a sol (manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd.), the mixture is compression-molded, and the molded body is dried to obtain a reinforcing material. And a fine piece of the above oxide was formed.

The above reinforcing material, Ta ₂ O ₅ powder having an average particle size of 1.5 μm (manufactured by Mitsui Kinzoku Co., Ltd.), Nb ₂ O ₅ powder having an average particle size of 5 μm (manufactured by Mitsui Kinzoku Co., Ltd.), and PbO powder having a particle size of 1 to 2 μm (Manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Co., Ltd.), V ₂ O ₅ powder having an average particle size of 5 μm (manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Co., Ltd.), Bi ₂ O ₃ powder having an average particle size of 6 μm (manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Co., Ltd.), average particle size 10 μm ZnO powder (manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Co., Ltd.), MnO ₂ powder having a particle size of 1 to ₂ μm (manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Co., Ltd.), B ₂ O ₃ powder having an average particle size of 43 μm (manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Co., Ltd.), MnO ₃ powder with an average particle size of 3 μm (manufactured by Nippon Shinkin Co., Ltd.), WO ₃ powder with an average particle size of 0.55 μm (manufactured by Nippon Shinkin Co., Ltd.), Co ₃ O ₄ powder with an average particle size of 74 μm (Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. NiO with average particle size of 1.6μm
Powder (manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.) with an average particle size of 0.05 μm
MgO powder (manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.) is mixed in water, the mixture is compression-molded, and the compact is dried to form a compact comprising a reinforcing material and fine pieces of the oxide. Was formed.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the formed body 10 thus formed. In the figure, 12 indicates a reinforcing material, and 14 indicates a fine piece of a metal oxide. In this case, by changing the mixing ratio of the reinforcing material and the metal oxide powder, the volume ratio of the reinforcing material is 7%, and the weight ratio of the metal oxide to the reinforcing material is reduced.
10%, the volume ratio of the whole is 7.18 to 14.33%, and the volume ratio of the reinforcing material is 30%, the weight ratio of the metal oxide to the reinforcing material is 10%, and the total volume ratio is Is 30.5
4 to 51.99% of the compact was formed. Also, each compact
It had dimensions of 20 × 20 × 40 mm and the fine pieces of metal oxide were substantially uniformly dispersed in the compact.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, each molded body 10 was placed in a molten metal container 16 without preheating, and 700 ° C.
Was poured, and the molten metal was solidified without applying pressure. In this case, an aluminum alloy having a Mg content of 1% as a matrix metal (JIS standard AC8
A) and a magnesium alloy (JIS standard MC-2) were used.

Next, the composite material 20 formed in the original molded body portion is cut out from each of the solidified bodies manufactured as described above, and the central portion thereof is crossed in the transverse direction as shown by the phantom line 22 in FIG. After the cut surface was polished, the composite material was evaluated for the quality of the composite state by observing the substance and observing with an optical microscope.

The results of these evaluations are shown in Table 2 below when the matrix metal is an aluminum alloy, and in Table 3 when the matrix metal is a magnesium alloy. In these tables, ◎ indicates that both the macroscopic composite state and the microscopic composite state are good,
○ indicates that the macroscopic composite state is good,
Δ indicates that only partial composite was achieved, and x indicates that no composite was formed (the same applies to Tables 4 and 5 described later).

From Table 2 and Table 3, regardless of the type and volume ratio of the reinforcing material,
The molded body is W, Mo, Pb, Bi, V, Cu, Ni, Co, Sn, Mn,
It can be seen that good compounding is achieved when fine particles of oxides of B, Cr, Mg, Fe, Nb, Si, Zr, and Ta are included.

Although not shown as an example, it has been found that good compounding can be achieved also when the molded body contains two or more types of the above-mentioned fine oxide particles.

Comparative Example Only the same Ti fiber, Zr powder, and Si powder as the reinforcing material used in Example 1 described above were used.
%, 20%, and 60% were formed, and an attempt was made to produce a composite material for each of the formed bodies under the same conditions and conditions as in Example 1. However, no good composite was achieved in any of the molded articles.

Also, except that each of the compacts of the comparative example was used and the molten metal of the matrix metal was pressed at various pressures using a high-pressure casting device, the composite was formed in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1. Tried to manufacture the material. As a result, it was found that it is necessary to pressurize the molten metal of the matrix metal at a pressure of at least 100 kg / m ² or more in order to achieve a good composite.

Example 2 As shown in Example 1 described above, it is preferable that the reinforcing material compact contains fine particles of a specific metal oxide. We examined whether the value is appropriate.

First, a molded body composed of the reinforcing material shown in Table 4 below and a fine piece of a metal oxide was formed.
A composite material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 using the molten metal of the matrix metal shown in (1), and the quality of the composite state was evaluated for each composite material at the same capacity as in Example 1. .

The metal fibers and metal powders were the same as those shown in Table 1, and the weight ratio of the metal oxide fine pieces to the reinforcing material was 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30
Set to%. In addition, JIS standard AC4D, JIS with Mg content of 0.5%, 1% and 10% respectively as matrix metal
Three types of aluminum alloys of standard AC8A, JIS standard AC7B,
And three kinds of magnesium alloys of JIS standard MC-2, JIS standard MC-7 and JIS standard MC-8 were used.

The results of these evaluations are shown in Table 4 below. From Table 4,
In order to achieve good composite, the weight ratio of the metal oxide fine pieces to the reinforcing material is preferably 3% or more, regardless of the type of the reinforcing material and the metal oxide and the composition of the matrix metal. I understand.

Example 3 As described in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-88 filed on the same date as the present application by the same applicant as the present application, Mg, Ca and Zn in an aluminum alloy as a matrix metal are metals. It has the effect of improving the wettability of other reinforcing materials.

Therefore, when the reinforcing material is made of metal, the effectiveness of these elements was examined.

As shown in Table 5 below, the same molding as that of Example 2 was carried out except that a molded body composed of the same reinforcing material and fine pieces of metal oxide was formed and preheated to 350 ° C. A composite material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the quality of the composite state of each composite material was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. In this case, the matrix metal is used as JIS standard with Mg content of 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, and 10%, respectively.
AC1A, JIS standard AC4C, JIS standard AC4D, JIS standard AC7B, and J
0.3% Ca, 0.5% Zr, 0.7% M for IS standard AC4C
Seven types of aluminum alloys to which g was added were used. Table 5 shows the results of these evaluations.

From Table 5, when the matrix metal is an aluminum alloy, Mg of 0.5% or more or Mg of 0.5% or more in total,
It can be seen that when an aluminum alloy containing Ca or Zr is used, the composite is more preferably performed.

Although not shown as an example, it has been found that the compounding can be performed more favorably even when the aluminum alloy alone contains 0.5% or more of Ca.

Example 4 From a combination of a reinforcing material and a fine piece of a metal oxide, in which good composite was achieved in Example 1 described above (combinations in Tables 2 and 3 where the composite state is all ◎) In the same mixture as in Example 1 and the volume ratio of the reinforcing material and the weight ratio of the metal oxide fine pieces to the reinforcing material were 40 mm in outer diameter, 30 mm in inner diameter, and 30 mm in length as shown in FIG. A cylindrical molded body 24 having a length of 50 mm was formed. In FIG. 4, reference numerals 26 and 28 indicate fine pieces of the reinforcing material and the metal oxide, respectively. The same aluminum alloy (JIS standard AC8) as the matrix metal used in Example 1 was used as the matrix metal.
A) and a melt of a magnesium alloy (JIS standard MC-2) were prepared.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the upper end of each compact 24 is held by a tweezer-shaped holder 30 without preheating, and the lower end of each compact 24 is stored in a molten metal container 32.
It was brought into contact with a matrix metal melt 34 at 0 ° C. Then, the molten metal of the matrix metal permeated from the lower end to the upper end of each compact within 3 to 10 seconds. After the molten metal completely permeated the entire molded body, the molded body was separated from the molten metal as shown in FIG. 6, and the molten metal was solidified as it was. In this case, the molten metal remained attached to the molded body due to surface tension until it solidified, and did not substantially drip from the molded body.

Next, when the dimensions of the composite material cylinder thus manufactured were measured, the outer diameter, the inner diameter, and the length were 39 to 41, respectively.
mm, 29 to 30 mm, and 48 to 50 mm, and it was confirmed that each cylindrical body had substantially the same shape and dimensions as the original molded body. Further, when each cylindrical body was cut and its composite state was examined, it was confirmed that the matrix metal was sufficiently filled up to the surface without any excess or shortage in any of the cylindrical bodies.

As described above, according to the present invention, a composite material in which the matrix metal is well filled between the individual reinforcing materials can be efficiently and inexpensively compared with the conventional method without pressurizing the melt of the matrix metal. It will be understood that the present invention can be manufactured, and that a casting made of a composite material having a predetermined shape and dimensions can be manufactured very efficiently and at a high yield without using a mold or the like.

In the above Examples 1, 2 and 4, the molded body was not preheated. However, in these Examples, it is possible to achieve good compounding even when the molded body is preheated. Has been confirmed.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to some embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various other embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. Will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a molded body composed of a reinforcing material and a fine piece of a metal oxide, and FIG. 2 is a composite material manufactured according to the method of the present invention using the molded body shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded view showing an embodiment, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a composite material manufactured by the method shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a cylindrical molded body made of a reinforcing material and fine pieces of metal oxide. Perspective view showing the fifth
The figure is an illustrative view showing a state where the lower end of the molded body is immersed in the molten metal of the matrix metal, and FIG. 6 is an illustrative view showing a state where the molded body is pulled up from the molten metal of the matrix metal. 10… compression molding, 12… reinforcement, 14… metal oxide fine piece, 16… mold, 18 …… matrix metal melt, 20…
… Composite material, 24… compression molding, 26 …… reinforcing material, 28 …… metal oxide fine piece, 30 …… folder, 32 …… melt container, 34
...... Molten matrix metal

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Atsushi Tanaka 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation (72) Inventor Yoshiaki Kajikawa 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation (72) Invention Tetsuya Nomi 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation (56) References JP-A-62-107038 (JP, A) JP-A-56-15470 (JP, A) JP-A 49-49 42504 (JP, A) JP-A-61-210137 (JP, A) JP-A-61-165265 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A reinforcing material selected from the group consisting of short metal fibers, metal particles, and mixtures thereof, and W, Mo, Pb, B
i, V, Cu, Ni, Co, Sn, Mn, B, Cr, Mg, Fe, Nb, S
i, Zr, oxides of Ta, and a fine piece of a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of mixtures thereof to form a molded article substantially uniformly mixed, including a compact, A metal matrix composite in which at least a part thereof is brought into contact with a molten metal of a matrix metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Al alloy, and Mg alloy, and the molten metal is penetrated into the compact without substantially applying pressure. Material manufacturing method.