JP2024503109A - Conformal fluid reservoir for thermal management - Google Patents

Abstract

A reservoir for use in a thermal management system includes a first housing joined to a second housing along a dividing plane that defines an interior volume. The first and second housings are asymmetric with respect to the dividing plane and carry a periphery of a barrier that divides the interior volume into a first volume and a second volume. The first port communicates with the first volume and the second port communicates with the second volume. The working fluid contained within the reservoir may be evacuated by expelling gas from a pressurized source into the reservoir through the first port and moving the barrier toward the second port. The working fluid discharged from the reservoir cools the electronic module before being discharged from the vehicle. [Selection diagram] Figure 1

Description

This application is filed by B. R. Holt and K. Y. Kim and J. F. Claims the benefit of U.S. Nonprovisional Application No. 2017/152,083, filed on January 19, 2021, on “CONFORMAL FLUID RESERVOR FOR THERMAL MANAGEMENT” by Tullius.

TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to reservoirs, and more particularly to active evacuation reservoirs used in thermal management systems.

Modern munitions (e.g., missiles, guided projectiles, torpedoes, rockets, among others) and other single-use or limited-use vehicles contain one or more electronic modules that assist in the operation of the vehicle. ing. For example, a vehicle's electronic module may be an induction module, power supply, or other high density power device used during vehicle operation. These devices generate a large heat load within a relatively small space due to their concentrated power consumption. Attempts to distribute the heat load from medium to low power density devices include using the outer body of munitions or vehicles as a heat sink, routing the heat load of electronic modules through heat pipes, and reducing thermal mass. This includes using the device to internally absorb the heat load. Currently, these attempts are insufficient to address the thermal loads generated by high density power devices for near-future products.

A method for cooling an electronic module of a vehicle includes discharging gas from a pressurized or pressure-generating reservoir into a reservoir through a first port, and discharging a working fluid contained within the reservoir with the discharged gas. evacuating through the second port by moving the barrier of the second port. Additionally, the method includes cooling the electronic module using the working fluid discharged from the reservoir and discharging the working fluid to the exterior of the vehicle through an overboard port.

The reservoir includes a first housing joined to a second housing along a dividing plane that defines an interior volume of the reservoir. The first and second housings are asymmetric with respect to the dividing plane and carry a periphery of a barrier that divides the interior volume into a first volume and a second volume. The first port communicates with the first volume and the second port communicates with the second volume.

1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system with a reservoir for discharging a working medium to dissipate a dense power load contained within a vehicle; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary reservoir incorporated into the thermal management system of FIG. 1; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary reservoir incorporated into the thermal management system of FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another exemplary embodiment of a reservoir including one or more localized recesses and/or one or more localized protrusions to further adapt the shape of the reservoir to the space inside the vehicle.

Disclosed herein are thermal management systems and related components and methods for high density power devices contained within disposable or limited use vehicles, such as munitions. The thermal management system includes a reservoir fluidly connected in series with a heat exchanger and an external port. Upon operation, the reservoir releases the fill fluid into the reservoir, driving the working fluid contained therein to the heat exchanger, and then expelling the working fluid out of the vehicle through an external port. do. The fill fluid may be stored under pressure or may be pressurized and/or generated using a gas generator. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION High-density power devices, such as vehicle electronic modules, isolate heat to the working fluid with heat exchangers to maintain the electronic module within an acceptable temperature range while the vehicle is operating.

The reservoir includes a housing having multiple sections with a barrier held between two or more housing sections. For example, some embodiments include a housing having two parts formed by first and second housings that fit together along a dividing plane. The first and second housings may be symmetrical or asymmetrical with respect to the dividing plane, which itself may be a mating surface of the first and second housings, depending on the space available inside the vehicle. and can be flat, curved, or irregular. In some embodiments, the first and second housings define an annular portion of the dividing surface. In other embodiments, the first and second housings define a partially or fully toroidal interior volume. In yet other embodiments, the first and second housings may form a spherical, cylindrical, or annular interior volume, or a portion thereof.

Certain embodiments of the reservoir have a localized protrusion extending away from the internal volume, a localized recess extending toward the internal volume, or a combination of one or more localized protrusions and localized recesses. Contains one or more housings. Examples of localized protrusions include humps, domes, ramps, bulges, ridges, protrusions, convexities, or portions of the boundary housing wall that form another deflection of the housing away from the internal volume, but not localized recesses. Examples include depressions, concavities, ingrowths, indentations, cavities, cavities, setbacks, or other deviations of the housing wall toward the interior volume. Each of the localized protrusions and/or recesses does not conform to the overall shape of the housing, but is incorporated into the overall shape of the housing using a smooth and continuous transition.

Selecting the shape of the reservoir and optionally incorporating one or more localized protrusions and/or localized recesses, the shape of the reservoir being bounded by one or more internal components and the outer casing of the vehicle. It can be fitted into the interior space of a vehicle or munitions, which may include components of radar systems, guidance systems, control surface actuation systems, and propulsion systems, among other possible interior components.

Figure 1 shows one of these features or 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system 10 including a plurality of reservoirs 12; FIG. Reservoir 12 includes a first housing 14 that is fitted into a second housing 16 and a barrier 18 that is held between the first housing 14 and the second housing 16 along the dividing surface 20. . First housing 14 and second housing 16 surround and define an interior volume 22, with barrier 18 dividing interior volume 22 into two sub-volumes 22A and 22B. Fill port 24 of reservoir 12 disposes a sub-volume 22A that communicates with a fill line 26 that fluidly connects fill port 24 to reservoir 28 . The evacuation port 30 of the reservoir 12 places the sub-volume 22B in communication with an evacuation line 32 that fluidly connects the evacuation port 30 to the external port 34. Vent port 31 communicates with sub-volume 22A and can facilitate filling of sub-volume 22B by evacuating sub-volume 22A as barrier 18 moves within reservoir 12. . A heat exchanger 36 is disposed along the exhaust line 32 between the exhaust port 30 and the external port 34 and places the exhaust line 32 in thermal communication with a heat source 38 .

Barrier 18 is operated under pressure from working fluid 40 stored within sub-volume 22B of reservoir 12, under pressure from fill fluid 42 contained or generated within reservoir 28, or under pressure from working fluid 40 stored within sub-volume 22B of reservoir 12. Under pressure from both 40 and fill fluid 42, the neutral state of barrier 18 is elastically deformable. For example, barrier 18 in some embodiments includes a neutral state that conforms to the interior wall of reservoir 12 and covers fill port 24. With this configuration, the working fluid 40 is not pressurized by the restoring force from the barrier 18. Alternatively, the neutral state of barrier 18 can be selected to divide interior volume 22 into any proportion of sub-volumes 22A and 22B, such that the neutral state of barrier 18 allows sub-volume 22A to As the pressure increases, the restoring force of the barrier 18 against the working fluid 40 increases.

In the filled state, the blocking element 44 is positioned anywhere along the drain line 32 that includes the drain port 30 or the external port 34 to retain the working fluid 40 inside the reservoir 12 . As shown, isolation element 44 is downstream of exhaust port 30 and upstream of heat exchanger 36. In some embodiments, the blocking element 44 can be a burst disk that bursts open upon exceeding a threshold pressure, or a squib that bursts open after being triggered. In other embodiments, the isolation element 44 is a two-position valve, such as a solenoid valve or a needle valve, characterized by an opening area selected to adjust the flow rate Q of the working fluid 40 within the exhaust line 32. You can. In some embodiments with a valve isolation element 44, an orifice 45 is disposed along the exhaust line 32 between the isolation element 44 and the external port 34 and is selected to be larger than the opening area of the orifice 45. may be used to adjust the flow rate Q of the working fluid 40, the opening area of the valve, or other blocking element 44. In yet other embodiments, the isolation element 44 may be a flow control valve in which the open area of the valve 44 is varied to adjust the flow rate Q within the exhaust line 32, as described further below.

Reservoir 28 contains fill fluid 42 necessary to drain working fluid 40 from reservoir 12 through drain line 32 and associated components to external port 34 . In some embodiments, fill fluid 42 fills fill line 26 up to barrier 18 , compresses barrier 18 , and is held in the filled state by blocking element 44 . In other embodiments, fill line 26 includes another isolation element 46 that retains fill fluid 42 within reservoir 28 independently of actuating fluid 40 and isolation element 44 when closed. Examples of isolation elements 46 include solenoid valves, burst discs, or squibs, among other potential isolation elements known in the art. In each configuration, the fill fluid 42 can be stored within the reservoir 28 under pressure, or alternatively, without pressure, from the reservoir 28 using pressurized gas produced by a gas generator. Can be discharged. In yet other embodiments, fill fluid 42 may be a product of the gas generator itself, while reservoir 28 contains one or more components necessary for the operation of the gas generator reaction.

Although both the working fluid 40 and the fill fluid 42 can be gases or liquids, the selection of a liquid as the working fluid 40 facilitates the construction of the heat exchanger 36 with phase changing or mixed phase flows, allowing the working fluid to The choice of gas as 42 facilitates compact storage of working fluid 42 in sufficient volume and pressure to expel working fluid 40 from reservoir 12 . Examples of liquid working fluid 40 include water, methanol, and ammonia, and examples of gaseous fill fluid 42 include carbon dioxide, dry or moist air, and nitrogen. However, any non-volatile gas or fluid having thermal properties compatible with the design of thermal management system 10 may be selected as working fluid 40 and fill fluid 42. In yet other embodiments, a gas generator may be used to generate fill fluid 42 at the beginning of a reaction of two or more components or to pressurize stored fill fluid 42.

Heat exchanger 36 puts exhaust line 32 in thermal communication with heat source 38 and rejects heat to working fluid 40 . Heat exchanger 36 may be of a variety of types, including single channel, multichannel, microchannel, plate and fin, or plate and frame heat exchanger designs arranged in single-pass or multi-pass configurations, depending on the application. You can choose the configuration. Heat exchanger 36 can be coupled directly to heat source 38 using a thermally conductive material, or through another medium, such as a gas or liquid, that circulates through heat source 38 or is contained within a heat pipe configuration. Can receive removed heat. In some embodiments, heat exchanger 36 is configured to partially or completely vaporize working fluid 40 such that gaseous or mixed phase working fluid 40 exits heat exchanger 36. .

Heat source 38 may be any component within the vehicle that generates heat. For example, heat source 38 may be a heat generating component of a radar system, guidance system, control surface actuation system, or propulsion system, among other possible internal components. In some embodiments, heat source 38 is an electronic module operably associated with one or more of the aforementioned systems. Heat generated by heat source 38 is released into working fluid 40 that exits heat exchanger 36, flows along exhaust line 32, and is exhausted to the exterior of the vehicle through external port 34.

In operation, thermal management system 10 discharges fill fluid 42 from reservoir 28 through fill port 24 of reservoir 12 and into subvolume 22A. Evacuation of fluid 42 can be initiated by opening isolation element 44 or by opening both isolation element 44 and isolation element 46. Fill fluid 42 displaces barrier 18 from a fill position covering fill port 24 to a drain position covering drain port 30, thereby draining working fluid 40 from reservoir 12 into drain line 32.

A blocking element 44 or orifice 45 regulates the flow rate Q of working fluid 40 through the exhaust line 32 while the working fluid 40 exits the reservoir 12 through the exhaust port 30 . In other embodiments where the blocking element 44 is a flow control valve, the opening area of the valve is varied to control the flow rate Q of the working fluid 40 within the exhaust line 32. In these embodiments, the isolation element 44 receives an analog or digital electrical pilot signal 48 that operates to vary the opening area of the valve, as is known in the art. For example, the signal 48 may be indicative of the temperature T of the heat source 38 and may be operated to increase the flow rate Q as the temperature T increases or exceeds a threshold temperature, although in other embodiments other application-specific temperatures Sources can also be used. In yet other embodiments, the valve schedule is stored within an electronic module contained within the vehicle or munitions that varies the valve opening area as a function of time or some other time-dependent variable via signal 48. can do. For example, the electronic module can command an increased initial opening area of the valve to a different opening area during a period that is known to produce a higher heat flux from the heat source 38.

FIG. 2A is a schematic end view and FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view, each of FIGS. Figure 2 illustrates features that can be incorporated into embodiments of reservoir 12 to adapt the shape of reservoir 12 to the space bounded by up to any number of internal components 56n, denoted by "n". As shown, reservoir 12 includes an outer housing 58 that is fitted to an inner housing 60 along a dividing plane 62 between respective flanges 64 and 66. Fasteners 67 extend through flanges 64 and 66, two of which are shown, to secure outer housing 58 to inner housing 60. In other embodiments, different mechanical attachments may be implemented. For example, outer housing 58 may be attached to inner housing 60 via suitable welded joints, adhesive or epoxy joints, or V-band clamps, among other possible mechanical attachments.

Outer housing 58 and inner housing 60 are asymmetrical with respect to a dividing plane 62 defined along mating surfaces of flanges 64 and 66. Collectively, outer housing 58 and inner housing 60 surround an interior volume 68 shown in FIG. 2B. A barrier 70 is maintained between the outer housing 58 and the inner housing 60, which is shown in a fill position 70A, a discharge position, and an intermediate position 70C. Barrier 70 divides interior volume 68 into sub-volumes 68A and 68B, best shown with barrier 70 in intermediate position 70C. In fill position 70A, barrier 70 fits within the inner surface of outer housing 58 and covers fill port 72. In the ejection position 70B, the barrier 70 fits within the inner surface of the inner housing 60 and covers the ejection port 74. Fill port 72 and drain port 74 communicate with fill line 26 and drain line 32, respectively. In operation, fill fluid 42 enters sub-volume 68A and moves barrier 70 from fill position 70A to discharge position 70B, discharging working fluid 40 from interior volume 68 into discharge line 32. In other embodiments, the positions of fill port 72 and drain port 74 can be reversed such that fill fluid 42 moves barrier 70 from inner housing 60 to outer housing 58.

FIG. 3 shows a reservoir with one or more localized recesses 76, one or more localized projections 78, and one or more localized recesses 76 and one or more localized projections 78. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of twelve alternative embodiments; FIG. Each localized recess 76 is characterized by a wall of the outer housing 58 or inner housing 60 that is deflected inwardly toward the inner volume 68 relative to the overall shape of the outer or inner housing. In contrast, each localized projection 78 is characterized by a wall of the outer housing 58 or inner housing 60 that deviates from the inner volume 68 relative to the general shape of the outer housing 58 or inner housing 60.

As shown in FIG. 3, reservoir 12 includes a localized recess 76 in outer housing 58 and a localized protrusion 60 in inner housing 60. As shown in FIG. Although the shape of the barrier 70 is different from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, it accommodates a localized recess 76 and a localized protrusion 60, and the barrier 70 is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2B. Fits within the inner surface of outer housing 58 or inner housing 60. Similarly, working fluid enters one of ports 72 and 74 and discharges working fluid 40 from the other port 72 or port 74, depending on the configuration. Similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the reservoir 12 incorporating one or more localized recesses 76 and/or one or more localized protrusions 78 is asymmetrical with respect to the dividing plane 62. The outer housing 58 and the inner housing 60 can have an outer housing 58 and an inner housing 60. In this way, the reservoir 12 can fit into the interior space of the vehicle bounded by the outer casing 50 and one or more of the interior components 56A-56n.

Discussion of Possible Embodiments The following provides a non-exclusive description of possible embodiments of the invention.

A reservoir according to the present disclosure includes, among other possibilities, a first housing and a second housing joined to the first housing along a dividing plane; and a second housing defining an interior volume therebetween. A periphery of the barrier held between the first housing and the second housing divides the interior volume into a first volume and a second volume. The first port communicates with the first volume and the second port communicates with the second volume. The first housing and the second housing are asymmetrical with respect to the dividing plane.

The reservoir of the preceding paragraph may optionally additionally and/or alternatively include any one or more of the following features, configurations, and/or additional components.

In a further embodiment of the aforementioned reservoir, the bounding wall of the first housing or the second housing may define a localized projection extending away from the internal volume.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned reservoirs, the bounding wall of the first housing or the second housing may define a localized protrusion extending towards the internal volume.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned reservoirs, the first housing and the second housing may delimit an annular portion of the dividing surface.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned reservoirs, the interior volume defined by the first housing and the second housing may delimit at least a portion of the toroid.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned reservoirs, the first housing may be joined to the second housing with a non-planar flange.

A vehicle according to the present disclosure includes an electronic module and a thermal management system, among other possibilities. The thermal management system includes a reservoir, a reservoir, an external port, a first line fluidly connecting the reservoir to the first port, and a second line fluidly connecting the second port to the external port, a second port. and a burst disk or squib positioned along a second line between the second port and the heat exchanger. The reservoir includes a first housing and a second housing joined to the first housing along a dividing plane and defining an interior volume between the first housing and the second housing. A periphery of the barrier held between the first housing and the second housing divides the interior volume into a first volume and a second volume. The first port communicates with the first volume and the second port communicates with the second volume. The first housing and the second housing are asymmetrical with respect to the dividing plane. A heat exchanger is in thermal communication with the electronic module.

The vehicles of the preceding paragraphs may optionally additionally and/or alternatively include any one or more of the following features, configurations, and/or additional components.

In further embodiments of the aforementioned vehicle, the bounding wall of the first housing or the second housing may define a localized projection extending away from the interior volume.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned vehicles, a bounding wall of the first housing or the second housing may define a localized protrusion extending toward the interior volume.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned vehicles, the first housing and the second housing may delimit an annular portion of the dividing surface.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned vehicles, the interior volume defined by the first housing and the second housing may delimit at least a portion of the toroid.

Further embodiments of any of the aforementioned vehicles may include one or more components adjacent to a reservoir that at least partially bounds a space within the vehicle.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned vehicles, the first housing and the second housing can conform to the shape of the space.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned vehicles, one of the first housing and the second housing has a localized protrusion extending away from the interior volume or a localized recess extending toward the interior volume. can be included.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned vehicles, the localized protrusion can conform to one or more components.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned vehicles, the localized recess may fit one or more components.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned vehicles, one of the first and second housings of the reservoir can fit within an interior surface of the body of the vehicle.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned vehicles, the first housing may be joined to the second housing with a non-planar flange.

A method of cooling an electronic module of a vehicle according to the present disclosure includes, among other possibilities and/or steps, discharging a gas from a storage section through a first port into a reservoir, contained within the reservoir. including discharging the working fluid through the second port by displacing a barrier within the reservoir with the vented gas. Further, the method includes cooling the electronic module using the working fluid discharged from the reservoir and discharging the working fluid to the exterior of the vehicle through the third port.

The methods described above may optionally additionally and/or alternatively include any one or more of the following features, configurations, and/or additional components.

Further embodiments of the aforementioned method may include cooling the electronic module including discharging the working fluid through a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the electronic module.

A further embodiment of any of the foregoing methods includes directing heat from the second port of the reservoir using one of the orifices or valves disposed along the line fluidly connecting the second port of the reservoir to the heat exchanger. adjusting the flow rate of working fluid to the exchanger.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned methods, the flow rate of the working fluid from the second port to the heat exchanger is regulated by a solenoid valve, orifice or needle valve.

Further embodiments of any of the foregoing methods may include actuating the squib to thereby evacuate gas from the reservoir and evacuate working fluid from the reservoir.

A further embodiment of any of the foregoing methods provides heat exchange from the second port of the reservoir by varying the opening area of a valve disposed along the line fluidly connecting the second port of the reservoir to the heat exchanger. The method may include adjusting the flow rate of the working fluid to the device.

Further embodiments of any of the aforementioned methods may include sensing parameters of a heat exchanger or electronic module.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned methods, the electronic module can vary the opening area of the valve based on the parameter.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned methods, the opening area of the valve may be varied according to a schedule stored in an electronic module that defines the opening area of the valve as a function of a time-dependent variable.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned methods, the schedule may define at least a first aperture area and a second aperture area.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned methods, each of the first aperture area and the second aperture area may be zero.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned methods, cooling the electronic module includes using heat removed from the electronic module to cause a phase change of at least a portion of the working fluid.

In further embodiments of any of the aforementioned methods, venting gas from the reservoir may include opening a solenoid valve.

In further embodiments of any of the foregoing methods, venting gas from the reservoir may include rupturing the burst disk by exceeding a threshold pressure within the fill line.

Although the invention has been described with respect to illustrative embodiment(s), it is understood that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for its elements without departing from the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will understand. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment(s) disclosed, but that the invention include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (20)

A method of cooling an electronic module of a vehicle, the method comprising:
discharging gas from the reservoir into the reservoir through the first port;
moving a barrier within the reservoir using gas exhausted from the reservoir;
discharging the working fluid contained within the reservoir through a second port by moving the barrier;
cooling the electronic module using the working fluid discharged from the reservoir;
discharging the working fluid to the exterior of the vehicle through a third port;
method including. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein cooling the electronic module includes discharging the working fluid through a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the electronic module. the working fluid from the second port to the heat exchanger using one of an orifice or valve disposed along a line fluidly connecting the second port of the reservoir to the heat exchanger. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising adjusting the flow rate of. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising actuating a squib to thereby evacuate the gas from the reservoir and evacuate the working fluid from the reservoir. of the working fluid from the second port to the heat exchanger by varying the opening area of a valve disposed along a line fluidly connecting the second port of the reservoir to the heat exchanger. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising adjusting the flow rate. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising sensing a parameter of the heat exchanger or the electronic module, and causing the electronic module to vary the opening area of the valve based on the parameter. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the opening area of the valve varies according to a schedule stored in the electronic module that defines the opening area of the valve as a function of a time-dependent variable. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the schedule defines at least a first aperture area and a second aperture area, each of the first aperture area and the second aperture area being non-zero. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein cooling the electronic module includes using heat removed from the electronic module to cause a phase change of at least a portion of the working fluid. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein venting gas from the reservoir includes rupturing a burst disk by exceeding a threshold pressure within a fill line. A reservoir,
a first housing;
the second housing joined to the first housing along a dividing plane and defining an interior volume between the first and second housings;
a barrier having a periphery held between the first housing and the second housing and dividing the interior volume into a first volume and a second volume;
a first port communicating with the first volume;
a second port communicating with the second volume,
The reservoir, wherein the first housing and the second housing are asymmetrical with respect to the dividing plane. 12. The reservoir of claim 11, wherein a bounding wall of the first housing or the second housing defines a localized protrusion extending away from the interior volume of the reservoir. 12. The reservoir of claim 11, wherein a boundary wall of the first housing of the second housing defines a localized recess extending toward the interior volume of the reservoir. 12. The reservoir of claim 11, wherein the first housing and the second housing define an annular portion of the dividing surface. 12. The reservoir of claim 11, wherein the interior volume defined by the first housing and the second housing delimits at least a portion of a toroid. A vehicle,
an electronic module;
A thermal management system,
a storage section;
A reservoir,
a first housing;
the second housing joined to the first housing along a dividing plane and defining an interior volume between the first and second housings;
a barrier having a periphery held between the first housing and the second housing and dividing the interior volume into a first volume and a second volume;
a first port communicating with the first volume;
a second port communicating with the second volume,
the reservoir including the second port, the first housing and the second housing being asymmetric with respect to the dividing plane;
an external port communicating with an external space around the vehicle;
a first line fluidly connecting the reservoir to the first port;
a second line fluidly connecting the second port to the external port;
a position of a heat exchanger along the second line between the second port of the reservoir and the external port and in thermal communication with the electronic module;
the thermal management system including a burst disk or squib disposed along the second line between the second port of the reservoir and the heat exchanger;
including vehicles. one or more components adjacent the reservoir at least partially bounding a space inside the vehicle, the first housing and the second housing conforming to the shape of the space; 17. The vehicle of claim 16, further comprising one or more components. one of the first housing and the second housing includes a localized protrusion extending away from the internal volume or a localized recess extending toward the internal volume; 18. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein the portion or the localized recess conforms to the one or more components. 18. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein one of the first housing and the second housing of the reservoir fits within an interior surface of a body of the vehicle. 17. The vehicle of claim 16, wherein the first housing joins the second housing with a non-planar flange.

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