JP2575059B2 - Material for electric heating element made of Fe-Cr-Al alloy with low temperature coefficient of electrical resistivity - Google Patents
Material for electric heating element made of Fe-Cr-Al alloy with low temperature coefficient of electrical resistivityInfo
- Publication number
- JP2575059B2 JP2575059B2 JP1135765A JP13576589A JP2575059B2 JP 2575059 B2 JP2575059 B2 JP 2575059B2 JP 1135765 A JP1135765 A JP 1135765A JP 13576589 A JP13576589 A JP 13576589A JP 2575059 B2 JP2575059 B2 JP 2575059B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- temperature coefficient
- electrical resistivity
- heating element
- electric heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、加熱炉の発熱体やその他の一般電気発熱体
として使用されるFe−Cr−Al系合金よりなる電熱体用材
料に関し、特に温度係数の小さい電気比抵抗値を有する
Fe−Cr−Al系合金よりなる電熱体用材料に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a material for an electric heating element made of a Fe—Cr—Al alloy used as a heating element of a heating furnace or other general electric heating elements, and in particular, Has an electrical resistivity with a small temperature coefficient
The present invention relates to a material for an electric heating element made of an Fe-Cr-Al-based alloy.
（従来の技術） Fe−Cr−Al系電熱合金は、電気比抵抗値が大きく、且
つ大気中で高温酸化された場合、合金表面に化学的に安
定で絶縁性の高いアルミナ酸化膜が形成され、耐酸化性
が優れているため、加熱炉のヒーターエレメントや炉内
部品、或いは家庭製品の電熱線として広く使用されてい
る。(Prior art) Fe-Cr-Al-based electrothermal alloys have a large electrical resistivity and when oxidized at high temperature in the air, a chemically stable and highly insulating alumina oxide film is formed on the alloy surface. Because of its excellent oxidation resistance, it is widely used as a heater element of a heating furnace, parts in the furnace, or heating wires for household products.
従来、Fe−Cr−Al系電熱合金として使用されているも
のは、一般にCr:10〜30wt％、Al:2.5〜8wt％、残部Feで
あり、種々の微量添加元素を含んでいる。そして、この
範囲の合金が使用する高温で酸化しにくいこと、機械的
性質が良く、塑性加工が容易であること、電気比抵抗値
が高いこと等の電熱合金としての要件は具備している。Conventionally, those used as Fe-Cr-Al-based electrothermal alloys are generally Cr: 10 to 30 wt%, Al: 2.5 to 8 wt%, and the balance Fe, and contain various trace addition elements. The alloy in this range has requirements for an electrothermal alloy, such as being hardly oxidized at a high temperature used, having good mechanical properties, easy plastic working, and a high electric resistivity.
しかし、電熱合金に要求される特性の一つとして電気
比抵抗値の温度係数が小さいことである。すなわち、電
気比抵抗値の温度係数が大きいと電気炉等で温度の自動
制御を行なう場合、電圧電流関係が一義的に決まらず、
温度制御方法が難しくなり、また電気炉等の設計上、そ
れらを考慮しなければならないという問題点が生じるの
である。However, one of the characteristics required for the electrothermal alloy is that the temperature coefficient of the electrical resistivity is small. That is, when the temperature coefficient of the electrical resistivity is large, when performing automatic temperature control in an electric furnace or the like, the voltage-current relationship is not uniquely determined,
This causes a problem that the temperature control method becomes difficult, and that these must be taken into consideration in designing an electric furnace or the like.
電気比抵抗値の温度係数が０に近い材料（例えば１×
10-5（1/℃）以下）としては、Cu−Mn合金、Ag−Mn−Sn
合金の中にみられるが、これらの合金は、電気比抵抗値
が小さく電熱体材料とはなり得ない。A material having a temperature coefficient of electrical resistivity close to 0 (for example, 1 ×
10 -5 (1 / ° C) or less) includes Cu-Mn alloy, Ag-Mn-Sn
Although found in alloys, these alloys have low electric resistivity values and cannot be used as electric heater materials.
一般に、電気線として使用されている電熱体材料とし
て、Ni−Cr軽合金やFe−Cr−Al系合金があるが、これら
の電気比抵抗値の温度係数は前者については11×10-5/
℃程度、後者については６×10-5（1/℃）程度であっ
て、何れも電気抵抗値の温度係数が小さく満足すべき電
熱体材料とは言い難い。Generally, as an electric heating material used as an electric wire, there are Ni-Cr light alloy and Fe-Cr-Al-based alloy, and the temperature coefficient of these electric resistivity values is 11 × 10 -5 /
C., and about 6 × 10 −5 (1 / ° C.) for the latter, and it is hard to say that any of these materials has a small temperature coefficient of electric resistance and is satisfactory.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 本発明者等は、従来電熱体材料として使用されている
Fe−Cr−Al系合金について、その組成と電気比抵抗値の
温度係数との関係について種々検討した結果、CrとAlの
含有量と電気比抵抗値の温度係数との間にある関係があ
ることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至ったもので、本
発明の目的は、電気比抵抗値の温度係数が０に近いFe−
Cr−Al系合金よりなる電熱体用材料を提供するにある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present inventors have conventionally used an electric heating material.
As a result of various studies on the relationship between the composition and the temperature coefficient of the electrical resistivity of the Fe-Cr-Al-based alloy, there is a relationship between the Cr and Al contents and the temperature coefficient of the electrical resistivity. It has been found that the present invention has been completed, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the temperature coefficient of the electric resistivity of Fe-
An object of the present invention is to provide an electric heating element material made of a Cr-Al alloy.
（課題を解決するための手段） 本発明は、Cr:10〜25wt％、Al:1.5〜15wt％、残部Fe
及び不可避的不純物よりなり、鋼中に0.1〜10容量％の
割合でAl2O3を均一に分散させたFe−Cr−Al系合金より
なる電熱体用材料において、CrとAlの含有量が次式 9.6＜0.44Al（wt％）＋0.35Cr（wt％）＜9.8 で表わされる成分範囲にあることを特徴とする電熱体用
材料である。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides: Cr: 10 to 25 wt%, Al: 1.5 to 15 wt%, balance Fe
And consists of inevitable impurities, in electric heater material consisting of 0.1 to 10 volume% of the Fe-Cr-Al alloy with uniformly dispersing Al 2 O 3 in a proportion in the steel, the content of Cr and Al An electric heating element material having a component range represented by the following formula: 9.6 <0.44Al (wt%) + 0.35Cr (wt%) <9.8.
すなわち、本発明において、Cr:10〜25wt％、Al:1.5
〜15wt％、残部Fe及び不可避的不純物よりなり、鋼中に
Al2O3を均一に分散させたFe−Cr−Al系合金において、
上記の関係式を満足することによって電気比抵抗値の温
度係数が1000℃まで１×10-5（1/℃）以下にコントロー
ルすることができるのである。That is, in the present invention, Cr: 10 to 25 wt%, Al: 1.5
~ 15wt%, balance Fe and inevitable impurities, contained in steel
In Fe-Cr-Al alloy with uniformly dispersing Al 2 O 3,
By satisfying the above relational expression, the temperature coefficient of the electrical resistivity can be controlled to 1 × 10 −5 (1 / ° C.) or less up to 1000 ° C.
ところで、本発明において、上記成分範囲を有するFe
−Cr−Al合金とした理由は、この成分範囲が加工性を損
なうことなく、電気比抵抗値が高く、又耐食性、耐高温
酸化性をもたせることができるからである。By the way, in the present invention, Fe having the above component range
The reason for using a -Cr-Al alloy is that this component range can provide high electrical resistivity, corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance without impairing workability.
殊に、Al2O3を鋼中に分散させることにより、高い電
気比抵抗値を高温まで維持させることができる。Al2O3
量としては0.1〜10容量％であり、Al2O3の粒径は10μｍ
以下が適当である。In particular, by dispersing Al 2 O 3 in steel, a high electric resistivity can be maintained at high temperatures. Al 2 O 3
The amount is 0.1 to 10% by volume, and the particle size of Al 2 O 3 is 10 μm.
The following are appropriate:
なお、このAl2O3量は、合金成分のAl量とは別に測定
される。Note that this Al 2 O 3 amount is measured separately from the Al amount of the alloy component.
本発明におけるFe−Cr−Al合金よりなる電熱材料の製
造方法は特に限定されるものではなく、溶解方法、粉末
冶金法等何れの方法でも良い、ただ鋼にAl2O3を分散さ
せたFe−Cr−Al系合金の製造方法としてはAl2O3量のコ
ントロールが容易な粉末冶金が適している。The method for producing the electrothermal material comprising the Fe-Cr-Al alloy in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be any of a melting method, a powder metallurgy method, and the like, except that Al 2 O 3 is dispersed in steel. Powder metallurgy in which the amount of Al 2 O 3 can be easily controlled is suitable as a method for producing a Cr—Al alloy.
（作 用） 一般に、金属の電気比抵抗値は温度と共に増加する。
その理由は、温度の上昇と共に、原子の熱じょう乱が大
きくなり、原子間隔の規則性が減少し、したがって電子
の易動度が減少し、電気比抵抗値が増加する。(Operation) Generally, the electrical resistivity of a metal increases with temperature.
The reason is that as the temperature increases, the thermal disturbance of the atoms increases, the regularity of the interatomic distance decreases, and therefore the mobility of electrons decreases, and the electrical resistivity increases.
しかし、Fe−Cr−Al合金の場合、CrとAlとの含有量の
関係で上述の一般則とは異なった挙動を示し、温度の上
昇と共に電気比抵抗値が減少する現像が現われる。However, in the case of the Fe-Cr-Al alloy, a behavior different from the above-described general rule is exhibited due to the relationship between the contents of Cr and Al, and development in which the electrical resistivity decreases with an increase in temperature appears.
Fe−Cr−Al合金において、Cr:20wt％と一定としてAl
含有量を変化させた場合の電気比抵抗値の温度変化を測
定したところ、第１図のような関係にあることを見出し
た。In a Fe-Cr-Al alloy, Cr: 20 wt%
When the temperature change of the electric resistivity value when the content was changed was measured, it was found that the relationship was as shown in FIG.
そこで、第１図の温度と比抵抗値の関係をAl量の含有
量についてさらに詳細に検討し、Al量の含有量に対する
ΔR/R0・Δｔ・1/Tの変化率を求めたところ、鋼中にAl2
O3の分散した場合及びAl2O3のない場合において、第２
図に示す直線が得られた。同様にして、Cr量の含有量に
対しても同じような直線が得られた。これらの図面につ
いて詳細に検討した結果、結局、比抵抗値の温度係数と
Al量、Cr量との関係は次のように整理される。Therefore, the relationship between the temperature and the specific resistance value in FIG. 1 was examined in more detail with respect to the content of the Al amount, and the rate of change of ΔR / R 0 · Δt · 1 / T with respect to the Al content was determined. Al 2 in steel
When O 3 is dispersed and when Al 2 O 3 is not present, the second
The straight line shown in the figure was obtained. Similarly, a similar straight line was obtained for the Cr content. After examining these drawings in detail, the temperature coefficient of the resistivity
The relationship between the Al content and the Cr content is summarized as follows.
鋼中にAl2O3を含まない場合、 温度係数＝0.95×10-3−0.39×10-4Al（wt％） 温度係数＝0.95×10-3−0.36×10-4Cr（wt％） 鋼中にAl2O3を含む場合、 温度係数＝0.97×10-3−0.44×10-4Al（wt％） 温度係数＝0.97×10-3−0.35×10-4Cr（wt％） この２式を基に温度係数が１×10-5/℃以下のCr量、A
l量の関係を求めることにより、特許請求の範囲が得ら
れる。When Al 2 O 3 is not contained in the steel, the temperature coefficient is 0.95 × 10 −3 −0.39 × 10 −4 Al (wt%) The temperature coefficient is 0.95 × 10 −3 −0.36 × 10 −4 Cr (wt%) When Al 2 O 3 is included in the steel, the temperature coefficient is 0.97 × 10 −3 −0.44 × 10 −4 Al (wt%) The temperature coefficient is 0.97 × 10 −3 −0.35 × 10 −4 Cr (wt%) Amount of Cr with temperature coefficient of 1 × 10 -5 / ° C or less based on Equation 2, A
By determining the relationship between the quantities, the claims are obtained.
実 施 例 第１表に示す組成について、溶製法と粉末冶金法によ
りそれぞれ製造した。溶製法とは、大気誘導炉で溶解
し、8mmに鍛造し、熱間圧延、冷間圧延を経て最終0.2mm
の板を製造し、1000℃×５分の真空熱処理をした方法を
云う。粉末冶金法とは、Fe粉、Cr粉及び一部Al2O3を含
むAl粉をＶ型ミキサーにて混合し、その後、双ロール間
に挿入して0.5mmに粉末圧延し、焼結、冷間圧延を経て
最終0.2mmの板を製造し、更に1000℃×５分の熱処理を
した方法を云う。EXAMPLES The compositions shown in Table 1 were produced by a melting method and a powder metallurgy method, respectively. Melting method is melting in an air induction furnace, forging to 8 mm, hot rolling, cold rolling and final 0.2 mm
Is manufactured by performing a vacuum heat treatment at 1000 ° C. for 5 minutes. Powder metallurgy method is to mix Fe powder, Cr powder and Al powder partially containing Al 2 O 3 with a V-type mixer, then insert between twin rolls, powder-roll to 0.5 mm, sinter, This method refers to a method in which a final 0.2 mm plate is manufactured through cold rolling and then heat-treated at 1000 ° C. for 5 minutes.
これらの材料をJIS C2526に基づいて、室温〜1000℃
までの電気比抵抗値を測定し、それらの温度係数を求め
た。この表より明らかなように、本発明鋼の電気比抵抗
値の温度係数は１×10-5（1/℃）以下と実用上電気比抵
抗値の温度変化はないFe−Cr−Al系合金である。Room temperature to 1000 ℃ based on JIS C2526
Were measured, and their temperature coefficients were determined. As is clear from this table, the steel of the present invention has a temperature coefficient of electric resistivity of 1 × 10 −5 (1 / ° C.) or less, and is a Fe—Cr—Al-based alloy that has no practical temperature change in electric resistivity. It is.
（発明の効果） 本発明は、特定範囲のFe−Cr−Al系合金において、室
温から1000℃の範囲で電気比抵抗値の温度係数が１×10
-5（1/℃）以下と実用上電気比抵抗値の温度変化がない
電熱体用材料を提供することができるのである。 (Effect of the Invention) The present invention provides a Fe—Cr—Al alloy in a specific range in which the temperature coefficient of electric resistivity is 1 × 10 in a range from room temperature to 1000 ° C.
Thus, it is possible to provide a material for an electric heating element having a temperature of -5 (1 / ° C.) or less and a practically no change in electric resistivity.
第１図は種々のFe−20Cr−Al系合金の電気比抵抗値の温
度変化、第２図はFe−20Cr−Al系合金のAl含有量と電気
比抵抗値の温度係数の関係を示す。FIG. 1 shows the temperature change of the electrical resistivity of various Fe-20Cr-Al alloys, and FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the Al content of the Fe-20Cr-Al alloy and the temperature coefficient of the electrical resistivity.
Claims (1)
及び不可避的不純物よりなり、鋼中に0.1〜10容量％の
割合でAl2O3を均一に分散させたFe−Cr−Al系合金より
なる電熱体用材料において、CrとAlの含有量が次式 9.6＜0.44Al（wt％）＋0.35Cr（wt％）＜9.8 で表わされる成分範囲にあることを特徴とする電熱体用
材料。(1) Cr: 10 to 25 wt%, Al: 1.5 to 15 wt%, balance Fe
And consists of inevitable impurities, in electric heater material consisting of 0.1 to 10 volume% of the Fe-Cr-Al alloy with uniformly dispersing Al 2 O 3 in a proportion in the steel, the content of Cr and Al An electric heating element material having a component range represented by the following formula: 9.6 <0.44Al (wt%) + 0.35Cr (wt%) <9.8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1135765A JP2575059B2 (en) | 1989-05-31 | 1989-05-31 | Material for electric heating element made of Fe-Cr-Al alloy with low temperature coefficient of electrical resistivity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1135765A JP2575059B2 (en) | 1989-05-31 | 1989-05-31 | Material for electric heating element made of Fe-Cr-Al alloy with low temperature coefficient of electrical resistivity |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH032356A JPH032356A (en) | 1991-01-08 |
| JP2575059B2 true JP2575059B2 (en) | 1997-01-22 |
Family
ID=15159341
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1135765A Expired - Lifetime JP2575059B2 (en) | 1989-05-31 | 1989-05-31 | Material for electric heating element made of Fe-Cr-Al alloy with low temperature coefficient of electrical resistivity |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2575059B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5644284A (en) * | 1994-04-27 | 1997-07-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Temperature sensor |
| WO2009084453A1 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-09 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Sheath heater and glow plug |
| CN104975139B (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2017-08-04 | 常熟市电热合金材料厂有限公司 | A kind of method that Fe-based perovskite-like oxide is produced with scrap iron |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62280348A (en) * | 1986-05-28 | 1987-12-05 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Fe-cr-al alloy sintered body |
-
1989
- 1989-05-31 JP JP1135765A patent/JP2575059B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH032356A (en) | 1991-01-08 |
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