JP2024076684A - Building exterior and fastening systems - Google Patents

Abstract

An exterior wall and fastening system that is easy to maintain is provided.
[Solution] An exterior wall 1 of a building comprises a plurality of base materials 10, a fixing fixture system 100 attached to the base materials 10, and a plurality of wooden exterior materials 20 fixed to the base material 10 via the fixing fixture system 100. The fixing fixture system 100 comprises a plurality of rails 110 arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rails 110, and a plurality of fittings 120 attached to the rails 110 so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction of the rails 110. The fittings 120 fix the wooden exterior materials 20. The length of the rails 110 is set to a length corresponding to the width of the base materials 10 along the longitudinal direction of the rails 110 when the rails 110 are attached to the base material 10. The rails 110 are arranged on the base material 10 so as not to straddle a plurality of base materials 10.
[Selected figure] Figure 7

Description

This disclosure relates to building exterior walls and fastening systems.

2. Description of the Related Art With regard to the exterior walls of buildings, there are known exterior walls to which wooden exterior materials are attached.
For example, the exterior wall described in Patent Document 1 includes a wall base, a base/mounting member that is nailed to the wall base by a fixing device, a mounting fixture that is fixed to the base/mounting member by the fixing device, and a wooden exterior material (in Patent Document 1, a wooden wall material) that is attached to the mounting fixture. The fixing device is a long member with a pointed tip, such as a screw or a nail. The base/mounting member is a member that serves as a base for the wooden exterior material. The mounting fixture is a member that has a mounting groove into which the wooden exterior material can be inserted. The multiple base/mounting members are nailed to the wall base by the fixing device while connected to each other. Then, the mounting fixture is fixed to the surface of the base/mounting member by the fixing device. The wooden exterior material is fixed to the base/mounting member by being inserted into the mounting groove of the mounting fixture.

JP 2007-23555 A

When a building sways due to the effects of earthquakes or wind, there is a risk that the wall material may be damaged. For example, if rainwater seeps into damaged joints, this can lead to deterioration of the wall. In conventional exterior walls (e.g., Patent Document 1), the structure makes it difficult to remove the fasteners and attachments, making it difficult to maintain the wall material. For this reason, there is room for improvement in the exterior walls and fastening hardware systems of buildings with wooden exterior materials.

(1) The exterior wall of a building that solves the above problem is an exterior wall of a building that includes a plurality of base materials supported by pillars or partitions, a fixing hardware system attached to the base materials, and a plurality of wooden exterior materials fixed to the base materials via the fixing hardware system, the fixing hardware system including a plurality of rails that are provided on the base materials and spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rails, and a plurality of fittings that are slidably attached to the rails along the longitudinal direction of the rails, the fittings fixing the wooden exterior materials so that the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior materials intersects with the longitudinal direction of the rails, the length of the rails is set to a length that corresponds to the width of the base material along the longitudinal direction of the rails when the rails are attached to the base material, and the rails are placed on the base material so as not to straddle the plurality of base materials. With this configuration, the rails do not straddle the joints, making it easy to maintain the joints.

(2) In the exterior wall of the building described in (1) above, the wooden exterior material has a first connection portion provided along one edge in the width direction of the wooden exterior material and a second connection portion provided along the other edge in the width direction of the wooden exterior material, and the multiple wooden exterior materials are arranged in the width direction of the wooden exterior material so that the first connection portion of one adjacent wooden exterior material and the second connection portion of the other adjacent wooden exterior material overlap each other, and are arranged so that the first connection portion or the second connection portion of the wooden exterior material overlaps a joint provided between the multiple base materials in a front view of the exterior wall. With this configuration, when the house shakes due to an external force such as an earthquake, the wooden exterior material can follow the shaking of the base material.

(3) In the exterior wall of the building described in (2) above, the wooden exterior material is arranged so that the inner end of the opposing portion between the first connection portion and the second connection portion of the wooden exterior material does not overlap the joint when viewed from the front of the exterior wall. With this configuration, sunlight, wind and rain that enters between the first connection portion and the second connection portion are less likely to hit the joint, making it easier to protect the joint.

(4) In the exterior wall of the building described in (2) above, the first connection portion of the wooden exterior material has a first support portion supported by the metal fitting, and the second connection portion of the wooden exterior material has a second support portion supported by the metal fitting, and the metal fitting has a metal fitting main body portion, a first engagement portion provided on the metal fitting main body portion and engaging with the first support portion of the first connection portion of one of the two adjacent wooden exterior materials, and a second engagement portion provided on the metal fitting main body portion and engaging with the second support portion of the second connection portion overlapping the first connection portion of the other of the two adjacent wooden exterior materials. According to this configuration, the wooden exterior material can be temporarily fixed to the metal fitting by engaging the first support portion of the wooden exterior material with the first engagement portion of the metal fitting and engaging the second support portion with the second engagement portion of another metal fitting. Therefore, it is easy to adjust the position of the wooden exterior material when arranging the wooden exterior material.

(5) In the exterior wall of the building described in (1) above, the rail has a rail body that supports the metal fittings and a number of legs that protrude from the bottom surface of the rail body, and the rail is fixed to the base material via the legs so that at least a portion of the rail body is separated from the base material. With this configuration, rainwater may seep in between two adjacent wooden exterior materials. In this case, the rainwater flows downward along the base material. At this time, the rainwater can pass through the gap formed between the rail body and the base material. This makes it possible to prevent rainwater from accumulating at the top of the rail.

(6) In the exterior wall of the building described in (5) above, the rail body has a slit extending along the longitudinal direction of the rail, and the metal fitting has an insertion hole, a bolt that passes through the insertion hole and the slit, and a nut that is attached to the bolt, and is fixed to the rail body by tightening the nut. With this configuration, the metal fitting is fixed to the rail by tightening the nut. This makes it easy to fix the metal fitting.

(7) In the exterior wall of any one of the buildings described above in (1) to (6), each of the rails is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the rail is horizontal, and each of the wooden exterior materials is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior material is vertical. With this configuration, an exterior wall can be constructed in which the wooden exterior materials are laid vertically.

(8) In the exterior wall of any one of the buildings described in (1) to (6) above, each of the rails is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the rail is vertical, and each of the wooden exterior materials is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior material is horizontal. With this configuration, the space between the base material and the wooden exterior material is not divided by the rails in the vertical direction, but is continuous in the vertical direction. This makes it difficult for ventilation due to rising air currents to be impeded inside the wooden exterior material, and for rainwater that has entered the wooden exterior material to be drained, making it easier to maintain good conditions inside the wooden exterior material.

(9) A fixing hardware system that solves the above problem is a system for fixing multiple wooden exterior materials to a base material of an exterior wall of a building, and includes multiple rails that are provided on the base material and arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rails, and multiple metal fittings that are attached to the rails so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction of the rails, and the metal fittings fix the wooden exterior materials in a state in which the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior materials intersects with the longitudinal direction of the rails, and the length of the rails is set to a length corresponding to the width of the base material along the longitudinal direction of the rails when the rails are attached to the base material. According to this configuration, the rails have a length corresponding to the width of the base material. Since the rails can be attached without straddling the joints of the base material, it is easy to perform maintenance on the joints when the rails are attached to the base material.

The building exterior walls and fastening system disclosed herein make maintenance easy.

FIG. FIG. 2 is a front view of the base material and the fastening metal fitting system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a base material and a fastening system according to the first embodiment. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the outer wall taken along line 4-4 in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the fixing member of FIG. 4 . FIG. 2 is a front view of the wooden exterior material according to the first embodiment. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the outer wall taken along line 7-7 in FIG. 6. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exterior wall showing a procedure for installing wooden exterior materials. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exterior wall showing a procedure for installing wooden exterior materials. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exterior wall showing a procedure for installing wooden exterior materials. FIG. 11 is a front view of an outer wall according to the second embodiment. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the outer wall taken along line 12-12 in FIG. 11. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an outer wall of a first modified example. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a base material and a fastening system according to a second modified example. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the outer wall taken along line 15-15 in FIG. 14.

First Embodiment
The exterior wall 1 will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 10. In the first embodiment, the upward direction DA is defined as a direction facing upward in the vertical direction. The rightward direction DB is defined as a direction facing right toward the building in the horizontal direction. The width direction DC of the wooden exterior material 20 is defined as the short side direction of the wooden exterior material 20 when viewed from the front.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, an exterior wall 1 comprises a number of base materials 10 supported by columns 2 or partitions 3, a fastening system 100 attached to the base materials 10, and a number of wooden exterior materials 20 fixed to the base materials 10 via the fastening system 100. Examples of such exterior walls 1 include walls that separate the inside and outside of a building (so-called exterior walls), veranda walls, terrace walls, balcony walls, and exterior structures. In this embodiment, the exterior wall 1 is a roof balcony wall.

In this embodiment, the pillars 2 and studs 3 are made of wood. The pillars 2 and studs 3 may also be made of steel.

As shown in Figure 1, structural plywood 4 is nailed to the pillars 2 and studs 3. Then, furring strips 5 are fixed to the pillars 2 and studs 3 via the structural plywood 4. Note that the furring strips 5 attached to the interior side of the studs 3 in the railing wall of the roof balcony in Figure 1 are omitted.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, multiple base materials 10 are fixed to the furring strips 5. In this embodiment, the base materials 10 are concrete panels. In one example, the width of the base material 10 in the short direction when viewed from the front is 1000 mm. Adjacent base materials 10 are connected via joints 11 (see Figure 7).

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a wooden exterior material support bracket 12 is attached to the bottom end of the base material 10. The wooden exterior material support bracket 12 has a length from one end of the base material 10 to which the wooden exterior material support bracket 12 is attached to the other end. The wooden exterior material support bracket 12 also has a step 13 at the bottom. The step 13 supports the wooden exterior material 20 from below.

<Fixed bracket system>
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the fastening system 100 is provided on a base material 10. The fastening system 100 supports a wooden exterior material 20. The fastening system 100 includes a plurality of rails 110 and a plurality of fittings 120. The plurality of rails 110 are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the base material 10. In this embodiment, the plurality of rails 110 are arranged at intervals vertically. The fittings 120 are attached to the rails 110 so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction of the rails 110.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the rails 110 are attached to the base material 10, the length of the rails 110 is set to a length that corresponds to the width of the base material 10 along the longitudinal direction of the rails 110. This allows the rails 110 to be placed on the base material 10 so as not to straddle multiple base materials 10. In this embodiment, each of the multiple rails 110 is placed so that the longitudinal direction of the rails 110 is horizontal. The multiple rails 110 form a row for each base material 10 to which they are attached. This row is defined as a rail group 110A.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the rail 110 has a rail body 111 that supports the metal fittings 120, and a number of legs 113. The legs 113 protrude from a bottom surface 112 of the rail body 111. The rail 110 is made of metal. The legs 113 may be integrally formed with the rail body 111, or may be made of a separate member. In this embodiment, the legs 113 are integrally formed with the rail body 111.

The rail body 111 has a slit 114 that extends along the longitudinal direction of the rail 110. The rail body 111 has a first terminal end 115 located in the longitudinal direction of the rail body 111, and a second terminal end 116 located at the end of the rail body 111 opposite the first terminal end 115. The slit 114 extends to divide the first terminal end 115. The second terminal end 116 of the rail body 111 has a continuous portion 60 that is continuous with the leg 113.

The legs 113 are provided near the first end 115 and the second end 116. The legs 113 are provided with screw holes 117. The rail 110 is fixed to the base material 10 via the legs 113 by driving screws 118 into the screw holes 117 from above the base material 10. In this state, at least a portion of the rail main body 111 is separated from the base material 10. Specifically, the portion of the rail main body 111 between the two legs 113 is separated from the base material 10.

3 to 5, the metal fitting 120 has an insertion hole 121, a bolt 122, and a nut 123 attached to the bolt 122. The insertion hole 121 is provided in the metal fitting body 124 described below. The bolt 122 passes through the insertion hole 121 and the slit 114. The bolt 122 is attached to the metal fitting body 124 so that the shaft of the bolt 122 passes through the slit 114. When the fixing metal fitting system 100 is attached to the base material 10, the head 122A of the bolt 122 is disposed between the rail body 111 and the base material 10. The shaft extending from the head 122A of the bolt 122 passes through the slit 114 of the rail body 111 and protrudes from the rail body 111. The head 122A of the bolt 122 is plate-shaped and is sized to be caught in the slit 114. In one example, the head 122A is configured as a rectangular parallelepiped. The metal fitting 120 is fixed to the rail body 111 by tightening the bolt 122 and nut 123. The position of the metal fitting 120 can be readjusted by loosening the bolt 122 and nut 123.

3 and 4, the metal fitting 120 has a metal fitting main body 124, and a first engagement portion 125 and a second engagement portion 126 that are provided on the metal fitting main body 124 and engage with the wooden exterior material 20. The first engagement portion 125 and the second engagement portion 126 are provided on the metal fitting main body 124. The first engagement portion 125 extends in the opposite direction to the second engagement portion 126. The metal fitting 120 also has a flange portion 127 that extends along the lip portion 119 of the rail 110. The metal fitting 120 supports the wooden exterior material 20 by the first engagement portion 125 and the second engagement portion 126.

<Wooden exterior materials>
As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the wooden exterior material 20 has a first connection portion 21 provided along one edge of the wooden exterior material 20 in the width direction DC, and a second connection portion 22 provided along the other edge of the wooden exterior material 20 in the width direction DC. The multiple wooden exterior materials 20 are arranged in the width direction DC of the wooden exterior material 20. In the multiple wooden exterior materials 20, two adjacent wooden exterior materials 20 are arranged so that the first connection portion 21 of one adjacent wooden exterior material 20 and the second connection portion 22 of the other adjacent wooden exterior material 20 overlap each other. In addition, a predetermined number of wooden exterior materials 20 are arranged for each base material 10. In one example, four wooden exterior materials 20 are arranged for one base material 10. Furthermore, the wooden exterior materials 20 located at the end of the base material 10 are arranged so that the first connection portion 21 or the second connection portion 22 of the wooden exterior material 20 overlaps the joint 11 provided between the multiple base materials 10 in a front view of the exterior wall 1. In this case, overlapping indicates that at least a part of the first connection portion 21 or the second connection portion 22 is positioned so as to overlap the joint 11 when viewed from the front of the exterior wall 1. In addition, the wooden exterior material 20 may be positioned so that the inner end 29 of the opposing portion 23 between the first connection portion 21 and the second connection portion 22 of the wooden exterior material 20 does not overlap the joint 11 when viewed from the front of the exterior wall 1.

Referring to FIG. 7, a specific example of overlap between the first connection portion 21 and the second connection portion 22 of two adjacent wooden exterior materials 20 will be described. For two adjacent wooden exterior materials 20, the first connection portion 21 of one wooden exterior material 20 faces the second connection portion 22 of the other wooden exterior material 20. The facing portion 23 between the first connection portion 21 and the second connection portion 22 includes a portion of the first connection portion 21 that faces the second connection portion 22 across a gap, and a portion of the second connection portion 22 that corresponds to the first connection portion 21 across a gap. The inner end 29 of the facing portion 23 indicates the portion of the facing portion 23 that is closest to the base material 10.

Of two adjacent wooden exterior materials 20, the first connection portion 21 of one of the wooden exterior materials 20 includes three portions that face the second connection portion 22. Specifically, the first connection portion 21 includes a first facing portion 23A, a second facing portion 23B, and a third facing portion 23C.

The first opposing portion 23A extends vertically from the outer surface of the wooden exterior material 20 toward the base material 10. The first opposing portion 23A faces the second connection portion 22 of another wooden exterior material 20 in the width direction DC of the wooden exterior material 20.

The second opposing portion 23B extends from the inner end of the first opposing portion 23A in the thickness direction of the wooden exterior material 20 in the width direction DC of the wooden exterior material 20. The second opposing portion 23B faces the second connection portion 22 of another wooden exterior material 20 in a front view of the exterior wall 1.

The third opposing portion 23C extends vertically from the end of the second opposing portion 23B opposite the end to which the first opposing portion 23A is connected, so as to approach the base material 10. The third opposing portion 23C faces the second connection portion 22 of another wooden exterior material 20 in the width direction DC of the wooden exterior material 20. The part of the third opposing portion 23C that is closest to the base material 10 is included in the inner end 29 of the opposing portion 23. The third opposing portion 23C is located at a position shifted in the width direction DC from the joint 11 between two adjacent wooden exterior materials 20. This makes it difficult for rainwater and wind entering from the opposing portion 23 to directly hit the joint 11.

The dimensions of the wooden exterior material 20 and rails 110 are shown as examples. The width of the wooden exterior material 20 in the width direction DC is 250 mm. The length of the wooden exterior material 20 is approximately the same as the height of one floor of a building. In this embodiment, the length of the wooden exterior material 20 is 3000 mm. The rails 110 of the rail group 110A are attached to the base material 10 at intervals of 450 mm to 500 mm in the vertical direction.

<Engagement between wooden exterior materials and metal fittings>
When fixing the wooden exterior materials 20, the wooden exterior materials 20 are arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior materials 20 intersects with the longitudinal direction of the rail 110. In this embodiment, each of the multiple wooden exterior materials 20 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior materials 20 is vertical.

As shown in FIG. 7, the first connection portion 21 of the wooden exterior material 20 has a first support portion 21A supported by the metal fitting 120. And the second connection portion 22 of the wooden exterior material 20 has a second support portion 22A supported by the metal fitting 120. When a plurality of wooden exterior materials 20 are fixed to the base material 10, the first support portion 21A of one of the two adjacent wooden exterior materials 20 engages with the first engagement portion 125 of the metal fitting 120. The second support portion 22A of the other of the two adjacent wooden exterior materials 20 engages with the second engagement portion 126 of the metal fitting 120.

The two metal fittings 120 clamp the wooden exterior material 20 between them. Specifically, the first engagement portion 125 of the metal fitting 120, which is disposed at one end of the wooden exterior material 20 in the width direction DC, engages with the first support portion 21A of the wooden exterior material 20. The second engagement portion 126 of the metal fitting 120, which is disposed at the other end of the wooden exterior material 20 in the width direction DC, engages with the second support portion 22A of the wooden exterior material 20. In this way, the wooden exterior material 20 is clamped by a pair of metal fittings 120. The wooden exterior material 20 is also disposed so as to intersect with the multiple rails 110. For this reason, the wooden exterior material 20 is supported at multiple points by the pair of metal fittings 120 provided on each of the multiple rails 110. The wooden exterior material 20 is temporarily fixed by being clamped by the multiple sets of metal fittings 120. In the temporarily fixed state of the wooden exterior material 20, the position of the wooden exterior material 20 does not shift even with some vibration. Then, the metal fittings 120 that hold the wooden exterior material 20 are fixed to the rail body 111, thereby fixing the wooden exterior material 20 to the base material 10.

<Installation procedure for multiple wooden exterior materials>
The procedure for attaching a plurality of wooden exterior materials 20 will be described with reference to Figures 8 to 10. The wooden exterior materials 20 are fixed in order from the previously fixed wooden exterior material 20 toward the right DB. In Figure 9, the wooden exterior material 20 to be fixed is the nth wooden exterior material 20 (n is a natural number of 2 or more). Note that in Figures 8 to 10, the bolts 122 and nuts 123 hidden by the rails 110 and metal fittings 120 are omitted.

As shown in Figures 8 to 10, first, the first support portion 21A of the wooden exterior material 20 is engaged from the right with the first engagement portion 125 of the metal fitting 120 supporting the (n-1)th fixed wooden exterior material 20. The first engagement portion 125 of the metal fitting 120 engages with the first support portion 21A of the wooden exterior material 20.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the metal fitting 120, which is slidable along the longitudinal direction of the rail 110, is brought close to the wooden exterior material 20 from the right. Then, the second engagement portion 126 of the metal fitting 120 is engaged with the second support portion 22A of the wooden exterior material 20. In this state, the wooden exterior material 20 is fixed in place by tightening the nut 123 of the metal fitting 120.

Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the first support portion 21A of the (n+1)th wooden exterior material 20 is engaged from the right with the first engagement portion 125 of the metal fitting 120 supporting the nth fixed wooden exterior material 20. Thereafter, the above procedure is repeated to fix multiple wooden exterior materials 20 to the rail 110.

The operation of this embodiment will now be described.
A plurality of wooden exterior materials 20 are fixed to the base material 10 via metal fittings 120 attached to the rails 110. The rails 110 are attached to the base material 10 so as not to straddle the joints 11. The metal fittings 120 are slidable along the longitudinal direction of the rails 110.

Conventionally, the fixing hardware system for fixing the wooden exterior material 20 was not designed with maintenance inside the exterior wall 1 in mind. In this regard, according to this embodiment, the wooden exterior material 20 is fixed by the hardware 120, which is slidable along the longitudinal direction of the rail 110, as described above. This allows the wooden exterior material 20 to be easily moved together with the hardware 120 by releasing the fixation of the hardware 120. This makes it easy to maintain the exterior wall 1. In particular, since the rail 110 does not straddle the joints 11, maintenance of the joints 11 can be easily performed.

The effects of this embodiment will be described.
(1) The fixing fixture system 100 includes a plurality of fixtures 120 attached to the rail 110 so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction of the rail 110. The fixtures 120 fix the wooden exterior material 20 in a state in which the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior material 20 intersects with the longitudinal direction of the rail 110. The length of the rail 110 is set to a length corresponding to the width of the base material 10 along the longitudinal direction of the rail 110 in a state in which the rail 110 is attached to the base material 10. The rail 110 is placed on the base material 10 so as not to straddle a plurality of base materials 10. With this configuration, the rail 110 does not straddle the joints 11, and therefore maintenance of the joints 11 can be easily performed.

(2) The multiple wooden exterior materials 20 are arranged in the width direction DC of the wooden exterior materials 20 so that the first connection portion 21 of one adjacent wooden exterior material 20 and the second connection portion 22 of the other adjacent wooden exterior material 20 overlap each other. Also, when viewed from the front of the exterior wall 1, the first connection portion 21 or the second connection portion 22 of the wooden exterior materials 20 are arranged so as to overlap the joints 11 provided between the multiple base materials 10. With this configuration, when the house shakes due to an external force such as an earthquake, the wooden exterior materials 20 can follow the shaking of the base material 10.

(3) When viewed from the front of the exterior wall 1, the inner end 29 of the opposing portion 23 between the first connection portion 21 and the second connection portion 22 of the wooden exterior material 20 does not overlap the joint 11.

At the connection portion of two adjacent wooden exterior materials 20, the first connection portion 21 of one wooden exterior material 20 and the second connection portion 22 of the other wooden exterior material 20 overlap. Since the first connection portion 21 and the second connection portion 22 overlap each other, water or light is unlikely to enter the inside of the wooden exterior material 20 from the connection portion of the two wooden exterior materials 20. However, since there is a gap between the first connection portion 21 and the second connection portion 22, sunlight may leak in, or rainwater or wind may enter. Sunlight deteriorates the resin that constitutes the joint 11. Rainwater deteriorates the joint 11, the base material 10, the pillar 2, and the stud 3. Wind brings sand and dust into the inside of the wooden exterior material 20. There is a risk that the joint 11 will deteriorate due to sand and dust accompanied by the wind. If the opposing portion 23 of the first connection portion 21 and the second connection portion 22 is near the joint 11, sunlight, rainwater, or wind is likely to hit the joint 11. In this regard, according to the above configuration, the inner end 29 of the opposing portion 23 between the first connection portion 21 and the second connection portion 22 does not overlap with the joint 11. Therefore, sunlight, rain, and wind that enter between the first connection portion 21 and the second connection portion 22 are less likely to hit the joint 11. In this way, the joint 11 is more easily protected.

(4) The metal fitting 120 has a first engaging portion 125 and a second engaging portion 126. The first engaging portion 125 engages with the first support portion 21A of the first connecting portion 21 of one of the two adjacent wooden exterior materials 20. The second engaging portion 126 engages with the second support portion 22A of the second connecting portion 22 that overlaps with the first connecting portion 21 of the other of the two adjacent wooden exterior materials 20. With this configuration, the wooden exterior material 20 can be temporarily fixed to the metal fitting 120 by engaging the first supporting portion 21A of the wooden exterior material 20 with the first engaging portion 125 of the metal fitting 120 and engaging the second supporting portion 22A with the second engaging portion 126 of another metal fitting 120. Therefore, it is easy to adjust the position of the wooden exterior material 20 when arranging the wooden exterior material 20.

(5) The rail 110 has a rail body 111 that supports the metal fittings 120, and a number of legs 113 that protrude from the bottom surface 112 of the rail body 111. The rail 110 is fixed to the base material 10 via the legs 113 so that at least a portion of the rail body 111 is separated from the base material 10. With this configuration, rainwater may enter between two adjacent wooden exterior materials 20. In this case, the rainwater flows downward along the base material 10. At this time, the rainwater can pass through the gap formed between the rail body 111 and the base material 10. This makes it possible to prevent rainwater from accumulating at the top of the rail 110.

(6) The rail main body 111 has a slit 114 that extends along the longitudinal direction of the rail 110. The metal fitting 120 has an insertion hole 121, a bolt 122 that passes through the insertion hole 121 and the slit 114, and a nut 123 that is attached to the bolt 122. The metal fitting 120 is fixed to the rail main body 111 by tightening the nut 123 onto the bolt 122. According to this configuration, the metal fitting 120 is fixed to the rail 110 by tightening the nut 123. This makes it easy to fix the metal fitting 120.

(7) Each of the multiple rails 110 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the rail 110 is horizontal. Each of the multiple wooden exterior materials 20 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior material 20 is vertical. With this configuration, an exterior wall 1 can be constructed in which the wooden exterior materials 20 are laid vertically.

(8) The fixing fixture system 100 includes a plurality of rails 110. Furthermore, the fixing fixture system 100 includes a plurality of fixtures 120. The fixtures 120 fix the wooden exterior material 20 in a state in which the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior material 20 intersects with the longitudinal direction of the rail 110. The length of the rail 110 is set to a length corresponding to the width of the base material 10 along the longitudinal direction of the rail 110 when the rail 110 is attached to the base material 10. According to this configuration, the rail 110 has a length corresponding to the width of the base material 10. Since the rail 110 can be attached without straddling the joints 11 of the base material 10, it is easy to perform maintenance of the joints 11 when the rail 110 is attached to the base material 10.

Second Embodiment
The exterior wall 1 of this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 11 and 12. In the second embodiment, components common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and descriptions of overlapping components will be omitted.

The structure of the exterior wall 1 of this embodiment differs from the structure of the exterior wall 1 of the first embodiment in the following points. In the first embodiment, each of the multiple rails 110 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the rail 110 is horizontal. Furthermore, each of the multiple wooden exterior materials 20 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior material 20 is vertical. In contrast, in this embodiment, each of the multiple rails 110 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the rail 110 is vertical. Furthermore, each of the multiple wooden exterior materials 20 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior material 20 is horizontal. When the wooden exterior materials 20 are arranged in this manner, the first support portion 21A of the wooden exterior material 20 is below or above the second support portion 22A in a front view. In this embodiment, the first support portion 21A of the wooden exterior material 20 is above the second support portion 22A in a front view.

As shown in FIG. 11, the multiple wooden exterior materials 20 are arranged so as not to straddle the joints 11 (see FIG. 12) of the base material 10. The longitudinal length of the wooden exterior materials 20 is equal to or slightly smaller than the width of the base material 10. As an example, the longitudinal length of the wooden exterior materials 20 is 1000 mm. In addition, the lower end of the wooden exterior material 20 located at the bottom in the front view is supported by the wooden exterior material support bracket 12. The wooden exterior material support bracket 12 has substantially the same structure as the bracket 120 shown in the first embodiment. The wooden exterior material support bracket 12 in this embodiment has an engagement portion 125A that engages with the first support portion 21A of the wooden exterior material 20. Therefore, the wooden exterior material support bracket 12 can support the wooden exterior material 20. In this embodiment, the procedure for attaching the multiple wooden exterior materials 20 is the same as the installation procedure in the first embodiment. In other words, by performing the installation procedure in the first embodiment from the wooden exterior material support bracket 12 along the upward direction DA, multiple wooden exterior materials 20 can be attached to the exterior wall 1.

In one example, the length of the rail 110 is approximately the same as the height of one floor of a building. In this embodiment, the length of the rail 110 is 3000 mm. In the vertical direction, the rails 110 are attached to the base material 10 at intervals of 450 mm to 500 mm.

<Connections between adjacent wooden exterior materials>
12 , the wooden exterior material 20 has a third connection portion 27 provided along one longitudinal edge of the wooden exterior material 20, and a fourth connection portion 28 provided along the other longitudinal edge of the wooden exterior material 20. The multiple wooden exterior materials 20 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior materials 20 such that the third connection portion 27 of one adjacent wooden exterior material 20 and the fourth connection portion 28 of the other adjacent wooden exterior material 20 overlap each other. As an example, the third connection portion 27 has a shape similar to that of the first connection portion 21, and the fourth connection portion 28 has a shape similar to that of the second connection portion 22.

The effects of this embodiment will be described.
The fixing fixture system 100 of this embodiment has the same effects as the first embodiment. In addition, it has the following effects. Each of the rails 110 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the rail 110 is vertical. Each of the wooden exterior materials 20 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior materials 20 is horizontal. With this configuration, the space between the base material 10 and the wooden exterior materials 20 is not divided by the rails 110 in the vertical direction, but is continuous in the vertical direction. As a result, ventilation by rising air currents and drainage of rainwater that has entered the wooden exterior material 20 are not easily hindered inside the wooden exterior material 20, making it easier to maintain good conditions inside the wooden exterior material 20.

<Modification>
The above-described embodiments are examples of possible forms of the exterior wall 1 and the fastening system 100 of a building, and are not intended to limit the forms. The exterior wall 1 and the fastening system 100 may take forms different from those exemplified in the above-described embodiments. One example is a form in which part of the configuration of the embodiment is replaced, changed, or omitted, or a form in which a new configuration is added to the embodiment. An example of a modified example of the embodiment is shown below.

<First Modification>
13, the base material 10 may be a wooden panel 10A. A structural plywood 4A is attached to the surface of the wooden panel 10A facing the furring strip 5. The wooden panel 10A is fixed to the furring strip 5 via the structural plywood 4A.

<Second Modification>
14 and 15 , the rail main body 111 may have a rail flange convex portion 114A extending along the longitudinal direction of the rail 110, and the metal fitting 120 may have a metal fitting flange concave portion 114B extending to sandwich the rail flange convex portion 114A. The metal fitting flange concave portion 114B holds the metal fitting 120 to the rail 110 by sandwiching the rail flange convex portion 114A. The metal fitting main body 124 is provided with a fixing hole 121A. The metal fitting 120 is fixed to the rail main body 111 by driving a screw or a nail into the fixing hole 121A.

DA...upward, DB...right, DC...width direction, 1...exterior wall, 2...column, 3...stud, 4...structural plywood, 4A...structural plywood, 5...furring strip, 10...base material, 10A...wooden panel, 11...joint, 12...wooden exterior material support bracket, 13...step, 20...wooden exterior material, 21...first connection part, 21A...first support part, 22...second connection part, 22A...second support part, 23...opposing part, 23A...first opposing part, 23B...second opposing part, 23C...third opposing part, 27...third connection part, 28...fourth connection part, 100...fixing bracket system, 110...rail, 110A...rail group, 111...rail body, 112...bottom surface, 113...leg, 114...slit, 114A...rail flange convex portion, 114B...metal fitting flange concave portion, 115...first end portion, 116...second end portion, 60...continuous portion, 117...screw hole, 118...screw, 119...lip portion, 120...metal fitting, 121...insertion hole, 121A...fixing hole, 122...bolt, 123...nut, 124...metal fitting body, 125...first engagement portion, 126...second engagement portion, 127...flange portion.

Claims (9)

An exterior wall of a building comprising: a plurality of base materials supported by columns or studs; a fastening system attached to the base materials; and a plurality of wooden exterior materials fastened to the base materials via the fastening system,
The fixed fitting system includes a plurality of rails provided on the base material and spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the rails, and a plurality of fittings attached to the rails so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction of the rails;
The metal fittings fix the wooden exterior material so that a longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior material intersects with a longitudinal direction of the rail,
a length of the rail is set to a length corresponding to a width of the base material along a longitudinal direction of the rail when the rail is attached to the base material;
The rail is disposed on the base material so as not to span a plurality of the base materials.
The exterior wall of a building. The wooden exterior material has a first connection portion provided along one edge in the width direction of the wooden exterior material and a second connection portion provided along the other edge in the width direction of the wooden exterior material,
The plurality of wooden exterior materials are arranged in the width direction of the wooden exterior materials such that the first connection portion of one adjacent wooden exterior material and the second connection portion of the other adjacent wooden exterior material overlap each other, and are arranged such that the first connection portion or the second connection portion of the wooden exterior material overlaps a joint provided between the plurality of base materials in a front view of the exterior wall.
The exterior wall of a building according to claim 1. The wooden exterior material is arranged so that an inner end of an opposing portion between the first connection portion and the second connection portion of the wooden exterior material does not overlap the joint in a front view of the exterior wall.
The exterior wall of a building according to claim 2. The first connection portion of the wooden exterior material has a first support portion supported by the metal fitting,
The second connection portion of the wooden exterior material has a second support portion supported by the metal fitting,
The metal fitting has a metal fitting main body, a first engagement portion provided on the metal fitting main body and engaging with the first support portion of the first connection portion of one of the two adjacent wooden exterior materials, and a second engagement portion provided on the metal fitting main body and engaging with the second support portion of the second connection portion overlapping the first connection portion of the other of the two adjacent wooden exterior materials.
The exterior wall of a building according to claim 2. The rail has a rail main body that supports the metal fitting and a plurality of legs that protrude from a bottom surface of the rail main body,
The rail is fixed to the base material via the leg portion so that at least a portion of the rail main body is separated from the base material.
The exterior wall of a building according to claim 1. The rail body has a slit extending along the longitudinal direction of the rail,
The metal fitting has an insertion hole, a bolt that passes through the insertion hole and the slit, and a nut that is attached to the bolt, and is fixed to the rail main body by tightening the nut.
The exterior wall of a building according to claim 5. Each of the plurality of rails is arranged such that the longitudinal direction of the rail is horizontal,
Each of the plurality of wooden exterior materials is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior material is vertical.
The exterior wall of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Each of the plurality of rails is arranged such that a longitudinal direction of the rail is vertical,
Each of the plurality of wooden exterior materials is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior material is horizontal.
The exterior wall of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A fastening system for fastening a plurality of wooden exterior materials to a base material of an exterior wall of a building, comprising:
A plurality of rails are provided on the base material and arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the rails, and a plurality of metal fittings are attached to the rails so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction of the rails,
The metal fittings fix the wooden exterior material in a state where the longitudinal direction of the wooden exterior material intersects with the longitudinal direction of the rail,
The length of the rail is set to a length corresponding to the width of the base material along the longitudinal direction of the rail when the rail is attached to the base material.
Fixture system.

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