JP2506514B2 - Planar antenna - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plane antenna used again for receiving satellite broadcast radio waves and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a planar antenna includes a circular upper metal plate and a circular lower metal plate whose outer peripheral portions are short-circuited, and a power feeding unit is arranged in the center of a space between the metal plates serving as a waveguide. At the same time, a large number of circularly polarized radiation elements including a helical antenna and a patch antenna are concentrically insulated and arranged at intervals of one wavelength or less on the surface of the upper circular metal plate.

In this case, each circularly polarized radiation element is connected to a probe inserted through a large number of concentric circular holes formed in an upper metal plate. In order to set the radiation angle of the planar antenna itself in the direction perpendicular to the upper metal plate surface, the elements are arranged with different installation angles in the rotational direction of the individual radiation elements.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional planar antenna, a large number of radiating elements arranged with respect to the upper metal plate are set in different radiating directions for each element and are assembled in a concentric pattern. Because I have to
When the manufacturing process of this planar antenna is automated, the number of control elements of the radiating element incorporating device increases, and there is a drawback that the assembling time is long and the productivity is poor.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems.
An object of the present invention is to provide a planar antenna that can shorten the assembling time and improve productivity without having to set a large number of radiating elements in different radiating directions for each element.

[0006]

That is, a planar antenna according to the present invention is arranged such that a circular lower metal plate and a lower metal plate which are parallel to and face each other above the lower metal plate at intervals of less than one wavelength. An upper metal plate having a shape corresponding to the above, a short-circuit plate for short-circuiting the outer peripheral edge of each of the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, and a waveguide formed between the upper and lower metal plates at the center of the lower metal plate. On the other hand, a power supply unit for high frequency coupling, a plurality of small holes formed at intervals of one wavelength or less along each of a plurality of concentric circular curves having a space of one wavelength or less with respect to the upper metal plate, and a plurality of these small holes. A plurality of circularly polarized wave radiating elements which are inserted into the small holes with a constant angle of rotation and are high-frequency coupled to the waveguide, and are interposed between the plural circularly polarized wave radiating elements and the small holes. Equipped with an insulating spacer And constitutes Te.

[0007]

In other words, a plurality of circularly polarized wave radiating elements can be mounted in the same direction on the fixed upper metal plate, and it is not necessary to set different mounting angles for each radiating element. The radiating element can be assembled only by the parallel movement and the vertical movement of the radiating element insertion portion on the upper metal plate.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B show the structure of a planar antenna. FIG. 1A is a plan view thereof and FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along the line AA.

In FIG. 1, 11 is a disk-shaped lower metal plate, 12 is a disk-shaped upper metal plate having the same diameter as the lower metal plate 11, and the lower metal plate 11 and the upper metal plate 12 are They are arranged parallel to each other with an interval of less than one wavelength, and a short-circuit plate 13 is provided on the outer peripheral edge to short-circuit.

At the center of the lower metal plate 11, there is provided a power feeding portion 15 in which a power feeding probe is inserted in order to achieve high frequency coupling with the waveguide 14 formed of a space with the upper metal plate 12. The waveguide 14 may be configured by filling a foamed dielectric material.

On the other hand, the upper metal plate 12 has a large number of small holes 1
6 are formed at intervals of 1 wavelength or less along each of a plurality of concentric circular curves having intervals of 1 wavelength or less, and a helical antenna is provided for each of the small holes 16 ,. , 17 are inserted through insulating spacers 18, and are connected to the waveguide 14 with equal power branching. In this case, the large number of small holes 1 described above
6, ... The respective concentric circle intervals x and radial intervals y are
In each case, the interval is set to one wavelength or less (0.7 to 0.8 wavelength). Here, in each of the helical antennas 17, ..., The winding start portions 17b ,.

2A and 2B show the structure of the waveguide coupling portion of the helical antenna 17 in the above planar antenna. FIG. 2A is a plan view thereof and FIG. 2B is a sectional view thereof in the 0 ° direction.

The helical antenna 17 has a circumference of about 1
Wavelength, number of turns about 2, winding pitch 7 °, helical diameter about 0.
Use 3 wavelengths, wire diameter 0.01-0.05 wavelength,
The probe 17a is attached to the insulating spacer 18 with respect to the small hole 16 having a diameter of 0.2 to 0.1 wavelength formed in the upper metal plate 12.
When the waveguide 14 is filled with a foamed dielectric, dew condensation of the waveguide 14 due to temperature change is prevented.

Here, assuming that the permittivity of the foamed dielectric used in the waveguide 14 is ε, the radio wave in the waveguide 14 propagates in inverse proportion to the “route · ε”, so that each helical antenna 17, When the installation interval is wide, a high-magnification foam dielectric having a low dielectric constant is used, and when it is narrow, a low-magnification foam dielectric having a high dielectric constant is used.

That is, for example, in the broadside type, the radial distance y between the helical antennas 17, ... Is 0.
With 7 wavelengths, a foamed dielectric having a dielectric constant ε of about 2.0 is required. Further, when the radial distance y between the helical antennas 17, ... Is 0.9 wavelength, a foamed dielectric having a dielectric constant ε of about 1.2 is required.

That is, when the radial distance y between the helical antennas 17, ... Is 1.0 wavelength or less, and the distance y is wide, a high-magnification foamed dielectric having a low dielectric constant ε is filled, and the distance y is reduced. If it is narrow, it may be filled with a low-magnification foamed dielectric having a high dielectric constant ε.

FIG. 3 shows the structure of an automatic assembling device for the helical antennas 17, ... Of the above planar antenna. In FIG. 3, 21 is a radiating element inserter, 22 is an arm, 23a and 23b are support bases, and 24 is a support stand. Base, 24a, 2
4b is a slide groove, 25 is a helical antenna supply section, 2
6 is a fixed base.

Here, the supports 23a and 23b are the base 24.
Along the slide grooves 24a, 24b of the radiating element inserter 21 and the radiating element inserter 21 along the arm 22 in the direction indicated by arrow b. The part 21a is movable in the vertical direction indicated by the arrow c. Then, the upper metal plate 12 having a large number of small holes 16, ... Is placed and fixed to the fixed base 26 installed on the base 24 between the support bases 23a and 23b. That is, the distal end incorporating portion 21a of the radiating element inserter 21 is
Can be moved in parallel with respect to the upper metal plate 12 in the front-rear direction, and can be moved vertically in the up-down direction.

The helical antenna supply section 25 automatically creates the helical antenna 17 from the lead wire provided inside the helical antenna supply section 25, and inserts the insulating spacer 18 into the probe 17a in advance and inserts it into the radiating element inserter 21 through the arm 22. By moving the support bases 23a and 23b in the direction indicated by the arrow a and the radiating element inserter 21 in the direction indicated by the arrow b, the insertion position of the helical antenna 17 is freely determined, and the tip built-in portion 21a is By moving in the direction indicated by arrow c, the helical antenna 17 with the insulating spacer 18 is incorporated into the small hole 16 of the upper metal plate 12.

That is, by controlling the descending of the tip built-in portion 21a at the corresponding positions of the small holes 16, ... Obtained by the parallel movement of the radiating element inserter 21, the insulating spacers in which the helical antennas 17, ... Are integrated. 18, ... Are sequentially incorporated into the upper metal plate 12.

In this case, the rotation direction angle of each of the large number of helical antennas 17, ..., Which are sequentially assembled by the distal end assembling portion 21a of the radiating element inserter 21, is such that the winding start portion 17b is always one of the upper metal plate 12. Since the angle is set to a fixed angle corresponding to the diametrical direction, like the conventional planar antenna, the built-in rotation of the helical antenna 17 in the tip built-in portion 21a is set so that a large number of radiating elements are set in different radiating directions for each element. There is no need to control the angle.

Therefore, according to the planar antenna having the above-described structure, with respect to the disc-shaped upper metal plate 12, one is formed along each of a plurality of concentric circular steps having an interval of one wavelength or less.
A large number of small holes 16, ... Are formed at intervals less than the wavelength, and each of the helical antennas 17, .. .. has a winding start portion 17b corresponding to an arbitrary diameter direction of the upper metal plate 12. Since it is configured to be inserted into 16, ..., The helical antennas 17, ... Can be incorporated by setting the rotation direction angle to the same constant angle at all times. Since it is possible to assemble the helical antennas 17, ... Only by parallel movement and vertical movement of the radiating element inserter 21 without setting an angle, the number of control elements of the automated manufacturing apparatus is reduced, and the assembly time is shortened for production. It is possible to improve the property.

In each of the above embodiments, the insulating spacer 18
Was inserted into the antenna probe in advance in the small holes 16, ... In the upper metal plate 12, but the insulating spacer 18 was previously inserted in the small holes 16 ,. Alternatively, the antenna probe may be inserted and the antenna probe may be inserted therein.

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention, a circular lower metal plate and a shape corresponding to the lower metal plate are arranged in parallel above the lower metal plate at intervals of less than one wavelength so as to face each other. Of the upper metal plate, a short-circuit plate that short-circuits the outer peripheral edge of each of the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, and high-frequency coupling to the waveguide formed between the upper and lower metal plates provided in the center of the lower metal plate. 1 for the power supply part to be aimed and the upper metal plate
A plurality of small holes formed at intervals of one wavelength or less along each of a plurality of concentric circular curves having intervals of not more than the wavelength;
A plurality of circularly polarized wave radiating elements that are inserted into the plurality of small holes with their rotation direction angles being constant and are high-frequency coupled to the waveguide; and a plurality of circularly polarized wave radiating elements and the small holes. Since the structure is provided with the insulating spacers interposed therebetween, it is possible to shorten the assembling time and improve the productivity without having to set a large number of radiating elements in different radiating directions for each element.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a planar antenna using a helical antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a waveguide coupling portion of a helical antenna in the planar antenna.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of an automatic assembling device for a helical antenna in the planar antenna.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 ... Lower metal plate, 12 ... Upper metal plate, 13 ... Short-circuit plate,
14 ... Waveguide, 15 ... Feed part, 16 ... Small hole, 17 ... Helical antenna, 17a ... Probe, 17b ... Winding start part,
18 ... Insulating spacer.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A circular lower metal plate and parallel to the upper part of the lower metal plate at intervals of less than one wavelength.
An upper metal plate which is arranged to face each other and has a shape corresponding to the lower metal plate.
The outer peripheral edge of each of the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate.
A short-circuit plate that short-circuits,The foam filled in the waveguide formed between the upper and lower metal plates
A dielectric,  It is provided in the center of the lower metal plate and between the upper and lower metal plates.
And a concentric circle having an interval of one wavelength or less with respect to the upper metal plate
Shape along each curve of multiple steps at intervals less than 1 wavelength
The plurality of small holes formed and the rotation direction angle for each of the plurality of small holes.Upper part
Corresponds to the diameter direction of any one of the metal platesConstantAngle of
Inserted into the waveguide and coupled to the waveguide at high frequency
The circularly polarized wave radiating element and the plurality of circularly polarized wave radiating elements are interposed between the circular hole and the small hole.
A planar antenna, comprising: