JP2024027975A - Waterproof ventilation materials and waterproof ventilation building materials - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] In addition to having high retaining hole water-stopping properties, by quickly eliminating dew condensation that occurs on field boards and wall boards, the wood that makes up wooden structures, such as field boards and wall boards, will not rot and will not slip. To provide a waterproof ventilation material that is hard to slip due to a stopper, and a waterproof ventilation building material that can be easily laid over the entire surface of a roof board or the like. [Solution] A waterproof breathable material 1 has openings on a sheet upper surface 3a of a base material, and recessed portions 22 that are scattered and/or arranged in rows on a sheet lower surface 3b, and between the openings. at least one non-slip protrusion selected from the non-annular protrusion 11a protruding from the sheet upper surface 3a, an annular protrusion protruding from the sheet upper surface 3a, and an annular protrusion surrounding the opening and protruding from the sheet upper surface 3a; It consists of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 made of resin and/or rubber and provided with a non-slip portion having an anti-slip layer attached to the upper surface of the sheet. [Selection diagram] Figure 1-1

Description

The present invention relates to a waterproof ventilation material used for construction of roofs and walls, and waterproof ventilation building materials using the same.

In wooden buildings such as wooden houses, waterproof asphalt-containing sheets and polyolefin sheets are used as roof and wall bases to prevent rainwater from entering and rotting the wood that forms the structure. It is laid on the roof boards and wall boards that make up the roof. These base sheets are stored rolled up.

When laying the base sheet on a roof board or the like, the base sheet is unwound from a roll and cut into a desired length. Rolling out, cutting, and laying are repeated in sequence so as to cover all the roofing boards, etc. The edges of the base sheets are arranged with a slight overlap so that no gaps are formed between the sheets to prevent rainwater from entering. As a result, the entire field board is covered with the base sheet without any gaps. The base sheet is fixed to the roofing board or the like using fasteners such as nails or staples. Therefore, these base sheets are required to have not only waterproof properties that prevent rainwater from penetrating, but also waterproof properties that prevent rainwater from leaking through the fixing holes of nails or staples even when nails or staples penetrate through them. Examples of such base sheets include asphalt sheets and moisture-permeable waterproof sheets.

As an asphalt sheet, for example, Patent Document 1 describes a modified asphalt roofing in which a sand grain layer, an asphalt layer, a base material layer, an asphalt-based self-adhesive layer, and a thermoplastic synthetic resin film layer are laminated. According to such an asphalt sheet, since the asphalt, which is highly flexible and elastic, adheres closely to the nails and staples passing through it, it exhibits high water-stopping properties for fastening holes. Here, condensation occurs on the roof boards and wall boards due to water vapor and humidity generated during human breathing, heating, bathing, and cooking inside the wooden house, causing the wood that forms the frame of the wooden house to rot. It has been known. Although the asphalt sheet has high waterproofness and water-stopping properties, it does not have moisture permeability, so that the condensation that occurs between the asphalt-impregnated nonwoven sheet and the roofing board etc. cannot be eliminated. This condensation causes the roof boards to rot.

On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses that continuous filaments are formed by irregularly intersecting a sheet for building materials, which is a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet in which a metal membrane material having pores of 100 to 2000 μm and a nonwoven fabric are integrated through an adhesive. A composite material for building materials with a three-dimensional network is described. This composite material for building materials has both moisture permeability and waterproofness by integrating a moisture permeable non-woven fabric and a metal membrane material with a pore size within a certain range so that it does not allow rainwater to pass through, but allows water vapor and moisture to pass through. At the same time, the three-dimensional mesh forms a ventilation area between the building material sheet material and the roofing material such as roofing boards or tiles, promoting ventilation and suppressing the accumulation of water vapor and moisture, thereby reducing condensation caused by condensation. This effectively prevents the rot of field boards, etc.

When the nails used for fixing to roof boards or wall boards penetrate the building material sheet, holes are created there. In the building material sheet of Patent Document 2, the metal membrane material has poor flexibility and elasticity, and the nonwoven fabric has many voids connected in the thickness direction to provide moisture permeability. Therefore, a gap is created between the nail and the building material sheet, which is simply a combination of a metal membrane material and a nonwoven fabric with an adhesive. As a result, rainwater may infiltrate through the gaps, so this sheet for building materials has poor nail hole water-stopping properties. On the other hand, if a sheet for building materials is made of a nonwoven fabric that does not have continuous voids or has increased thickness to provide sufficient nail hole water-stopping properties, the moisture permeability will be impaired or reduced. In this case, it becomes difficult for water vapor or moisture, which is dew condensation generated on the sheathing board, to permeate through the nonwoven fabric and reach the three-dimensional network, making it impossible to prevent the shedding board from decaying due to dew condensation.

In addition, when this composite material for building materials, which is a sheet for building materials with a three-dimensional mesh attached, is laid on a field board, etc., due to the three-dimensional mesh, it is not possible to lay the composite material for building materials with the ends stacked on top of each other. . Therefore, in order to overlap the ends of the building composite materials so that no gaps are formed between them, the three-dimensional network existing at the ends of the building composite materials must be cut or removed each time. This complicates the installation work.

Furthermore, when these sheets for construction materials are applied to a roof, particularly a sloped roof such as a gable roof, there is a problem in that the exposed upper surface is flat, making it easy for the sheet to slip or fall while walking.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-336266 JP2013-76210A

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has a high retaining hole water-stopping property, and quickly eliminates dew condensation that occurs on roof boards and wall boards. To provide a waterproof ventilation material that does not cause the wood constituting a wooden building to rot and is non-slip due to its anti-slip property, and to provide a waterproof ventilation construction material that can be easily laid over the entire surface of a roof board or the like.

The waterproof breathable material made to achieve the above object has openings on the upper surface of the base sheet, recesses that are scattered and/or lined up on the lower surface of the sheet, and recesses between the openings. at least one non-slip convex part selected from a non-annular convex part and an annular convex part protruding from the top surface of the sheet between them, and an annular convex part protruding from the top surface of the sheet while surrounding the opening, and/or the sheet. It is characterized in that it is made of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet made of resin and/or rubber and has a non-slip portion having an anti-slip layer attached to the upper surface.

In this waterproof breathable material, for example, a plurality of the convex portions are arranged between vertical rows and/or horizontal rows of the recessed portions on the flat plate portion of the base material.

In this waterproof breathable material, the convex portion may have deformation recovery property or deformation non-recovery property.

In this waterproof breathable material, the non-annular convex portion is selected from rectangular, cylindrical, elliptical cylindrical, polygonal truncated pyramid, hemispherical, spherical arc, polygonal cylindrical, cross-shaped, and X-shaped 3-dimensional. It may be of at least any shape.

In this waterproof breathable material, each of the plurality of non-ring-shaped convex portions is arranged in a convex row arranged parallel to the column direction at intervals between the vertical rows of the concave portions, and adjacent convex portions in the convex row. and a pair of protrusions arranged parallel to each other in the row direction of the recessed parts with gaps between the parts, or each of the plurality of non-circular protrusions is arranged in the row direction of the recessed part. A first pair of protrusions arranged in a diagonal direction in the column direction between the columns with a gap therebetween, and a second pair of protrusions arranged in another diagonal direction in the column direction while sandwiching the gap within the first pair of protrusions. It is also possible to have an intermittent X-shaped unit consisting of a pair of protrusions.

In this waterproof breathable material, the annular convex portion may be a continuous or intermittent crater-shaped outer ring.

This waterproof breathable material may be such that the inner side of the outer ring is shallower than the outer side.

In this waterproof breathable material, the top surface of the convex portion may be inclined with respect to the top surface of the sheet.

In this waterproof breathable material, it is preferable that the annular convex portions are intermittent.

It is more preferable that the waterproof breathable material has two to eight annular protrusions intermittently.

This waterproof breathable material may have a plurality of rows of a plurality of concave and convex portions each consisting of the concave portion and the convex portion.

In this waterproof breathable material, a plurality of rows consisting of a plurality of the uneven portions in which the annular protrusions are intermittent are arranged in a plurality, and the intermittent direction of the annular protrusions of the adjacent uneven portions in the row is: It is more preferable that the intermittent directions of the annular protrusions of the uneven portions are shifted from each other and/or between the adjacent rows are shifted from each other.

It is even more preferable that the waterproof breathable material has the recessed portions or the recessed portions and the convex portions arranged randomly or evenly.

In this waterproof breathable material, it is even more preferable that the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet is flexible enough to be wound into a roll.

In this waterproof breathable material, the base material is polyethylene (PE) resin, polypropylene (PP) resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin, polyamide (PA) resin, polyester (PEs) resin, polystyrene (PS) resin, polyvinyl chloride. (PVC) resin, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS).

In this waterproof breathable material, the recessed portion, or the recessed portion and the convex portion, are preferably molded from a plate-like raw material.

This waterproof breathable material may have a moisture drain hole provided in the recessed portion.

In this waterproof breathable material, the layer is made of, for example, polyethylene (PE) resin, butyral (vinyl butyral: PVB) resin (poly, butyl rubber (isobutylene-isoprene rubber: IIR), ethylene propylene diene (EPDM) rubber, chloroprene (CR)). It is a foam layer, a membrane layer, or a laminate layer of at least one selected from rubber, styrene butadiene (SBR) rubber, and acrylonitrile butadiene (NBR) rubber.

In this waterproof breathable material, it is preferable that the layer is attached, adhered, welded, and integrally molded to the upper surface of the sheet of the base material.

In this waterproof breathable material, the recessed portion is formed of, for example, a corrugated corrugated portion of a non-mesh fabric or a mesh fabric, or a pleated folded portion of a non-mesh fabric or a mesh fabric.

In order to achieve the above object, a waterproof and breathable building material is provided with a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet on the lower surface of the waterproof and breathable material.

In this waterproof and breathable building material, the plurality of waterproof and breathable materials are connected by nesting of the convex portions, and/or the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheets are attached to each other with tape and bonded with adhesive. and are connected by being driven with staples, tackers, needles, nails, rivets, split rivets, or hooks, screwed together with bolts and nuts, or screws, or connected with connectors. be.

In this waterproof breathable building material, the moisture permeable waterproof sheet is at least one selected from, for example, a polyolefin sheet, a polyurethane sheet, a polyvinyl butyral sheet, a thermoplastic elastomer sheet, a polyvinyl acetate sheet, a rubber sheet, and an asphalt roofing felt. be.

The waterproof ventilation material of the present invention and the waterproof ventilation building material using the same have a non-permeable waterproof sheet, so they have excellent waterproof properties, prevent water leakage from the roof side and outer wall side, and prevent water vapor generated inside the house. To prevent condensation from forming on roof boards and wallboards by discharging water and moisture from the indoor side to the outdoors through ventilation parts that are gaps between recessed parts of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet. Furthermore, these waterproof breathable materials and waterproof breathable building materials can prevent water from accumulating in the recesses and allow moisture to be discharged outdoors.

In addition, these waterproof breathable materials and waterproof breathable building materials may include non-ring-shaped protrusions or ring-shaped protrusions of non-permeable waterproof sheets, and/or non-slip protrusions of various shapes that are annular protrusions, or non-slip layers. The presence of the base material prevents it from slipping, so when it is installed on a field board, etc., it will not slip even if you step on it and walk on it, allowing you to work safely.

Moreover, these waterproof ventilation materials and waterproof ventilation building materials are attached with tape or bonded with adhesive by nesting the recesses and/or projections, or by being made of resin and/or rubber. , fastened with staples, etc., screwed together with bolts and nuts, etc., or easily connected with a connecting tool, and quickly and easily connected by being connected with tape, staples, etc., bolts and nuts, etc., or a connecting tool. It can be temporarily assembled to match the shape of the roof and walls of a house, and installed as a roof base or wall base.

Moreover, these waterproof ventilation materials and waterproof ventilation construction materials are made of resin and/or rubber, and thus have anti-slip protrusions and/or anti-slip layers, especially non-slip parts having anti-slip layers. By having a Even if they are combined and a hole is made, the flexibility of the resin and/or rubber allows the resin and/or rubber to adhere tightly to the hole, thereby exhibiting watertight properties.

According to these waterproof breathable materials and waterproof breathable building materials, the waterproof properties of the non-permeable tarpaulin sheets and the water-stop properties of the fastening holes prevent water leakage from outdoors, and also prevent indoor water vapor and moisture from being absorbed into the recesses of the non-permeable tarpaulin sheets. The synergistic effect of preventing dew condensation while discharging it outdoors through the ventilation section, which is a gap between the two, prevents roofing boards and the like from rotting.

Therefore, these waterproof breathable materials and waterproof breathable building materials do not require a separate provision of a moisture-impermeable waterproof membrane or an anti-slip membrane, and even if they have a simple structure, they can still perform essential functions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view, a front sectional view, and a left and right side view showing a part of one form of a waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 1 is a partially taken out bottom view of one form of a waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a waterproof and ventilated building material to which waterproof and ventilated materials to which the present invention is applied are connected. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a non-annular convex portion in a waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a ring-shaped convex portion in a waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a convex portion in a waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a plan view, a front sectional view, and a left and right side view, partially taken out, of another form of waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a partially taken out bottom view of another form of waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a partially taken out perspective view of another form of a waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a plan view partially taken out of another embodiment of another waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a plan view partially taken out of another embodiment of another waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 7 is a plan view and a front sectional view of another waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another waterproof breathable material to which the present invention is applied. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a method of using a waterproof ventilation material and a waterproof ventilation building material to which the present invention is applied.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

One embodiment of the waterproof breathable material 1 of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1-1 and 1-2. The waterproof breathable material 1 of this form has openings on the upper surface of the sheet of the base material, recessed portions scattered on the lower surface of the sheet, and non-circular convex portions protruding from the upper surface of the sheet between the openings. It is made of a moisture-impermeable waterproof waterproof sheet made of resin and has a non-slip part that is a convex part. FIG. 1-1(a) is a plan view of a long waterproof breathable material 1 taken out by partially cutting it out, and FIG. 1-1(b) is a front sectional view thereof. 1C is a left side view of the same, FIG. 1D is a right side view of the same, and FIG. 1-2(e) is a bottom view of the same. Note that the rear cross-sectional view is symmetrical with the front cross-sectional view, so it will be omitted.

The waterproof breathable material 1 is made of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet, and is a roof base material fixed to wood constituting a wooden house, for example, a roof board 40. The waterproof breathable material 1 is a flexible, long material that extends continuously in the longitudinal direction L-L' (vertical direction) and can be rolled up.

The waterproof breathable material 1 has concave portions 22 arranged vertically and horizontally in a flat plate portion 6 between the end band side portion 4b and the end side portion 5a, having an opening 12 on the sheet upper surface 3a and recessed toward the lower surface of the sheet. Along the vertical rows of the recessed portions 22 (a row of recessed portions along the longitudinal direction LL' is conveniently referred to as a column), the horizontal rows of the recessed portions 22 (aligned in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction LL') are arranged. A plurality of convex portions 11a of the same type, which are non-circular convex portions protruding from the upper surface of the sheet, are arranged intermittently at equal intervals between the concave portion rows (for convenience, referred to as horizontal rows). The concave portion 22 and the convex portion 11a constitute the concavo-convex portion 10.

The convex portion 11a has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape that is slightly bulged at the bottom, and is formed along the vertical rows of the recessed portions 22 in the middle of adjacent recessed portions 22 in the horizontal rows of the recessed portions 22. The convex portion 11a is raised in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, so that the inside thereof is hollow.

The convex portion 11a has deformation recovery property or deformation non-recovery property, so that it is non-slip so that it will not slip when stepped on.

The recessed portion 22 protrudes downward from the seat lower surface 3b, has a truncated conical shape whose diameter gradually decreases toward the shedding board 40, and has a bottom portion 15. A moisture drain hole (not shown) may be provided at the bottom 15 of the recessed portion 22 or near the boundary between the bottom 15 and the side surface to prevent moisture from accumulating.

The uneven portion 10 is formed by heat-pressing a moisture-impermeable resin waterproof sheet raw material in a mold for transferring onto the uneven portion 10 .

The waterproof breathable material 1 consists of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2. The non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 is connected to one side in the longitudinal direction LL' through a step 5b of approximately the same thickness, and has an end side 5a formed as a lug during molding, and an end side 5a on the other side. It has an end band side portion 4b which is connected to the end portion through a step 4a of about the same thickness and is formed as a lug during molding. The mold is made by pressing the raw material of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 made of thermoplastic resin by sandwiching it between a male mold and a female mold having cavities corresponding to the concave portions 22 and the uneven portions 10 under heating. The moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 may be formed by processing the raw material of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 made of thermoplastic resin into a mold having cavities corresponding to the recessed portions 22 and the uneven portions 10. The non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 may be formed by vacuum-forming the non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 by sandwiching it between molds under heating and applying vacuum suction so as to bring it into close contact with the mold under heating.

When installing these plurality of waterproof ventilation materials 1 on a roof by partially overlapping each other, the end row of the uneven portions 20 near the edge portion 5a of the waterproof ventilation material 1 and the edge band of another waterproof ventilation material The concavo-convex portions 20 may fit or interlock with each other at the end row near the side portion 4b.

As shown in FIG. 1-1(b), a waterproof breathable building material 100 is obtained by providing a moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 on the lower surface side of the waterproof breathable material 1.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1-1(b), the waterproof ventilation material 1 is laid on the roof board 40 as a waterproof ventilation building material 100 in which a plurality of waterproof ventilation materials 1 having the same configuration and shape are connected, and is secured by nails 80. It is fixed to the field board 40. The waterproof ventilation material 1 functions as follows.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1-3, the edge portion 5a of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 and the edge portion 4b of another non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 are overlapped to form a waterproof breathable building material. 100 is installed on the roof board 40 directly or via a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50. At this time, a plurality of waterproof breathable materials 1 are connected by nested fitting of the convex portions, and/or non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheets are attached with tape, adhered with adhesive, stapled, Drive with a driving tool such as a tacker, needle, nail, rivet, split rivet, or hook; screwed together with a screw fitting such as a bolt and nut; or a connection such as a wire or string. They are connected by being joined by a fitting.

In the waterproof breathable material 1 and its connected body constituting the waterproof breathable building material 100, the bottom 15 of the recessed portion 22 directly or through the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 connects to the roof board 40 on the lower sheet side 3b of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2. is in contact with. A ventilation section 31 is formed around the outer shape of the plurality of recesses 22 between the lower surface 3b of the waterproof ventilation material 1 or its connected body and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 or the roofing board 40. The ventilation section 31 communicates with the outside world from the edge portion 5a and the edge band portion 4b along the longitudinal direction of the non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2, and from the cut end of the non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 in the longitudinal direction. There is.

Water vapor and moisture generated inside the wooden house 60 (see FIG. 11) and transmitted through the roofing board 40 are released from inside the wooden house 60 to the outside world through the ventilation portion 31 on the lower surface 3b side of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2. Ru. As a result, water vapor and moisture do not stay in the ventilation section 31, so that dew condensation on the sheathing board 40 is suppressed. Even if some of the water vapor or moisture condenses, it gradually evaporates and is released to the outside world.

On the other hand, in the waterproof ventilation material 1 and its connected body constituting the waterproof ventilation building material 100, the convex portions 11a of the uneven portions 10 protrude upward on the sheet upper surface 3a side of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2. , an edge portion 5a and an end band portion 4b along the longitudinal direction of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2, and a cut end portion of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 in the longitudinal direction communicate with the outside world.

Behind the roofing material 70 inside the wooden house 60 (see FIG. 11), water vapor and moisture are released from inside the wooden house 60 to the outside world through the ventilation section 31 on the sheet upper surface 3a side of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2. . Even if some of the water vapor or moisture condenses and adheres to the upper surface 3a of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 or accumulates slightly in the recessed portion 22, it gradually vaporizes and is released to the outside world.

Therefore, if the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 is used, the air permeability is good on the sheet upper surface 3a side and the sheet lower surface 3b side, and dew condensation is difficult to remain. The generation of dew condensation on the roof can be effectively suppressed, and not only the field board 40 is not rotted, but also the crosspieces 61a and the roofing material 70 are not rotted. Furthermore, the staples, nails 80, etc. that fix the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 are not corroded.

Nails 80 for fixing the waterproof ventilation building material 100 to the roofing board 40 penetrate the waterproof ventilation material 1. The nail 80 has a sharp tip, a body, and a head whose diameter is larger than the body. The moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 has a thickness and an elongation rate within the above ranges, so that it has sufficient strength, flexibility, and elasticity. As a result, even if a hole is formed by the nail 80 passing through the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2, the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 adheres closely to the body of the nail 80 and does not form a gap therebetween. As a result, the waterproof breathable material 1 exhibits high retaining hole water-stopping properties and prevents moisture from penetrating into the sheathing board 40.

The waterproof and breathable building material 100 has a plurality of waterproof and breathable materials 10 in which the edge portion 5a of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 and the edge portion 4b of the other non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 are overlapped, so that the roof Even if rainwater leaks from the material 70, the existence of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 prevents it from entering the room from the sheet upper surface 3a side of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2. Further, even if indoor water vapor or moisture enters from the lower surface 3b side of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2, it can be released to the outside world due to the presence of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2, so that no dew condensation occurs.

This waterproof and breathable building material 100 is laid on the sheathing board 40 in the following manner, for example, when constructing a roof. The worker unwinds the roll of waterproof breathable material 1 and places it from the eaves 63 side onto the sheathing board 40 or the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 placed on the shedding board 40 along the eaves 63; The waterproof ventilation material 1 is fed out from this roll and cut to uniformly cover the roofing board 40 from one end to the other. At this time, the waterproof ventilation material 1 is laid in such a direction that the outer surface of the bottom 25 of the recessed portion 22 contacts the sheathing board 40 directly or via the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50. Secure with staples, nails, etc. as necessary.

Next, from the eaves 63 side to the ridge 64 side, another waterproof ventilation material was separately drawn out and cut in the same manner and installed in parallel with the end band 4b of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 of the previous waterproof ventilation material 1. It is overlapped with the edge portion 5a of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 of No. 1, and fixed with nails 80 staples or the like, or attached to the seam with waterproof tape, if necessary.

According to this waterproof ventilation material 1, a plurality of waterproof ventilation materials 1 can be connected and temporarily assembled, and the waterproof ventilation construction material 100 can be laid according to the shape of the roof of a house with only a simple operation. As a result, it is possible to shorten the work time required for laying the roof base material compared to the conventional method, and to reduce the burden on the worker.

Thereafter, the crosspieces 61a are installed and fixed with nails 80, etc., and covered with roofing material to form the roof 61.

Note that when the waterproof and breathable building material 100 is installed during rainy weather, rainwater may accumulate in the recesses 22 of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2, but as already explained, after the roof is formed, rainwater will naturally evaporate. Since the rainwater is discharged outdoors, there is no need for the troublesome operation of draining accumulated rainwater one by one, simplifying the work process.

A method of manufacturing the waterproof breathable material 1 will be explained. The waterproof breathable material 1 is rolled out from a roll of resin raw material board, heated with a male mold and a female mold forming the uneven shape of the waterproof breathable material 1 to form a non-moisture permeable waterproof sheet 2, and then rolled into a roll. It is made by winding it up.

FIG. 11 shows a partially cutaway perspective view of the waterproof and ventilated building material 100 installed in a wooden house 60. The waterproof and ventilated building material 100 is a roof base uniformly laid on the roofing board 40. The crosspiece 61a is fixed to the roof board 40 with the nails 80 together with the waterproof and ventilated building material 100. As the roofing material 30, a metal roofing material such as galvalume steel plate (registered trademark of Nippon Steel Corporation) is fixed to the crosspiece 61a.

The roof 61 separates the outside, which is cold in winter, and the inside of the wooden house 60, which is warm due to heating, so condensation can form on the roof board 40 due to the temperature difference and water vapor and humidity generated inside the wooden house 60. Easy to occur. However, as described above, since the ventilation section 31 that communicates with the outdoors is formed between the waterproof and ventilated building material 100 made of waterproof ventilation material and the shedding board 40, the water vapor that has passed through the shedding board 40 passes through the ventilation section 31. Since the water passes through the water and is discharged outdoors, condensation does not form on the field board 40 or the crosspieces 61a. This prevents them from rotting.

In addition, the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 made of resin does not allow water vapor or moisture generated inside the wooden house 60 to pass through, and the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 has a high fastening hole water-stopping property, so that this water vapor and moisture can be absorbed by the metal roofing material. The roofing material 30 is not reached. As a result, the waterproof ventilation building material 100 (waterproof ventilation material 1) prevents not only the roofing board 40 from rotting but also the metal roofing material 30 from corroding.

Furthermore, the roof 61 is sometimes exposed to heavy rain. At this time, rainwater may enter through the joints of the plurality of roof materials 30 and reach the upper surface of the waterproof and breathable building material 100. The waterproof and breathable building material 100 exhibits high fastening hole water-stopping properties as the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2, which is rich in flexibility and elasticity, closely adheres to the surface of the body of the nail 80 that has passed through it. Do not let it infiltrate.

In FIGS. 1-1 to 1-3, an example is shown in which the convex portions 11a are arranged between the vertical rows of the recessed portions, but they may be arranged between the horizontal rows instead of between the vertical rows or in addition to the vertical rows. (Illustrated).

The convex parts 11a in the convex part rows arranged parallel to the vertical direction and spaced apart between the vertical rows of the concave parts 22 are shown as L in FIGS. 1-1 and 1-2 as a plurality of non-circular convex parts. An example of the substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped convex portions 11a ₁ (see FIG. 2(a)) along the -L' direction was shown, but they are also arranged along the L-L' direction, and among the rectangular parallelepipeds, there are also cubic convex portions. portion 11a ₂ (see FIG. 2(b)), cylindrical convex portion 11a ₃ (see FIG. 2(c)), elliptical cylindrical convex portion 11a ₄ (see FIG. 2(d)), quadrangular pyramid-shaped convex portion part 11a ₅ (see figure (e)), hemispherical convex part 11a ₆ (see figure (f)), spherical convex part 11a ₇ (see figure (g)), square like hexagonal column. It may be a columnar convex portion 11a ₈ (see (h) in the same figure). One of the letters in the cross is also along the LL' direction, and a three-dimensional cross-shaped convex portion 11a ₉ (see figure (i)), and one of the letters in the X is also in the LL' direction diagonally. It may be a convex portion 11a ₁₁ in the shape of a three-dimensional letter X (see (j) in the same figure). Alternatively, the convex portions 11a are adjacent convex portions 11a ₁₁ and 11a _11' in the convex portion row in the column direction (direction perpendicular to the LL' direction), which is the column direction, as shown in FIG. It has an intermittent cross unit consisting of a pair of protrusions 11b ₁₁ and 11b _11' which are arranged in parallel in the row direction (LL' direction) which is the row direction of the recessed parts with a gap between the pairs. You can leave it there. The convex portion 11a includes a pair of first convex portions 11b ₁₂ and 11b _12' which are lined up with a gap in the diagonal direction between the columns of the concave portions 22, as shown in FIG. It has an intermittent X-shaped unit consisting of a pair of second protrusions 11b ₁₂ and 11b _12' that are lined up in another diagonal direction in the column direction while sandwiching a gap 11c between the pairs of protrusions 11a ₁₂ and 11a _12' . You can. Further, as shown in FIG. 2(m), in the convex portion 11a, the convex portions 11a to ₁₃ in the three-dimensional shape of the letter T may be arranged in the same direction or alternately in opposite directions along the LL' direction. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2(o), the convex portions 11a may have star-shaped convex portions 11a ₁₄ arranged in the same direction or alternately in opposite directions along the LL' direction.

As shown in FIG. 3, the top surface 11e1 of the convex portion 11e as the non-annular convex portion ₁₁ is inclined with respect to the sheet top surface 3a so that, for example, the ridge side of the gable roof (see FIG. 11) is higher. You can.

Although an example of a non-circular convex portion is shown as the convex portion 11, as shown in FIG. 4, it may be a circular convex portion 11d having a continuous or intermittent crater-shaped outer ring _11d1 . . The outer ring 11d ₁ may have an inner bottom 11d 2 by having the inner side of the outer ring 11d ₁ shallower than the outer side.

Another embodiment of the waterproof breathable material 1 of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 5-1 and 5-2. FIG. 5-1(a) is a plan view of a long waterproof breathable material 1 taken out by cutting out a part thereof, and FIG. 5-1(b) is a front sectional view thereof. FIG. 5(c) is a left side view of the same, FIG. 5(d) is a right side view of the same, and FIG. 5-2(e) is a bottom view of the same. Note that the rear cross-sectional view is symmetrical with the front cross-sectional view, so it will be omitted. Below, we will mainly explain the differences from the waterproof breathable material 1 shown with reference to FIGS. 1-1 to 1-3 and the like.

The waterproof breathable material 1 is a roof base material that is fixed to wood constituting a wooden house, for example, a roof board 40. The waterproof breathable material 1 is made of a flexible, moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet, and is a long article that extends continuously in the longitudinal direction L-L' (vertical direction) and can be rolled up.

The waterproof breathable material 1 has a plurality of uneven portions 20 arranged in an orderly manner vertically and horizontally on a flat plate portion 6 between an edge portion 5a and an edge band portion 4b. The uneven portion 20 is an annular convex portion consisting of a concave portion 22 having an opening 22 on the seat top surface 3a and recessed toward the bottom surface of the seat, and arcuate convex portions 23a to 23d surrounding the opening 22 and protruding from the seat top surface 3a. 23 and the circular convex portions 23a to 23d are separated from each other by the intermittent portions 21. The uneven portions 20 are arranged in five rows arranged at equal intervals in each row along the longitudinal direction LL', and are provided in the same direction at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction and the horizontal direction perpendicular thereto. It is.

The uneven portion 20 includes four arcuate convex portions 23 a to 23 d forming the annular convex portion 23 and four intermittent portions 24 a to 24 d forming the annular intermittent portion 24 on the seat upper surface 3 a side (front surface side: outdoor side). are arranged alternately in a circular ring.

The arcuate convex portion 23a is hollow inside by being raised in an arcuate shape. The arc-shaped convex portion 23a is formed by an inner slope 23a ₂ and an outer slope 23a ₄ on the inside and outside of the arc, and by intermittent side slopes 23a ₁ and 23a ₃ that oppose the adjacent arc-shaped convex portions 23b and 23d. , a raised top surface _23a5 is formed. While the outer slope 23a ₄ and the intermittent side slopes 23a ₁ and 23a ₃ are raised from the flat plate part 6, the inner slope 23a ₃ is sloped toward the slope of the concave part 22 which is depressed in the shape of a truncated cone. It extends.

The arcuate protrusions 23b to 23d are similar to the arcuate protrusion 23a, except that they are shifted by 45° in the arc shape.

Four intermittent portions 24 a to 24 d forming the annular intermittent portion 24 are formed on the flat plate portion 6 .

The annular convex portion 23 and the annular intermittent portion 24 provide a non-slip feature to prevent slipping when stepped on.

Although an example of the annular convex portion 23 formed by four arc-shaped convex portions 23a to 23d and the annular intermittent portion 24 formed by four intermittent portions 24a to 24d is illustrated, the number of the annular convex portions 23 may be two or three, respectively. It may be five to eight. It is preferable that the annular convex portion 23 and the annular intermittent portion 24 form an annular shape with equal intervals.

The recessed part 22 protrudes downward from the seat lower surface 3b and has a bottom part 25, forming a truncated cone shape whose diameter gradually decreases toward the shedding board 40.

The boundary between the recessed portion 22 and the four intermittent portions 24a to 24d forming the annular intermittent portion 24 forms an opening 22 on the upper surface of the sheet.

When installing these plurality of waterproof ventilation materials 1 on a roof by partially overlapping each other, the end row of the uneven portions 20 near the edge portion 5a of the waterproof ventilation material 1 and the edge band of another waterproof ventilation material The concavo-convex portions 20 may fit or interlock with each other at the end row near the side portion 4b.

The waterproof ventilation material 1 functions as shown in FIG. 5-1(b), for example, which is the same as that in FIG. 1-1(b).

The following describes the waterproof ventilation material 1 common to Figures 1-1 to 1-3, Figures 2 to 4, Figures 5-1 to 5-3, and Figures 6 to 9 and the waterproof ventilation building material 100 using the same. Explain.

The moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 is made of at least one hard or soft resin selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyester, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer. It is a board, and exhibits waterproof properties in that it does not allow rainwater to pass through, and it also does not allow water vapor or moisture to pass through, so it has virtually no moisture permeability. The non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 is made by molding a raw resin board using a male mold and a female mold forming the uneven shape of the waterproof breathable material 1. The moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 may be one in which these resin plates contain an inorganic filler, talc, calcium carbonate, quartz, and various additives. The resin may be a so-called recycled resin product, or a mixture of a recycled resin product and an unprocessed resin product.

The moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 is not particularly limited in terms of strength, but has an elongation rate of at least 30% in accordance with JIS K6767 (1999), for example. Specifically, the lower limit of this elongation rate is preferably 30%, more preferably 35%, and even more preferably 40%, and the upper limit is preferably 100%, more preferably 95%, and More preferably, it is 80%. Since such a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 is highly flexible and elastic, it tightly adheres to the surface of the body of the nail 80 (see Figure 5-1) that has passed through it, leaving no gap between it and the nail 80 (see Figure 5-1). .

The uneven parts 10 and 20 have enough strength that they will not be crushed even if a worker steps on or steps on the waterproof ventilation material 1 when installing it on the roof, or if it is fixed by driving a nail or the like with a hammer. Preferably. To this end, the thickness of the resin raw material plate of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet should be 1 to 10 mm, and when molded, the thickness of the thinnest part of the uneven parts 10 and 20 should be at least 2 mm, preferably 2 mm. -6 mm, more preferably 3-5 mm. Further, in the uneven portion 10, the maximum outer diameter of the recessed portion 22 is 10 to 100 mm, and the long side length and short side length of the convex portion 11a are 10 to 100 mm. is 10 to 100 mm, the maximum inner diameter of the annular convex portion 23 is 5 to 95 mm, and the outer diameter of the bottom portion 25 is 1 to 90 mm. Further, the uneven portion 20 makes the arcuate convex portion 23a have a height difference (height) of the flat plate portion 6 from the sheet upper surface 3a of 3 to 10 mm, preferably 5 mm. Further, the recessed portion 22 has a height difference (height) of the flat plate portion 6 from the seat lower surface 3b of 5 to 10 mm, preferably 8 mm. The distance between adjacent concave and convex portions 20 is 5 to 20 mm at the point where the outer shapes are closest to each other. In the case of the annular convex portion 11d, the height of the outer ring _11d1 is the same as that of the convex portion, and the inner bottom is 1 to 2 mm higher than the seat top surface 3a.

When the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 is made of resin and has a thickness and diameter within this range, a plurality of uneven portions 20 arranged at regular intervals are formed in the thickness direction of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2. Coupled with uniformly dispersing the applied load, the non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 exhibits high load-bearing properties such that it will not collapse even if a worker stands on it when installing the waterproof breathable material 1.

The width of the waterproof breathable material 1 (distance from the edge portion 5a to the edge strip portion 4b) is not particularly limited, but should be 100 to 1000 mm so that it can be easily rolled and unrolled. The waterproof breathable material 1 extends in the longitudinal direction to several tens of meters, up to 20 meters, and is wound up into a roll (not shown). Although an example in which the uneven portions 10 and 20 are arranged in five rows is illustrated, the number may be arranged in three to four rows or six to ten rows depending on the width of the waterproof breathable material 1.

On the other hand, when the uneven portion 20 is viewed from the seat lower surface 3b side (back side: indoor side), the unevenness is reversed from the seat upper surface 3a side. That is, the annular convex portion 23 formed by the arcuate convex portions 23a to 23d appears to be recessed from the seat bottom surface 3b toward the seat top surface 3a, and the concave portion 22 appears to protrude from the seat bottom surface 3b. .

All of the plurality of uneven portions 20 have the same size (dimensions).

Each corner of the uneven portion 20 may be rounded inwardly or outwardly.

The bottom portion 25 of the uneven portion 20 contacts the shedding board 40 directly or via the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 on the sheet lower surface 3b side.

When the bottoms 25 of the recesses 22 of the waterproof breathable material 1 come into contact with the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 or the roofing board 40, the area around each recess 22 on the sheet lower surface 3b side is connected to the waterproof breathable material 1. A ventilation section 31 is formed between the waterproof sheet 50 or the roofing board 40.

Although an example is shown in which the uneven portions 20 are oriented in the same direction in each row/row, as shown in FIG. . Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, each example and row may be rotated by 45 degrees on a plane. The uneven portions 20 may be provided randomly (not shown).

Note that the roofing material 30 is not limited to a metal roofing material, and may be a slate roofing material, which may be slate defined in JIS A5423 (2013), for example. Slate roofing material is manufactured by compacting cement and drying it. Slate roofing materials tend to crack when they repeatedly absorb moisture and dry out. When a slate roofing material is roofed using the waterproof ventilation material 1 or the waterproof ventilation building material 100 of the present invention as a roof base, water vapor and moisture generated inside the wooden house 60 will not reach the slate roofing material due to the waterproof ventilation material 1. Slate roofing materials do not absorb water due to condensation during the dry season (winter on the Pacific Ocean side, summer on the Sea of Japan side). This prevents the slate roofing material from repeatedly absorbing water and drying out, thereby preventing it from cracking.

On the other hand, although the waterproof ventilation material 1 and the waterproof ventilation building material 100 have been described in terms of an example of constructing a roof, they can also be used in constructing a wall.

The waterproof ventilation material 1 and the waterproof ventilation building material 100 can also be used as a base for the outer wall 62 by being fixed so as to cover the wall board 62a. In this case, the outer wall 62 is formed by constructing the lath 62b, mortar 62c, and coating film 62d on the waterproof ventilation material 1. Even when the waterproof ventilation material 1 is used for the exterior wall 62, it does not allow rainwater to enter the exterior wall 62 due to its excellent fastening hole water-stopping properties and waterproof properties, just as it is used for the base of the roof 61. 31 prevents condensation from occurring. This prevents the wood that forms the frame of the wooden house 60, such as the floorboards 40 and wall boards 62a, from rotting due to rainwater infiltration or dew condensation.

Although an example has been given in which the concave portion 22 of the uneven portion 20 is shaped like a truncated cone, it may be shaped like a truncated polygonal pyramid. Specific examples of the polygonal pyramid include a triangular pyramid, a square pyramid, a pentagonal pyramid, a hexagonal pyramid, a heptagonal pyramid, and an octagonal pyramid.

The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 may be, for example, a sheet made of a resin non-woven fabric having pores that are permeable to water vapor particles with a diameter on the order of nanometers but not permeable to rainwater with a diameter on the order of several hundred μm to several mm, or such a sheet. Examples include multilayer sheets in which resin nonwoven fabrics are laminated on both sides or one side of a porous film having pores with an adhesive layer interposed therebetween. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet has moisture permeability, waterproofness, and water-stopping properties that meet the regulations of JIS A6111 (2016). The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 is made of synthetic polymer sheets such as polyolefin sheets such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride; polyurethane sheets; polyvinyl butyral sheets; thermoplastic elastomer sheets; ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, vinyl acetate homopolymers, and their like. Examples include polyvinyl acetate sheets such as partially or fully hydrolyzed polymers; rubber sheets such as vulcanized rubber and non-vulcanized rubber; and asphalt-based sheets include asphalt roofing felt. It is preferable that the synthetic polymer sheet conforms to JIS A6008:2002 synthetic polymer roofing sheet, and the asphalt sheet conforms to JIS A 6013:2005 modified asphalt roofing sheet.

Examples of moisture-permeable waterproof sheets that meet the above regulations include Roof Airtex and Super Airtex KD (manufactured by Fukubi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.; ``Airtex'', ``Roof Airtex'', and ``Super Airtex'' are registered trademarks of Fukubi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). ), Lamitect Hi・S (manufactured by Seiren Co., Ltd., "Lamitect" is a registered trademark of Seiren Co., Ltd.), Tyvek (manufactured by DuPont, "Tyvek" is a registered trademark of DuPont), and East Roof Silver (manufactured by Nagai Co., Ltd.) , "Yeast" is a registered trademark of Nagai Co., Ltd.) available on the market. Alternatively, a laminate in which a metal membrane material and/or a resin membrane and a nonwoven fabric are adhered and bonded, preferably a polyethylene resin film coated with aluminum, has the above-mentioned holes made and is bonded to a polyethylene nonwoven fabric by heat fusion or adhesive. It may be a laminate.

As shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 8, examples of the waterproof breathable material 1 in which the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 is a single member made of resin are shown; A base material 3 having recessed portions scattered on the lower surface of the sheet and, if necessary, non-slip convex portions protruding from the upper surface of the sheet between the openings and also serving as a support; It may also be a composite member having an anti-slip layer 27 applied to the top surface of the sheet.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 8, the waterproof breathable material 1 is provided with openings on the upper surface of the sheet and recessed portions 22 scattered on the lower surface of the sheet. The base material 3 has the annular convex parts 11a, 11c, 11d or the annular convex part 23 provided on the upper surface of the sheet, and the annular convex parts 11a, 11c, 11d or the annular convex parts 23 are provided on the upper surface of the sheet of the base material 3, although not shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 8. The non-slip layer 27 that covers all of these convex portions may be a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2.

As another specific example, as shown in FIG. 9(a), the waterproof breathable material 1 has an opening on the upper surface of the sheet, and is provided with concave portions 22 scattered on the lower surface of the sheet, but convex on the upper surface of the sheet. The non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 may include a base material 3 having no part and a non-slip layer 27 attached to the upper surface of the base material 3 and covering all these convex parts. As shown in Figure (b), when the waterproof breathable material 1 is driven with a nail, staple, tacker, needle, rivet, split rivet, or hook, the elasticity of the waterproof breathable material 1 is higher than that of the relatively hard base material 3. The soft and elastic anti-slip layer 27 provides excellent water-stopping properties.

This anti-slip layer 27 may be attached to the upper surface of the sheet of the base material 3 at the flat plate portion with an adhesive or double-sided tape, or it may be firmly adhered with an adhesive to the non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2. It may also be something that does. The anti-slip layer 27 may be welded to the base material 3 by heat fusion, heat fusion, high frequency welding, ultrasonic welding, or laser welding to form the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2. You can. The anti-slip layer 27 may be simultaneously formed with the base material 3 by multi-layer integral molding to form the non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2.

As yet another specific example, as shown in FIG. 10, the waterproof breathable material 1 has a concave portion 22 with a large number of wavy rows arranged therein due to the wavy base material 3 that also serves as a support. The moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 may include a non-slip portion, which is a non-slip layer, which is joined by contacting at the crests of the ridges formed between the recessed portions 22 .

As shown in FIG. 10(a), the concave portion 22, which is a row of corrugations, is formed by bending the raw material of the base material 3 by a press roll method or a belt press method so that the rows of corrugations are continuously lined up. The material may be corrugated to form a corrugated corrugated portion.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3(b), the base material 3 is formed by a press roll method or a belt press method so that the base material 3 becomes a pleated folded portion in which the wavy rows are continuously lined up and bent. It may be pleated.

Figures (a) and (b) show an example using a base material 3 made of non-mesh fabric, but as shown in Figure (c), a concave portion 22 that is corrugated or pleated is formed. The corrugated rows may be formed on the entire mesh base material 3 having a mesh shape or a dot punched shape.

In the waterproof breathable material 1 as shown in FIGS. 3(a) to 3(c), the ridge tops of the concave portions 22, which are the wavy rows of the base material 3, and the anti-slip layer 27 are attached with adhesive or double-sided tape. Alternatively, it may be firmly bonded with an adhesive to form the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2. The anti-slip layer 27 may be welded to the base material 3 by heat fusion, heat fusion, high frequency welding, ultrasonic welding, or laser welding to form the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2. You can. The anti-slip layer 27 may be simultaneously formed with the base material 3 by multi-layer integral molding to form the non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2.

Examples to which the present invention is applied will be shown below.

(Example 1)
From polypropylene (PP) resin substrate materials with thicknesses of 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.7 mm, and 1.0 mm, waterproof breathable material 1 as shown in Figure 5-1 is made as follows. Created. While heating this substrate raw material at 230° C., a recess 22 with an opening diameter of 18 mm and a bottom diameter of 8 mm is formed on the top surface of the base material sheet while being recessed from the sheet lower surface 3b by a depth of 8 mm, and the recessed portion. In the waterproof breathable material 1 protruding from the top surface of the base sheet so as to surround 22, the top surface side of the base sheet has an outer diameter of 30 mm, an inner diameter of 22 mm, intermittent parts are spaced at 5 mm intervals, and heights of 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm. The pressure is reduced in a vacuum forming mold having an annular convex portion 23 and an uneven portion 20 with an interval of 5 mm, steps 5b and 4a, and a distance of 1000 mm from the edge of the edge portion 5a to the edge of the edge band portion 4b. Meanwhile, a waterproof breathable material 1 consisting of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 having a length of 15 m in the longitudinal direction (LL') was molded and wound into a roll.
From this roll, the waterproof ventilation material 1 is rolled out, and combined with a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 made of a polyethylene nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 0.8 mm and a basis weight of 180 g/m ² coated with a 30 μm thick porous polyethylene film and laminated. A total of 12 types of prototypes of the waterproof and ventilated building material 100 of Example 1 were created, including four types of substrate material thicknesses and three types of annular convex heights, and used for construction of roofs and walls.

(Comparative example 1)
In Example 1, prototypes of comparative building materials with four different thicknesses of the substrate material were created in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the annular convex portion 23 was not included, and the prototypes were used for construction of roofs and walls. provided.

(Non-slip confirmation test)
Regarding the prototype of the waterproof and ventilated building material 100 obtained in Example 1 and the prototype of the building material obtained in Comparative Example 1, a 1-sun slope (a slope where the height is 1 with respect to the base 10: angle θ = approximately 5.7° ), 3-dimensional slope (gradient where the height is 3 with respect to the base 10: angle θ = approximately 16.7°), 5-dimensional slope (gradient where the height is 5 with respect to the base 10: angle θ = approximately 26.5°) ), and a false roof with a slope of 6 inches (slope of height 6 relative to base 10: angle θ = approximately 31°), and an adult male with a standard weight of approximately 70 kg stepped on it wearing safety shoes while installing the roof. However, the items were evaluated on a three-point scale: ○ if the anti-slip effect was effective and the item did not slip, △ if the anti-slip item was effective but was slippery, and × if the item was slippery. The results are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from Table 1, as in the results of Example 1, when the thickness of the base material is as thin as 0.3 mm, even with a 3-dimensional slope, unless the height of the annular convex part is 1 mm or more, it will slip. Even on a 5-inch slope, it slipped unless the height of the annular protrusion was 3 mm or more. This is because if the thickness of the base material is too thin, the ring-shaped protrusion will easily collapse when stepped on when the slope is gentle, preventing it from slipping, but on the other hand, if the slope is too steep, the ring-shaped protrusion will collapse too much when stepped on. This seems to be because it is difficult to prevent slipping.
When the thickness of the base material was relatively thick at 0.5 mm, it became non-slip at any practical slope from 1 inch to 6 inch. This is because the base material had a certain thickness, so that even if the annular convex part was slightly crushed, it did not collapse too much, so it functioned sufficiently as a non-slip.
When the thickness of the base material became even thicker, from 0.7 mm to 1 mm, the lower the height of the annular convex part on the 5-inch and 6-inch slopes, the more it slipped. This is because if the thickness of the base material is too thick, the annular convex portion will be difficult to collapse when stepped on, making it difficult to function as an anti-slip material.
On the other hand, when the height of the annular convex portion was 0 mm, the inclination was too gentle and could barely prevent slipping at a slope of 1 inch, but it could no longer prevent slipping at a slope of 3 inches or more.

(Example 2)
A layer of 30 μm styrene butadiene (SBR) rubber is hot-melted to prevent slipping on each polypropylene (PP) resin sheet with a thickness of 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.7 mm, and 1.0 mm. A waterproof breathable material 1 as shown in FIG. 9 was molded in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the material was used as the substrate raw material and the annular convex portion was not formed, and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet was formed. In combination with 50, prototypes of the waterproof and ventilated building material 100 of Example 2 were created using four different thicknesses of substrate raw materials, and used for construction of roofs and walls. The waterproof and breathable building material 100 obtained in Example 2 was tested in the same manner as the anti-slip test in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative example 2)
A prototype building material of Comparative Example 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, except that styrene butadiene (SBR) rubber was not applied, and used for construction of roofs and walls. The building material obtained in Comparative Example 2 was tested in the same manner as the anti-slip test in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.

As is clear from Table 1, as in the results of Example 2, regardless of whether the thickness of the base material is 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, the thickness of the layered styrene-butadiene rubber can be applied to a slope of 1 dimension to 6 dimensions. The anti-slip effect was excellent even on slopes.
On the other hand, as in Comparative Example 2, when the base material does not have a layered styrene-butadiene rubber, the base material is flat and slippery regardless of the thickness of the base material from 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm. Since the surface of the material does not have any anti-slip properties, I barely managed to slip on a gentle slope of 1 inch, but I did slip on a slope of 3 inch or more.

The waterproof ventilation material and waterproof ventilation building material of the present invention are used for the base of roofs and outer walls of houses.

1 is a waterproof breathable material, 2 is a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet, 3 is a base material, 5a is an edge part, 5b is a step, 4b is an edge band edge, 4a is a step, 3a is a sheet upper surface, 3b is a sheet lower surface, 6 is a flat plate part, 10 is an uneven part, 11a, 11a ₁ to 11a ₁₀ , 11a ₁₁ , 11a _11' , 11b ₁₁ , 11b _11' , 11a ₁₂ , 11b _12' , 11b ₁₂ , 11b _12' is a convex part ( 11c is a gap, 11d is a convex part (annular convex part), _11d1 is an outer ring, _11d2 is an inner bottom of the outer ring, 12 and 22 are openings, 15 is a bottom, 20 is an uneven part, 21 is a 22 is a concave portion, 23 is an annular convex portion, 23a to 23d are arcuate convex portions, 23a ₁ is a slope on the side of the gap, 23a ₂ is an inside slope, 23a ₃ is a slope on the side of the gap, 23a ₄ is the outer slope, 23a ₅ is the top surface, 24 is the annular intermittent part, 24a to 24d are the intermittent parts, 25 is the bottom part, 27 is the anti-slip layer, 30 is the nail, 31 is the ventilation part, 32 is the void part, 40 is the Field board, 50 is a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, 60 is a wooden house, 61 is a roof, 61a is a crosspiece, 62 is an outer wall, 62a is a wall board, 62b is a lath, 62c is a mortar, 62d is a painted film, 63 is an eaves, 64 is the ridge, 70 is the roofing material, 80 is the nail, 100 is the waterproof and ventilated building material, LL' is the longitudinal direction, and AA' is the arrow direction.

The waterproof breathable material made to achieve the above object has openings on the upper surface of the base sheet, recesses that are scattered and/or lined up on the lower surface of the sheet, and recesses between the openings. At least one non-slip protrusion selected from a non-annular protrusion and/or an annular protrusion protruding from the upper surface of the sheet , and an annular protrusion surrounding the opening and protruding from the upper surface of the sheet, between the non-slip protrusions. The sheet is made of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet made of resin and/or rubber and has a non-slip part, and the convex part has deformation recovery property or deformation non-recovery property, and , the recessed portion has a strength that will not collapse, and the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet is flexible enough to be rolled up into a roll .

In this waterproof breathable material, the anti-slip portion may include an anti-slip convex portion and an anti-slip layer attached to the upper surface of the sheet .

In this waterproof breathable material, the annular convex portion may be continuous or intermittent , and may be an outer ring of the crater- shaped concave portion .

The waterproof breathable material may have a thickness of 2 mm to 6 mm at the thinnest portion of the concavo-convex portion consisting of the concave portion and the convex portion .

Claims (23)

recessed portions having openings on the upper surface of the sheet of the base material and being scattered and/or arranged in rows on the lower surface of the sheet;
at least one non-slip protrusion selected from a non-annular protrusion and an annular protrusion protruding from the upper surface of the sheet between the openings, and an annular protrusion surrounding the opening and protruding from the upper surface of the sheet; and/or a non-slip portion having an anti-slip layer attached to the upper surface of the sheet. . The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the convex portions are arranged on the flat plate portion of the base material between vertical rows and/or between horizontal rows of the recessed portions. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion has deformation recovery property or deformation non-recovery property. The non-annular convex portion has at least any shape selected from a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, a truncated polygonal pyramid, a hemisphere, a spherical arc, a polygonal cylinder, a cross-shaped solid, and an X-shaped solid. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the plurality of non-ring-shaped convex portions is arranged between a convex row parallel to the column direction and spaced apart from each other between the vertical rows of the recessed portions, and a gap between adjacent convex portions within the convex row. and a pair of convex portions arranged in parallel in the row direction of the concave portions; consisting of a first pair of protrusions arranged with a gap in the diagonal direction, and a second pair of protrusions arranged in another diagonal direction in the column direction while sandwiching the gap in the first pair of protrusions. The waterproof ventilation material according to claim 2, characterized in that it has an intermittent X-shaped unit. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, wherein the annular convex portion is a continuous or intermittent crater-shaped outer ring. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 6, wherein the inner side of the outer ring is shallower than the outer side. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, wherein the top surface of the convex portion is inclined with respect to the top surface of the sheet. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, wherein the annular convex portions are intermittent. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 9, wherein the annular convex portions are arranged intermittently in two to eight pieces. 2. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of rows of concavo-convex portions each consisting of the concave portion and the convex portion are arranged in a plurality of rows. A plurality of annular protrusion rows each consisting of a plurality of the uneven parts in which the annular protrusions are intermittent are lined up,
The intermittent directions of the annular protrusions of the adjacent uneven parts in the rows are shifted from each other, and/or the intermittent directions of the annular protrusions of the uneven parts between the adjacent rows are shifted from each other. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 11. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 11, wherein the recessed portions or the recessed portions and the convex portions are arranged randomly or evenly. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, wherein the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet is flexible and can be wound into a roll. The base material is made of the resin selected from polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polycarbonate resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, wherein the recessed portion or the recessed portion and the protrusion are formed by molding from a plate-like raw material. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, wherein the recessed portion is provided with a moisture drain hole. The layer is a foam layer, a membrane layer, or a laminate layer of at least one selected from polyethylene resin, butyral resin, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, chloroprene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, wherein the layer is attached, adhered, welded, and integrally molded on the upper surface of the sheet of the base material. The waterproof breathable material according to claim 1, wherein the recessed portion is formed of a corrugated corrugated portion of a non-mesh fabric or a mesh fabric, or a pleated folded portion of a non-mesh fabric or a mesh fabric. A waterproof and breathable building material, characterized in that a moisture permeable waterproof sheet is provided on the lower surface side of the waterproof and breathable material according to claim 1. The plurality of waterproof breathable materials are
The convex portions are connected by a nested fit, and/or the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheets are attached to each other with tape, adhered with adhesive, and staples, tackers, needles, nails, rivets, and split rivets. 22. The waterproof and ventilated building material according to claim 21, wherein the waterproof and ventilated building material is connected by being driven with a hook, screwed together with a bolt and nut, or a screw, or connected with a connector. 22. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is at least one selected from a polyolefin sheet, a polyurethane sheet, a polyvinyl butyral sheet, a thermoplastic elastomer sheet, a polyvinyl acetate sheet, a rubber sheet, and an asphalt roofing felt. Waterproof and ventilated building materials.

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