JP2566388B2 - Shutter blocks used in concrete building methods - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to shutter blocks, such as polystyrene shutter blocks, used in methods of concrete construction.

Existing shutter blocks such as those described in European Patent Nos. 0137105 and 0092693 can be difficult to use. This is due to the complex means of joining one block to another, and often the lack of a suitable means for supporting the stiffening rod in the shutter block.

These existing shutter blocks rely on a complex array of spigots and clearances that require an exact fit. The spout is easily damaged. The clearance groove is easily filled with foreign material such as dust and concrete. Due to the size of the escape groove, it is difficult to detect and remove foreign matter. Such damage and contamination make the shutter block difficult and sometimes impossible to fit accurately. Exact fit is required to prevent concrete leaks. Existing coupling means for shutter block means do not allow the shutter blocks to slide along the tops of each other, thus making it difficult to compensate for irregular coupling in the walls.

The reinforcement rods required for many concrete constructions can be placed using existing shutter blocks,
It is difficult to keep its position.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple and quick means for joining one shutter block to the other, while at the same time allowing the reinforcing rod to be fast and firmly fixed in place. This will enable a quick and effective method of concrete construction.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description below.

In one aspect, the present invention provides for a shutter block, the shutter block including two regularly spaced shutter walls, each shutter wall having a continuous ridge and a continuous ridge at its top. Has a continuous relief groove at the bottom,
A web is used to connect the shutter walls, which web is adapted to hold the reinforcing rod against its top and / or bottom.

It should be appreciated that continuous relief grooves and continuous ridge inverse arrangements are also intended to be covered by the present invention.

Suitably, one or more dividers may be used to close a particular or any open end of the shutter block or to form a compartment within the shutter block. By locating one or more individual shutter blocks together, a larger shutter wall joined by one or more webs adapted to hold the stiffening rod against the top and bottom of the webs. It is formed.

Preferably, on the inner surface of the shutter wall, a complementary portion of the divider is available for fitting to close the open end of the shutter or creating a compartment in the shutter block,
A forming groove is included.

Suitably, the shaped groove may be dovetailed or nearly dovetailed with the curved end.

One of the outer surfaces of the shutter wall can include a dovetailed or such shaped groove to help the outer gypsum coating adhere to the wall.

Suitably, the shutter wall is corrugated at its outer and end faces.

Combining different numbers of shutter blocks and different shapes results in a suitably shaped concrete building.

According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a means for manufacturing a shutter block, wherein one web, or a plurality of webs, is placed between two molds of shutter walls filled with polystyrene spheres or similar material. Provided. The polystyrene spheres in the mold are superheated and expand to form two shutter walls that are joined by at least one web.

Suitably, the mold filled with polystyrene spheres can be superheated to form a divider.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the divider mold comprises:
Means are provided for manufacturing shutter blocks filled with polystyrene spheres or similar materials. The polystyrene spheres in the mold are overheated and expand to form a divider.

The shutter wall and the divider are removed from the mold by blast compressed air.

Further aspects of the invention to be considered in all the novel aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following description, which is made by means of illustration only.

Examples of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following accompanying drawings, FIG. 1 shows a side elevation view of a shutter wall (which forms an exemplary part of the present invention).

FIG. 2 shows a top view of a pair of web-connected shutter blocks to form an exemplary shutter block according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows an end elevational view of the shutter wall shown in FIG. 2 with the web joining the shutter walls together.

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a shutter block according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a top view of an end wall block, or divider, for the shutter block shown in FIG.

6 shows an end view of the end wall or divider shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 shows a side view of the end wall or divider shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

FIG. 8 shows an isometric view of the end wall or divider shown in FIGS. 5-7. FIG. 9 is a side view of a partially molded web of the shutter block shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 shows an end cross-sectional view of the corrugated web shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 shows an isometric view of the forming web shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.

FIG. 12 shows a top view of a right turn angle block according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 shows an arrow X- of the right turning angle block shown in FIG.
Shows an elevation view in the X direction.

FIG. 14 shows an elevation view of the square block shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 in the direction of arrow YY (FIG. 12).

FIG. 15 shows an isometric view of the angular block shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.

FIG. 16 shows a top view of the shutter block shown in FIGS. 2 and 5 and an elevated floor unit used with the end wall blocks.

FIG. 17 shows an elevation view of the elevated floor unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 18 shows an end elevation view of the elevated floor unit shown in FIGS. 16 and 17.

FIG. 19 shows an isometric view of the elevated floor unit shown in FIGS. 16-18.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the shutter block is
It consists of two regularly spaced shutter walls 1, 2 of equal size.

The inner surface of each of the shutter walls 1, 2 includes a plurality of similarly dimensioned, dovetail-shaped fastening grooves 4. The dovetail-like grooves 4 are grouped into four sets 5, which are regularly spaced along the shutter wall. The shutter walls 1, 2 are joined by a web 3 (shown in detail in FIGS. 9 to 11) positioned between the sets of grooves 5 at intervals 6 along the shutter walls. The space between each set 5 of grooves 4 is at least twice the space 8 between each individual dovetail groove of set 5.

Each of the shutter walls 1 and 2 has a top surface or a bottom surface,
It has a continuous ridge 9 or a continuous relief groove 10 (FIG. 3). If the shutter walls 1, 2 have a continuous relief groove 10 at their top, the bottom will have a continuous ridge 9. The continuous ridges 10 are in relation to each other at the top or bottom to fit into the continuous relief groove 9 of a similar shutter wall.

The outer surface 11 and the end surface 12 of each shutter wall 1, 2 are preferably wavy.

The shutter walls 1, 2 can be connected by at least one of the webs 3. The web 3 has two shutter walls 1, 2
, And has a width dimension smaller than the overall width of the pair of shutter walls 1, 2 as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4.

The web 3 may be stamped or cast from a sheet of material, preferably metal. An example of the structure of the web is shown in FIGS. 9 to 11. The web 3 before being folded into the shape shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is shown in FIG.

The shape and dimensions of the web are symmetrical with respect to the horizontal axis AA and the vertical axis BB.

In use, the web 3 is folded along horizontal bend lines C-C and D-D and can also be folded along vertical bend lines (although an alternative is not shown).

The web 3 also has a flange 15 on either side of the web 3.
To form lines EE and FF
You can also fold along.

The web 3 comprises four similar sites 16 for fixing the reinforcing rods. Site 16 includes ears 17 that can be twisted to the open position, resulting in site 16 and ears.
Reinforcing rods of a size smaller than the clearance formed between the 17 can be easily arranged in the clearance. next,
The ear 17 is twisted back to the closed position, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, so that the reinforcing rod is locked in place. It should be appreciated that variations in the number and arrangement of sites are possible as long as there is at least one site on the top and bottom of the web 3.

The web 3 further enables the formation of glued beams when the space between the shutter walls is filled with concrete,
It is configured to include two larger reliefs 19 and 20 for securing one or more reinforcing rods (not shown).
Any reinforcements held in the larger reliefs 19, 20 are held in place by wire rope (not shown).

Top surface of divider 13 or end wall (FIGS. 5-8)
21 or bottom surface 22 has a single anchoring ridge 14 or a single anchoring relief groove 15. If the divider 13 has a single fastening ridge 14 on its bottom face, the divider 13 has a single fastening relief groove 15 on its top face. Single ridge
14 are in a relationship that fits in a single relief groove 15. The side surface 23 of the divider 13 is dovetail-shaped, and is therefore adapted to be inserted into the dovetail-shaped groove 4 of the shutter wall. The divider 13 can be inserted such that a single anchored ridge 14 at the top of the divider 13 corresponds to a continuous ridge at the top of the shutter wall. In another option, a single fixed clearance groove at the top of the divider 13 corresponds to a continuous clearance groove at the top of the shutter wall.

In use, the shutter block is formed by positioning at least one web in the mold before the two shutter walls are formed by heating the polystyrene spheres placed in the mold. The divider is formed by heating a mold filled with polystyrene beads against the end wall.

12 to 15 show an example of the angular shutter block 24. This structure of blocks has a web 3 similar to the web shown in FIGS. The total length of the walls 25, 26 is
It is the module length of the standard block shown in FIG. This allows assembly of standard block configurations. The inner wall 27 of the block 24 has a dovetail groove 4 of the same type as the dovetail groove of the standard block. Similarly, the upper end 8 has a ridge 29, while the lower end 30 has a complementary clearance groove 31.

16 to 19 show the high floor unit 32. unit
32 is used around the floor plank, for example when doors or windows are to be placed. In this situation, the end of unit 32
33 is aligned with the outer wall of the floor plank. The concrete can then be flattened with a ruler along with the top surface 34 of the unit 32. The inner surface 35 of the unit 32 is also supported on this side by spacers 36 composed of polystyrene material. Spacers 36 are I-shaped (FIGS. 18 and 19) to allow reinforcement to fit along the edges of the floor plank.

In use, a plurality of shutter blocks are positioned in place, leaving room for windows and doors after a large quantity of floor planks have been supplied in place. These spaces can be sized relatively easily by cutting polystyrene material as needed and formed relatively easily. The divider is positioned when it is necessary to close off any open ends of the block.

After the reinforcements are in place and, if necessary, connected, the spaces between the walls of the block are filled with a suitable cement mixture. The exterior and interior are then finished with exterior plaster or similar coating if desired, or by placing internal siding such as give boards on the inner shutter wall.

In use, it is made of a galvanized iron material part that is mounted on the side of the inner surface of the upright wall with an angled part that is connected or fastened to the floor plank and fixed to the floor pad by a dynabolt. The reusable struts may stabilize the upright block walls.

The outer wall of the block is connected to the inner struts by wire rope to form a rigid framework for the concrete pouring in the block.

The shutter block forms a structure that can be used with the framework and struts to create a two-layer structure as well as a single-layer structure.

For stacking buildings or structures, including concrete walls, consisting of residential, commercial and industrial buildings,
Shutter blocks are available.

It is possible to combine all of the above components to make a shutter block that can be used with a reinforcing rod in concrete construction.

The scope of the invention is not limited to the described examples, and therefore
It should be understood that numerous variations and modifications can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention as described herein and in the appended claims.

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] 1. An upside down shutter block, comprising two regularly spaced shutter walls, each of which has a substantially constant cross-sectional shape and dimensions. Which has a ridge with a continuous and constant cross section at its top and a relief groove with a continuous and constant cross section at its bottom, wherein the two shutter walls are substantially constant between them. A plurality of generally flat webs integrally formed with flanges at each end are embedded in the two shutter walls, and the two shutter walls are Connecting the shutter walls so that they are symmetrical about an intermediate longitudinal vertical plane of the shutter block, each of the plurality of webs having a generally horizontal reinforcement at its top and bottom edges. It can be fixed the head 1
A shutter block having three or more deformable portions. 2. The shutter block of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of webs has a generally horizontal bending portion that is folded along a horizontal bending line. 3. The inner surface of the shutter wall includes a shaped groove in which the complementary portion of the divider is adaptable to close the open end of the shutter or create a compartment in the shutter block. The shutter block described in 2. 4. The shutter block according to claim 3, wherein the cross section of the molding groove is dovetail-shaped or substantially dovetail-shaped with curved edges. 5. The shutter block according to claim 1, wherein the shutter wall is corrugated on the outer surface and the end surface. 6. The shutter block according to claim 1, wherein the shutter wall is made of polystyrene. 7. A shutter block according to claim 1, wherein the web is composed of a metallic material such as galvanized copper. 8. A building in which concrete is filled in a formwork formed by positioning a plurality of shutter blocks according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein one or more dividers are inserted to close some open ends of the shutter block or to create compartments in some of the shutter blocks. Building. 10. A method of manufacturing a shutter block according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a web is disposed between two molds defining the shape of the shutter wall. Filling the mold with polystyrene spheres or similar material and heating the polystyrene spheres in the mold to expand the spheres,
And compressing, thereby forming two shutter walls joined by the web. 11. A step of filling a mold defining a shape of a divider with polystyrene spheres, heating the spheres,
Expanding and compressing the spheres to form a divider for a shutter block.