JP2500358B2 - Seawall block and seawall structure - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a revetment block which can coexist with a revetment at the same time as a revetment, that is, conservation of the natural environment and vegetation of plants, and a revetment structure using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For river banks, concrete revetments have been constructed mainly from the viewpoint of safety as urbanization progresses, but on the other hand, riverside plants have been eliminated and birds, fish, insects, etc. It causes the destruction of natural habitat. In particular, concrete revetments, which have a high degree of tightness, refuse to inhabit vegetation, and the habitat of insects, fish, and wild birds that inhabit the waterfront tends to decrease more and more. In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for conservation of the natural environment, and in river bank protection work, coexistence and symbiosis between urban development and environmental conservation projects has become an important issue.

Conventionally, in river revetments, some concrete revetments have been carried out and then emergency measures have been taken to cover the top surface of the concrete to restore the natural environment as much as possible, but it is easy to cover the soil due to the rapid flow of the river. It was leaked to, causing loss of purpose and damage to construction costs.

Conventionally, for example, a revetment block as shown in FIG. 13 has been provided as a revetment block that enables vegetation of plants. In this revetment block 1, a groove 3 is provided around the entire upper surface of a rectangular concrete frame 2, and the lower end of a partition net (wire net) 4 is inserted into this groove 3 to partition all or part of the four sides of the concrete frame 2. Use the net 4 upright.
Then, in the construction, a sheet is laid on the ground, and a large number of the revetment blocks 1 are not laid on each other and simply laid out in a checkerboard pattern at intervals as shown in FIG. As shown in (1), stones 5 are filled up to the height of the partition net 4, a vegetation mat 6 is laid on the stone 5, and a lid net 7 is laid on the surface of the stone to form a vegetation revetment structure.

[0005]

However, this has the following problems. (1) Cooperability (flexibility) because each block is an isolated type
There is no. (2) Since it is necessary to insert the partition net 4 into the groove 3 for each of the concrete frames 2 and fix it,
The assembly work is troublesome and the workability is poor. (3) When the partition net 4, which is a wire net, corrodes, it becomes extremely unstable because the block arrangement is coarse. (4) Since the block (concrete frame 2) is simply placed without connecting it, the followability due to changes in the riverbed deterioration is poor, which may lead to the destruction of the revetment. (5) Since there is no bottom plate in the block, and the ground contact surface is only the bottom surface of the concrete frame 2, the ground contact area is small, causing uneven settlement on soft ground, and the block structure is plastic. Coupled with the lack of flexibility, it may fall apart and lead to the destruction of the seawall. (6) Even at the upstream and downstream ends of the river, the blocks are simply placed independently, so if scour occurs at the ends, the blocks will be destroyed in a chain. (7) Since the block is simply a rectangular frame, there is little room for the butted part, and it is not possible to respond flexibly to changing site conditions such as curved points. (8) In the vertical relationship of the blocks, the upper block has a structure in which it leans against the lower block, so if the lower block moves for some reason, the upper block must endure by itself. If either the bearing capacity or the frictional force is weakened, the upper block also moves downward. In addition, since there is no fulcrum or connection in the left-right direction, there is a risk of moving in the downstream direction due to the action of the drag force of the flow velocity. (9) If the blocks are lined up without a gap, the stability increases in the middle part, but the weaknesses at the edge and river bed cannot be solved. In addition, since the space between the adjacent blocks is eliminated, the flexibility is further reduced, and the growing area of the plant is reduced. (10) Since the concrete frame 2 having no drainage means is laid on the sheet 5, if the inside of the concrete frame 2 is clogged with fine particle silt or the like, the drainage abruptly deteriorates and hinders the growth of plants. There is a fear.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate such problems, and in addition to the good stability of the blocks themselves and the good cooperation and flexing of the blocks, a stable revetment structure can be obtained. Moreover, it is to provide revetment blocks and revetment structures that are advantageous in terms of workability and vegetation of plants.

[0007]

In the revetment block according to the present invention, an opening is provided at the center of the bottom plate, and a flange portion integrally protruding from the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided at the peripheral edge of this opening so as to penetrate vertically. A cavity is formed, and a recess is provided at the peripheral edge of the bottom plate, and a part of the joint is buried in the bottom plate in this recess.

The flange portion may be integrally provided with a convex portion that projects toward the outside of the cavity, or may be provided with a groove portion that is lacking in a part of the flange portion.

In the revetment structure according to the present invention, a large number of revetment blocks as described above are laid out and the joints of the revetment blocks are connected by connecting metal fittings, and earth and sand or the like is provided between the cavities of the revetment blocks and the flange portions of the revetment blocks. Is packed with.

[0010]

[Function] Since this revetment block has a bottom plate, it has a large ground contact area and high stability. An opening is provided in the center of the bottom plate, and a flange is integrally raised on the upper surface of the peripheral edge of this opening, forming a bottomless cavity in which the flange and the opening of each block penetrate vertically. To do. In addition, a gap whose bottom is the bottom is formed between the flange portions of the blocks. By filling soil and the like in these cavities and in the gaps, the surface layer where plants can be vegetated can be formed. In this case, the flange portion prevents the sediment from flowing out.

The blocks are abutted against each other and connected by a joint planted in a recess at the edge of the bottom plate.
Cooperate with each other to restrain individual movements. Since the joints of the blocks are connected to each other by the connecting fittings in the recesses of the bottom plate, the flexibility is good, and the adaptability for installation on site is high.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5 show a revetment block according to a first embodiment of the present invention. This revetment block 10 is made of concrete, and has a horizontally-long rectangular bottom plate 11 whose upper and lower surfaces are flat, and has a horizontally-long rectangular opening 12 at the center thereof. A flange protruding integrally from the upper surface of the bottom plate 11 at the periphery of this opening 12. The portion 13 is provided to form a cavity 14 penetrating up and down, and recesses 15, 16 are formed in the central portion of the rear side edge and the central portion of the left and right side edges of the bottom plate 11.
17 are provided, and iron joints 18, 19, 20 are provided in each recess.
Is planted in the bottom plate 11, and a similar joint 21 is also planted in the center of the front edge without a recess. Although not shown, reinforcing bars are embedded in the bottom plate 11 and the flange portion 13 for reinforcement.

The inner peripheral surface of the flange portion 13 is an inclined surface that expands the cavity 14 toward the end, following the inner peripheral surface of the opening portion 12, and the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 13 is an inclined surface that is inclined opposite to the inner peripheral surface. At the left and right corners on the front side of the flange portion 13, convex portions 22 and 23 projecting outward of the cavity 14 are formed.
And the convex portions 24 and 25 that project to the left and right outside are integrally provided, and the cavity 14 is also formed in the left and right corners on the rear side of the flange portion 13.
The protrusions 26 and 27 that project rearward from the outside are integrally provided. In addition, a groove portion 28 for drainage is provided in the center of the front side of the flange portion 13 so as to lack a part thereof.

The joints 18, 19, 20 and 21 are in the form of Ω, and are embedded in the bottom plate 11 leaving the U-shaped tip end thereof.
Only the U-shaped tip portion projects from the bottom plate 11.

An example of the dimensions of this seawall block 1 is as follows. Left and right length of the bottom plate 11 is 1790 m
m, the front-rear width of the bottom plate 11 is 1090 mm, and the thickness of the bottom plate 11 is 1
50 mm, the height of the flange 13 is 250 mm (hence,
The depth of the cavity 14 is 400 mm), the left-right length of the top opening of the cavity 14 is 890 mm, and the front-rear width 43 of the top opening of the cavity 14 is 43 mm.
0 mm.

In order to construct a river revetment structure with this revetment block 10, a large number of them are laid out vertically and horizontally as shown in FIG. 7, and the direction toward the river (the direction of the arrow) is made to face the front, back, left, and right, and the front and back. The front, rear, left and right joints 18, 19, 20 and 21 of the left and right adjacent blocks are connected to each other by a connecting fitting (shackle) 29 as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, earth and sand (earth and sand, stones, gravel, etc.) are packed in the cavity 14 of each revetment block 1 and in the gap between the flange portions 13 and 13. For the earth and sand to be packed, select one that is suitable for vegetation and fish that live, and have a surface layer that takes into consideration the landscape.

In the revetment structure constructed in this manner, the individual revetment blocks 10 themselves and their bottom plates 11 have good stability, and the blocks are abutted against each other and are planted at the edges of the bottom plate 11. Fittings 18, 19, 20
-Since it is connected to the front, rear, left and right at 21, the individual movements are restrained in cooperation with each other, and the joints are recessed 15
-Since they are connected in 16 and 17, the flexibility of the blocks is good and the stability is further enhanced.

When plants are planted in the earth and sand packed in the cavities 14, since the cavities 14 are bottomless and the drainage effect is sufficient, the root rot of the plants due to accumulated water is prevented, and rather the roots of the plants tend to be dried. Will expand to the ground in search of water, and the stability of the block will be further improved mechanically. The soil and the like packed in the cavity 14 are fed from four sides by the flange portion 13, and the flange portion 13 and the flange portion 13
The soil and the like packed in the gap between and are prevented from flowing out by the flange portion 13 and the convex portion thereof, and when the plant is rooted, the outflow preventing effect is further improved. Also, due to heavy rain, etc.
When the inside is filled with water, drainage can be performed from the groove portion 28 while suppressing the outflow of earth and sand.

Therefore, seeds germinate and take root not only in the plants vegetated in the soil of the cavity 14 but also in the soil stuffed in the gaps between the flange portions 13, and a good vegetation environment is provided. In order to prevent the outflow of the sediment more positively, the upper surface of the soil may be covered with a wire net or the like, and the wire net or the like may be fixed to the upper surface of the flange portion 13 by an appropriate means. Moreover, even if the earth and sand etc. packed in the cavity 14 flow out, the revetment block 1 is placed on the water-permeable suction-prevention sheet 41 laid in the ground so that the ground itself does not flow out.
It is good to lay out 0s. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 40
Is a nesting block installed in a horizontal row at the same time as the construction of the revetment block 10, which has a hole 40a for nesting wild birds.

Next, FIGS. 9 to 11 show a revetment block according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In this revetment block 30, a square-shaped flange portion 33 is integrally provided on a bottom plate 32 having a square opening portion 31 to form a square cavity 34, and a total of eight convex portions 35 at the corner portions of the flange portion 33. By projecting outwardly from the bottom plate 32, large recesses 36 are formed at four front, rear, left and right positions between the protrusions 35, and joints 37 are planted in the bottom plate 32 at each recess. FIG. 12 shows an example of laying the revetment block 30.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above. That is, the material of the revetment blocks 10 and 30 is not limited to normal concrete, but may be colored concrete or steel, and various shapes are possible. Further, the connecting fitting for connecting the joints of the blocks is not limited to the shackle 29 as described above.

[0022]

The effects of the present invention are listed below. (1) Since the blocks are connected to each other by the joints provided on the individual blocks, the cooperation of the blocks is good. (2) Since each block has a bottom plate and has good stability, the blocks are abutted against each other, and the joints of the blocks are connected in the recesses provided on the edges of the blocks. Mutual flexibility is also good, and a highly stable revetment structure can be formed. (3) Since the blocks are connected by the recesses as described above,
When laying, it is possible to prevent scouring by bending the edge part of the seawall and digging deep into the ground. (4) The blocks can be installed by laying them out vertically and horizontally and connecting the joints to each other with the connecting metal fittings. Since there is no need to assemble a wire mesh or the like, the workability is good. (5) Since the blocks can be connected to each other with good flexibility as described above, it is relatively easy to cope with changing field conditions such as curves.

(6) In each block, a flange portion integrally rising from the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided at the periphery of the opening of the bottom plate to form a vertically penetrating cavity, and the cavity is filled with earth and sand, etc. Since the space between the flange portions of the blocks is filled with soil and the like, it is possible to provide a favorable vegetation environment for plants. (7) The bottom part ensures stability while the flange part prevents the outflow of earth and sand. (8) By integrally providing a convex portion that projects toward the outside of the cavity in a part of the flange portion, it is possible to prevent the outflow of earth and sand that fills the gap between the flange portions and to increase the strength. You can (9) By providing a groove part missing in a part of the flange part, drainage can be performed while suppressing outflow of earth and sand.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a revetment block according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the above.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the above.

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the above.

FIG. 6 shows a shackle used for connecting the seawall blocks, (A) is a plan view and (B) is a side view.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an example of laying the revetment block.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a revetment structure using the revetment block.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a revetment block according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 11 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing an example of laying the revetment block.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a conventional seawall block that enables vegetation of plants.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of an example of laying the revetment block.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a revetment structure using the revetment block.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10/30 Revetment block 11/32 Bottom 12/31 Opening 13/33 Flange 14/34 Cavity 15/16/17/36 Recess 24/25/26/27/35 Convex 18/19/20/21 / 37 Joint 28 Groove 29 Shackle (connecting metal fitting)

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. An opening is provided in the center of the bottom plate, and a flange portion integrally protruding from the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided on the periphery of the opening to form a cavity that penetrates vertically, and at the edge of the bottom plate. A revetment block characterized in that a recess is provided and a part of the joint is buried in the bottom plate in this recess. 2. The revetment block according to claim 1, wherein a convex portion that projects toward the outside of the cavity is provided integrally with a part of the flange portion. 3. The revetment block according to claim 1, wherein a groove portion is provided in a part of the flange portion. 4. An opening is provided at the center of the bottom plate, and a flange portion integrally protruding from the upper surface of the bottom plate is provided at the periphery of this opening to form a cavity penetrating up and down, and at the edge of the bottom plate. A concave portion is provided, and in this concave portion, a large number of revetment blocks in which a part of the joint is buried is laid side by side, and the joints of the revetment blocks are connected to each other by connecting metal fittings. A revetment structure characterized by being packed with etc.