JP2002147733A - Incineration method and apparatus for combustible waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an incineration method and apparatus for waste wherein production of harmful matter such as dioxins is greatly and sharply suppressed without requiring conspicuous high temperature calcination and addition of a neutralizing material. SOLUTION: When combustible waste containing or producing harmful matter is converted to an emulsion fuel or an emulsion fuel is auxiliarily added and is incinerated, string electric field enough to ionize and disperse the emulsion fuel is added to the emulsion fuel, and the combustible waste is preheated with incineration heat of itself and completely combust while bringing waste smoke by incineration into contact with a heat storage structure and catalytic metal.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for incinerating combustible waste containing or producing harmful substances such as PCB and dioxin so as to eliminate the harmful substances.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Some of the so-called combustible wastes themselves contain harmful substances such as PCBs, and others generate harmful substances such as dioxins by burning. These are generally made harmless by performing incineration treatments. For this purpose, various measures such as emulsifying an oily fuel to make combustion as complete as possible have been made. However, in particular, chlorine-based harmful substances as described above still have technically difficult problems at present.

[0003] PCBs produce dioxin by incineration, and the dioxins do not decompose or disappear unless the temperature is extremely high. Therefore, as a method of suppressing the formation at a relatively low temperature, water and a surfactant are added to the oil mixed with the PCB to emulsify the mixture, and the hydroxide is mixed with the oil. For example, means for neutralizing the acid have been proposed.

[0004]

The above-mentioned method is also a P method.
It cannot be applied to other than the limited waste of CB oil, and there is also a problem that secondary incineration ash composed of chloride is generated. In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a means for incinerating a wide range of combustible waste such as PCB and vinyl chloride at a relatively low temperature so as to significantly suppress the generation of harmful substances.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION When flammable waste containing or producing harmful substances is converted into an emulsion fuel or incinerated with an auxiliary emulsion fuel,
A strong electric field sufficient to ionize and disperse the emulsion fuel is given, and the combustible waste is preheated by its own incineration heat, and the exhaust smoke from the incineration is completely burned while touching the heat storage material and the catalytic metal. Let it do.

[0006] The flammable waste mentioned here includes waste oil, sludge,
Liquids such as sulfuric acid pitch or PCB oil,
The former is roughly divided into PVC and other solid pulverized products, and the former is the case of emulsifying by adding water or a surfactant. However, in this case, as in the latter case, a fossil fuel such as heavy oil or kerosene converted into an emulsion fuel with water and a surfactant may be used as a supplement. In any case, in the present invention, the one corresponding to the emulsion fuel is involved in the combustion and incineration.

The degree to which the combustible waste is preheated by its own incineration heat is such that the liquid is dried (moisture) or vaporized, and the pulverized waste is desirably comparable.

The following is a description of an apparatus embodying this, with reference to the drawings. That is, the reforming of an emulsion provided with an electrode 5A for applying a high voltage to a supply unit 6 (a burner or the like) of an emulsion fuel in which combustible waste is emulsified or an emulsion fuel to be supplementarily added thereto and a heating element 5B is provided. An incinerator 1 in which a device 5 and a tubular body 2 for passing and discharging the combustible waste are housed so that sufficient incineration heat is applied beforehand around the tubular body 2; And a smoke removing furnace 3 in which a heat storage unit 4 having a catalytic metal is installed in the inside of the smoke removing furnace 3 communicating with the incinerator 3 is included as a main part in a series of incinerators (equipment).

It is desirable that the inner wall furnace material of the incinerator 1 is coated with an antioxidant to improve the durability of the furnace.

The means for converting the liquid (oily) waste into an emulsion fuel may be a known method such as mixing by adding water and a surfactant. The same applies to an emulsion fuel using a fossil fuel as an auxiliary fuel.

The heat-generating body 4 installed inside the smoke-removing furnace 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape with a spiral step provided therearound. Is also desirable. The material may be a mixture of a ceramic heat storage material and a catalytic metal such as titanium, vanadium, and tungsten.

In general, a cooling device 7 (cooling type cyclone) for lowering the exhaust gas temperature to a reference value or less and a dust collecting device 8 for sucking the exhaust gas flowing therefrom are provided in front of the smoke removing furnace 3. However, these can be covered by known means.

The electrode 5A of the reformer 5 for the emulsion fuel used in the present invention is a three-electrode as described later, which is connected to a high-frequency oscillator 5C. In this case, it is desirable to carry out in the form of a heat storage chamber (with a catalyst) 5B1, an induction heating zone 5B2, or the like.

[0014]

In the present invention, the emulsion fuel involved in combustion and incineration is anionized at the molecular level by being given a stronger electric charge than the electrode 5A of the reformer 5 to obtain a corona discharge or a state close to the corona discharge. Therefore, when the gas molecules are discharged from the nozzle and burned, the gas molecules exhibit extremely good uniform dispersibility due to the repulsive force of each other, and if the gas molecules are preheated by the heating element 5B, the stability is remarkably increased. improves.

Further, as described above, even before entering the incinerator 1, the waste is preheated by its own incineration heat and is sufficiently dried or vaporized. An ideal combustion environment with good dispersibility appears.

In addition, also in the smoke elimination furnace 3, the temperature inside the furnace is stored by the regenerator 4, and the combustion efficiency is remarkably increased by adding a catalytic action. A very high degree of harmful substance deterrent effect was realized without using a combustion environment, and it was possible to prevent the generation of dioxin, which was impossible in the past.

Analysis of harmful substances in the exhaust gas actually performed by the test plant of the present invention at Hitachi Analysis Center (Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture) (Report No. D9812)
9) For dioxins, it is 0.016 ng-TEQ / m ³ N or less when converted to O ₂ = 12%, which is 500 of the grace standard value specified by the Ordinance for Revision of the Air Pollution Control Law.
This corresponds to 1/0 or less. The dust is also 0.06
g / m ³ N, nitrogen oxides 56 ppm, sulfur oxides 5
ppm or less, hydrogen chloride was 0.9 mg / m ³ N, and carbon monoxide was 10 ppm, all of which were significantly below the reference values.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In order to make liquid combustible waste such as PCB oil and auxiliary fuel heavy oil etc. into an emulsion fuel, a well-known emulsion generating device 9 and a reforming device 5 are installed in each of them. Fig. 3 for fuel
The form is as follows. That is, the emulsion fuel discharged from the emulsion generator 9 is guided into the converter 11 by the dual pump unit 10, where the triode electrode 5A is set via the high-frequency coaxial cable 12 from the high-frequency oscillator 5C. Further, it is guided to a heat storage chamber 5B1 with a catalyst and an induction heating zone 5B2 via a flow control valve 13, and is injected into the incinerator 1 from a nozzle 14 with a discharge electrode.

The combustible waste passes through the inside of the incinerator 1
The tubular body 2 to be discharged is configured as shown in FIG. 1 so as to be discharged downward into the furnace, and the incinerator 1 is provided with a secondary incinerator 1A above and a primary incinerator below. Surrounds the cylindrical body 2. This figure shows the case of crushed combustibles, and an appropriate transport device 15 and the like are provided.

FIG. 2 shows a smoke-removing furnace and the like ahead of the furnace.
Inside the smoke removing furnace 3 is provided a ceramic spiral stepped regenerator 4 in which the above-mentioned catalyst metal is mixed.
A cyclone-type cooling device 7 is installed in communication therewith. Water is supplied in a jet form through a water supply pipe 16 and the water is supplied to an emulsion generating device 9 provided below. , The obtained emulsion fuel is used in the smoke
Injected into. Therefore, the reforming apparatus 5 (not shown) is also attached here.

A known dust collector 8 and a chimney 17
Etc., or a power generation or hot water supply device using waste heat as needed to make it as self-contained as possible.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, the incineration of waste can be carried out by significantly suppressing the generation of harmful substances such as dioxins without using high-temperature sintering, which has extremely difficult problems. And its application is extensive,
There is a great effect that secondary incineration ash such as excess chloride does not occur.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an example of the first half of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of the rear half of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual side view showing an example of an emulsion fuel reforming apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... incinerator 1A ... secondary incinerator 2 ...
Cylindrical body 3 ... Smoke removal furnace 4 ... Regenerator 5 ... Reformer 5A ... Electrode 5B ... Heating body 5B1 ...
Thermal storage chamber 5B2… Induction heating zone 5C ……
High-frequency oscillator 6 Emulsion fuel supply unit 7 Cooling device 8 Dust collector 9 Emulsion generator 10 Dual pump unit 11 Converter 12 High-pressure coaxial cable 13 Flow rate control Valve 14 ... Nozzle 15 ... Transfer device 16
...... Water supply pipe 17 ... Chimney

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (reference) // C10G 32/02 F23J 15/00 H

Claims (2)

[Claims] When the combustible waste is converted into an emulsion fuel or incinerated by supplementing the emulsion fuel, a strong electric field sufficient to ionize and disperse the emulsion fuel is provided, A method for incinerating combustible waste, characterized in that the combustible waste is preheated by its own incineration heat, and exhaust smoke from the incineration is completely burned while being brought into contact with a heat storage body and a catalytic metal. 2. An emulsion reforming apparatus having an electrode and a heating element for applying a high voltage to an emulsion fuel obtained by emulsifying combustible waste or an emulsion fuel to be supplementarily added thereto, and passing and discharging the combustible waste. An incinerator in which sufficient heat of incineration was previously applied around the cylindrical body, and a heat storage unit having a catalytic metal therein was installed in a smoke eliminating furnace communicating with the incinerator. An incinerator for combustible waste, characterized by including a smoke-removing furnace as a main part.