JP6228037B2 - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator.

  In the tunnel excavator, a disc-shaped cutter head is supported by a cutter driving device at a front portion of a cylindrical excavator main body (skin plate) so as to be driven to rotate, and the excavator main body has a rear portion of the excavator main body. A plurality of propulsion jacks for advancing the main body and an erector device for assembling the segments to the inner wall surface of the existing tunnel (the surrounding wall of the ground) are mounted. By extending the propulsion jack and pressing it against an existing segment, the excavator body can be moved forward by obtaining a reaction force from the segment, and the cutter head is driven to rotate the cutter head forward. Can be excavated.

  A bulk head is provided behind the cutter head, and a chamber is formed between the cutter head and the bulk head. The earth and sand excavated by the cutter head is conveyed rearward by a screw conveyor provided with a front end opening in the chamber, and discharged from the rear end of the screw conveyor by a belt conveyor or the like.

  For example, in a mud pressure shield excavator, which is one of tunnel excavators, the pressure in the chamber is maintained and the excavated soil is discharged by injecting a mudizing agent into the chamber. Such injection of a mud additive into the chamber is performed through a rotary joint (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2003-314190 A

  However, since the agent supply flow path for supplying the agent in the rotary joint is in communication with the chamber, when the rotary joint is dismantled, dirt and soil water in the chamber and the like are in contact with the agent supply flow. There was a risk that the road would flow backward and enter the excavator body, and maintenance of the rotary joint could not be performed. When the rotary joint breaks down, for example, it takes time-consuming work such as disassembling the rotary joint after ground improvement such as injecting a chemical into the ground.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to facilitate maintenance of a rotary joint having a flow path communicating between a chamber and the inside of an excavator body in a tunnel excavator. And

  A tunnel excavator according to a first aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems includes a cylindrical skin plate, a cutter head provided at a front portion of the skin plate, and a rear surface of the cutter head provided on the skin plate. A tunnel excavator provided with a bulkhead to be communicated with a chamber in front of the bulkhead on the inner peripheral side of the skin plate, and a communication channel that communicates with the main body space behind the bulkhead; An insertion hole that intersects the communication channel, a rod-shaped piston member that is provided so as to be movable in the insertion hole and that has a tip that reaches the position where it intersects the communication channel, and the tip of the piston member A communication channel sealing means having an elastic member to be attached is provided.

  A tunnel excavator according to a second invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is the tunnel excavator according to the first invention, wherein the fixing portion is provided coaxially with the cutter head and supported by the skin plate, A rotary joint that is rotatably supported by a fixed part and includes a rotary part that can be driven and rotated together with the cutter head, and a part of the communication channel is formed in the rotary part. To do.

  A tunnel excavator according to a third invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is the tunnel excavator according to the second invention, wherein the rotary excavator is detachably connected to the rotary part of the rotary joint and can be driven and rotated together with the cutter head. And the insertion hole is formed in the rotating body.

  A tunnel excavator according to a fourth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that in the tunnel excavator according to any one of the first to third inventions, a hollow portion is formed in the elastic member.

  A tunnel excavator according to a fifth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that in the tunnel excavator according to the fourth invention, a fluid supply means for supplying a fluid to the hollow portion is provided.

  A tunnel excavator according to a sixth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is the tunnel excavator according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, wherein the insertion hole is provided with valve means, and the valve means is valve-closed. The insertion hole is sometimes blocked, and the piston member can be inserted when the valve is opened.

  According to the tunnel excavator according to the first invention, a cylindrical skin plate, a cutter head provided at a front portion of the skin plate, and a bulkhead provided at the skin plate positioned behind the cutter head A communication channel that communicates a chamber in front of the bulkhead on the inner peripheral side of the skin plate with a space in the main body behind the bulkhead, and the communication channel A rod-like piston member that is movable in the insertion hole and that can reach a position where the tip portion intersects the communication flow path, and an elasticity that is attached to the tip portion of the piston member By providing the communication channel sealing means having the member, the communication channel that communicates the chamber and the space in the main body can be sealed. , It can be prevented from entering the body space, such as water of sediment and the natural ground in the chamber. Therefore, it is possible to perform maintenance on a member having a flow path that communicates the chamber and the space inside the main body.

  According to the tunnel excavator according to the second invention, in the tunnel excavator according to the first invention, a fixed portion provided coaxially with the cutter head and supported by the skin plate, and the fixed portion A rotary joint which is rotatably supported and includes a rotary part which can be driven and rotated together with the cutter head, and a part of the communication flow path is formed in the rotary part, whereby the rotary joint is placed in the chamber. As a result, the rotary joint can be maintained.

  According to a tunnel excavator according to a third aspect of the invention, in the tunnel excavator according to the second aspect of the invention, the rotary excavator is detachably connected to the rotary part of the rotary joint, and includes a rotary body that can be driven and rotated together with the cutter head. Since the insertion hole is formed in the rotating body, the communication channel can be sealed in the rotating body that can be attached to and detached from the rotating part of the rotary joint, so that the rotary joint can be removed for maintenance, etc. It can be performed.

  According to the tunnel excavator according to the fourth invention, in the tunnel excavator according to any one of the first to third inventions, since the hollow portion is formed in the elastic member, the deformation amount of the elastic member is increased. Therefore, the communication channel can be more reliably sealed.

  According to the tunnel excavator according to the fifth invention, in the tunnel excavator according to the fourth invention, the elastic member can be expanded by providing the fluid supply means for supplying the fluid to the hollow portion. The communication channel can be sealed more reliably.

  According to a tunnel excavator according to a sixth invention, in the tunnel excavator according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, the insertion hole is provided with valve means, and the valve means is inserted when the valve is closed. By blocking the hole and allowing the piston member to be inserted when the valve is opened, the insertion hole is blocked by the valve means when the valve is closed, so that deterioration of the elastic member in the communication flow path sealing means can be suppressed. .

It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow-path sealing means in the tunnel excavator which concerns on Example 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the tunnel excavator which concerns on Example 1. FIG. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows the rotary joint vicinity in the tunnel excavator which concerns on Example 1. FIG. It is a cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the flow path sealing means in the tunnel excavator according to the first embodiment. It is description which shows the example of a change of the flow-path sealing means in the tunnel excavator which concerns on Example 1. FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  A structure of a tunnel excavator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the tunnel excavator 1 is rotatable to a skin plate (excavator main body) 10 having a cylindrical shape as the excavator main body and a front portion (left side in FIG. 2) of the skin plate 10. The disk-shaped cutter head 11 is mounted, and a propulsion jack (propulsion means) 12 and an erector apparatus 13 provided on the rear portion (right side in FIG. 2) of the skin plate 10 are configured.

  The cutter head 11 is connected to a cutter driving motor 14 provided behind the gear mechanism such as a ring gear (not shown), and rotates the cutter head 11 via the gear mechanism by driving the cutter driving motor 14. be able to.

  Further, a bulkhead 15 is attached to the skin plate 10 at the rear of the cutter head 11, and a chamber 10 a is formed between the cutter head 11 and the bulkhead 15. That is, the bulkhead 15 separates the chamber 10a from the space (main body space) 10b in the excavator body. The cutter head 11, the cutter drive motor 14, and a gear mechanism (not shown) are supported by the skin plate 10 via the bulk head 15.

  The earth and sand excavated in the front ground by driving and rotating the cutter head 11 is conveyed rearward by a screw conveyor 16 provided with an opening at the front end in the chamber 10a, and a belt (not shown) from the rear end of the screw conveyor 16. It is discharged by a conveyor or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the cutter head 11 is provided with a rotating shaft portion (rotating body) 20 extending from the center of rotation to the rear side (right side in FIG. 3). A through hole 15 a having an inner diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the rotating shaft portion 20 is formed in the bulk head 15, and the rotating shaft portion 20 is provided through the bulk head 15. A seal member 30 is provided between the bulkhead 15 and the rotary shaft portion 20, and the chamber 10a and the main body space 10b are isolated from each other.

  At the rear end (right end in FIG. 3) of the rotating shaft portion 20, there is an intermediate shaft portion (rotating body) 22 provided with a flow path sealing mechanism described later via a first connection block (rotating body) 21. A rotary joint (rotary pipe joint) 40 is connected to the rear end of the intermediate shaft portion 22 via a second connection block (rotating body) 23.

  The rotary joint 40 includes a substantially cylindrical outside body (fixed portion) 41 and a substantially cylindrical inside body (rotating portion) 42 that engages with the inner peripheral side of the outside body 41 and is rotatable. ing.

  The outside body 41 is supported by the bulkhead 15 (fixed side) via a bracket (not shown), and movement (movement) in the axial direction and the circumferential direction is restricted. That is, the outside body 41 is supported on the excavator body side (fixed side) while allowing the inside body 42 to rotate.

  On the other hand, the inside body 42 is coupled to the cutter head 11 via the rotary shaft portion 20, the first connection block 21, the intermediate shaft portion 22, and the second connection block 23. That is, the rotary shaft part 20, the first connection block 21, the intermediate shaft part 22, the second connection block 23, and the inside body 42 are coaxially connected to the cutter head 11 by bolts (mechanical fastening means). Then, it is rotated together with the cutter head 11.

  The outside body 41 is formed with an opening 41a for taking the mud additive into the rotary joint 40, and the opening 41a communicates with a mud additive supply device (not shown) for supplying the mud additive. A mud additive supply pipe 50 is connected. In addition, a concave groove 41b that opens to the inner peripheral surface is formed in the outside body 41 over the entire circumference at a position corresponding to the opening 41a (a position that has the same position in the axial direction).

  The inside body 42 is formed with a communication hole (communication flow path) 42 a that opens to the outer peripheral surface corresponding to the groove 41 b formed in the outer body 41 and the front end surface in the axial direction (left side end surface in FIG. 3). Yes. The communication hole 42a is a part of a mud additive supply flow path (communication flow path) 51 for sending a mud additive supplied from a mud additive supply device (not shown) into the chamber 10a.

  Further, the second connection block 23, the intermediate shaft part 22, the first connection block 21 and the rotary shaft part 20 have communication holes (communication flow paths) 23a, 22a, which communicate with the communication hole 42a in the inside body 42. 21a and 20a are provided. That is, the inside of the inside body 42, the second connection block 23, the intermediate shaft portion 22, the first connection block 21, and the communication holes 42 a, 23 a, 22 a, 21 a, and 20 a provided in the rotary shaft portion 20 A path 51 is formed.

  Therefore, the mud additive supplied from the mud additive supply device (not shown) is supplied from the mud additive supply pipe 50 to the outside body 41 in the rotary joint 40, and further, the inside body 42 in the rotary joint 40, and the second. These are connected to the front of the cutter head 11 (chamber 10a) via the connection block 23, the intermediate shaft portion 22, the first connection block 21, and the rotary shaft portion 20.

  In FIG. 3, for the sake of clarity, a large number of flow paths for supplying a mud additive into the chamber 10 a in the rotary joint 40 or the like or supplying hydraulic oil to a copy cutter or the like is shown. The illustration is omitted, and only one mudizing agent supply channel (communication channel) 51 is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the intermediate shaft portion 22 is provided with an insertion hole 60 that intersects the mudging agent supply channel 51 as a channel sealing means for the mudging agent supply channel 51, and in the insertion hole 60. And a rod-shaped insertion rod (piston member) 71 that can reach the position where the tip 71a intersects the sludge supply channel 51, and an elastic member 72 attached to the tip 71a of the insertion rod 71. A channel sealing device (communication channel sealing means) 70 is provided.

  That is, the flow path sealing device 70 inserts the insertion rod 71 into the insertion hole 60 and seals the mudicide supply flow path 51 by the elastic member 72 provided at the tip end portion 71a. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the mudicide or the like in the chamber 10 a from flowing back through the mud supply channel 51 and entering the main body space 10 b via the rotary joint 40 and the insertion hole 60. In the present embodiment, the insertion hole 60 is formed to have substantially the same diameter as the mud additive supply channel 51 and the elastic member 72 so that the mud additive supply channel 51 can be reliably sealed. Is formed in a shape corresponding to the mud additive supply channel 51 (communication hole 22a) intersecting with the insertion hole 60. That is, the elastic member 72 has a shape corresponding to the inner surface of the insertion hole 60, that is, a cylindrical portion having an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the insertion hole 60 and along the axial direction of the insertion hole 60, The shape corresponds to the inner surface of the flow channel 51, that is, a hemispherical portion having an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the sludge supply channel 51 formed at the tip of the cylindrical portion.

  Further, the elastic member in the present invention is not limited to the solid elastic member 72 as shown in FIG. 1 of the present embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the elastic member 172 is provided with a hollow portion 172a and a passage 171b is provided in the insertion rod 171 so that the fluid supply means 178 causes air or the like to pass through the passage 171b of the insertion rod 171. The fluid can be fed into the hollow portion 172a of the elastic member 172. According to this, the elastic member 172 expand | swells with the fluid sent into the hollow part 172a, and it can seal the sludge agent supply flow path 51 more reliably.

  Further, the flow path sealing device 70 includes a support plate 73 supported by the bulkhead 15 via a bracket (not shown), a guide bar 74 fixed to the support plate 73 and threaded, and a guide bar 74. A movable plate 75 that can be engaged and moved along the guide rod 74, and a nut 76 that is screwed with the guide rod 74 and rotated by a driving rotation means (not shown) to move along the guide rod 74 are provided. ing.

  The support plate 73 is provided with an insertion hole 73a through which the insertion rod 71 can be inserted. One end of the insertion rod 71 is connected to the moving plate 75, and a nut 76 is disposed adjacent to the upper and lower sides of the movement plate 75. ing. With such a configuration, when the nut 76 is rotated by a driving rotation means (not shown), the moving plate 75 and the insertion rod 71 connected to the moving plate 75 can be moved along the guide rod 74 together with the nut 76. Of course, the insertion rod 71 may be moved in the insertion hole 60 using a driving means such as a hydraulic jack or a motor.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a ball valve (valve means) 77 is provided in the insertion hole (insertion hole) 60 of the intermediate shaft portion 22. The ball valve 77 blocks the insertion hole 60 when the valve is closed to prevent the mudging agent and the like from flowing out from the mudging agent supply channel 51, and allows the insertion rod 71 to be inserted when the valve is opened. Therefore, the valve opening 77 a of the ball valve 77 is coaxial with the insertion hole 60 and has an inner diameter that allows the insertion rod 71 to be inserted therethrough.

  Of course, the valve means in the present invention is not limited to the ball valve 77 in the present embodiment, and the insertion hole (insertion hole 60) is blocked when the valve is closed, and the piston member (insertion rod 71) can be inserted when the valve is opened. Any valve may be used, and various valves such as a cock valve can be employed as the valve means in the present invention.

  In the present embodiment, the insertion hole 60 is provided orthogonal to the mudicide supply channel 51, but the insertion hole in the present invention is not limited to this, and the insertion hole in the present invention is not dependent on the angle. What is necessary is just to be able to insert the piston member (insertion rod 71) crossing the communication flow path.

  In the case where the flow path sealing device 70 is provided for each of a large number of flow paths, as shown in FIG. 4, the large number of flow path sealing devices 70 are arranged radially at intervals in the circumferential direction of the intermediate shaft portion 22. By installing in, installation space can be secured. In addition, the flow path sealing device 70 may be disposed not only in the circumferential direction but also in a space in the axial direction of the intermediate shaft portion 22 to secure an installation space. The installation space may be secured by disposing the flow path sealing device 70 with respect to the axial direction of the shaft portion 22 so that the installation angles are different.

  Operations such as maintenance of the rotary joint 40 in the tunnel excavator 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the supply of the mud additive to the chamber 10a by the mud additive supply means (not shown) is stopped. Then, the ball valve 77 is opened, and the nut 76 is rotated by a driving rotation means (not shown), and the insertion plate 71 connected to the movement plate 75 and the movement plate 75 is moved along the guide rod 74 together with the nut 76.

  The elastic member 72 provided at the distal end portion 71a of the insertion rod 71 reaches a position where the insertion hole 60 and the sludge supply channel 51 (communication hole 22a) intersect, that is, the sludge supply channel 51 (communication). The sludge supply channel 51 is reliably sealed by striking the hole 22a) and slightly elastically deforming. That is, the mudicide or the like in the chamber 10 a does not flow backward through the mudicide supply channel 51 and enter the main body space 10 b through the rotary joint 40 and the insertion hole 60.

  Therefore, the outside joint 41 of the rotary joint 40 can be removed from the inside body 42 to perform maintenance of the rotary joint 40 and the like.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since the insertion hole 60 and the flow path sealing device 70 are provided in the intermediate shaft portion 22 different from the inside body 42 of the rotary joint 40, the inside body 42 of the rotary joint 40 is replaced with the second body 42. The connection block 23 can be removed, and the rotary joint 40 can be maintained.

  In this way, according to the tunnel excavator 1 according to the present embodiment, maintenance of the rotary joint 40 having the mud additive supply channel 51 that communicates the chamber 10a and the main body space 10b can be performed on the ground. It can be easily performed without ground improvement such as injection.

1 Tunnel excavator 10 Skin plate (Excavator body)
10a Chamber 10b Excavator main body space (main body space)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Cutter head 12 Propulsion jack 13 Elector apparatus 14 Cutter drive motor 15 Bulk head 15a Through hole 16 Screw conveyor 20 Rotating shaft part (rotating body)
20a Communication hole (communication flow path)
21 First connection block (rotating body)
21a Communication hole (communication flow path)
22 Intermediate shaft (rotating body)
22a Communication hole (communication flow path)
23 Second connection block (rotating body)
23a Communication hole (communication flow path)
30 Seal member 40 Rotary joint (rotary pipe joint)
41 Outside body (fixed part)
42 Inside body (rotating part)
42a Communication hole (communication flow path)
50 Mud-agent supply pipe 51 Mud-agent supply channel (communication channel)
60 Insertion hole (insertion hole)
70 Channel sealing device (communication channel sealing means)
71 Insertion rod (piston member)
71a distal end 72 elastic member 73 support plate 73a insertion hole 74 guide rod 75 moving plate 76 nut 77 ball valve (valve means)
77a Valve opening 100 Tunnel S segment

Claims (6)

In a tunnel excavator comprising a cylindrical skin plate, a cutter head provided at the front portion of the skin plate, and a bulkhead provided at the skin plate at the rear of the cutter head,
A communication channel that communicates the chamber in front of the bulkhead on the inner peripheral side of the skin plate and the internal space of the main body behind the bulkhead;
An insertion hole that intersects the communication channel, a rod-shaped piston member that is movably provided in the insertion hole, and that can reach a position where a tip portion intersects the communication channel, and the tip portion of the piston member A tunnel excavator comprising: a communication flow path sealing means having an elastic member attached to the pipe. A rotary joint comprising a fixed portion provided coaxially with the cutter head and supported by the skin plate; and a rotating portion rotatably supported by the fixed portion and driven and rotated together with the cutter head;
The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein a part of the communication channel is formed in the rotating part. A rotary body that is detachably connected to the rotary portion of the rotary joint and that can be driven and rotated together with the cutter head;
The tunnel excavator according to claim 2, wherein the insertion hole is formed in the rotating body. The tunnel excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a hollow portion is formed in the elastic member. The tunnel excavator according to claim 4, further comprising fluid supply means for supplying fluid to the hollow portion. The insertion hole is provided with valve means,
The tunnel excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the valve means blocks the insertion hole when the valve is closed, and allows the piston member to be inserted when the valve is opened.

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