JP2506776B2 - Stirling engine - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a Stirling engine which is a type of heat engine and an external combustion engine.

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional Stirling engine of this type will be described with reference to FIGS. A working fluid of a Stirling engine such as helium and hydrogen is enclosed in the container 1. Two
Is a heater for heating the working fluid, 3 is a cooler for cooling the working fluid, and 4 is a regenerator. 5 is a displacer that moves vertically in the container 1 while keeping a narrow clearance with the inner wall of the container 1, 6 is a piston that moves vertically in the container 1 while maintaining a narrow clearance with the inner wall of the container 1, and 7 is a piston 6 An armature 9 is connected to the armature via a rod 8, and a stator 9 constitutes a linear alternator together with the armature 7.

Further, 10, 11, 12, and 13 are holes which are provided so as to communicate with each other and penetrate from the outer surface of the container 1 to the inner surface of the container 1 facing the piston 6 so that the container 1 and the piston 6 do not come into contact with each other. Is a component of the gas bearing. Further, the bounce space 14 and the holes 10, 11, 12, 13 communicate with each other through a flow path 15, and a check valve 16 is provided in the middle thereof.

The operation will be described. When the displacer 5 moves downward, the volume of the compression space 17 decreases and the volume of the expansion space 18 increases. Therefore, the pressure of the compressed air 17 is
And the low temperature working fluid in the compression space 17 and the cooler 3 flows to the expansion space 18 through the regenerator 4 and the heater 2 at this time. The working fluid is heated by the regenerator 4 and the heater 2,
And the regenerator 4 is cooled conversely.

Since the low-temperature working fluid is heated in this way, the pressure in the space (hereinafter abbreviated as the working space), which is a combination of the compression space 17, the cooler 3, the regenerator 4, the heater 2 and the expansion space 18, increases and the piston Pull 6 down. At this time, the piston 6 is the rod 8
Work for linear alternators 7, 9 via.
On the other hand, if the displacer 5 continues to fall, the gas spring space 19
, The pressure gradually increases, and finally the displacer 5 stops lowering and starts to rise on the contrary.

When the displacer 5 rises, the volume of the compression space 17 increases and the volume of the expansion space 18 decreases this time. Therefore, the pressure in the expansion space 18 becomes higher than the pressure in the compression space 17, and due to this differential pressure, the high-temperature working fluid in the expansion space 18 and the heater 2 passes through the regenerator 4 and the cooler 3 to generate the compressed air 17 The working fluid is cooled by the regenerator 4 and the cooler 3. And the regenerator 4 is heated conversely. Since the high temperature working fluid is cooled in this way, the pressure in the working space becomes low and the piston 6 is pulled up. At this time, the piston 6 moves the linear alternator 7, 9 via the rod 8.
To work against.

On the other hand, if the displacer 5 continues to rise, the gas spring space
The pressure at 19 gradually decreases, and finally the displacer 5 stops rising and this time, on the contrary, starts to descend.

In the one-round process described above, the working fluid uses a part of the heat obtained by the heater 2 as a linear alternator 7,
Change to a job for 9, and part of it for cooler 3.

Further, the phase of the position of the normal displacer 5 is the piston 6
The phase is advanced by 60 ° to 90 °.

On the other hand, when the piston 6 moves up and down, the bounce space 14
Changes in volume and the pressure changes accordingly.

At this time, the working fluid in the bounce space 14 is passed through the flow passage 15 and the holes 10, 11, 12, 13 by the function of the check valve 16 and the container 1 and the piston 6 are moved.
The piston 6 moves up and down without coming into contact with the container 1.

The working fluid discharged from the holes 10, 11, 12, 13 partially enters the working space and partially enters the bounce space 14.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, with such a structure, the hole 1 of the gas bearing is
A check valve 16 is used to supply the working fluid to 0, 11, 12, and 13, and the check valve 16 causes stress in the moving parts each time it is opened and closed. There was a problem of destruction due to fatigue.

Means for Solving Problems The technical means of the present invention for solving the above problems are provided in a piston, one end of which is open to the space S and the other end is a sliding portion between the container and the output piston. And a flow path A that is open to the container, one end X of which opens to the sliding portion between the container and the piston, and the other end Y communicates with the flow path A when the pressure in the space S is higher than the average pressure. The flow path B is open to the sliding portion between the container and the piston.

Action The action of this technical means is as follows.

That is, when the pressure in the space S is higher than the average pressure, the flow passage A and the flow passage B are in communication with each other, and thus the space S and the sliding portion between the container and the output piston are in communication with each other.
Therefore, since the pressure of the space S is higher than the pressure of the sliding portion between the container and the piston, the working fluid in the space S is supplied to the clearance between the container and the output piston, and the container and the output piston are separated by the principle of the static pressure gas bearing. Will not come into contact.

Embodiment One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, a container 20 is filled with a working fluid of a Stirling engine such as helium or hydrogen. Reference numeral 21 is a heater for heating the working fluid, 22 is a cooler for cooling the working fluid, and 23 is a regenerator. 24 is a displacer that moves vertically in the container 20 while maintaining a narrow clearance with the inner wall of the container 20, 25 is a piston that moves vertically in the container 20 while maintaining a narrow clearance with the inner wall of the container 20,
Reference numeral 26 is an armature connected to the piston 25 via a rod 27, and reference numeral 28 is a stator 29 which constitutes a linear alternator together with the armature 26.

Further, 30 has a flow path whose one end opens to the compressed air 31 and whose other end opens to a sliding portion between the container 20 and the piston 25, 32, 33,
Reference numerals 34 and 35 denote holes provided so as to penetrate from the outer surface of the container 20 to the surface facing the piston 25 on the inner surface of the container 20. 36 are holes 32, 33,
A flow path that connects 34 and 35, and is a flow path that communicates with the flow path 30 when the pressure in the compression space 31 is higher than its average pressure. 37 and 38 are piston rings.

Next, the operation of the configuration of this embodiment will be described.
When the displacer 24 descends, the volume of the compression space 31 decreases and the volume of the expansion space 39 increases. Therefore, the pressure of the compression space 31 becomes higher than the pressure of the expansion space 39, and due to this differential pressure, the low-temperature working fluid in the compression space 31 and the cooler 22 passes through the regenerator 23 and the heater 21 and expands into the expansion space. It flows toward 39. At this time, the working fluid is heated by the regenerator 23 and the heater 21, and the regenerator 23 is cooled conversely.

Since the low-temperature working fluid is heated in this way, the pressure in the space (hereinafter abbreviated as working space) that is a combination of the compression space 31, the cooler 22, the regenerator 23, the heater 21, and the expansion space 39 increases, and the piston Pull down 25. At this time, the piston 25 works on the linear alternators 26 and 29 via the rod 27.
On the other hand, when the displacer 24 continues to descend, the gas spring space 40
The pressure gradually increases, and then the displacer 24 stops falling and this time, on the contrary, starts to rise.

When the displacer 24 rises, the volume of the compression space 31 increases and the volume of the expansion space 39 decreases this time. Therefore, the pressure of the expansion space 39 becomes higher than the pressure of the compression space 31, and due to this differential pressure, the high-temperature working fluid in the expansion space 39 and the heater 21 passes through the regenerator 23 and the cooler 22 and the compressed air 31. To the regenerator 23 and the cooler.
Cooled by 22. And the regenerator 23 is heated conversely. Since the high temperature working fluid is cooled in this way, the pressure in the working space becomes low and the piston 25 is pulled up. At this time, the piston 25 moves the linear alternator 26, 2 via the rod 27.
Work for 9.

On the other hand, if the displacer 24 continues to rise, the gas spring space
The pressure of 40 gradually decreases, and finally the displacer 24 stops rising and this time, on the contrary, begins to descend.

In the one-round process as described above, the working fluid uses a part of the heat obtained by the heater 21 as a linear alternator 2
The job is changed to 6,29, and part of it is put in the cooler 22.

Also, the phase of the position of the normal displacer 24 is the piston 25.
The phase is advanced by 60 ° to 90 °.

On the other hand, when the piston 25 moves up and down, the pressure in the compression space 31 increases or decreases. By the way, the piston 25 rises and the compression space
When the pressure of 31 is higher than the average pressure, the flow path 36 is
Communicate with Therefore, the pressure in the compression space 31 passes through the flow passage 30 and the flow passage 36, and the container 20 and the piston 25 are passed through the holes 32, 33, 34, and 35.
It is transmitted to the gap. Then, the action of the gas bearing brings the piston 25 into a state where it does not contact the container 20. Therefore, the container 20 and the piston 25 can be brought into non-contact with each other without using the check valve 16. Also piston ring
Reference numerals 37 and 38 reduce the movement amount of the working fluid between the compression space 31 and the bounce space 41 to increase the indicated efficiency of the engine.

In this embodiment, the flow passages 30 and 36 are compression spaces.
The pressure of 31 is configured to communicate when the pressure is higher than the average pressure, but the flow channel 30 is configured to communicate with the flow channel 36 when the bounce space 41 is higher than the average pressure. Also produces the same action of the gas bearing and obtains the same effect.

Further, in the embodiment, the linear alternators 26 and 29 are used as the load of the piston 25, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the same effect can be obtained by using a compressor, a pump or the like as the load.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a flow path A is provided in a piston, one end of which is opened to a space S and the other end is opened to a sliding portion between the container and the piston, and the one end X of which is provided in the container. A passage B opened at the sliding portion between the piston and the piston, and the other end Y is opened at the sliding portion between the container and the piston so as to communicate with the passage A when the pressure in the space S is higher than the average pressure. Since it is a Stirling engine equipped with, the piston and the container can be brought into non-contact with each other by the action of the stationary gas bearing, without providing a check valve as in the conventional example. Therefore, there are no moving parts inside the check valve, and therefore the check valve is not destroyed, which has the effect of improving the reliability of the Stirling engine.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a Stirling engine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential part of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional Stirling engine, and FIG. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of the same Stirling engine. 20 …… Vessel, 21 …… Heater, 22 …… Cooler, 23 …… Regenerator, 24 …… Displacer, 25 …… Piston, 26 …… Linear alternator armature, 29 …… Linear alternator field , 30,36 …… Channel, 32, 33, 34, 35 …… Hole, 37, 38…
…piston ring.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A container, a working fluid sealed in the container, a heater for heating the working fluid, a cooler for cooling the working fluid, a regenerator, and a slidable inner wall of the container. A piston that is provided with a work fluid while working with respect to the container, a closed space surrounded by the container and the piston, the volume of which changes with the movement of the piston; , One end of which is opened to the closed space and the other end of which is provided in the container and a flow path which is opened to the sliding portion of the container and the piston, and one end of which is opened to the sliding portion of the container and the piston, The other end is a Stirling engine provided with another flow passage opening to a sliding portion between the container and the piston so as to communicate with the flow passage when the pressure in the closed space is higher than the average pressure thereof. 2. The Stirling engine according to claim 1, wherein the closed space is an (upper) working space located on one end side of the piston. 3. The first space according to claim 1, wherein the closed space is a (downward) bounce space located on the other end side of the piston.
Stirling institution described in the paragraph.