JP2542537B2 - Absorption heat pump device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat pump device, and more particularly to a device for efficiently drawing high temperature water from a single-effect absorption heat pump by pumping water from a river or the like and using this as a low temperature heat source.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of heat pump device, for example, a device proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-60172 is known. The heat pump device proposed here is a combination of single-effect devices, so the coefficient of performance (hereinafter referred to as COP) is not always satisfactory.

That is, the COP of a single-effect heat pump
Is generally around 0.5, so when the heat quantity Q _G1 in the regenerator of the first absorption refrigerator is 1, the heat quantity Q in the evaporator is
_E1 is 0.5, and the heat radiation Q _AC1 to the hot water system is Q _G1 and Q
_Since it is the sum of _E1 , 1 + 0.5 = 1.5. And
Since the heat quantity of Q _AC1 becomes the heat quantity of the evaporator of the second absorption refrigerator, the heating quantity Q _G2 in the regenerator of the second absorption refrigerator is 1.5 ÷ 0.5 = 3.0. .

Therefore, the heat radiation amount Q _AC2 to the hot water system in the second absorption refrigerator is Q _AC1 + Q _G2 = 1.5 + 3.0 =
Since it is 4.5, the COP of the entire device (hot water system)
Is COP = Q _AC2 ÷ (Q _G1 + Q _G2 ) = 4.5 ÷ (1.0 + 3.0) = 1.125, which is not always satisfactory.

On the other hand, in the first absorption refrigerator, since the heating amount is controlled by the cold water outlet temperature, the amount of heat released to the hot water system is almost constant and a heat dissipation device is required. That is, when the heat radiation amount of the first absorption refrigerator is larger than the predetermined heat input amount of the evaporator of the second absorption refrigerator, it is necessary to radiate the excess heat amount to the outside of the system, and conversely, the first absorption refrigerator. When the amount of heat radiation is smaller than the heat input to the evaporator of the second absorption refrigerator, there is a problem that sufficient high temperature water cannot be obtained from the second absorption refrigerator.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention is intended to improve the COP as compared with the conventionally proposed system, and to eliminate the heat dissipation device to reduce the incidental equipment cost.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and includes a high temperature regenerator, a low temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a high temperature heat exchanger and a low temperature regenerator. A double-effect absorption heat pump consisting of a heat exchanger,
It consists of a single-effect absorption heat pump consisting of a regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, and a heat exchanger, and the absorber and condenser of a double-effect absorption heat pump are thermally connected to the evaporator of a single-effect absorption heat pump. A double-effect absorption heat pump evaporator is provided with a hot water circulation path to guide river water etc. as a low-temperature heat source, and high-temperature water can be taken out from the single-effect absorption heat pump. Is.

[0008]

When the heating amount of the double-effect absorption heat pump is controlled by the condenser outlet temperature of the hot water flowing through the hot water circulation path, the constant-effect hot water always flows into the evaporator of the single-effect absorption heat pump. Therefore, the hot water outlet temperature is easily controlled to be constant, and the controllability is improved. If, during operation, the load on the high-temperature water system is reduced and the heating amount of the regenerator of the single-effect absorption heat pump is reduced, the amount of heat exchanged in the evaporator of the single-effect absorption heat pump decreases, and the outlet temperature rises. Hot water having a temperature higher than a predetermined temperature is returned to the absorber of the heavy-duty absorption heat pump. Therefore, the hot water temperature at the outlet of the condenser rises, so operate the double-effect absorption heat pump so that the heating amount of the high-temperature regenerator decreases, and always perform a balanced operation that matches the load. Is unnecessary.

Further, since the double-effect absorption heat pump and the single-effect absorption heat pump are combined, the COP is improved and the energy is effectively utilized compared with the conventional absorption heat pump device in which the single-effect devices are combined. To be And since the water temperature of the river water flowing into the evaporator of the double-effect absorption heat pump is 12 ° C or more in recent years due to the heat island phenomenon due to urban exhaust heat,
It has a sufficient temperature as a heat source to evaporate the liquid refrigerant,
Moreover, it is not necessary to control the outlet temperature because the waste water is used after use.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An absorption heat pump device according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
As illustrated in FIG. 2, the double-effect absorption heat pump A and the single-effect absorption heat pump B are combined.

The double-effect absorption heat pump A comprises a high temperature regenerator 1, a low temperature regenerator 2, a condenser 3, an evaporator 4, an absorber 5, a high temperature heat exchanger 6 and a low temperature heat exchanger 7, and has a single effect. The absorption heat pump B includes a regenerator 11, a condenser 12,
It is composed of an evaporator 13, an absorber 14 and a heat exchanger 15, and the hot water circulation path 21 makes the absorber 5 and the condenser 3 of the double-effect absorption heat pump A and the evaporator 13 of the single-effect absorption heat pump B thermally. Piped to. Three
Reference numeral 1 is a pump installed between the absorber 5 and the evaporator 13 for circulating hot water.

In the double-effect absorption heat pump A, the low-temperature heat-source water circulation path 8 flows the river water 9 or the like into the evaporator 4 as a low-temperature heat source with a stable temperature, and is connected to the single-effect absorption heat pump B for drainage. In FIG. 1, the hot water circulation passage 16 is connected to the hot water supply / heating load 17 so as to supply hot water. 32 and 33 are circulation pumps installed in the respective circulation paths. In addition, river water 9
The water may be lake water, well water, sewage, etc., but it is desirable that the water content is large and the temperature change is small.

By the way, the devices themselves constituting the double-effect absorption heat pump A and the single-effect absorption heat pump B are not particularly different from those conventionally known, and unless otherwise stated, each device works well. It is connected and piped as before. Then, the heating amount control of the high temperature regenerator 1 of the double effect absorption heat pump A is performed by the controller 42 based on the data of the water temperature measuring sensor 41 provided on the outlet side of the condenser 3 of the hot water circulation path 21, and the single effect absorption is performed. The heating amount control of the regenerator 11 of the heat pump B is performed by the controller 44 based on the data of the water temperature measuring sensor 43 provided on the outlet side of the condenser 12 of the high temperature water circulation path 16. 34, 35, 36 and 37 are pumps provided in the respective circulation paths.

Next, a specific example of hot water supply and heating operation using the absorption heat pump device of the present invention having the above structure will be described.

The hot water flowing through the hot water circulation passage 21 is controlled so as to keep the temperature of the condenser 3 outlet side of the double-effect absorption heat pump A constant, for example, 37 ° C., as described above. That is, the sensor 41 measures the outlet side water temperature of the condenser 3,
For example, if the temperature is lower than 37 ° C, the controller 4
2 increases the heating amount of the high temperature regenerator 1 and sends a large amount of refrigerant vapor (for example, steam) to the low temperature regenerator 2, and at the same time, a large amount of absorbing liquid concentrated to an intermediate concentration (for example, LiB
r) is discharged to the high temperature heat exchanger 6 side, and in the absorber 5, the refrigerant vapor evaporated on the evaporator 4 side is heated by the absorption heat when the absorbing liquid absorbs it, and also in the condenser 3 low temperature regeneration. Because it is heated by the refrigerant vapor generated on the side of vessel 2,
The warm water reaches a predetermined temperature of 37 ° C. and is discharged to the evaporator 13 side of the single-effect absorption heat pump B.

The water temperature of the river water 9 sent to the evaporator 4 via the low-temperature heat source water circulation path 8 is considerably high even in winter in the case of urban areas. This is due to the heat island phenomenon, which has become remarkable in recent years, and reaches as high as 12 ° C., for example. Therefore, the liquid refrigerant sent from the condenser 3 can be heated to evaporate (the evaporator 4 has a low boiling point because the pressure is reduced to, for example, 6 mmHg). Then, the pumped river water 9 is cooled by the heat of vaporization when the refrigerant evaporates, reaches, for example, 7 ° C., and is discharged to a river or the like.

The temperature of the hot water flowing into the evaporator 13 of the single effect absorption heat pump B via the hot water circulation path 21 is 37 ° C. as described above by the double effect absorption heat pump A.
Therefore, it is not necessary to install a heat dissipation device such as a cooling tower in front of the evaporator 3 of the single-effect absorption heat pump B.

In this way, since the predetermined hot water of 37 ° C. flows into the evaporator 13 of the single-effect absorption heat pump B, the refrigerant flowing from the condenser 12 is effectively evaporated and a large amount of refrigerant vapor is adjoined. Is absorbed by the absorbing liquid in the absorber 14. Therefore, the absorption heat at this time causes the absorber 14
The internal temperature of the hot water rises, and the temperature of the hot water flowing through the high temperature water circulation path 16 rises. The hot water is also reheated in the condenser 12 by the refrigerant vapor sent from the regenerator 11, and is heated to a predetermined high temperature, for example, 80 ° C. to supply hot water / heating load 17.
Is supplied to the absorber 14 to perform work (heat exchange) and then return to the absorber 14.

Since the heating amount of the regenerator 11 is controlled so that the outlet side temperature of the condenser 12 of the hot water flowing through the high temperature water circulation path 16 becomes a predetermined temperature, for example, 80 ° C.
When the hot water supply / heating load 17 is large, for example, when the temperature falls below a predetermined 60 ° C. and hot water flows back to the absorber 14, it is discharged from the condenser 12 at a temperature lower than a predetermined 80 ° C. Playback device 1 according to instructions from 44
The heating amount of 1 is increased, a large amount of refrigerant vapor is sent to the condenser 12, and the concentrated and regenerated absorption liquid is sent to the absorber 14 via the heat exchanger 15. When the heating amount of the regenerator 11 is increased in this way, the absorbing liquid whose concentration has increased in the absorber 14 absorbs the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the adjacent evaporator 13,
The absorbed heat heats the hot water flowing through the high-temperature water circulation path 16, and the condenser 12 is also reheated by a large amount of refrigerant vapor. .

On the contrary, when the hot water supply / heating load 17 is small, hot water having a temperature higher than the predetermined 60 ° C. flows back to the absorber 14, so that the heating amount of the regenerator 11 is the same as before. Since it is sent from the condenser 12 to the hot water supply / heating load 17 at a temperature higher than the predetermined 80 ° C., the heating amount of the regenerator 11 is reduced or the heating is temporarily stopped according to the instruction of the controller 44, and the supply of the refrigerant vapor is reduced. Alternatively, when stopped, the heating effect in the absorber 14 and the condenser 12 is reduced, and hot water at a predetermined temperature of 80 ° C. is supplied.

The COP at the time of rating of the absorption heat pump device of the above-mentioned structure according to the present invention is the heating amount in the high temperature regenerator 1 of the double effect absorption heat pump A; Q _{G1 in} the evaporator 4 of the double effect absorption heat pump A Heat input; Q
_E1 Amount of heat dissipation in the absorber 5 and condenser 3 of the double-effect absorption heat pump A; Q _AC1 Amount of heating in the regenerator 11 of the single-effect absorption heat pump B;
Heat input in the evaporator 13 of the Q _G2 single-effect absorption heat pump B;
Q _E2 Single-effect absorption heat pump B absorber 14, condenser 12
Heat dissipation in Q; when _AC2 , COP for double effect = 1.0, C for single effect.
Since OP = 0.5, Q _G1 = 1.0, Q _E1 = 1.
0. Therefore, Q _AC1 = Q _G1 + Q _E1 = 2.0, Q _G2 =
2 ÷ 0.5 = 4.0 Q _E2 = 2.0 = Q _AC1 , Q _AC2 =
6.0, and the thus, COP of the entire apparatus becomes _{COP = Q AC2 ÷ (Q G1} + Q G2) = 6.0 ÷ (1.0 + 4.0) = 6 ÷ 5 = 1.2. Since the COP of the conventional system is about 1.125 as described above, the COP of this device is about 7% (1.2 ÷ 1.12) compared to the cold / hot water system of the conventional technology.
5≈1.07) It means that the energy efficiency is improved.

In the conventional hot water supply / heating system, Q _AC1 ≠ Q _E2 during partial load operation, and a heat dissipation device such as a cooling tower was required. However, in this system device, Q _AC1 = Q _E2 should always be maintained. Therefore, the heat dissipation device is not required.

[0023]

As described above, according to the absorption heat pump device of the present invention, the COP is improved by about 7% as compared with the conventional system, and the effective use of energy becomes possible. In addition, since the cooling tower and other heat dissipation devices are not required, the incidental equipment becomes cheaper and the cost of the system can be amortized easily. Further, since the optimum heating amount corresponding to the well-balanced load is obtained, the effect is particularly great at the time of partial load. Since 80 ° C high temperature water can be taken out by using the municipal wastewater of about 12 ° C as a low temperature heat source, it is possible to support a wide range of applications such as hot water supply and heating.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 High Temperature Regenerator 2 Low Temperature Regenerator 3 Condenser 4 Evaporator 5 Absorber 6 High Temperature Heat Exchanger 7 Low Temperature Heat Exchanger 8 Low Temperature Heat Source Water Circulation 9 River Water 11 Regenerator 12 Condenser 13 Evaporator 14 Absorber 15 Heat Exchange Heater 16 High temperature water circuit 17 Hot water supply / heating load 21 Hot water circuit 31 Pump 41 Sensor 42 Controller 43 Sensor 44 Controller A Double-effect absorption heat pump B Single-effect absorption heat pump

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshiyuki Kaneko 2-18 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Shioku Yamazaki 2-18 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A 61-125559 (JP, A) JP-A 58-60172 (JP, A) JP-A 50-113859 (JP, A) JP-A 58-221360 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A double-effect absorption heat pump comprising a high temperature regenerator, a low temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a high temperature heat exchanger and a low temperature heat exchanger, and a regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator and an absorption. It consists of a single-effect absorption heat pump consisting of a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger, and has a hot water circulation path that thermally connects the absorber and condenser of the double-effect absorption heat pump to the evaporator of the single-effect absorption heat pump. Guide the river water etc. to the evaporator of the absorption heat pump as a low temperature heat source,
An absorption heat pump device characterized in that high temperature water can be taken out from a single-effect absorption heat pump.