JP2540717B2 - Waste oil combustion equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention effectively burns pollutants such as PCB, which have been used in various electric appliances for destroying the global environment, to prevent pollution of the global environment. Regarding the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a device for burning and processing pollutants such as PCBs of this type, in Japan, a burning temperature of 1,150 ° C., a retention time of 2 seconds and an excess oxygen of 3% were tested and decomposed. The efficiency was 99.9999%, that is, the confirmation of 6-nine was the minimum requirement for implementing the device.

[0003]

Therefore, in order to satisfy such conditions, the combustion apparatus must be upsized, and it has been widely desired to develop an efficient and effective apparatus.

[0004]

That is, the present invention provides:
A waste oil nozzle of a waste oil substance supply device that can supply waste oil such as PCB together with a desired combustion oil or alone and can spread and disperse it in the form of fine particles is connected to the center of one end of the combustion furnace body by opening connection.
An annular cylinder for high-temperature and high-heat air flow is provided on the outer periphery of the waste oil nozzle, and a large number of projecting small cylinders directed obliquely toward the center of the annular cylinder are annularly arranged side by side to form a spiral high-heat air blower. the waste oil substance fine particle atomization in front of waste oil nozzle to form a spiral hot combustion region so as to burn, this
Compensate this region in front of the swirl hot combustion region of
Swirling flow of combustion gas in the region in the combustion furnace body further ahead
Has radial tilted fins that can bias
The present invention relates to a waste oil combustion device characterized in that a swirl vane is provided, and an object thereof is to completely burn harmful pollutants such as PCB to render them harmless.

[0005]

The minute atomized waste oil substance from the waste oil nozzle facing the center of one end of the tubular combustion furnace is supplied into the annular cylinder provided around the outer periphery of the nozzle, and is oblique to the projecting small cylinders. It is emitted toward the center. The vortex-shaped high-temperature, high-heat air is burnt in a short time and while reaching an effective combustion temperature, and is completely oxidized and decomposed, so that harmful substances can be rendered harmless.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 is a combustion furnace body, 2 is a waste oil nozzle such as PCB, which is open-connected at the center of one end of the furnace body 1, and is connected via a controller for mixing waste oil alone or fuel oil such as kerosene as needed. There is. Reference numeral 3 denotes an annular cylinder which is annularly arranged on the outer circumference of the waste oil nozzle 2 and has a supply port 4 for high temperature and high temperature air. Reference numeral 5 denotes a spiral high-heat air blower having a large number of projecting small cylinders 5a in the front part of the annular cylinder 3 which are directed obliquely toward the center, and forms a spiral high-heat combustion region A in front of the waste oil nozzle 2. Reference numeral 6 denotes a combustion furnace main body 1 which compensates for this region A and further advances the combustion gas in this region A further forward.
A swirl vane having a radial inclined fin 7 capable of energizing a swirl flow therein, and a bulging portion 8 toward the region A is provided at the center in the figure, but this configuration is not necessary.

In FIG. 4, which shows the overall structure, 9
This is a U-shaped combustion furnace passage that is continuously provided in the combustion furnace body 1, 10 is a smoke exhaust tube portion, and 11 is a high temperature extraction pipe provided in the smoke exhaust tube portion 10 for lowering the temperature of waste substances. ing.
12 is an air layer and 13 is a refractory ceramic.

By the way, PCB as waste oil is a chemical composition called polychlorinated biphenyl, which has excellent physical properties and is chemically stable.
For example, it has been widely used for insulating oil such as transformers and condensers and heat medium.

However, when PCB is taken up in the body, it is slowly decomposed and remains for a long period of time to exert toxicity, and it is known that administration to animals induces enzymes that metabolize various drugs in the liver. Therefore, it is said that it is necessary to treat the PCB in the waste by burning it as a so-called pollutant that destroys the global environment.

For example, the oxidative decomposition of tetrachlorobiphenyl by heating at high temperature is represented by 2C ₁₂ H ₆ Cl ₄ + 25O ₂ → 24CO ₂ + 8HCl + 2H ₂ O (1).

In order to effectively carry out the decomposition process represented by the formula (1), it is preferable that the sprayed particle diameter of PCB is 40 to 60 μm in average body area and the maximum diameter is not more than 200 μm. Liquid P atomized in the furnace
The fine particles of CB waste oil are considered to evaporate, decompose and burn in a high temperature atmosphere. Therefore, the evaporative decomposition rate of the maximum particle size becomes a factor that determines the size of the furnace, and the following formula is empirically used as a formula for changing particles in the flame of droplets.

X _t ² = X _O ² -Ct (2) X _O : initial particle size (mm) X _t : particle size at t time (mm) t: time (s) C: burning rate constant 0 0.7 to 1.0 (mm ² / s) From this equation (2), the maximum sprayed particle size of waste oil PCB is 200μ.
Assuming that m = X _O , X _t = 0, that is, the time required for complete vaporization is 0.04 to 0.06 s at 1,400 ° C.
Will be completed in a short time.

The decomposition time t required to obtain the desired decomposition efficiency η for the thermal decomposition of PCB under vaporization is expressed by t = -1n (1-η) / K _u (3) I know.

Then, P calculated based on the equation (3)
Table 1 shows the relationship between the temperature of CB and the time required to reach the desired decomposition efficiency.

[0016]

[Table 1]

Based on the above-described special PCB combustion environment, the operation of this embodiment will be described below.

PCB as waste oil is first mixed with kerosene and sprayed from the waste oil nozzle 2 into the furnace body 1.

The inside of the furnace body 1 is 400 ° C. to 80 ° C. in advance.
It is sufficiently heated by the high-temperature heating air flow heated to 0 ° C., and the high-heat air flow passes through a large number of projecting small cylinders 5 of an annular shape that form the spiral high-heat air blowing part 5 inclined toward the center from the annular cylinder 3. Since it is discharged toward the center, the sprayed waste oil PCB in the form of fine particles is vaporized and decomposed in the spiral high heat combustion region A.

At that time, as shown in Table 1, the decomposition efficiency η is 6-nine, 7-nine, 8-nin.
Depending on e, for example, if the decomposition efficiency is 6-nine, it is necessary that the retention time is about 6/1000 seconds at 1400 ° C., and if the decomposition efficiency is the same, 10
It can be seen that a retention time of about 1.2 seconds at 00 ° C and 6/100 seconds at 1200 ° C is required.

The total temperature and staying time in the furnace main body 1 are determined by the temperature sensor provided in the furnace main body 1, the diameter of the furnace main body 1, the blowing amount of the high-temperature heated air, and the swirling blade body 7 of the next stage.
Since it can be detected and measured from the fluid resistance value of No. 1, etc., the conditions of Table 1 are set to perform effective combustion action.

The gas that has been subjected to the effective combustion treatment in the spiral high-heat combustion region A has a swirling tendency further promoted by the swirling vane body 7 of the next stage, and the smoke exhaust tube portion 10 is discharged from the U-shaped combustion furnace passage 9. And then released into the atmosphere.

[0023] Since CO ₂ and HCl are released into the atmosphere after being oxidatively decomposed according to the above formula (1), CO ₂ and HCl can be effectively captured by existing recovery means.

[0024]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, waste oil which is not easily decomposed, such as PCB, is dispersed in fine particles in a spray form to obtain 100
In the spiral high heat combustion region A of 0 ° C. or higher, evaporation, decomposition and combustion are efficiently performed for a desired time, so that complete thermal decomposition is performed and a complete detoxified state can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a waste oil combustion device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of the above.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory sectional view of the whole.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A swirl high heat combustion region 1 combustion furnace body 2 waste oil nozzle 3 annular cylinder 5 spiral high heat air blower 5a protruding small cylinder 7 swirl vane

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A waste oil nozzle of a waste oil substance supply device capable of supplying waste oil such as PCB together with a desired combustion oil or by itself and spreading and dispersing in a fine particle spray form, is open-connected to one end center of a combustion furnace main body, An annular cylinder for high-temperature and high-heat air flow is provided on the outer circumference of the waste oil nozzle, and a large number of projecting small cylinders directed obliquely toward the center of the annular cylinder are arranged side by side in an annular shape to form a spiral high-heat air blower. A swirl high heat combustion region is formed in front of the waste oil nozzle so that the fine oil atomized waste oil substance is burned, and this region is supplemented in front of this swirl high temperature combustion region.
The combustion gas in this area
A radial inclined flap that can urge a swirling flow inside the body
A waste oil combustion device comprising a swirl vane having a fin.