JP2576053B2 - Disc cutter wear detection method, rotation detection device, and wear detection device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disk cutter wear detecting method for detecting the amount of wear of a disk cutter provided on a cutter head of a tunnel excavator, and a disk cutter rotation detecting device and a wear detecting device. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a tunnel excavator for excavating a tunnel, a cutter head is rotatably provided at a front portion of an excavator body for propelling underground, and a cutting face is provided by a disk cutter attached to a front surface of the cutter head. Is configured to be excavated.

However, since the disc cutter wears out during use for a long time and the excavating force is reduced, conventionally, a detection rod is protruded from the back surface of the disk cutter toward the face by hydraulic pressure, and the detection rod is The wear of the disk cutter is detected based on the amount of wire fed out to the
When the wear amount reaches a predetermined value, the disk cutter is replaced.

[0004] On the other hand, in such a disk cutter, it is necessary to supply grease to the bearing portion when the rotation is not smoothly performed during excavation of the ground or to replace it in some cases. It is desirable to provide a rotation detecting device for accurately grasping whether or not the rotation of the disk cutter is performed smoothly. Conventionally, as such a rotation detecting device, for example, those disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-171495 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-17675 are known. In the rotation detection devices disclosed in these publications, a metal piece or the like for rotation detection is provided on a peripheral surface of a disk cutter (roller cutter), and a proximity switch is provided so as to face the metal piece or the like. Each time a metal piece or the like approaches the proximity switch, a signal is issued from the proximity switch to blink the indicator light, and the blinking state detects the rotation state of the disk cutter.

[0005]

However, in the conventional wear detecting device which detects the wear amount of the disk cutter by protruding the detection rod, if the detection rod is protruded during excavation, the detection rod is damaged by earth pressure. For this reason, it is difficult to detect wear during excavation, and when uneven wear occurs on the disk cutter due to poor rolling of the disk cutter, the amount of wear of the disk cutter cannot be accurately detected. There was a point.

Further, in the conventional rotation detecting devices disclosed in the above publications, the proximity switch is provided at a position facing the peripheral surface of the disk cutter. There is a problem in that it is easily damaged by contact with the debris or soil and water.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has as its first object to enable accurate detection of the amount of wear of a disk cutter even during excavation. Second, it is another object of the present invention to provide a rotation detecting device capable of preventing damage during excavation and enduring long-term use.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a method for detecting wear of a disk cutter according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
A method for detecting wear of a disk cutter in a tunnel excavator in which a plurality of disk cutters for excavating a cutting face are rotatably provided on the cutter head, comprising: a rotation number of the disk cutter; a rotation number of the cutter head; The amount of wear of the disk cutter is calculated based on the mounting diameter of the disk cutter.

In such a disk cutter wear detecting method, the number of rotations of the disk cutter is detected, and the amount of wear of the disk cutter is determined based on the detected number of rotations, the number of rotations of the cutter head, and the mounting diameter of the disk cutter. Is calculated, it is possible to detect the wear amount of the disk cutter in real time even during digging. Therefore, the replacement time of the disk cutter can be easily and accurately grasped, and a good excavating force can always be secured. In addition, since the rotational state of the disk cutter, that is, the rolling failure can be detected by the rotation speed signal of the disk cutter, uneven wear due to the rolling failure can be prevented.

A disk cutter rotation detecting apparatus according to the present invention is directed to a tunnel excavator in which a cutter head is rotatably provided at a front portion and a plurality of disk cutters for excavating a face are rotatably provided on the cutter head. A rotation detector for a disk cutter, wherein a rotation detector for detecting the number of rotations of the disk cutter is provided in the disk cutter.

In such a disk cutter rotation detecting device, since the rotation detector is provided in the disk cutter, the rotation detector and the member to be detected detected by the rotation detector are cut debris. The rotation detecting device can be prevented from being damaged by water and earth and water, and can withstand long-term use.

Next, a wear detecting device for a disk cutter according to the present invention is a tunnel excavator in which a cutter head is rotatably provided at a front portion, and a plurality of disk cutters for excavating a face are rotatably provided on the cutter head. (A) a rotation detector for detecting the number of rotations of the disk cutter, and (b) a number of rotations of the disk cutter detected by the rotation detector, and a number of rotations of the cutter head. And an arithmetic processing unit for calculating the wear amount of the disk cutter based on the mounting diameter of the disk cutter.

In such a disk cutter wear detecting device, the wear amount of the disk cutter can be detected in real time even during the excavation, as in the above-described disk cutter wear detection method. It can also be prevented.

In this disk cutter wear detecting device, it is preferable that the rotation detector is provided in the disk cutter. This prevents the rotation detector and the member to be detected detected by the rotation detector from being damaged by the cut debris or earth and water.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A description will now be given, with reference to the drawings, of a specific embodiment of a disk cutter wear detecting method, a rotation detecting device, and a wear detecting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a system configuration diagram of an apparatus for detecting wear of a disk cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
A plurality of disk cutters 1 according to the present embodiment are mounted on a front surface of a cutter head (not shown) of a tunnel excavator (one of them is shown in FIG. 1), and is a hub formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. 1a, and a cutter ring 1b protruding from a central outer peripheral surface of the hub 1a. A fixed shaft 2 is mounted on a front surface of the cutter head via a retainer 3, and a hub 1 a of the disk cutter 1 is rotatably supported on the fixed shaft 2 via a bearing 4. A seal 5 is provided between both ends of the hub 1a and the retainer 3 for preventing earth and sand from entering the bearing 4.
Is provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, a magnetic scale 6 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 1a between the bearings 4 in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic scale 6 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed shaft 2 between the bearings 4. A rotation detector 7 for detecting the rotation of the disk cutter 1 by the magnetic scale 6 is provided opposite to. A cable 8 connected to the rotation detector 7
Is a passage 2 formed in the fixed shaft 2 and the retainer 3.
a, 3a.

The rotation speed of the disk cutter 1 detected by the rotation detector 7 is guided by a cable 8 through a cutter head into a shield main body, and is taken into an arithmetic processing unit 9 provided in the shield main body. Has become.
The arithmetic processing unit 9 calculates the amount of wear of the disk cutter 1 from the pulse signal input from the rotation detector 7 and displays it on a display device or the like as described later.

The arithmetic processing unit 9 may be installed in the starting shaft where the shield main body has started or on the ground near the starting shaft.

Next, the operation of the wear detecting device of this embodiment will be described.

In the tunnel excavator of the present embodiment, when the shield body is propelled into the ground while rotating the cutter head, the disk cutter 1 is rotated by friction with the face, and the face is excavated. After being taken into the cutter head, it is discharged to the rear of the shield body by the earth discharging device.

During the excavation, the magnetic scale 6 is rotated with the rotation of the disk cutter 1, and the rotation number of the disk cutter 1 is detected by the rotation detector 7. The rotation speed detected in this way is the cable 8
Is input to the arithmetic processing unit 9 via the.

The arithmetic processing unit 9 has a mounting diameter D when the disk cutter 1 is mounted on the cutter head.
(Mm) and the number of rotations N (rpm) of the cutter head are input in advance. Based on the input data and the signal from the rotation detector 7, the arithmetic processing unit 9 calculates the amount of wear of the disk cutter 1 as follows. As for the rotation speed N of the cutter head, a cutter head rotation detector may be provided to measure the rotation speed of the cutter head, and the output thereof may be taken into the arithmetic processing unit 9.

The number of pulses generated per rotation of the disk cutter 1 is a (times / rev), and the diameter of the cutter is d (m).
m), assuming that the number of pulses to be measured is X (times / min), the rotational speed of the disk cutter 1 is given by X / a, so that the following equation holds. πD · N = πd · X / a The cutting diameter d to be obtained from this equation is as follows. d = aDN / X (mm) ...

The cutting 1b obtained by this equation
Is always calculated and output to a display device, which is displayed on the display device. Thus, the wear amount of the disk cutter 1 can be known in real time by observing the diameter of the cutter ring 1b displayed on the display device. Therefore, when the wear amount of the disk cutter 1 reaches a predetermined value, the disk cutter 1 may be replaced.

According to the present embodiment, it is possible to know whether or not the disk cutter 1 is rotating based on the signal from the rotation detector 7, so that it is also possible to detect uneven wear due to poor rolling of the disk cutter 1. it can.

In this embodiment, a plurality of magnetic scales 6 are arranged all around the inner peripheral surface of the hub 1a. However, the number of the magnetic scales 6 is determined as long as the rotation speed can be detected.
a) It may be partially disposed on the inner peripheral surface, or may be one in some cases.

In this embodiment, a rotation detector using a magnetic scale is used, but a magnet may be used instead of the magnetic scale. Further, other known proximity switches of an eddy current type, a photoelectric type, an ultrasonic type, and the like can be used.

In this embodiment, the cutter diameter is always calculated. However, in consideration of the fact that the value of the cutter diameter fluctuates due to a slight change in the rotation state or a measurement error, the value of the cutter diameter in a predetermined time is considered. The average value of the ring diameters may be determined, and the wear state may be determined based on the change in the average value. Instead of displaying the cutter diameter, the wear amount may be calculated and displayed.

It goes without saying that the present invention can be applied not only to a shield machine but also to a tunnel excavator such as a tunnel boring machine for excavating rock.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of an apparatus for detecting wear of a disk cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 disk cutter 6 magnetic scale 7 rotation detector 9 arithmetic processing unit

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cutter head is rotatably provided at a front portion,
A method for detecting wear of a disk cutter in a tunnel excavator in which a plurality of disk cutters for excavating a cutting face are rotatably provided on the cutter head, comprising: a rotation number of the disk cutter; a rotation number of the cutter head; A wear amount of the disk cutter is calculated based on a mounting diameter of the disk cutter. 2. A cutter head is rotatably provided at a front portion,
A disk cutter rotation detecting device in a tunnel excavator in which a plurality of disk cutters for excavating a face are rotatably provided on the cutter head, wherein a rotation detector for detecting the number of rotations of the disk cutter is provided in the disk cutter. A rotation detecting device for a disk cutter. 3. A cutter head is rotatably provided at a front portion,
A device for detecting wear of a disk cutter in a tunnel excavator in which a plurality of disk cutters for excavating a cutting face are rotatably provided on the cutter head, comprising: (a) a rotation detector for detecting a rotation speed of the disk cutter; b) a disk which comprises an arithmetic processing unit for calculating the amount of wear of the disk cutter based on the number of rotations of the disk cutter detected by the rotation detector, the number of rotations of the cutter head, and the mounting diameter of the disk cutter; Cutter wear detector. 4. The disk cutter wear detecting device according to claim 3, wherein the rotation detector is provided in the disk cutter.