JP2548541B2 - Up-cut rotary tiller for deep tillage - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a rotary tilling device by upcut tillage, and more specifically, in an upcut tillage method suitable for deep tillage rotary tillage, the peripheral speed of the tiller rotor is determined so as to improve the backward throwing effect of the cut and tilled soil mass. It concerns a rotary tiller.

[Prior art]

Generally, a rotary tiller is equipped with a tilling rotor in which a rotary shaft is provided with a tilling claw via a claw attachment portion. By rotating the tiller rotor in the forward direction, the tiller, the crushed soil, and the The so-called down-cut cultivation method for performing work such as scraping, and the reverse rotation of the tilling rotor with respect to the traveling direction allows the tilling claws to cut the soil from the bottom of the tillage toward the ground surface, and perform the tillage and crushing work. The so-called up-cut cultivation method is known.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

By the way, the upcut cultivation method in the rotary tiller is smaller in both tilling energy and specific energy than the downcut cultivation method, but since the tilling reaction force is directed rearward, the traction resistance against the tractor becomes large and the tilling claw is increased. If the cutting soil due to is not thrown backward, the soil mass remains in the working area of the tilling rotor and is re-tilled, increasing the tilling energy. Therefore, in the conventional up-cut cultivating method, the cutting resistance is smaller than that in the down-cut cultivating method, and although it has the advantage of being able to cultivate deeply, the backward throwing effect of cutting soil is inferior, etc.
There are many problems in practical use, which is a cause of the delay in popularization. It is an object of the present invention to provide an upcut rotary tilling device for deep tillage, which aims to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks in the conventional upcut tillage method and to improve the backward throwing effect of cutting soil.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a rotary tiller 1 for use in upcut cultivation is used.
In the above, the axis O of the rotary shaft 5 is made to rotate downward from the vicinity of the ground surface, and the tilling claw 8 which is mounted on this rotary shaft 5 and constitutes the tilling rotor is rearward in the rotation direction from the attachment base to the rotary shaft 5. Forming a vertical blade portion 8a that is curved so as to gradually move away from the vertical blade portion 8a, and forms a horizontal blade portion 8b by bending the tip portion of the vertical blade portion 8a to one side at a substantially right angle, and the horizontal blade portion 8b.
A smooth rake face that is curved so that the inner side is concave and the outer side is convex with respect to the rotation direction, and the tip peripheral speed of the tilling claw 8 of the tilling rotor is adjusted by the horizontal blade portion 8b. Is set at a rotational speed and a rotational radius R that are at least 3 m / second or more necessary for the vehicle to be thrown backward.

[Action]

Based on the above configuration, according to the upcut rotary tilling device for deep plowing according to the present invention, in the horizontal blade portion formed on the tip side of the vertical blade portion of the tilling claw, the inner side is concave and the outer side is convex. The rake surface is curved so that the peripheral speed of the tilling rotor is 3 m or more per second and the radius of gyration is determined.The cutting is performed as the cultivated soil is cut from the bottom of the tillage toward the ground surface. The lumps of soil formed into slices are slid on the rake face of the horizontal blade, and are thrown rearward without remaining in the rotary action area of the rotary shaft. Since it is thrown to, the traction resistance of the tractor is small and deep plowing is possible.

【Example】

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic structure of a tilling apparatus suitable for upcut cultivation according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the shape of a tilling claw according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a II- of FIG. II
It is sectional drawing. In FIG. 1, a tilling device indicated by reference numeral 1 is mounted on a rear portion of an agricultural tractor so as to be vertically movable via a three-point link hitch mechanism (not shown), and a gear box 2 is provided at a central portion of the machine body. . An input shaft 3 is provided in the gear box 2 so as to project forward, and is connected to a PTO shaft of a tractor via a transmission shaft, a universal joint, etc., and a driving force is transmitted. The driving force transmitted from the input shaft 3 is reduced by a gear reduction mechanism or the like in the gear box 2 and is rotatably supported between the lower ends of the chain case 4 via the chain in the chain case 4 between the rotary shaft 5 and the rotary shaft 5. It is adapted to be transmitted to the forward or reverse rotation driving force. Here, the rotary shaft 5 is extended so as to be orthogonal to the advancing direction of the tiller 1, and the direction of rolling in the advancing direction is called forward rotation, and the opposite direction is called reverse rotation. The shaft 5 is driven so as to rotate in the reverse direction. Further, the rotary shaft 5 is a center drive system extending left and right of the chain case 4 installed at the center of the plowing width, the chain case installed at one end of the plowing width, and the support frame on the other end side. Driven by a side drive system that is axially supported between and, or a cassette drive system in which at least one or more rotary shafts 5 are axially supported by a plurality of chain cases 4 that are installed within a certain tillage width range. The drive method suitable for various tillage conditions is selected. On the other hand, the pawl mounting portion 6 is fixed to the rotary shaft 5 by welding or the like while maintaining a predetermined space in the lateral direction and the circumferential direction, and the pawl mounting portion 6 is orthogonal to the rotary shaft 5. A tilling claw 8 is fixed to a mounting hole, which is attached and drilled at the tip, through bolts, nuts 7 and the like, and constitutes a tilling rotor. The tillage rotor has a rotation speed and a rotation radius R such that the peripheral speed of the tip of the claw 8 is 3 m or more per second necessary for cutting the soil by the horizontal blade portion 8b described later and throwing the cut soil mass backward. The peripheral speed is 3.85 m / s when the working depth is 30 cm or more, and the peripheral speed is 3.6 m / s when the working depth is 20 to 30 cm.
It is set to a degree. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the tiller claw 8 has a vertical blade portion 8a which is curved so as to be gradually distant from the mounting base portion of the rotary shaft 5 toward the rear in the rotational direction. A horizontal blade portion 8b is formed by bending the tip of the blade substantially at a right angle to one side, and the horizontal blade portion 8b is curved in an arc shape with a radius r so that the inside is concave and the outside is convex with respect to the rotation direction. It forms a smooth rake face. Blade edges 8c and 8d are formed on the front edges of the vertical blade portions 8a to the horizontal blade portions 8b in the rotational direction. The starting end 8e of the horizontal blade portion 8b of the tilling claw 8 is a straight line m passing through the rotation center O of the rotary shaft 5 and the mounting hole 8f of the tilling claw 8.
A line n inclined by α degrees (about 10 degrees) to the rear of the rotation,
It is located at the intersection with the claw rotation radius R. Further, the blade edge 8d formed on the back face of the rake face of the horizontal blade portion 8b is formed along a straight line P having an obtuse angle θ with a line n passing through the starting end portion 8e of the horizontal blade portion 8b and the rotation center O. ing. Here, the embodiment in which the horizontal blade portion 8b of the tilling claw 8 is integrally forged with the vertical blade portion 8a has been described, but in order to improve the strength of the base portion of the tilling nail 8, a round bar, a square bar, The horizontal blade portion 8b is welded to the pipe material, or the worn horizontal blade portion 8b is detachably fixed so that it can be replaced.
It is also possible to adjust the mounting angle of 8b. Further, since the arcuate rake face formed on the horizontal blade portion 8b of the tilling claw 8 is heavily worn, the wear resistance alloy is used particularly in the predetermined range of the rake face of the horizontal blade portion 8b and the vertical blade portion 8a. It is possible to employ a means for applying a different coating 9 or attaching two different layers of wear resistant materials. The chain case 4 for transmitting the driving force to the rotary shaft 5 is inclined so that the rotary shaft 5 side is closer to the traveling direction, and is formed in front of the chain case 4 with rubber or plastic as shown in FIG. A soil adhesion preventing plate 10 made of elastic material is attached. Also, above the chain case 4 above the gear box 2
A rotary cover 11 suitable for the work of discharging the soil mass cut by the tilling claw 8 and thrown backward is attached to the lower part of the rotary claw 8. The rotary cover 11 is a shield installed above the claw rotating part. The cover 12, the side covers 13 that cover both sides of the plowing width of the rotary shaft 5, the front portion 14 installed in front of the shield cover 12, the apron 15 mounted behind the shield cover 12 so as to be vertically movable, and The sub-side cover 16 is attached to the side cover 13 so as to be vertically movable. The shape of the shield cover 12 is slightly forward of the uppermost end position of the claw rotation locus R, and the clearance between the tip of the tilling claw 8 and the shield cover 12 is minimized, and the shield cover 12 is inclined rearward from the top. It has been formed to improve the throwing effect of the soil mass by upcut cultivation. Next, the cultivating work of the upcut cultivating method using the cultivating device configured as described above will be described. First, the tillage claw 8 of the tillage rotor is formed into a shape suitable for upcut cultivation, and the rotary shaft 5 to which the tillage claw 8 is fixed approaches the front of the chain case 4,
Since the front space of the chain case 4 is large, the rotary shaft 5 is used in the upcut cultivation according to the present invention.
Is located below the ground surface G, and H / R (H is the working depth, R
Is capable of deep plowing with a claw turning radius) of 1 or more. Therefore, the tilling rotor rotates at a peripheral speed of 3 m or more per second, and the tilling claw 8 cuts the soil mass into slices as it cuts the cultivated soil from the tilling bottom toward the ground surface by the rake face of the horizontal blade portion 8b. Then, a crack is generated in the soil block near the ground surface, and while sliding on the rake face of the horizontal blade portion 8b, it is rotated in the direction opposite to the rotary shaft 5 and thrown backward. At this time, a part of the cut soil mass is held in the rake face of the horizontal blade portion 8b and passes through the inside of the claw rotation locus so that the cut cultivated soil is thrown rearward without leaving it in the rotary working area. There is almost no soil mass accumulated in front of the rotary shaft 5. For this reason, the soil mass once cultivated is not re-cultivated, and a large crack occurs on the uncultivated soil side (between 0 and 45 ° directly below the axis).
It is possible to grind the uncultivated soil in front of the chain case by simultaneously striking the tilling claws (cross center), and by reducing the resistance to compressing the uncultivated soil by the chain case, the required power can be reduced. Also, when the earth mass thrown by the horizontal blade portion 8b passes through the outer circumference of the claw rotation locus, it hits the shield cover 12 behind the minimum clearance position slightly forward of the uppermost end position of the claw rotation locus and strikes. Since it is crushed and falls behind the rotary shaft 5, no clods that increase the running resistance and traction resistance of the tractor are accumulated in front of the chain case 4 and in front of the rotary shaft 5.

【The invention's effect】

As described above in detail with reference to the embodiments, the upcut rotary tilling device for deep tillage of the present invention is arranged so that the tilling claws 8 of the tilling rotor are gradually moved away from the mounting base of the rotary shaft 5 toward the rear in the rotation direction. A vertical blade portion 8a that is curved is formed, and a horizontal blade portion 8b is formed by bending the tip portion of the vertical blade portion 8a to one side at a substantially right angle. Is a concave surface, and a smooth rake face that is curved so that the outside is a convex surface is formed, and the tip peripheral speed of the tilling claw 8 of the tilling rotor is necessary for throwing the soil mass cut by the horizontal blade portion 8b backward. It is configured to set the rotation speed and rotation radius R to be at least 3 m / sec or more, the rearward throwing effect of the cut and tilled soil mass is improved, and the tilling energy is reduced without re-tilling the tilled soil, which is small. Powered for deep plowing It is a function.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration diagram of a tilling device suitable for upcut cultivation according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the shape of a tilling claw according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a II of FIG. -II
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1 ... tilling device, 2 ... gear box, 3 ... input shaft, 4 ... chain case, 5 ... rotary shaft, 6 ...
Claw mounting part, 7 …… Bolt / nut, 8 …… Tilling claw, 8a
…… Vertical blade, 8b …… Horizontal blade, 8c, 8d …… Blade edge, 8e …… Starting part, 8f …… Mounting hole, 9 …… Coating, 10 …… Soil adhesion prevention plate, 11 …… Rotary Cover, 12 ... shield cover, 13 ... side cover, 14 ... front part, 15 ... apron, 16 ... sub-side cover.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takeshi Kobashi, 684 Nakamata, Okayama City, Kobashi Industry Co., Ltd. 684 Nakamata, Okayama-shi Kobashi Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Sakae Shibusawa 1-14 Nakabayashi, Nonoichi-cho, Ishikawa-gun, Ishikawa Prefecture (56) References JP-A 61-15601 (JP, A) 14402 (JP, Y1)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotary tiller (1) used for upcut cultivation, wherein an axis (O) of a rotary shaft (5) rotates downward from near the ground surface. Attached to the
The tilling claw (8) that constitutes the tilling rotor forms a vertical blade portion (8a) that is curved so as to gradually become distant toward the rear in the rotational direction from the mounting base portion to the rotary shaft (5), and this vertical blade portion (8a) A horizontal blade portion (8b) was formed by bending the tip of the blade to one side at a substantially right angle, and the horizontal blade portion (8b) was curved so that the inside was concave and the outside was convex with respect to the rotation direction. A smooth rake face is formed, and the tip peripheral speed of the tilling claw (8) of the tiller rotor is set to be at least 3 m / s necessary for throwing the soil mass cut by the horizontal blade portion (8b) backward. Up-cut rotary tilling device for deep plowing, characterized in that the number of revolutions and the radius of rotation (R) are set.