JP2024057683A - Rock bolt installation device and installation method - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To efficiently drive pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolts using a construction machine. [Solution] A rock bolt installation device includes a construction machine, a guide provided on the front end side of the boom of the construction machine, a pressing means provided so as to be movable on the guide, a mounting part 50 provided on the front end side of the pressing means, and a mounting means 100 for mounting the rear end side of a pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt to the mounting part, the mounting part having a cylindrical recess 51 with an open front end, the cylindrical recess having a fluid pressure supply mechanism (water injection mechanism 52) on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, the fluid pressure supply mechanism having a front annular sealing means and a rear annular sealing means, and an annular fluid pressure supply part having a fluid supply path for supplying a predetermined fluid pressure required to expand the rock bolt, and the mounting means is a means for mounting the rear end side of the rock bolt to the cylindrical recess of the mounting part so that the center line of the rock bolt coincides with the center line of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess. [Selected Figure] Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a rock bolt installation device and installation method for installing pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolts into the ground using a construction machine.

A rock bolt installation device and method are known which have a cylindrical recess with an open front end into which the rear end of a pressurized fluid expansion type (steel pipe expansion friction type) lock bolt is attached, and which uses an attachment part (chuck means 12) which incorporates a fluid pressure supply mechanism having an annular sealing means (grip ring 14) and an annular fluid pressure supply part (perforated spacing ring 15) on the cylindrical inner surface of the cylindrical recess (see Patent Document 1).
The construction method using the above-mentioned rock bolt construction device involves providing the mounting part at the front end of a construction machine, attaching the rear end of a pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt to a cylindrical recess in the mounting part, and then inserting the rock bolt into a driving hole formed in the ground.A predetermined water pressure is then supplied to the inside of the rock bolt via the fluid pressure supply mechanism of the mounting part, causing the rock bolt to expand and become fixed in the driving hole.

JP 2008-540874 A

After the rock bolt is inserted into the hole for driving, when a specified water pressure (fluid pressure) is supplied to the inside of the rock bolt via the fluid pressure supply mechanism of the mounting part, unless the gap between the outer surface of the rear end of the rock bolt and the inner surface of the annular sealing means is approximately uniform around the entire circumference, the annular sealing means will not be able to perform the intended normal sealing function, making it difficult to supply the specified water pressure to the inside of the rock bolt, making it impossible to expand the rock bolt, or it may take too long (water injection time) for the rock bolt to expand and be fixed in the driving hole.
Therefore, after the rock bolt is inserted into the hole for driving, when a predetermined water pressure is supplied to the inside of the rock bolt via the fluid pressure supply mechanism of the mounting part, it is preferable that the center line of the rock bolt and the center line of the cylinder in the cylindrical recess are aligned.
However, according to the above-mentioned rock bolt installation device and installation method, when the rear end side of the rock bolt is attached to the cylindrical recess of the mounting part and water pressure is not supplied to the fluid pressure supply mechanism, the sealing function of the annular sealing means is not activated, so the center line of the rock bolt is likely to be inclined with respect to the center line of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess. Therefore, when the rock bolt is inserted into the hole for concrete pouring, the center line of the rock bolt is likely to be inclined with respect to the center line of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess. In this way, when the center line of the rock bolt is inclined with respect to the center line of the cylindrical recess, the annular sealing means cannot perform the expected normal sealing function, making it difficult to supply a predetermined water pressure to the inside of the rock bolt, making it impossible to expand the rock bolt, or taking too much time (water pouring time) to expand the rock bolt and settle it in the hole for concrete pouring, making it difficult to perform the concrete pouring work efficiently.
When the driving work is performed by hand, even if the center line of the rock bolt is tilted relative to the center line of the cylindrical recess when the rock bolt is inserted into the hole for driving, it can be manually corrected so that the center line of the rock bolt and the center line of the cylindrical recess coincide with each other.
However, when the mounting portion is provided at the front end of the construction machine and concrete pouring operations are performed using the construction machine, if the center line of the rock bolt is inclined relative to the center line of the cylindrical recess when the rock bolt is inserted into the hole for concrete pouring, it becomes difficult to correct the center line of the rock bolt to coincide with the center line of the cylindrical recess, which poses the problem that concrete pouring operations cannot be performed efficiently, as described above.
The present invention provides a rock bolt installation device and installation method that enables efficient installation work when installing pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolts using construction machinery.

a mounting portion provided on the front end side of the pressing means and a mounting means for mounting a rear end side of a pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt to the mounting portion, the mounting portion having a cylindrical recess with an open front end, the cylindrical recess having a fluid pressure supply mechanism on an inner circumferential surface of the cylinder, the fluid pressure supply mechanism comprising: a front annular sealing means and a rear annular sealing means arranged at an interval on the front and rear of the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical recess, and an annular fluid pressure supply portion arranged between the front annular sealing means and the rear annular sealing means and having a fluid supply path for supplying a predetermined fluid pressure required to expand the rock bolt to the inside of the rock bolt, and the mounting means is a means for mounting the rear end side of the rock bolt to the cylindrical recess of the mounting portion so that the center line of the rock bolt and the center line of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess coincide with each other.
Furthermore, a method of installing a rock bolt using the rock bolt installation device includes a first step of installing the rear end side of the rock bolt in the cylindrical recess of the installation part by an installation means so that the center line of the rock bolt and the center line of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess coincide with each other; a second step of inserting the rock bolt installed in the cylindrical recess of the installation part into a driving hole formed in the natural ground; and a third step of supplying a predetermined fluid pressure required to expand the rock bolt via the fluid supply path of the annular fluid pressure supply part to the inside of the rock bolt inserted into the driving hole with the rear end side installed in the installation part, thereby expanding the rock bolt and fixing it in the driving hole.
In addition, in the above construction device, the mounting means is configured to include a mounting portion and a water pressure adjustment means for adjusting the water pressure supplied from the water supply means to the mounting portion, and the water pressure adjustment means is configured to include a water supply means, a water injection conduit arranged to connect the water intake of the mounting portion communicating with the circular fluid pressure supply portion and the water supply means, a branch pipe provided midway through this water injection conduit, a drainage conduit connected to the branch of the branch pipe for discharging water branched off from the water injection conduit to the outside, a flow path opening/closing valve provided in the branch path, an opening/closing operating member for the flow path opening/closing valve, and a water pressure gauge provided in the straight path of the branch pipe whose both ends are connected to the water injection conduit.
Further, a method of installing a rock bolt using the rock bolt installation device includes a first step of installing a rear end side of the rock bolt in a cylindrical recess of the installation part by an installation means so that a center line of the rock bolt and a center line of a cylinder of the cylindrical recess coincide with each other, a second step of inserting the rock bolt installed in the cylindrical recess of the installation part into a driving hole formed in the natural ground, and a third step of supplying a predetermined fluid pressure required for expanding the rock bolt via a fluid supply path of an annular fluid pressure supply part to the inside of the rock bolt inserted into the driving hole with the rear end side installed in the installation part, thereby expanding the rock bolt and fixing it in the driving hole, wherein an annular groove formed in a circular shape going around the outer circumferential surface of the rear end side of the rock bolt is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rock bolt, and a water injection hole is formed through the groove bottom of the annular groove and the inner circumferential surface of the rock bolt, and in the first step, the water pressure is adjusted by the water pressure adjustment means so that the rock bolt cannot be expanded in the installation part and the front circular The method is characterized in that the water pressure required to activate the sealing function of the annular sealing means and the rear annular sealing means is supplied to maintain a state in which the front annular sealing means and the outer circumferential surface of the rock bolt located forward of the annular groove of the rock bolt are in close contact with each other, and the rear annular sealing means and the outer circumferential surface of the rock bolt located rearward of the annular groove of the rock bolt are in close contact with each other, so that the rear end side of the rock bolt is attached to the cylindrical recess of the attachment part so that the center line of the rock bolt and the center line of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess coincide with each other, and in the third step, a predetermined water pressure required to expand the rock bolt is supplied to the attachment part by adjusting the water pressure using the water pressure adjusting means, so that the front annular sealing means and the rear annular sealing means are maintained in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the rear end side of the rock bolt, and the rock bolt is expanded by the predetermined water pressure supplied to the inside of the rock bolt through the fluid supply path of the annular fluid pressure supply part, the annular groove of the rock bolt, and the water injection hole, and the rock bolt is fixed in the driving hole.
According to the rock bolt installation method and installation device of the present invention, when a pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt is installed using construction machinery, the center line of the rock bolt and the center line of the cylinder in the cylindrical recess are more likely to be maintained in a coincident state when the rock bolt is inserted into the hole for installation.As a result, when the rock bolt is expanded, the front annular sealing means and the rear annular sealing means can perform the intended normal sealing function, making it possible to efficiently perform the installation work.

A process diagram showing the steps of the rock bolt installation method. 1A is a side view of a rock bolt, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 1C is a diagram showing the expansion change of the steel pipe part of the rock bolt. FIG. FIG. 5A to 5C are diagrams illustrating the operation of the front annular sealing means and the rear annular sealing means. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a force transmission device, in which FIG. 1A is a plan view of the force transmission device, and FIG. FIG. FIG. FIG. 4 is an exploded view showing the intermediate transmission shaft and the swivel. FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which a washer is removably attached to the washer holding means. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a washer holding means and a washer separated from each other.

EMBODIMENT 1
As shown in Figure 1, the rock bolt construction device of embodiment 1 is a device for driving a pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt 2 from a tunnel cavity T into the ground M, and is equipped with a construction machine not shown, a guide 34 provided on the front end side of a boom 32 of the construction machine, a pressing means 3 provided on the guide 34 so as to be movable along the extension direction of the guide 34, an attachment part 50 provided on the front end side of the pressing means 3, and an attachment means 100 for attaching the rear end side of the rock bolt 2 to the attachment part 50.

The entire process of the rock bolt installation method using the above-mentioned rock bolt installation device will now be described.
(1) First, as shown in FIG. 1(a), a hole H is formed for driving a pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt from the tunnel cavity T into the natural ground M.
(2) A pressing means 3 is provided on a guide 34 provided on the front end side of a boom 32 of a construction machine so as to be movable along the extension direction of the guide 34, and an attachment part 50 having a cylindrical recess 51 with an open front end is provided on the front end side of the pressing means 3 (see Figures 1(b), 3 and 4).
(3) The rear end of the lock bolt 2 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51 of the attachment part 50 by the attachment means 100 so that the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 coincides with the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 (see Figs. 1(b) and 5(b)). At this time, as shown in Fig. 1(b), the washer holding means 8 is attached to the front end of the guide 34, and the washer 9 is set to be held in the recess 85 of the washer holding means 8 (see Fig. 11), and then the pressing means 3 is moved to the front end of the guide 34 to pass the lock bolt 2 through the central through hole 90 of the washer 9 from the front end side.
(4) As shown in Figures 1(c) and 1(d), the pressing means 3 is moved toward the front end of the guide 34 to insert the rock bolt 2 into the driving hole H. At this time, the front plate surface 92 of the washer 9 held by the washer holding means 8 is brought close to the wall surface W, and then the rock bolt 2 is advanced while the pressing means 3 is moved forward, thereby inserting the rock bolt 2 into the hole H. Then, when the front plate surface 92 of the washer 9 comes into contact with the wall surface W and it becomes impossible to move the pressing means 3 forward, the insertion of the rock bolt 2 into the hole H is completed.
(5) As shown in FIG. 1(d), after inserting the rock bolt 2 into the driving hole H, a predetermined water pressure is supplied to the inside of the rock bolt 2, whose rear end side is attached to the mounting part 50, via the mounting part 50, causing the rock bolt 2 to expand and thereby fixing the rock bolt 2 in the driving hole H.
(6) After the rock bolt 2 has been fixed in the driving hole H, the pressing means 3 is retracted as shown in FIG. 1( e ), completing the driving operation of the rock bolt 2 .

In this specification, the terms "front" and "back" are defined as the directions shown in the drawings.
1 also illustrates a construction device in which a force transmission device 1, which will be described later, is provided between the pressing means 3 and the attachment portion 50. That is, while Fig. 1 illustrates a construction device in which the attachment portion 50 is provided at the front end of the force transmission device 1 provided at the front end side of the pressing means 3, the construction device according to the present invention may be a construction device in which the attachment portion 50 is provided directly on the front end side of the pressing means 3 without using the force transmission device 1.

First, a pressurized fluid expansion type (steel pipe expansion type friction type) rock bolt 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
The rock bolt 2 is tubular and is configured to be fixed in the driving hole H by supplying a predetermined fluid pressure to the inside of the tube to cause it to expand.
As shown in Figure 2 (a), the rock bolt 2 is configured, for example, to include a steel pipe section 20, a front end sealing section 21 that seals the front end side of the steel pipe section 20, and a rear end sealing section 22 that seals the rear end side of the steel pipe section 20.

The steel pipe portion 20 has a surface plated with an alloy layer of hot-dip zinc, aluminum and magnesium, for example, and is formed into a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 2(b).
That is, in the initial state before expansion deformation, the steel pipe section 20 is composed of a deformed steel pipe formed by deforming both ends (both radial ends of the pipe) of a flat cross-section of a steel pipe material having a flat cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction of the pipe so that the cross-sectional outer shape is close to circular, as shown in Figures 2 (b) and (c), and is configured so that when water pressure (fluid pressure) is applied within the deformed steel pipe, it expands and deforms into a circular steel pipe.

The front end sealing portion 21 includes a front end sealing sleeve 23 that covers the outer periphery of the front end side of the steel pipe portion 20 and seals the front end opening of the steel pipe portion 20, and a conical front end cone 24 provided at the front end of the front end sealing sleeve 23. The front end cone 24 is provided integrally with the front end sealing sleeve 23 or separately. The front end sealing portion 21 may be configured not to include the front end cone 24.

The rear end sealing section 22 comprises a small diameter sleeve 25 that covers the outer periphery of the rear end side of the steel pipe section 20, and a water injection sleeve 26 that covers the outer periphery of the rear end side of the steel pipe section 20 and seals the rear end opening of the steel pipe section 20.
The water injection sleeve 26, which forms the rear end side of the lock bolt 2, is provided further rearward than the small diameter sleeve 25, and has an outer diameter larger than that of the small diameter sleeve 25. An annular groove 27 is formed in the outer peripheral surface on the central side in the direction along the center line of the sleeve, and is formed in a circular shape that goes around the outer peripheral surface. A water injection hole 28 is provided that penetrates from the bottom of the annular groove 27 to the inner surface of the water injection sleeve 26, and penetrates from the outer surface to the inner surface of the steel pipe section 20 located inside the water injection sleeve 26.
That is, an annular groove 27 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end side of the lock bolt 2, and is formed in a circular shape that goes around the outer peripheral surface, and a water injection hole 28 is formed that penetrates from the bottom of the annular groove 27 to the inner peripheral surface of the lock bolt 2.

That is, the steel pipe section 20 is configured so that it expands from a deformed steel pipe shape to a circular steel pipe shape, as shown in Figure 2 (c), due to the pressure of water injected into the inside of the steel pipe section 20 through the mounting section 50, the annular groove 27, and the water injection hole 28 described below.
In addition, the front end sealing portion 21 and the rear end sealing portion 22 are formed from a material (e.g., synthetic resin, etc.) that is not deformed by the water pressure that deforms the steel pipe portion 20 from a deformed steel pipe shape to a circular steel pipe shape.

Next, the mounting portion 50 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the attachment portion 50 is formed of, for example, a cylindrical member called a water injection head, which has a cylindrical recess 51 with an open front end.
As shown in FIG. 4, the mounting portion 50 has a front end portion of a cylindrical member that functions as a cylindrical recess 51, and the cylindrical recess 51 is provided with a water injection mechanism (fluid pressure supply mechanism) 52 on an inner surface 51a of the cylinder.
In other words, the mounting portion 50 has a cylindrical recess 51 at its front end into which the water injection sleeve 26 located at the rear end of the lock bolt 2 is removably attached, and the cylindrical recess 51 has a water injection mechanism 52, and is a member for injecting water supplied from a water supply means such as a water injection pump (not shown) into the inside of the lock bolt 2 attached to the cylindrical recess 51 via the water injection mechanism 52.

The cylindrical recess 51 is a cylindrical recess that extends in the front-to-rear direction and has a front end opening formed in a lock bolt insertion/removal port, and is provided with a water injection mechanism 52 on an inner circumferential surface 51 a on the front end side of the cylindrical recess 51 .
The diameter of the circle that forms the inner circumferential surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51 is set to a size that corresponds to the diameter of the circle that forms the outer circumferential surface of the water injection sleeve 26 that is located on the rear end side of the lock bolt 2. In other words, the diameter of the circle that forms the inner circumferential surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51 is set to a size that is slightly larger than the diameter of the circle that forms the outer circumferential surface of the water injection sleeve 26.
In other words, when the water injection sleeve 26 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51, it is attached in a loose fit state, and after attachment, the mounting means 100 activates the sealing functions of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 described below, so that the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 are attached in a state in which they are in close contact with the outer circumferential surface 26f of the water injection sleeve 26.

The water injection mechanism 52 is composed of an annular groove 53 having a groove bottom circumferential surface 53a formed with a diameter dimension larger than the diameter dimension of the inner circumference of the cylindrical recess 51, and annular sealing means and annular water pressure supply unit (annular fluid pressure supply unit) 54 installed within the annular groove 53.
That is, the circle forming the groove bottom circumferential surface 53a of the annular groove 53 and the circle forming the inner circumferential surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51 are formed by concentric circles. In other words, the groove bottom circumferential surface 53a of the annular groove 53 and the center line 51C of the inner circumferential surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 52 are formed so as to coincide with each other.

4, the annular sealing means is composed of a front annular sealing means 55 and a rear annular sealing means 56. The front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 are composed of annular packings made of, for example, rubber, silicone, or the like.
That is, a front annular sealing means 55 is provided at the front side of the annular groove 53, and a rear annular sealing means 56 is provided at the rear side of the annular groove 53, and the annular water pressure supply section 54 is provided in a state sandwiched between the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56.
In other words, the front annular sealing means 55 is disposed so that the annular front surface of the front annular sealing means 55 and the front wall 53 f of the annular groove 53 are in close contact with each other.
In addition, the rear annular sealing means 56 is disposed so that the annular rear surface of the rear annular sealing means 56 and the rear wall 53r of the annular groove 53 are in close contact with each other.
In addition, the annular water pressure supply section 54 is installed so that the annular front surface of the annular water pressure supply section 54 and the annular rear surface of the front annular sealing means 55 are in close contact with each other, and so that the annular front surface of the annular water pressure supply section 54 and the annular rear surface of the front annular sealing means 55 are in close contact with each other.
That is, the water injection mechanism 52 is configured such that the front annular sealing means 55, the annular water pressure supply section 54 and the rear annular sealing means 56 are arranged in the fore-and-aft direction within the annular groove 53, and are installed so that the front annular sealing means 55 and the annular water pressure supply section 54 are in close contact with each other and also so that the annular water pressure supply section 54 and the rear annular sealing means 56 are in close contact with each other.

The annular water pressure supply unit 54 is, for example, formed of a metallic annular member, and as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of water supply passages (fluid supply passages) 54a are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the annular member, penetrating the outer and inner peripheral surfaces of the annular member.

In other words, the water injection mechanism 52 is configured to include a front annular sealing means 55 and a rear annular sealing means 56 that are spaced apart from each other on the front and rear of the inner circumferential surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51, and an annular water pressure supply unit 54 that is disposed between the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 and has a water supply passage 54a for supplying a predetermined water pressure (fluid pressure) required to expand the lock bolt 2 to the inside of the lock bolt 2.

The diameter of the circle forming the outer peripheral surfaces of the front annular sealing means 55, the annular water pressure supply section 54, and the rear annular sealing means 56 is smaller than the diameter of the circle forming the groove bottom circumferential surface 53a of the annular groove 53.
When water pressure is not supplied to the outer peripheral surfaces of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56, the diameter of the circles forming the inner peripheral surfaces of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 is maintained larger than the diameter of the circle forming the inner peripheral surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51, and the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 are arranged so that their inner peripheral surfaces do not protrude inward beyond the inner peripheral surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51.
In addition, the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 are configured to have a predetermined sealing function (sealing function) in which, when a constant water pressure is supplied to the outer circumferential surface, the inner circumferential surface reduces in diameter and the reduced-diameter inner circumferential surface comes into close contact with the outer circumferential surface 26f of the water injection sleeve 26 of the lock bolt 2 inserted into the cylindrical recess 51.
In addition, the diameter dimension of the circle forming the inner surface of the annular water pressure supply section 54 is formed to be larger than the diameter dimension of the circle forming the inner surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51, and the annular water pressure supply section 54 is arranged so that its inner surface does not protrude inward beyond the inner surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51.

A stopper 57 is provided at a position rearward of the annular groove 53 in the cylindrical recess 51, with which the rear end surface 26e (see FIG. 2A) of the water injection sleeve 26 of the lock bolt 2 inserted into the cylindrical recess 51 comes into contact. The stopper 57 is formed by, for example, the shaft of a bolt 48 (see FIG. 3) that is provided so as to pass through the attachment portion 50 perpendicular to the center line 51C of the cylindrical recess 51.
In other words, the cylindrical recess 51 is a cylindrical recess with a front end opening, in which the bottom of the recess is formed by the stopper 57, which is formed by a combination of the inner circumferential surface 51a and the stopper 57. The stopper 57 may be formed by the bottom wall of the recess.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the rear end of the mounting portion 50 is provided with a water intake port 50a to which the end of, for example, a water injection hose that constitutes the water injection passage 201 described below is connected, and a communication passage 58 is formed inside the mounting portion 50, which communicates with the water intake port 50a and the groove bottom circumferential surface 53a of the annular groove 53.

Next, the mounting means 100 will be described.
The mounting means 100 is a means for mounting the water injection sleeve 26 portion at the rear end side of the lock bolt 2 to the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting part 50 so that the center line of the lock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 coincide with each other, as shown in Figure 5 (b).

As shown in FIG. 3, the mounting means 100 is configured to include the above-mentioned mounting portion 50, and water pressure adjusting means 200 that adjusts the water pressure supplied to the mounting portion 50 from water supply means such as a water injection pump (not shown).
For example, as shown in FIG. 3 , the water pressure adjustment means 200 is composed of a water supply means, a water inlet 50a of the mounting part 50 which is connected to the annular water pressure supply part 54 via a communication passage 58, a T-shaped branch pipe 202 provided midway through the water inlet 201, a drainage passage 204 which is connected to a branch passage 203 of the branch pipe 202 and is used to drain water branched off from the water inlet 201 to the outside, a flow path opening/closing valve 205 provided in the branch passage 203, an opening/closing operating member 206 such as an opening/closing operating lever for the flow path opening/closing valve 205, and a water pressure gauge 208 provided in a straight passage 207 which is a straight pipe portion of the branch pipe 202 whose both ends are connected to the water inlet 201.

The construction machine is a face drilling machine having a boom, such as a drill jumbo (registered trademark).
In addition, the face drilling machine is provided with, for example, multiple booms, and a drilling device 4 is provided on the front end side of at least one boom 31, and a rock bolt mounting device 5 is provided on the front end side of at least one boom 32.
Incidentally, the boom refers to a rod-shaped structure having functions of rising, falling, extending, rotating, etc., by means of an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder.
A guide cell 33 is provided on the front end side of the booms 31, 32. For example, the guide cell 33 has a guide 34 and a carriage 35 that is slidable along the guide 34.

As the pressing means 3, for example, a rock drill (drifter) may be used.
The pressing means 3 is fixed on a carriage 35, and the carriage 35 and the pressing means 3 are configured to be able to reciprocate on a guide 34 by driving a carriage drive mechanism (not shown).
The pressing means 3 may be any means capable of applying a pressing force to the mounting portion 50 and the lock bolt 2 .

As shown in FIG. 1( a ), the hole-drilling device 4 is configured to include at least a pressing means 3 and a hole-drilling rod 36 connected to the front end side of the shank rod 30 of the pressing means 3 .
As shown in FIG. 1(b), the lock bolt mounting device is at least configured to include a pressing means 3, a mounting means 100 (a mounting portion 50 provided on the front end side of the pressing means 3 + a water pressure adjustment means 200), and a washer retaining means 8.

The booms 31, 32 are devices that move the drilling rod 36 and the mounting part 50 to a desired position and maintain them in a desired posture.
That is, the boom 31 is driven to move the drilling device 4 to the desired position and maintain it in the desired position, and then the pressing means 3 is moved toward the wall surface W of the tunnel cavity T to move the rock drilling bit 37 provided at the front end of the drilling rod 36 to the drilling position. Then, as shown in Fig. 1(a), the carriage drive mechanism is driven while the pressing means 3 is driven to apply a rotational force and an impact force to the drilling rod 36 and press the drilling rod 36, thereby drilling a driving hole H for inserting a rock bolt 2 from the wall surface W toward the natural ground M.
In addition, after the rear end side of the lock bolt 2 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting part 50 provided on the front end side of the shank rod 30 of the pressing means 3 directly or via the force transmission device 1, the boom 32 is driven to move the mounting part 5 to the desired position (see Figure 1 (b)).
Thereafter, the pressing means 3 is moved forward in a direction approaching the hole H to insert the lock bolt 2 into the hole H (see FIGS. 1(c) and 1(d)). It is preferable not to apply a rotational force or a striking force to the lock bolt 2 when inserting the lock bolt 2 into the hole H. However, if there is a large resistance when inserting the lock bolt 2 into the hole H, the lock bolt 2 may be inserted into the hole H while striking or rotating the lock bolt 2 with the pressing means 3, as necessary.

Furthermore, when the force transmission device 1 is not used, the connecting means (not shown) connected to the shank rod 30 on the front end side of the pressing means 3 and the mounting portion 50 can be connected by the above-mentioned bolt 48 or the like to form a construction device in which the mounting portion 50 is provided on the front end side of the pressing means 3.
Furthermore, when using the force transmission device 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the force transmission device 1 is connected to the front end side of the shank rod 30 on the front end side of the pressing means 3 via a connecting means not shown, and as shown in FIG. 6, a connecting member 49 provided at the front end of the force transmission device 1 and an attachment portion 50 are connected by the above-mentioned bolt 48 or the like, thereby forming a construction device in which the attachment portion 50 is provided on the front end side of the pressing means 3 via the force transmission device 1.

When the force transmission device 1 is not used, the end of the water injection channel 201 is connected to the water intake port 50a of the attachment portion 50 as shown in FIG.
In addition, when the force transmission device 1 is used, the end of the water inlet channel 201 is connected to a water intake port 41 provided on the swivel 40 described later (see Figure 1), and the end of the water channel pipe 45 described later is connected to the water intake port 50a of the mounting part 50 (see Figures 6 and 9).
That is, the construction device of the embodiment is configured so that after the water injection sleeve 26 of the lock bolt 2 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51, the water pressure adjustment means 200 is operated so that water from the water supply means passes through the water injection passage 201 and the connecting passage 58, or passes through the water injection passage 201, the swivel 40, the annular groove 42 described below, the water guide port 43, the water channel pipe 45 and the connecting passage 58 to reach the outer peripheral surface of the annular water pressure supply section 54, and further to the outer peripheral surfaces of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56.

A rock bolt installation method using the above-mentioned rock bolt installation device will now be described.
The construction method includes at least the following steps.
(1) A first step of attaching the rear end side of the lock bolt 2 to the cylindrical recess 51 of the attachment portion 50 using the attachment means 100 so that the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 coincides with the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51.
(2) A second step of inserting the rock bolt 2 attached to the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting portion 50 into a driving hole H formed in the ground M.
(3) A third step in which a predetermined water pressure required to expand the rock bolt 2 is supplied to the annular water pressure supply unit 54 via the water supply passage 54a to the inside of the rock bolt inserted into the driving hole H with its rear end attached to the mounting portion 50, thereby expanding the rock bolt 2 and fixing it in the driving hole H.

In the mounted state where the water injection sleeve 26 of the lock bolt 2 is inserted into the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting part 50 and the rear end face 26e of the water injection sleeve 26 is in contact with the stopper 57, as shown in Figure 6, the front end side of the water injection sleeve 26 protrudes slightly forward beyond the front end face 50f of the mounting part 50, and as shown in Figure 5 (a), the annular groove 27 formed on the outer peripheral surface 26f of the water injection sleeve 26 is positioned inside the annular water pressure supply part 54.
In other words, the rear end of the lock bolt 2 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting portion 50 so that the annular groove 27 on the rear end of the lock bolt 2 is positioned rearward of the front annular sealing means 55 and forward of the rear annular sealing means 56.

In this manner, when the rear end side of the lock bolt 2 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51 of the attachment part 50 and water is not being poured into the attachment part 50, as shown in Fig. 5(a), the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 attached to the cylindrical recess 51 of the attachment part 50 does not coincide with the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51, and the outer peripheral surface 26f of the water injection sleeve 26 of the lock bolt 2 is not in close contact with the inner peripheral surfaces of the front annular sealing means 55, the annular water pressure supply part 54, and the rear annular sealing means 56, and the inner peripheral surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51. In other words, some gaps are generated between the outer peripheral surface 26f of the water injection sleeve 26 of the lock bolt 2 and the inner peripheral surfaces of the front annular sealing means 55, the rear annular sealing means 56, and the inner peripheral surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51.
Therefore, as described above, when the rear end side of the rock bolt 2 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting portion 50 and the rock bolt 2 is moved to be inserted into the hole H for concrete pouring, the rock bolt 2 is likely to swing, so that the center line 2C of the rock bolt 2 is likely to be inclined with respect to the center line 51C of the cylindrical recess 51 when the rock bolt 2 is inserted into the hole H for concrete pouring. In this way, if the water pouring work for expanding the rock bolt 2 is started with the center line 2C of the rock bolt 2 inclined with respect to the center line 51C of the cylindrical recess 51, the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 cannot perform the expected normal sealing function, and it becomes difficult to supply the predetermined water pressure required to expand the rock bolt 2 to the inside of the rock bolt 2. For this reason, the rock bolt cannot be expanded, or it takes too much time (water pouring time) for the rock bolt to expand and be fixed in the hole for concrete pouring, so that the concrete pouring work cannot be performed efficiently.

Therefore, in embodiment 1, using a construction device equipped with the above-mentioned mounting means 100, the rear end side of the lock bolt 2 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting portion 50, and then the water pressure adjustment means 200 is operated to supply a constant water pressure to the outer peripheral surfaces of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56. As shown in Figure 5 (b), this brings the inner peripheral surfaces of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 into close contact with the outer peripheral surface 26f of the water injection sleeve 26 of the lock bolt 2. As a result, the rear end side of the lock bolt 2 is mounted in the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting portion 50 so that the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 and the center line 51a of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 coincide with each other.
That is, after the rear end side of the lock bolt 2 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting part 50, in the first step described above, the water pressure adjusting means 200 is operated to supply a certain water pressure to the annular groove 53 of the mounting part 50, which can cause the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 to exhibit their sealing functions but cannot expand the lock bolt 2. In this way, the inner circumferential surfaces of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 are in close contact with the outer circumferential surface 26f of the water injection sleeve 26 of the lock bolt 2, and the rear end side of the lock bolt 2 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting part 50 so that the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 coincide with each other.
In this case, the sealing function of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 maintains the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 in alignment.
Therefore, in the second step, when the rock bolt 2 is moved to be inserted into the hole H for driving, the rock bolt 2 is less likely to swing, and when the rock bolt 2 is inserted into the hole H for driving, the center line 2C of the rock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 are more likely to be maintained in a coincident state.
Therefore, after the rock bolt 2 has been inserted into the hole H for driving, in the third step, when the water pressure adjustment means 200 is operated to supply a predetermined water pressure required to expand the rock bolt 2 to the inside of the rock bolt 2 via the annular water pressure supply unit 54, the predetermined water pressure is supplied to the inside of the rock bolt 2 while the sealing functions of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 are maintained normally, so that the rock bolt 2 can be expanded within a predetermined water injection time and the rock bolt 2 can be fixed in the hole H for driving, thereby making it possible to efficiently carry out the driving operation.

That is, when a certain water pressure is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the front annular sealing means 55 and the outer peripheral surface of the rear annular sealing means 56 in the first step, the inner peripheral surface of the front annular sealing means 55 and the inner peripheral surface of the rear annular sealing means 56 are in close contact with the outer peripheral surface 26f located on the front and rear sides of the annular groove 27 of the water injection sleeve 26. In other words, the lock bolt 2 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51 in a state where the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 coincide with each other, and the state where the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 coincide with each other is maintained by the sealing function of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56.

Further, a more specific explanation will be given.
The water pressure adjusting means 200 is a means for supplying a constant water pressure X required for normal operation of a specified sealing function (sealing function) provided by the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 to the outer circumferential surfaces of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56.
For example, if the constant water pressure X is 10 MPa, the worker operates the opening/closing operating member 206 to supply a water pressure of 10 MPa to the mounting part 50 so that the meter 209 of the water pressure gauge 208 indicates 10 MPa, whereby the specified sealing function by the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 is normally realized, the rear end side of the lock bolt 2 is attached to the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting part 50 so that the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 coincide with each other, and the posture of the lock bolt 2 is maintained.
Furthermore, when the rock bolt 2 is inserted into the driving hole H while maintaining the posture of the rock bolt 2 so that the center line 2C of the rock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 coincide with each other, the center line 2C of the rock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 tend to remain aligned when the rock bolt 2 is inserted into the hole H for driving.
Thereafter, water at a predetermined water pressure Y required to expand the rock bolt 2 is supplied to the inside of the rock bolt 2 via the mounting portion 50, thereby expanding the rock bolt 2 and fixing the rock bolt 2 to the ground M.
For example, when the predetermined water pressure Y is 25 MPa, an operator operates the opening/closing operation lever 206 so that the meter 209 of the water pressure gauge 208 indicates 25 MPa, thereby supplying a water pressure of 25 MPa to the mounting part 50. With the predetermined sealing function of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 being normally realized, a water pressure of 25 MPa is supplied into the steel pipe part 20 of the rock bolt 2 via the water supply passage 54a formed in the annular water pressure supply part 54, the annular groove 27 of the rock bolt 2, and the water injection hole 28. Therefore, the steel pipe part 20 expands and deforms from a deformed steel pipe shape to a circular steel pipe shape due to the water pressure, and is fixed to the inner wall of the hole H.
In this case, the sealing functions of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 are maintained normally, and a predetermined water pressure Y is easily supplied to the inside of the rock bolt 2. Therefore, the rock bolt 2 can be expanded in a predetermined water injection time, and the rock bolt 2 can be fixed in the driving hole H, making it possible to efficiently carry out the driving work.

That is, in the first step, the water pressure adjustment by the water pressure adjustment means 200 supplies a constant water pressure to the mounting part 50 without expanding the lock bolt 2 and required to activate the sealing functions of the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56, so that the front annular sealing means 55 and the outer circumferential surface 26f of the lock bolt 2 located forward of the annular groove 27 of the lock bolt 2 are kept in close contact with each other as shown in Fig. 5(b), and the rear annular sealing means 56 and the outer circumferential surface 26f of the lock bolt 2 located rearward of the annular groove 27 of the lock bolt 2 are kept in close contact with each other. As a result, the rear end side of the lock bolt 2 is mounted in the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting part 50 so that the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 coincide with each other.
In the third step, the water pressure is adjusted by the water pressure adjusting means 200, and a predetermined water pressure required to expand the rock bolt 2 is supplied to the mounting portion 50, thereby maintaining the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 in a state of tight contact with the outer peripheral surface 26f of the rear end side of the rock bolt 2.The rock bolt 2 is then expanded by the predetermined water pressure supplied to the inside of the rock bolt 2 via the water supply passage 54a of the annular water pressure supply portion 54, the annular groove 27 of the rock bolt 2, and the water injection hole 28, thereby fixing the rock bolt 2 in the driving hole H.

According to the rock bolt installation device and installation method of embodiment 1, when a construction machine is used to drive a pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt 2, the center line 2C of the rock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 are likely to be maintained in a coincident state when the rock bolt 2 is inserted into the hole H for driving. Therefore, when the rock bolt 2 is expanded, the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56 can be caused to perform the intended normal sealing function, making it possible to efficiently carry out the driving operation.
In other words, when the rock bolt 2 is inserted into the hole H for casting, there is a high possibility that the center line 2C of the rock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 will coincide, so it is possible to supply a predetermined water pressure to the inside of the rock bolt 2 while the predetermined sealing function is normally achieved by the front annular sealing means 55 and the rear annular sealing means 56.After inserting the rock bolt 2 into the hole H for casting, it is possible to expand the rock bolt 2 in a predetermined water injection operation time, so that the casting operation of the rock bolt 2 can be carried out efficiently.

Next, the washer holding means 8 will be described.
In the case of a pressurized fluid expansion type (steel pipe expansion friction type) rock bolt 2, a washer 9 for supporting the wall surface W of the tunnel cavity T is provided at the rear end of the rock bolt 2 which is inserted into the hole H and fixed therein.
That is, as shown in FIG. 1B, a washer holding means 8 is provided on the front end side of the guide 34, and the washer 9 described above is releasably held by the washer holding means 8.

As shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, the washer holding means 8 includes a washer holding frame 80 and an attachment portion 81 for the guide 34.
The washer retaining frame 80 includes a frame plate portion 82 and a rear plate portion 83 .
The frame plate portion 82 is formed, for example, by a frame-shaped plate having a rectangular frame body whose center line extends in the front-rear direction and in which the center of the upper frame portion is cut away to open it.
The rear plate portion 83 extends from the rear end edge of the frame plate portion 82 toward the inside of the frame of the frame plate portion 82, and is formed of a plate having a circular central through hole 84 that is open at the top in the center.
The inner surface of the frame of the frame plate portion 82 and the front plate surface of the rear plate portion 83 are formed on planes that are perpendicular to each other.
The washer 9 is releasably held within a recess 85 defined by the inner surface of the frame of the frame plate portion 82 and the front plate surface of the rear plate portion 83 .
For example, magnets 86 are attached to the front plate surface of the rear plate portion 83 , which forms the bottom surface of the recess 85 , at positions near the four corners thereof, as a means for holding the washer 9 in the washer holding means 8 .
The inner diameter of the frame of the frame plate portion 82 is formed to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rectangular plate that forms the washer 9, for example.
Then, washer 9 is stored in recess 85 with the rear plate surface 91 of washer 9 facing the front plate surface of the rear plate portion 83 that forms the bottom surface of recess 85, and the rear plate surface 91 of washer 9 is attracted to the magnets 86, 86..., thereby releasably holding washer 9 within recess 85.
The washer holding means 8 is fixed to the guide 34 by fixing the mounting portion 81 to the guide 34 with a fixing means 87 such as a bolt.

Therefore, with the lock bolt 2 passing through the central through hole 90 of the washer 9 held in the recess 85 of the washer holding means 8 (see FIG. 1(b)), the lock bolt 2 is moved to the casting position on the wall surface W, and then inserted into the hole H. The washer 9 held by the washer holding means 8 functions as a means for preventing axial misalignment of the rock bolt 2 (a centralizer), making it easy to insert the rock bolt 2 into the hole H.

The diameter of the central through hole 90 of the washer 9 is formed to correspond to the outer diameter of the small diameter sleeve 25 of the lock bolt 2 .
Therefore, when the insertion of the lock bolt 2 into the hole H is complete, the inner surface of the central through hole 90 of the washer 9 and the outer surface of the small diameter sleeve 25 are in close proximity, so that the washer 9 is positioned on the outer surface of the small diameter sleeve 25 and the rear plate surface 91 of the washer 9 and the front end surface 29 of the water injection sleeve 26 (the step surface that forms the boundary between the outer surface of the small diameter sleeve 25 and the outer surface of the water injection sleeve 26 (see Figure 2 (a))) are in close proximity.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1( e ), the boom 32 is operated to move the lock bolt installing device 5 in a direction away from the hole H.
As a result, the mounting portion 50 of the force transmission device 1 is detached from the water injection sleeve 26. Furthermore, when the washer holding means 8 moves in a direction away from the hole H, the washer 9 is detached from the magnets 86, 86 ... of the washer holding means 8 and is caught (engaged) on the front end surface 29 of the water injection sleeve 26, so that the washer 9 for supporting the wall surface W of the tunnel cavity T is attached to the rear end of the lock bolt 2.

When the above-mentioned washer retaining means 8 is provided, by passing the lock bolt 2 through the central through hole 90 of the washer 9 held in the recess 85 of the washer retaining means 8, the washer 9 held by the washer retaining means 8 can function as a means for preventing axial misalignment of the lock bolt 2, making it easier to insert the lock bolt 2 into the hole H.
In other words, when a construction device equipped with a washer holding means 8 is used, a washer 9 can be used that has a central through hole 90 formed with a diameter dimension approximately the same as the diameter dimension of the lock bolt 2, in other words, a central through hole 90 formed with a diameter dimension slightly larger than the diameter dimension of the lock bolt 2, and by passing the front end side of the lock bolt 2 through the central through hole 90 of the washer 9 held by the washer holding means 8, the lock bolt 2 is less likely to become misaligned axially.
Therefore, it becomes easier to align the axis of the rock bolt 2 with the radial center of the driving hole H, making it possible to carry out the driving operation smoothly and accurately.
In particular, the pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt 2 can be smoothly and accurately driven into the driving hole H without deformation, and the pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt 2 can be expanded normally, so that the driving operation of the pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt 2 can be performed smoothly and accurately.
On the other hand, if a configuration equivalent to the washer retaining means 8 is not provided, it is difficult to perform the driving of the rock bolt smoothly and accurately.

In addition, if there is no configuration equivalent to the washer holding means 8, there is a risk that the washer will fall from the front end of the rock bolt when the boom is moved. However, when a construction device equipped with the washer holding means 8 is used as in embodiment 1, the washer 9 is held by the washer holding means 8 when the boom 32 is moved to position the installation of the rock bolt 2, preventing the washer 9 from accidentally falling.

In addition, when a construction device equipped with a washer holding means 8 is used, the washer holding means 8 for holding the washer 9 attached to the rear end of the rock bolt 2 is installed on the front end side of the guide 34, and the boom 32 can be driven to bring the washer 9 held by the washer holding means 8 close to the wall surface W surrounding the casting hole H, and after the rock bolt 2 is cast, the boom 32 is driven to move the washer holding means 8 in a direction away from the wall surface W, thereby detaching the washer 9 from the washer holding means 8.
Therefore, when the washer 9 formed of the above-mentioned rectangular plate is used as the washer 9, the washer 9 is attached to the rear end of the rock bolt 2 in the same position as when it was held by the washer holding means 8 after the rock bolt 2 is driven. Therefore, the edges of the washers 9, 9... attached to the rock bolts 2, 2... can be unified so that they extend horizontally and vertically. In other words, the washers 9, 9... formed of rectangular plates can be attached to the rear end of the rock bolts 2, 2... so that the edges of the washers 9, 9... are aligned horizontally and vertically, so that a construction wall surface can be constructed in which the edges of the washers 9, 9... installed on the wall surface W after the rock bolts are driven are neatly aligned horizontally and vertically.
On the other hand, if there is no configuration equivalent to the washer holding means 8, when a washer formed from a square-shaped plate is used, the washer will be more likely to rotate around the axis of the rock bolt as the center of rotation, increasing the possibility that the edges of each washer installed on the wall surface after the rock bolt is cast will not be aligned horizontally or vertically.

In other words, when using a construction device equipped with a washer holding means 8, the installation work of the rock bolts 2 can be performed smoothly and accurately, the accidental dropping of the washers 9 can be prevented, and the arrangement of the washers 9, 9... installed on the wall surface W after the installation of each rock bolt 2, 2... can be neatly aligned.

Next, a construction device in which the force transmission device 1 is provided between the pressing means 3 and the mounting portion 50 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 6 , the force transmission device 1 is configured to include a rear transmission shaft 11, an intermediate transmission shaft 12, a front transmission shaft 13, a rear connecting means 15 that connects the front end of the rear transmission shaft 11 to the rear end of the intermediate transmission shaft 12, a front connecting means 16 that connects the front end of the intermediate transmission shaft 12 to the rear end of the front transmission shaft 13, and a swivel 40.

The rear connecting means 15 and the front connecting means 16 each include a sliding mechanism 6 and a limiting mechanism 7.

As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the sliding mechanism 6 is composed of a spherical surface 63 formed on one end of a transmission shaft 61, one of the transmission shafts arranged in the front and rear, and a spherical seat 64, which is a recess formed on one end of the other transmission shaft 62, one of the transmission shafts arranged in the front and rear, and comes into contact with the spherical surface 63. The spherical surface 63 and the spherical seat 64 are configured to come into contact with each other and slide.
That is, the sliding mechanism 6 is configured by a spherical sliding mechanism in which a spherical surface 63 provided at one end of one transmission shaft 61 and a spherical seat 64 provided at one end of the other transmission shaft 62 slide on each other.
7 and 8, the case where one transmission shaft 61 is the front transmission shaft 13 and the other transmission shaft 62 is the intermediate transmission shaft 12, that is, the front connecting means 16, is illustrated.

The spherical surface 63 is configured as a hemispherical spherical surface formed to protrude from a plate surface (rear plate surface) 65a of a plate portion 65 provided at one end of one transmission shaft 61 (for example, the rear end of the front transmission shaft 13).
The spherical seat 64 is formed so as to be recessed from a plate surface (front plate surface) 66 a of a plate portion 66 provided at one end of the other transmission shaft 62 (e.g., the front end portion of the intermediate transmission shaft 12) and is configured by a hemispherical concave surface that is in full contact with the spherical surface 63.
The plate portions 65 and 66 are formed, for example, of circular plate portions having circular plate surfaces.

That is, the plate surface 65a of the plate portion 65 is positioned on a plane perpendicular to the center line 61C of one of the transmission shafts 61, and the spherical surface 63 is composed of a hemispherical spherical surface formed to protrude from the plate surface 65a, and is configured so that the center of the spherical surface 63 is positioned on the center line 61C of one of the transmission shafts 61.
In addition, the plate surface 66a of the plate portion 66 is positioned on a plane perpendicular to the center line 62C of the other transmission shaft 62, and the spherical seat 64 is configured by a hemispherical concave surface formed to be recessed from the plate surface 66a, and is configured so that the center of the spherical seat 64 is positioned on the center line 62C of the other transmission shaft 62.

The limiting mechanism 7 is configured as follows.
First, as shown in FIG. 8 , with the center line 61C of one transmission shaft 61 and the center line 62C of the other transmission shaft 62 aligned and with the spherical surface 63 in contact with the spherical seat 64, the plate surface 65a of the plate portion 65 of one transmission shaft 61 and the plate surface 66a of the plate portion 66 of the other transmission shaft 62 are configured to face each other in parallel with a predetermined distance S therebetween.

Further, on the peripheral side of the plate surface 65a of one plate portion 65, bolt through holes (not shown) that penetrate the plate portion 65 are formed at four locations spaced 90° apart in the circumferential direction centered on the center line 61C of one transmission shaft 61. Similarly, bolt through holes (not shown) are formed in the other plate portion 66.
Then, for example, the shank of the bolt 70 is passed through the bolt hole of one plate portion 65 and the bolt hole of the other plate portion 66, and then the shank of the bolt 70 is passed through the spring hollow portion of the compression coil spring 72, and then a nut 73 is tightened from the front end side of the shank of the bolt 70, thereby configuring the compression coil spring 72 to be attached between the other plate portion 66 and the nut 73.

Since the limiting mechanism 7 is provided, when the intersection angle α between the center line 61C of one transmission shaft 61 and the center line 62C of the other transmission shaft 62 becomes a predetermined angle, the peripheral edge 65b of the plate surface (rear plate surface) 65a of one plate portion 65 comes into contact with the plate surface (front plate surface) 66a of the other plate portion 66, thereby limiting the intersection angle α so that it does not become larger than the predetermined angle, as shown in FIG.
That is, a limiting mechanism 7 is provided that limits the sliding range of the sliding mechanism 6 so that the intersection angle α between the center line 61C of one transmission shaft 61 and the center line 62C of the other transmission shaft 62 does not exceed a predetermined angle.
The limiting mechanism 7 is configured so that the intersection angle α does not exceed a predetermined angle of, for example, 5°.

In other words, the limiting mechanism 7 is configured such that, when the spherical surface 63 and the spherical seat 64 are in contact with each other, the plate surface (rear plate surface) 65a of the plate portion 65 of one transmission shaft 61 and the plate surface (front plate surface) 66a of the plate portion 66 of the other transmission shaft 62 face each other in parallel at a predetermined distance S (see FIG. 8), and when the intersection angle α between the center line 61C of one transmission shaft 61 and the center line 62C of the other transmission shaft 62 becomes a predetermined angle, the periphery 65b of the plate surface 65a of one plate portion 65 comes into contact with the plate surface 66a of the other plate portion 66, thereby limiting the intersection angle α so that it does not become larger than the predetermined angle.

Although detailed illustration of the rear connecting means 15 is omitted, the rear connecting means 15 is configured in the same manner as the front connecting means 16 described above.
In addition, since the rear connecting means 15 and the front connecting means 16 are configured to have compression coil springs 72 attached thereto, the configuration has excellent recovery performance from a bent state in which the center line 61C of one transmission shaft 61 and the center line 62C of the other transmission shaft 62 intersect.

In the case of a construction device provided with the force transmission device 1, as shown in Fig. 6, the above-mentioned mounting portion 50 to which the rear end of the pressurized fluid expansion type lock bolt 2 is attached is provided at the front end of the front transmission shaft 13. In other words, the construction device is one in which the front end of the front transmission shaft 13 and the mounting portion 50 are connected by a connecting member 49 and a bolt.
Further, a connecting portion 18 such as a screw portion for connecting with a front end portion of a shank rod 30 of the pressing means 3 is provided on the rear end portion of the rear transmission shaft 11 .
In other words, the water injection sleeve 26, which is the rear end of the lock bolt 2, is attached within the mounting part 50, the rear end of the front transmission shaft 13 and the front end of the intermediate transmission shaft 12 are connected by a front connecting means 16 having a sliding mechanism 6 and a limiting mechanism 7, the rear end of the intermediate transmission shaft 12 and the front end of the rear transmission shaft 11 are connected by a rear connecting means 15 having a sliding mechanism 6 and a limiting mechanism 7, and a connecting part 18 such as a threaded portion formed at the rear end of the rear transmission shaft 11 and a connecting part not shown in the figure such as a threaded portion formed at the front end of the shank rod 30 of the pressing means 3 are connected via a connecting means not shown, so that a force (pressing force, rotational force, etc.) from the pressing means 3 is transmitted to the mounting part 50 and the lock bolt 2 via the force transmission device 1.
Therefore, according to the above-mentioned force transmission device 1, since it is equipped with the sliding mechanism 6, the force from the pressing means 3 is easily transmitted to the lock bolt 2, thereby improving the work efficiency of inserting the lock bolt 2 into the hole H.
Furthermore, according to the above-described force transmission device 1, even if the limiting mechanism 7 functions and the plate portion 65 of one transmission shaft 61 comes into contact with the plate portion 66 of the other transmission shaft 62, the force from the pressing means 3 is transmitted to the lock bolt 2. Therefore, even if the center line of the shank rod 30 of the pressing means 3 and the center line of the lock bolt 2 are not positioned on the same straight line, the force from the pressing means 3 is easily transmitted to the lock bolt 2, and the work efficiency of inserting the lock bolt 2 into the hole H can be improved.

As shown in Figure 9, the swivel 40 is a tubular member that has a water intake port 41 to which, for example, a flexible water supply hose is connected, which constitutes a water injection channel 201 (see Figure 1) for supplying water into the steel pipe section 20 of the rock bolt 2, and is attached to the intermediate transmission shaft 12 so as not to rotate even when the shaft of the force transmission device 1 (rear transmission shaft 11, intermediate transmission shaft 12, front transmission shaft 13) rotates, and supplies water supplied through the water intake port 41 to the water channel formed in the shaft of the force transmission device 1.
In the case of a construction device equipped with the force transmission device 1, water supplied to the swivel 40 via a water inlet 201 connected to a water supply means and a water intake 41 formed on the intermediate transmission shaft 12 is supplied to the mounting part 50 via a water passage (not shown) formed on the inside of the swivel 40, an annular groove 42 formed to go around the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate transmission shaft 12, a water guide 43 formed at the bottom of the annular groove 42, a water passage (not shown) connected to the water guide 43 and provided on the inside of the intermediate transmission shaft 12, and a water passage pipe 45 connecting a water outlet 44 of the water passage to a water intake 50a of the mounting part 50.
As shown in FIG. 9, the intermediate transmission shaft 12 is configured to be separable into, for example, a swivel mounting shaft 12A having a through shaft portion 12s at its rear end that passes through the cylindrical inner side of the swivel 40, and a connecting shaft 12B to which the swivel mounting shaft 12A is detachably connected.
For example, the male threaded portion 12a provided at the rear end of the swivel mounting shaft 12A and the female threaded portion 12b provided at the front end of the connecting shaft 12B are screwed together, so that the swivel mounting shaft 12A and the connecting shaft 12B are detachably connected to each other.
In other words, the swivel 40 is mounted around the axis of the through shaft portion 12s between the flange portion 12x provided on the swivel mounting shaft 12A and the flange portion 12y provided at the front end of the connecting shaft 12B so as not to rotate together with the through shaft portion 12s.
In other words, the force transmission device 1 is configured with a swivel 40 that is attached to the through shaft portion 12s as the transmission shaft so as not to rotate together with the through shaft portion 12s, and that supplies water taken in from a water intake port 41 to the mounting portion 50 via a water passage provided in the transmission shaft (middle transmission shaft 12, front transmission shaft 13).

When a construction device equipped with the force transmission device 1 is used, water from a water supply means such as a water injection pump (not shown) is supplied into the steel pipe section 20 of the rock bolt 2 via the water injection passage 201, swivel 40, intermediate transmission shaft 12 (swivel mounting shaft 12A), water pipe 45, mounting section 50, annular groove 27 of the rock bolt 2, and water injection hole 28, causing the steel pipe section 20 to expand and deform from a deformed steel pipe shape to a circular steel pipe shape due to water pressure, and become fixed to the inner wall of hole H.

According to the construction equipment equipped with the force transmission device 1, since it is equipped with a rear connecting means 15 having a sliding mechanism 6 and a limiting mechanism 7, and a front connecting means 16, it is possible to prevent excessive force from being applied to the lock bolt 2, and to enable the lock bolt to be inserted straight into the hole H.
In particular, in the case of a pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt 2, if the steel pipe section 20 is bent, it may be impossible to reliably inject water into the steel pipe section 20, and the rock bolt 2 may not be able to be fixed to the wall of the hole H. Therefore, being able to insert the pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt 2 straight into the hole H has the excellent effect of enabling the installation work of the pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt 2 to be carried out accurately and reliably.

In addition, because the rear connecting means 15 and the front connecting means 16 are equipped with a sliding mechanism 6 and a limiting mechanism 7, even if the center line of the shank rod 30 of the pressing means 3 and the center line of the lock bolt 2 are not aligned on the same straight line, the force from the pressing means 3 is easily transmitted to the lock bolt 2, making it possible to efficiently insert the lock bolt straight into the hole H.

The force transmission device 1 also includes a rear transmission shaft 11, an intermediate transmission shaft 12, a front transmission shaft 13, a rear connecting means 15 that connects the front end of the rear transmission shaft 11 to the rear end of the intermediate transmission shaft 12, and a front connecting means 16 that connects the front end of the intermediate transmission shaft 12 to the rear end of the front transmission shaft 13. This increases the degree of freedom in the bending direction of the shafts of the rear transmission shaft 11, the intermediate transmission shaft 12, and the front transmission shaft 13, and more effectively prevents excessive force from being applied to the lock bolt 2.

In addition, since the force transmission device 1 includes the swivel 40, when the shaft of the force transmission device 1 (rear transmission shaft 11, middle transmission shaft 12, front transmission shaft 13) is rotated, the water injection hose that constitutes the water injection passage 201 connected to the water intake 41 of the swivel 40 can be prevented from becoming entangled with the shaft. In other words, even when the shaft of the force transmission device 1 is rotated, the water injection hose connected to the water intake 41 can be prevented from becoming entangled with the shaft.

EMBODIMENT 2
In the first embodiment, the attachment means 100 including the attachment portion 50 and the water pressure adjusting means 200 is exemplified, but the attachment means may be a mechanical means.
For example, a cylindrical recess may be provided in which the diameter of the circle forming the inner circumferential surface 51a at a position immediately prior to the position of the stopper 57 in the cylindrical recess 51 in Figure 4 corresponds to the diameter of the circle forming the outer circumferential surface on the rear end side of the lock bolt 2, and the cylindrical recess may function as an attachment means.
In other words, the rear end of the lock bolt 2 may be fitted into a cylindrical recess serving as an attachment means having an inner circumferential surface with a smaller diameter than the inner circumferential surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51, which is formed on the inner circumferential surface 51a of the cylindrical recess 51 between the stopper 57 of the cylindrical recess 51 and the rear annular sealing means 56.
Even in a construction device equipped with the mounting means of embodiment 2, by fitting the rear end of the lock bolt 2 into the cylindrical recess serving as the mounting means, the rear end of the lock bolt 2 can be mounted in the cylindrical recess 51 of the mounting part 50 so that the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylindrical recess 51 coincide with each other.Furthermore, when the lock bolt 2 is inserted into the hole H for casting, the state in which the center line 2C of the lock bolt 2 and the center line 51C of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess 51 coincide with each other is easily maintained, so that casting work can be performed efficiently, as in embodiment 1.

In addition, in each embodiment, a pressurized fluid expansion type lock bolt 2 that is expanded and deformed by water pressure has been exemplified, but a pressurized fluid expansion type lock bolt that is expanded and deformed by air pressure may also be used.
That is, the rock bolt may be a pressurized fluid expansion type rock bolt that expands and deforms due to the pressure of a fluid such as water or air.

2 rock bolt, 2C center line of rock bolt, 3 pressing means,
26 Water injection sleeve (rear end side of the lock bolt),
26f outer peripheral surface of the water injection sleeve (outer peripheral surface of the rock bolt),
27 Annular groove, 28 Water inlet, 32 Boom, 34 Guide, 50 Mounting portion,
51 Cylindrical recess, 51C Center line of cylindrical recess, 52 Water injection mechanism (fluid pressure supply mechanism)
54: annular water pressure supply unit (annular fluid pressure supply unit), 54a: water supply path (fluid supply path),
55 Front annular sealing means, 56 Rear annular sealing means, 100 Mounting means,
200 water pressure adjusting means, 201 water injection channel, 202 branch pipe, 203 branch of branch pipe,
204 Drainage channel, 205 Flow passage opening/closing valve, 206 Opening/closing operation member of flow passage opening/closing valve,
207 Straight path of branch pipe, 208 Water pressure gauge, H Hole for pouring, M Natural ground,
T: Tunnel cavity, W: wall.

Claims (4)

Construction machinery and
A guide provided on the front end side of the boom of the construction machine;
a pressing means provided on the guide so as to be movable along an extension direction of the guide;
An attachment portion provided on a front end side of the pressing means;
and a mounting means for mounting a rear end side of the pressurized fluid expansion type lock bolt to the mounting portion,
The mounting portion has a cylindrical recess with an open front end,
The cylindrical recess is provided with a fluid pressure supply mechanism on an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder,
The fluid pressure supply mechanism includes a front annular sealing means and a rear annular sealing means disposed at a distance from each other on the front and rear sides of the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical recess, and an annular fluid pressure supply unit disposed between the front annular sealing means and the rear annular sealing means and having a fluid supply path for supplying a predetermined fluid pressure required for expanding the lock bolt to the inside of the lock bolt,
The mounting means is arranged so that the center line of the lock bolt coincides with the center line of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess.
A rock bolt installation device characterized by a means for attaching the rear end side of the rock bolt to a cylindrical recess in an attachment part. A method for installing rock bolts using the rock bolt installation device according to claim 1,
a first step of attaching a rear end side of the lock bolt to the cylindrical recess of the attachment portion by an attachment means so that a center line of the lock bolt coincides with a center line of a cylinder of the cylindrical recess;
A second step of inserting the rock bolt attached to the cylindrical recess of the attachment portion into a driving hole formed in the ground;
and a third step of supplying a predetermined fluid pressure required for expanding the rock bolt, via the fluid supply path of the annular fluid pressure supply unit, to the inside of the rock bolt inserted into the driving hole with its rear end attached to the mounting part, thereby expanding the rock bolt and fixing it in the driving hole. The mounting means is configured to include a mounting portion and a water pressure adjusting means for adjusting the water pressure supplied from the water supply means to the mounting portion,
2. The rock bolt installation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that the water pressure regulating means comprises: a water supply means; a water injection conduit arranged to connect the water intake of the mounting part communicating with the annular fluid pressure supply part and the water supply means; a branch pipe arranged midway through the water injection conduit; a drainage conduit connected to the branch of the branch pipe for discharging water branched off from the water injection conduit to the outside; a flow path opening/closing valve arranged in the branch path; an opening/closing operating member for the flow path opening/closing valve; and a water pressure gauge arranged in a straight path of the branch pipe whose both ends are connected to the water injection conduit. A method for installing rock bolts using the rock bolt installation device according to claim 3,
a first step of attaching a rear end side of the lock bolt to the cylindrical recess of the attachment portion by an attachment means so that a center line of the lock bolt coincides with a center line of a cylinder of the cylindrical recess;
A second step of inserting the rock bolt attached to the cylindrical recess of the attachment portion into a driving hole formed in the ground;
and a third step of supplying a predetermined fluid pressure required for expanding the rock bolt through the fluid supply path of the annular fluid pressure supply unit to the inside of the rock bolt inserted into the driving hole with the rear end side attached to the attachment unit, thereby expanding the rock bolt and fixing the rock bolt in the driving hole,
An annular groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end side of the rock bolt, the annular groove being formed in a circular shape around the outer peripheral surface, and a water injection hole is formed through the groove bottom of the annular groove and the inner peripheral surface of the rock bolt,
In the first step, the water pressure is adjusted by the water pressure adjusting means to supply water pressure to the mounting portion that is necessary to prevent the lock bolt from expanding and to activate the sealing functions of the front annular sealing means and the rear annular sealing means, thereby maintaining a state in which the front annular sealing means and the outer circumferential surface of the lock bolt located forward of the annular groove of the lock bolt are in close contact with each other, and also maintaining a state in which the rear annular sealing means and the outer circumferential surface of the lock bolt located rearward of the annular groove of the lock bolt are in close contact with each other, thereby mounting the rear end side of the lock bolt in the cylindrical recess of the mounting portion so that the center line of the lock bolt and the center line of the cylinder of the cylindrical recess coincide with each other;
In the third step, a predetermined water pressure required to expand the rock bolt is supplied to the mounting portion by adjusting the water pressure using the water pressure adjusting means, thereby maintaining the front annular sealing means and the rear annular sealing means in tight contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rear end side of the rock bolt, and the rock bolt is expanded by the predetermined water pressure supplied to the inside of the rock bolt through the fluid supply passage of the annular fluid pressure supply portion, the annular groove of the rock bolt, and the water injection hole, thereby fixing the rock bolt in the driving hole.

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