JP7428997B1 - waterproof ventilation building materials - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] In addition to having high retaining hole water-stopping properties, by quickly eliminating dew condensation that occurs on field boards and wall boards, the wood that makes up wooden structures such as field boards and wall boards will not rot and slip. To provide a waterproof and ventilated building material that is hard to slip due to stoppers and can be easily laid on roof boards, etc. A waterproof and breathable building material 100 has a concave portion 22 having an opening on the top surface of a sheet of a base material 3, and a non-circular convex portion 11a and/or a circular convex portion 11d protruding from the top surface of the sheet. A waterproof breathable material 1 made of a non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 with a non-slip part made of water, and a moisture permeable nonwoven fabric layer 52 made of a moisture permeable waterproof resin film 52c and a nonwoven layer 52d, or a spunbond nonwoven layer. A moisture permeable non-woven fabric layer 52 consisting of 52a and 52b is covered with a metal foil layer 51 with moisture permeable pores 55 on the upper side and attached with a moisture permeable adhesive layer 53 on the lower side. and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 to be placed between the flooring board 40 and the roof board 40. [Selection diagram] Figure 1-1

Description

The present invention relates to waterproof and breathable building materials used for construction of roofs and walls.

In wooden buildings such as wooden houses, waterproof asphalt-containing sheets and polyolefin sheets are used as roof and wall bases to prevent rainwater from entering and rotting the wood that forms the structure. It is laid on the roof boards and wall boards that make up the roof. These base sheets are stored rolled up.

When laying the base sheet on a roof board or the like, the base sheet is unwound from a roll and cut into a desired length. Rolling out, cutting, and laying are repeated in sequence so as to cover all the roofing boards, etc. The edges of the base sheets are arranged with a slight overlap so that no gaps are formed between the sheets to prevent rainwater from entering. As a result, the entire field board is covered with the base sheet without any gaps. The base sheet is fixed to the roofing board or the like using fasteners such as nails or staples. Therefore, these base sheets are required to have not only waterproof properties that prevent rainwater from penetrating, but also waterproof properties that prevent rainwater from leaking through the fixing holes of nails or staples even when nails or staples penetrate through them. Examples of such base sheets include asphalt sheets and moisture-permeable waterproof sheets.

As an asphalt sheet, for example, Patent Document 1 describes a modified asphalt roofing in which a sand grain layer, an asphalt layer, a base material layer, an asphalt-based self-adhesive layer, and a thermoplastic synthetic resin film layer are laminated. According to such an asphalt sheet, since the asphalt, which is highly flexible and elastic, adheres closely to the nails and staples passing through it, it exhibits high water-stopping properties for fastening holes. Here, condensation occurs on the roof boards and wallboards due to water vapor and humidity generated during human breathing, heating, bathing, and cooking inside the wooden house, causing the wood that forms the frame of the wooden house to rot. It has been known. Although the asphalt sheet has high waterproofness and retaining hole watertightness, it does not have sufficient moisture permeability, so that the condensation that occurs between the asphalt-impregnated nonwoven sheet and the roofing board etc. cannot be eliminated. This condensation causes the roof boards to rot.

On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses that continuous filaments are formed by irregularly intersecting a sheet for building materials, which is a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet in which a metal membrane material having pores of 100 to 2000 μm and a nonwoven fabric are integrated through an adhesive. A composite material for building materials with a three-dimensional network is described. This composite material for building materials has both moisture permeability and waterproofness by integrating a moisture permeable non-woven fabric and a metal membrane material with a pore size within a certain range so that it does not allow rainwater to pass through, but allows water vapor and moisture to pass through. At the same time, the three-dimensional mesh forms a ventilation area between the building material sheet material and the roofing material such as roofing boards or tiles, promoting ventilation and suppressing the accumulation of water vapor and moisture, thereby reducing condensation caused by condensation. This effectively prevents the rot of field boards, etc.

When the nails used for fixing to roof boards or wall boards penetrate the building material sheet, holes are created there. In the building material sheet of Patent Document 2, the metal membrane material has poor flexibility and elasticity, and the nonwoven fabric has many voids connected in the thickness direction to provide moisture permeability. Therefore, a gap is created between the nail and the building material sheet, which is simply a combination of a metal membrane material and a nonwoven fabric with an adhesive. As a result, rainwater may infiltrate through the gaps, so this sheet for building materials has poor nail hole water-stopping properties. On the other hand, if a sheet for building materials is made of a nonwoven fabric that does not have continuous voids or has increased thickness to provide sufficient nail hole water-stopping properties, the moisture permeability will be impaired or reduced. In this case, it becomes difficult for water vapor or moisture, which is dew condensation generated on the sheathing board, to permeate through the nonwoven fabric and reach the three-dimensional network, making it impossible to prevent the shedding board from decaying due to dew condensation.

In addition, when this composite material for building materials, which is a sheet for building materials with a three-dimensional mesh attached, is laid on a field board, etc., due to the three-dimensional mesh, it is not possible to lay the composite material for building materials with the ends stacked on top of each other. . Therefore, in order to overlap the ends of the building composite materials so that no gaps are formed between them, the three-dimensional network existing at the ends of the building composite materials must be cut or removed each time. This complicates the installation work.

Furthermore, when these sheets for construction materials are applied to a roof, particularly a sloped roof such as a gable roof, there is a problem in that the exposed upper surface is flat, making it easy for the sheet to slip or fall while walking.

In the patent application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-131216: Patent Document 3), the present applicants have disclosed that the base material has recesses that have openings on the upper surface of the sheet and are scattered and/or arranged in rows on the lower surface of the sheet. , at least one selected from a non-circular convex portion and/or an annular convex portion protruding from the upper surface of the sheet between the openings, and an annular convex portion surrounding the opening and protruding from the upper surface of the sheet. The sheet is made of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet made of resin and/or rubber and has a non-slip part having a non-slip convex part, and the convex part has deformation recovery property or deformation non-recovery property. A patent has already been granted for a waterproof breathable material in which the recessed portion has strength to prevent crushing, and the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet is flexible enough to be rolled up. It has become.
Waterproof ventilation materials have excellent waterproof properties because they contain a non-permeable tarpaulin sheet, and prevent water leakage from the roof and exterior walls.They also absorb water vapor and moisture generated inside the house into the recesses of the non-permeable tarpaulin sheet. This allows water to be discharged from the indoor side to the outdoors through the air vents, which are the gaps between the walls, to prevent condensation from forming on the roof boards and wall boards, and to prevent water from accumulating in the recesses. It is.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-336266 JP2013-76210A Patent application 2022-131216

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has a high retaining hole water-stopping property, and quickly eliminates dew condensation that occurs on roof boards and wall boards. A waterproof and breathable material that does not rot the wood that makes up wooden buildings and is non-slip, and can be easily applied to the entire surface of roof boards, etc., and has moisture permeability that allows moisture to pass through, but it is also windproof. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waterproof and breathable building material comprising a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet that does not allow liquid moisture such as water droplets to pass through.

The waterproof and ventilated building material made to achieve the above object has openings on the upper surface of the base sheet, recesses scattered and/or arranged in rows on the lower surface of the sheet, and recesses between the openings. At least one non-slip protrusion selected from a non-annular protrusion and/or an annular protrusion protruding from the upper surface of the sheet, and an annular protrusion surrounding the opening and protruding from the upper surface of the sheet, between the non-slip protrusions. The sheet is made of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet made of resin and/or rubber and has a non-slip part, and the convex part has deformation recovery property or deformation non-recovery property, and , the recessed portion has a strength that does not collapse, and the non-permeable waterproof sheet is made of a flexible waterproof breathable material that can be rolled up into a roll, a moisture permeable waterproof resin film, and a nonwoven fabric. A moisture permeable nonwoven fabric layer or a moisture permeable nonwoven fabric layer made of spunbond nonwoven fabric is covered with a metal foil layer with moisture permeable pores on the upper side and attached with a moisture permeable adhesive layer on the lower side. It is characterized by comprising a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet to be placed between the waterproof breathable material and the roof board.

This waterproof and breathable building material includes, for example, in the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, the nonwoven fabric layer includes the moisture-permeable waterproof resin film made of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, or polypropylene, and polyamide (nylon) fiber, rayon fiber, or polyester fiber. , polyolefin fiber (polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber) , acrylic resin, vinylon fiber, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide, rayon, polyester, acrylic resin, vinylon resin, and aramid resin. or made of polyamide (nylon) fiber, rayon fiber, polyester fiber, polyolefin fiber (polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber) , acrylic resin, vinylon fiber, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide, The spunbond nonwoven fabric is selected from rayon, polyester, acrylic resin, vinylon resin, and aramid resin.

This waterproof and breathable building material allows water vapor particles of about 0.0004 μm to pass through due to the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, but does not allow water vapor particles of about 100 μm to about 2000 μm to pass through.For example, the metal foil layer is made of aluminum. , the moisture permeable pores may have an aperture ratio of 1.2 to 7.0%, and/or an average diameter or voids of 0.5 to 2000 μm, for example 0.5 to 3 μm; It may be 0.2 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, and/or the numerical aperture is 100,000 pieces/m ² or more and 1 million pieces/m ² or less,
The moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer made of the moisture-permeable waterproof resin film and the non-woven fabric has water-impermeable, moisture-permeable gaps, pores and/or fusion formed by non-woven fibers made of a hot-melt adhesive containing a moisture-permeable resin. A nonwoven sheet is fused to both sides of a moisture-permeable adhesive layer having adhesion areas and adhesive properties using the hot-melt adhesive at some of the fusion areas of the moisture-permeable adhesive layer. ,
The spunbond nonwoven fabric has a fiber diameter of 1.5 denier or more and 4 denier or less,
The adhesive layer is attached onto the nonwoven fabric fibers exposed on the lower surface side without blocking the voids in the nonwoven fabric layer, and has a basis weight of 30 to 75 g/m ² .

A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet for construction of waterproof and breathable building materials, which has been developed to achieve the above object, has a moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer made of a moisture-permeable waterproof resin film and a non-woven fabric, or a moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer made of a spunbond non-woven fabric. , whose upper surface is covered with a metal foil layer with permeable pores and whose lower surface is covered with a moisture-permeable adhesive layer, and is disposed between the waterproof and breathable building material and the roofing board. It is characterized by being for.

In this waterproof breathable building material, for example, a plurality of the convex portions are arranged between vertical rows and/or horizontal rows of the recessed portions on the flat plate portion of the base material.

In this waterproof breathable building material, the anti-slip portion may include a non-slip convex portion and an anti-slip layer attached to the upper surface of the sheet.

In this waterproof ventilation building material, the non-annular convex portion has a rectangular shape, a cylinder shape, an elliptical cylinder shape, a truncated polygonal pyramid shape, a hemispherical shape, a spherical arc shape, a polygonal pillar shape, a cross-shaped three-dimensional shape, and an X-shape. It may have at least any shape selected from three-dimensional shapes.

This waterproof breathable building material includes a convex row in which a plurality of the non-ring-shaped convex portions are arranged parallel to each other at intervals between the vertical rows of the recessed portions, and a convex row of the convex portion an intermittent cross unit consisting of a pair of protrusions arranged in parallel in the row direction of the recessed part with a gap between adjacent protrusions in between, or each of the plurality of non-circular protrusions , a first pair of convex portions arranged with a gap in the diagonal direction of the column direction between the columns of the concave portions, and a pair of convex portions arranged in another diagonal direction in the column direction while sandwiching the gap within the first pair of convex portions; It may have an intermittent X-shaped unit consisting of a pair of second protrusions arranged side by side.

In this waterproof breathable building material, the annular convex portions may be connected or intermittent in the waterproof breathable material, and may be an outer ring of the crater-shaped concave portion.

This waterproof ventilation building material may be one in which the inside of the outer ring is shallower than the outside of the waterproof ventilation material.

This waterproof breathable building material may be one in which the top surface of the convex portion is inclined with respect to the top surface of the sheet.

In this waterproof breathable building material, it is preferable that the annular convex portions are intermittent in the waterproof breathable material.

More preferably, the waterproof breathable building material has two to eight annular protrusions intermittently in the waterproof breathable material.

This waterproof breathable building material may be one in which a plurality of rows of a plurality of concavo-convex portions each consisting of the concave portion and the convex portion are lined up in the waterproof breathable material.

In this waterproof ventilation building material, a plurality of rows each consisting of a plurality of the uneven portions having intermittent annular protrusions are lined up in the waterproof breathable material, and the annular protrusions of the adjacent uneven portions in the rows are arranged in parallel. It is more preferable that the directions of intermittence are shifted from each other, and/or the directions of intermittence of the annular protrusions of the uneven portions between the adjacent rows are shifted from each other.

In this waterproof breathable building material, it is even more preferable that the recessed portions or the recessed portions and the convex portions are arranged randomly or evenly in a row in the waterproof ventilation material.

The waterproof breathable building material may have a thickness of 2 mm to 6 mm at the thinnest portion of the uneven portion consisting of the concave portion and the convex portion.

In this waterproof breathable building material, the base material is polyethylene (PE) resin, polypropylene (PP) resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin, polyamide (PA) resin, polyester (PEs) resin, polystyrene (PS). It is made of a resin selected from resin, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS).

In this waterproof breathable building material, the recessed portion, or the recessed portion and the convex portion, are preferably molded from a plate-shaped raw material.

This waterproof ventilation building material may be one in which a moisture drainage hole is provided in the recessed portion of the waterproof ventilation material.

This waterproof breathable building material has a non-slip layer attached to the waterproof breathable material, such as polyethylene (PE) resin, butyral (vinyl butyral: PVB) resin (poly, butyl rubber (isobutylene-isoprene rubber: IIR), ethylene propylene resin). It is a foam layer, a membrane layer, or a laminate layer of at least one selected from diene (EPDM) rubber, chloroprene (CR) rubber, styrene butadiene (SBR) rubber, and acrylonitrile butadiene (NBR) rubber. .

In this waterproof breathable building material, it is preferable that the anti-slip layer is adhered to, adhered to, welded to, and integrally molded onto the upper surface of the sheet of the base material.

In this waterproof breathable building material, the recessed portion is formed of, for example, a corrugated corrugated portion of a non-mesh fabric or a mesh fabric, or a pleated folded portion of a non-mesh fabric or a mesh fabric.

In this waterproof and breathable building material, the plurality of waterproof and breathable materials are connected by nesting of the convex portions, and/or the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheets are attached to each other with tape and bonded with adhesive. and are connected by being driven with staples, tackers, needles, nails, rivets, split rivets, or hooks, screwed together with bolts and nuts, or screws, or connected with connectors. be.

In this waterproof breathable building material, the nonwoven fabric material in the moisture permeable waterproof sheet is at least one selected from, for example, a polyolefin sheet, a polyurethane sheet, a polyvinyl butyral sheet, a thermoplastic elastomer sheet, a polyvinyl acetate sheet, a rubber sheet, and an asphalt roofing felt. That is.

The waterproof and breathable building material of the present invention has excellent waterproof properties because the waterproof and breathable material is made of a non-permeable tarpaulin sheet, prevents water from leaking from the roof side and the outer wall side, and also prevents water vapor and moisture generated inside the house. The dew is discharged from the indoor side to the outdoors through the ventilation section which is a gap between the recessed parts of the sheet, thereby preventing dew condensation from forming on the floorboards and wallboards. Furthermore, the waterproof breathable building material can prevent water from accumulating in the recesses of the waterproof breathable material, allowing water to drain outdoors. In addition, since waterproof and breathable building materials have a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, they can be easily applied to the entire surface of roof boards, etc., and have moisture permeability and allow moisture to pass through. It achieves the contradictory effect of not allowing moisture, especially water droplets, to pass through, while also being able to be attached to roof boards.

The installation of waterproof and ventilated building materials is carried out by first attaching a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet to the field board, then laying the waterproof and breathable material on top of that and fixing it to the field board with double-sided tape or nails. This allows for easy and quick construction.

Waterproof and breathable building materials have the effect of being waterproof and non-permeable, but breathable, by using a waterproof breathable material and a breathable tarpaulin sheet, as well as being waterproof, windproof (no droplets leakage), and watertight through the fastening holes. They each exhibit the effect of being moist.

In addition, this waterproof breathable building material has non-ring-like protrusions or annular protrusions of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet of the waterproof-breathable material, and/or anti-slip protrusions of various shapes that are annular protrusions, or anti-slip layers. The presence of the base material prevents it from slipping, so when it is installed on a field board, etc., it will not slip even if you step on it and walk on it, allowing you to work safely.

Moreover, this waterproof and breathable building material can be attached with single-sided or double-sided tape by nesting the concave and/or convex parts of the waterproof and breathable material, or by being made of resin and/or rubber. It can be easily bonded with nails, staples, etc., driven with staples, screwed together with bolts and nuts, or connected with connectors, and quickly and easily. They can be easily connected, temporarily assembled to match the shape of the roof and walls of a house, and installed as a roof base or wall base.

Moreover, this waterproof and ventilated building material is made of resin and/or rubber, so that the waterproof and ventilated building material is made of resin and/or rubber. This makes it easy to attach with tape, adhere with adhesive, drive with nails, staples, etc., screw together with bolts and nuts, or connect with connectors, such as staples, bolts, nuts, etc. Even if a hole is made when the parts are connected with a tool, the flexibility of the resin and/or rubber allows the resin and/or rubber to adhere tightly to the hole, thereby exhibiting watertight properties. On the other hand, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet has moisture permeability and air permeability with just non-woven fabric, but is inferior in waterproofness, windproofness, and water-stopping properties through fastening holes. A moisture-permeable adhesive layer is attached to the bottom surface of the non-woven fabric, and by adjusting the amount and range of the adhesive layer, it is waterproof while maintaining the voids in the non-woven fabric and ensuring moisture permeability and air permeability. It has been adjusted to ensure durability, windproofness, and water-tightness through the fastening holes, and to prevent liquid moisture, especially water droplets, from penetrating.

This waterproof and breathable building material satisfies the standards for moisture permeable waterproof sheets (JIS A6111) in terms of moisture permeability, windproofness, waterproofness, and water-stopping properties through fastening holes.

According to this waterproof and breathable building material, the waterproof and breathable material made of a non-permeable tarpaulin sheet prevents water from leaking from outdoors due to its waterproof properties and the water-stopping properties of the fastening holes, and the waterproof and windproof properties of the moisture-permeable tarpaulin sheet and the water-stopping properties of the fastening holes prevent water from leaking from outside. The water-based material prevents water leakage from outdoors while allowing indoor water vapor and moisture to pass through, and prevents condensation by discharging the water vapor and moisture outdoors through the ventilation section, which is the gap between the recesses of the non-permeable waterproof sheet. The synergistic effect of this prevents the roof boards etc. from rotting.

This waterproof and ventilated building material not only can perform the essential functions even if it has a simple structure, with or without a separate non-permeable waterproof membrane or anti-slip membrane, but it can also be manufactured easily, quickly and easily. It can be constructed in

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view, a front cross-sectional view, and left and right side views showing a portion of one form of a waterproof and breathable building material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 1 is a partially taken out bottom view of one form of waterproof and breathable building material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a state in which waterproof and breathable building materials to which the present invention is applied are connected. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a non-circular convex portion of a waterproof breathable material in a waterproof breathable building material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a non-ring-shaped convex portion and an example of a ring-shaped convex portion of a waterproof breathable material in a waterproof breathable building material to which the present invention is applied. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet in waterproof and breathable building materials to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a plan view, a front sectional view, and a left and right side view showing a portion of another form of waterproof and breathable building material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a partially taken out bottom view of another form of waterproof and breathable building material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a partially taken out perspective view of another form of waterproof and breathable building material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a plan view partially taken out of another embodiment of another waterproof and breathable building material to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a plan view partially taken out of another embodiment of another waterproof and breathable building material to which the present invention is applied. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing how to use the waterproof and breathable building material to which the present invention is applied.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

One form of the waterproof and breathable building material 100 of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1-1 and 1-2. The waterproof and ventilated building material 100 of this form has openings 12 on the upper surface of the sheet of the base material, recessed portions 22 scattered on the lower surface of the sheet, and non-contact portions protruding from the upper surface of the sheet between the openings 12. A non-moisture-permeable waterproof waterproof sheet 1 made of resin and having a non-slip portion which is a convex portion consisting of an annular convex portion 11a, and a moisture-permeable melt-blown non-woven layer made of a non-woven fabric sandwiched between a spunbond non-woven layer 52a. 52b, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 covered with a metal foil layer with moisture-permeable pores 55 on the upper side and attached with a moisture-permeable adhesive layer 53 on the lower side (see FIG. 4(b)); It consists of Figure 1-1 (a) is a plan view of a long waterproof and breathable building material 100 taken out by cutting out a part, Figure 1-1 (b) is a front cross-sectional view of it, and Figure 1-1 (c) is 1-2(d) is a right side view of the same, and FIG. 1-2(e) is a bottom view of the same. Note that the rear cross-sectional view is symmetrical with the front cross-sectional view, so it will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 4(a), the waterproof breathable building material 100 is sandwiched between a waterproof breathable material 1 made of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet, a metal foil layer 51 with moisture permeable pores 55, and a spunbond nonwoven layer 52a. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 is made of a moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer 52 which is a spunbond non-woven fabric made of a melt-blown non-woven layer 52b and an adhesive layer 53. It is a roof base material that is fixed to the roof. The waterproof breathable building material 100 is a rollable long object in which both the waterproof breathable material 1 and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 are flexible and extend continuously in the longitudinal direction LL' (vertical direction). That is.

The waterproof breathable material 1 in the waterproof breathable building material 100 has a concave portion recessed toward the bottom surface of the sheet while having an opening 12 on the sheet upper surface 3a in the flat plate portion 6 between the edge band side portion 4b and the edge portion 5a. 22 are arranged in an orderly manner vertically and horizontally. A plurality of same-shaped convex portions 11a, which are non-ring-shaped convex portions protruding from the sheet upper surface 3a, are arranged intermittently at regular intervals between the rows of concave portions lined up in the vertical direction (for convenience, referred to as horizontal rows). It is something. The concave portion 22 and the convex portion 11a constitute the concavo-convex portion 10.

The convex portion 11a has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape that is slightly bulged at the bottom, and is formed along the vertical rows of the recessed portions 22 in the middle of adjacent recessed portions 22 in the horizontal rows of the recessed portions 22. The convex portion 11a is raised in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, so that the inside thereof is hollow.

The convex portion 11a has deformation recovery property or deformation non-recovery property, so that it is non-slip so that it will not slip when stepped on.

The recessed portion 22 protrudes downward from the seat lower surface 3b, has a truncated conical shape whose diameter gradually decreases toward the shedding board 40, and has a bottom portion 15. A moisture drain hole (not shown) may be provided at the bottom 15 of the recessed portion 22 or near the boundary between the bottom 15 and the side surface to prevent moisture from accumulating.

The uneven portion 10 is formed by heat-pressing a moisture-impermeable resin waterproof sheet raw material in a mold for transferring onto the uneven portion 10 .

The moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 in the waterproof breathable building material 100 is made up of a metal foil layer 51 with permeable pores, a moisture permeable nonwoven fabric layer 52 made of spunbond nonwoven fabric, and an adhesive layer 53, which are laminated in this order. Although the nonwoven fabric layer 52 is preferably made of spunbond nonwoven fabric such as polyester (see FIG. 4(a)).

As shown in FIG. 4(b), the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 in the waterproof-breathable building material 100 includes a metal foil layer 51 with moisture-permeable pores 55, a nonwoven layer 52d made of nonwoven fabric, a moisture-permeable waterproof resin film 52c, and The moisture-permeable nonwoven fabric layer 52 and the adhesive layer 53 may be laminated in this order, including another nonwoven layer 52d made of nonwoven fabric, if necessary.

This moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 has gaps, pores, and/or fused portions that are impermeable to water droplets and are moisture-permeable, and are made of nonwoven fibers made of a hot-melt adhesive containing a moisture-permeable resin. A nonwoven sheet is fused to both sides of a moisture permeable adhesive layer having adhesive properties using an agent at a part of the fused portion of the moisture permeable adhesive layer, and the nonwoven fabric has a denier of 0.1 or more 4 denier or less, the nonwoven fabric layer 52b is made of polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide (nylon), and a moisture-permeable waterproof resin film 52c made of polypropylene, such as biaxially oriented polypropylene (OPP), and a moisture-permeable waterproof resin film 52c made of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, or polypropylene. Moisture-permeable waterproof resin film selected from polyamide (nylon) fiber, rayon fiber, polyester fiber, polyolefin fiber (polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, etc.), acrylic resin, vinylon fiber, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide , rayon, polyester, acrylic resin, vinylon resin, and aramid resin.

By mainly adjusting the adhesive layer 53 in the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50, it is possible to balance the contradictory effects of having moisture permeability and allowing moisture to pass through, but having windproof properties and not allowing liquid moisture, especially water droplets, to pass through. be able to. The adhesive layer 53 is attached onto the nonwoven fabric fibers exposed on the lower surface side without blocking the voids of the nonwoven fabric layer 52, and has a basis weight of 20 to 100 g/m ² , preferably 30 to 75 g/m ² , more preferably 30 g/m 2 . By setting the thickness to ~50 g/m ² , the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 can exhibit moisture permeability that allows moisture and water vapor to pass through, while also exhibiting windproof and waterproof properties that do not allow liquid moisture to pass through. It becomes like this.

In the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50, the metal foil layer 51 is made of, for example, aluminum, has a thickness of 5 μm or more and 30 μm or less, and has an aperture ratio of 1. 2% to 7.0%, and the diameter of each moisture permeable pore is preferably 0.5 to 2000 μm, for example 0.5 to 3 μm or 3 μm to 0.2 mm, preferably 0.2 mm. It may be 2.0 mm or more, and is not particularly limited as long as the aperture ratio is within ^the above range, but it is preferably 100,000 to 1 million pieces/m ² , and the thickness is 5.0 to 30 mm. It may be 0 μm or less. Within these ranges, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 can exhibit moisture permeability that allows moisture and water vapor to pass through, and windproof and waterproof properties that do not allow liquid moisture to pass through. If the diameter is below this range, it will be difficult for moisture and water vapor to pass through it, while if it exceeds this range, it will be easy for liquid moisture to pass through.

In the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50, as shown in FIG. 4(a), spunbond nonwoven layers 52a are laminated on both sides of a meltblown nonwoven layer 52b, and the meltblown layer has a density of, for example, 0.26 g/cm. ³ or more and 0.7 g/cm ³ or less, the thickness is 20 μm or more and 60 μm or less, and the constituent fibers are preferably not fused to each other, but may be fused. On the other hand, the thickness of the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a is not particularly limited, but as long as it is within the range of 100 μm or more and 300 μm or less, which is the thickness of the entire nonwoven fabric, it can be adjusted as appropriate according to the thickness of the meltblown nonwoven layer 52b. can. The thickness of the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a is, for example, preferably in the range of 40 μm or more and 140 μm or less per layer. Note that the thickness of the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a may be different on both sides of the meltblown nonwoven layer 52b. Further, the density of the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 g/cm ³ or more and 0.8 g/cm ³ or less.

The nonwoven fabric in the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 is not particularly limited in terms of its overall basis weight, but for example, if a nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 30 g/m ² or more and 120 g/m ² or less is used, the water pressure resistance will be at least 100 cm w. c. Therefore, even a single nonwoven fabric can meet the 100 cmw. c. The above specified values can be satisfied. More preferably, the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is 50 g/m ² or more and 80 g/m ² or less, providing a good balance between moisture permeability, strength, and water pressure resistance.

In the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50, the fibers used in the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a are 1.5 denier or more and 4 denier or less, and the fibers used in the meltblown nonwoven layer 52b are 0.1 denier or more and 0.3 denier or less. More preferred.

When the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a and the meltblown nonwoven layer 52b have fiber diameters, densities, etc. as described above, they exhibit moisture permeability that allows moisture and water vapor to pass through, but also have windproof properties that do not allow liquid moisture to pass through. Can exhibit waterproof properties. If it is below these ranges, it will be difficult for moisture and water vapor to pass through even if the unadhered area and basis weight of the adhesive layer 53 are adjusted; on the other hand, if it exceeds this range, it will be easy for liquid moisture to pass through. Put it away.

In the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50, the spunbond nonwoven layers 52a on both sides of the meltblown nonwoven layer 52b may be of the same type and thickness, or may be of different types and thicknesses.

The nonwoven fabric is at least one selected from polyethylene terephthalate fibers, polybutylene terephthalate fibers, polyamide (nylon) fibers, rayon fibers, polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers (polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, etc.), acrylic resins, vinylon fibers, and aramid fibers. It may also contain seed fibers.

It is sufficient that the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a is laminated on both sides of the meltblown nonwoven layer 52b, and the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a may have a plurality of layers. Specifically, spunbond nonwoven layer - meltblown nonwoven layer - spunbond nonwoven layer (SMS), spunbond nonwoven layer - meltblown nonwoven layer - meltblown nonwoven layer - spunbond nonwoven layer (SMMS), A nonwoven fabric selected from the group consisting of: spunbond nonwoven layer - meltblown nonwoven layer - meltblown nonwoven layer - meltblown nonwoven layer - spunbond nonwoven layer (SMMMS) can be used. More preferably, the nonwoven fabric is SMS (one intermediate melt blown layer (M)), SMMS (two intermediate melt blown layers (M)), or SMMMS (three intermediate melt blown layers (M)). , is preferable because stable performance can be obtained.

In the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50, the spunbond non-woven layer 52a has, for example, water-impermeable, moisture-permeable gaps, pores, and/or fusion bonding made of non-woven fibers made of a hot-melt adhesive containing a moisture-permeable resin. A non-woven sheet is fused to both sides of a moisture-permeable hot-melt adhesive layer having portions 56b and having adhesive properties using a hot-melt adhesive at some fused portions 56b of the moisture-permeable hot-melt adhesive layer. It is. This spunbond nonwoven fabric 52a may be, for example, a laminated sheet consisting of a meltblown nonwoven layer 52b sandwiched between spunbond nonwoven layers 52a. With the spunbond nonwoven fabric 52a and the adhesive layer 53, the melt-blown laminated fibers and the adhesive layer form a gap that allows water vapor to pass through, and are entwined with screw nails and tightly adhere to each other, resulting in excellent moisture permeability and windproof properties. Furthermore, it has a fastening hole water stopping property which is a nail hole water stopping property. The hot melt adhesive has an application amount of, for example, 5 g/m ² or more and 75 g/m ² or less, and the upper limit is preferably 50 g/m ² or less, more preferably 30 g/m 2 ^or less, and even more preferably 20 g/m ² or less. and the lower limit is preferably 5 g/m ² or more.

In the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50, the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a is an aggregate of countless nonwoven fibers 56, as shown in the partially enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 4(a). The nonwoven fibers 56 are formed by spinning a hot melt adhesive containing a moisture permeable resin by a melt blowing method and then crushing the spun fibers with a thermocompression roll (not shown). As a result, the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a has a striated portion 56a in which the nonwoven fibers 56 that maintain the fiber shape are irregularly overlapped or intertwined, and a portion of the nonwoven fiber 56 in which the nonwoven fibers 56 are crushed. It has a fused portion 56b which loses its fiber shape and is fused to each other.

It is preferable that the nonwoven fabric in the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 has numerous micropores. More preferably, these micropores have an average diameter of 0.1 to 0.3 μm. When the composition of the adhesive web is within the above range, water vapor particles with a diameter on the order of nm will pass through it, but rainwater with a diameter on the order of several hundred μm to several mm will not pass through. As a result, the adhesive web can have strong adhesion as well as moisture permeability and waterproof properties.

When the nonwoven fibers 56 in the fused portion 56b are subjected to thermocompression processing, they are crushed and spread in an uncured, softened state, lose their fiber shape in some parts, and are fused together to form a sheet-like form. I am doing it. Therefore, the fused portion 56b existing at the interface between the meltblown nonwoven layer 52b, the bottom side spunbond nonwoven layer 52a serving as the base layer, and the front side spunbond nonwoven layer 52a serving as the surface layer, It is in surface contact with the fibers of both spunbond nonwoven layers 52a and is fused while covering them. As a result, the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a and the meltblown nonwoven layer 52b are firmly fused together, so the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 having the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a has the durability specified in JIS A6111 (2016). Shows windproof and waterproof properties that can withstand water pressure of 8kPa or more.

Moreover, since the melt blown nonwoven layer 52b formed of a hot melt adhesive contains a moisture permeable resin, moisture permeability is not impaired even if the melt blown nonwoven layer 52b has a sheet-like fused portion 56b. Numerous fused portions 56b are scattered throughout the nonwoven fabric layer 52. As a result, the tensile strength and tear strength of the nonwoven fabric layer 52 are much higher than those of an aggregate of fibers that are simply overlapped or intertwined while maintaining the fiber shape.

In the striated portion 56a, the nonwoven fibers 56 overlap and intertwine to form fine gaps and pores therebetween. Furthermore, the filament portion 56a existing at the interface with the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a/meltblown nonwoven layer 52b is attached to the fibers of the spunbond nonwoven layer 52a/52a by the adhesive force of the hot melt adhesive that is the material thereof. They are bonded by making point contact.

The width of the gaps and pores in this striated portion 56a is preferably 10 to 80 μm, more preferably 10 to 50 μm, and even more preferably 10 to 30 μm. As a result, these gaps and pores exhibit waterproof properties by preventing the penetration of, for example, drizzle with a diameter of 100 to 500 μm or raindrops with a diameter of over 500 μm, and water vapor particles and steam with a diameter of nanometer order. It also exhibits moisture permeability.

In addition, when the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 is configured as shown in FIG. It is possible to exhibit windproof and waterproof properties that do not allow liquid moisture to pass through. If the film thickness of the moisture-permeable waterproof resin film 52c and the fiber diameter of the nonwoven layer 52d are below this range, it will be difficult for moisture and water vapor to pass through even if the unattached area and basis weight of the adhesive layer 53 are adjusted. On the other hand, if it exceeds this range, it becomes easy for liquid moisture to pass through. Moreover, since this moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 is laminated with moisture-permeable waterproof films, it also has windproof properties, waterproof properties, and water-stopping properties with fastening holes.

In this way, the waterproof and breathable building material 100 has a moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer 52 consisting of a spunbond non-woven layer 52a and a melt-blown non-woven layer 52b, or a moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer consisting of a moisture-permeable waterproof resin film 52c and a non-woven layer 52d. 52 is covered with a metal foil layer 51 with moisture-permeable pores 55 on the upper side and attached with a moisture-permeable adhesive layer 53 on the lower side, thereby providing excellent windproofness, moisture permeability, and It is windproof, waterproof, and waterproof through nail holes, so it reliably prevents rainwater from entering the house through the roof and walls, and at the same time allows water vapor to pass through the house to prevent condensation. Can be done.

When using the waterproof and ventilated building material 100, it can be easily constructed by having the following configuration.

In the waterproof breathable building material 100, the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 has a release paper 54 attached to an adhesive layer 53 (see FIGS. 4(a) and (b)), and is wound into a roll. While peeling off the release paper 54 at the construction site, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 can be rolled out and easily attached to the roofing board 40. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 is formed by providing a release agent layer on the metal foil layer 51 so as not to block the moisture-permeable pores 55 and then winding it into a roll (not shown). By simply feeding out the sheet 50, it can be easily attached to the flooring board 40 without requiring peeling off the release paper. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheets 50 can be attached to the desired length as long as they are, but in the short direction (perpendicular to the long direction), the short ends of adjacent moisture-permeable waterproof sheets 50 may be overlapped. It will be pasted.

In the waterproof breathable building material 100, the waterproof breathable material 1 made of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 is connected to one side of the longitudinal direction L-L' through a step 5b of approximately the same thickness, and is used as a lug during molding. It has an edge portion 5a to be formed, and an edge band portion 4b which is connected to the other side via a step 4a of approximately the same thickness and is formed as a lug during molding. The mold is made by pressing the raw material of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 made of thermoplastic resin by sandwiching it between a male mold and a female mold having cavities corresponding to the concave portions 22 and the uneven portions 10 under heating. The moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 may be formed by processing the raw material of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 made of thermoplastic resin into a mold having cavities corresponding to the recessed portions 22 and the uneven portions 10. The non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 may be formed by sandwiching it between molds under heating and vacuum suction so as to bring it into close contact with the mold under heating.

When installing these plurality of waterproof ventilation materials 1 on a roof by partially overlapping each other, the end row of the uneven portions 20 near the edge portion 5a of the waterproof ventilation material 1 and the edge band of another waterproof ventilation material The concavo-convex portions 20 may fit or interlock with each other at the end row near the side portion 4b.

As shown in FIG. 1-1(b), a waterproof breathable building material 100 is obtained by providing a moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 on the lower surface side of the waterproof breathable material 1.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1-1(b), the waterproof and breathable building material 100 is constructed by pasting a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 on a field board 40, and then attaching a plurality of waterproof and breathable materials 1 having the same configuration and shape on top of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50. are connected together and laid as a waterproof and ventilated building material 100, and the waterproof and ventilated material 1 and the moisture proof sheet 50 are fixed to the roof board 40 with nails 80. The waterproof ventilation material 1 is constructed and functions as follows.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1-3, the edge portion 5a of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 and the edge portion 4b of another non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 are overlapped to form a waterproof breathable building material. 100 is installed on the roof board 40 directly or via a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50. At this time, a plurality of waterproof breathable materials 1 are connected by nested fitting of the convex portions, and/or non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheets are attached with tape, adhered with adhesive, stapled, Drive with a driving tool such as a tacker, needle, nail, rivet, split rivet, or hook; screwed together with a screw fitting such as a bolt and nut; or a connection such as a wire or string. They are connected by being joined by a fitting.

In the waterproof breathable building material 100, the waterproof breathable material 1 and its connected bodies constituting the waterproof breathable building material 100 are arranged such that the bottom 15 of the concave portion 22 is directly or via the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 on the lower surface side 3b of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2. It is in contact with the field board 40. A ventilation section 31 is formed around the outer shape of the plurality of recesses 22 between the lower surface 3b of the waterproof ventilation material 1 or its connected body and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 or the roofing board 40. The ventilation section 31 communicates with the outside world from the edge portion 5a and the edge band portion 4b along the longitudinal direction of the non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2, and from the cut end of the non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 in the longitudinal direction. There is.

Water vapor and moisture generated inside the wooden house 60 (see FIG. 9) and transmitted through the sheathing board 40 pass through the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 and reach the lower surface 3b of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2, which is the waterproof ventilation material 1. The air is discharged from inside the wooden house 60 to the outside world through this ventilation section 31. As a result, water vapor and moisture do not stay in the ventilation section 31, so that dew condensation on the sheathing board 40 is suppressed. Even if some of the water vapor or moisture condenses, it gradually evaporates and is released to the outside world.

On the other hand, in the waterproof ventilation material 1 and its connected body constituting the waterproof ventilation building material 100, the convex portions 11a of the uneven portions 10 protrude upward on the sheet upper surface 3a side of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2. , an edge portion 5a and an end band portion 4b along the longitudinal direction of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2, and a cut end portion of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 in the longitudinal direction communicate with the outside world.

On the back side of the roofing material 70 in the wooden house 60 (see FIG. 9), water vapor and moisture permeate through the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 and are absorbed on the sheet upper surface 3a side of the non-breathable waterproof sheet 2, which is the waterproof ventilation material 1. , is discharged from inside the wooden house 60 to the outside world through the ventilation section 31. Even if some of the water vapor or moisture condenses and adheres to the top surface 3a of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2, which is the waterproof breathable material 1, or accumulates slightly in the recesses 22, it will gradually vaporize and be released to the outside world. Ru.

Therefore, according to the waterproof breathable material 1 using the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2, the air permeability is good on the sheet upper surface 3a side and the sheet lower surface 3b side, and dew condensation is difficult to remain, so that condensed water flows onto the roof board 40. It does not drip down, it is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of condensation on the sheathing board 40, and not only the shedding board 40 is not rotted, but also the crosspieces 61a and the roofing material 70 are not rotted. In addition, the staples, nails 80, etc. that fix the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2, which is the waterproof breathable material 1, are not corroded.

Nails 80 for fixing the waterproof ventilation building material 100 to the roofing board 40 penetrate the waterproof ventilation material 1. The nail 80 has a sharp tip, a body, and a head whose diameter is larger than the body. The non-moisture permeable waterproof sheet 2, which is the waterproof breathable material 1, has a thickness and an elongation rate within the above ranges, so that it has sufficient strength, flexibility, and elasticity. As a result, even if a hole is formed by the nail 80 passing through the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2, the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 adheres closely to the body of the nail 80 and does not form a gap therebetween. As a result, the waterproof breathable material 1 exhibits high windproof properties, waterproof properties, and water-stopping properties through fastening holes, and prevents moisture from penetrating into the roof board 40.

According to the waterproof and breathable building material 100, the plurality of waterproof and breathable materials 1 overlap the edge portions 5a of the non-permeable waterproof sheets 2 and the edge portions 4b of other non-permeable waterproof sheets 2. Even if rainwater leaks from the roof material 70, it cannot enter the room from the upper surface 3a side of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 due to the presence of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2. Further, even if indoor water vapor or moisture enters from the lower surface 3b of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2, it can be released to the outside world due to the presence of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2, so that no dew condensation occurs.

Furthermore, according to the waterproof and breathable building material 100, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 has windproof, waterproof, and water-stopping properties due to the metal foil layer 51 with moisture-permeable pores, the nonwoven fabric layer 52, and the adhesive layer 53. This exhibits moisture permeability, and allows indoor moisture and water vapor to be released to the outside world without allowing moisture to enter the roof board 40 from the outside world.

This waterproof and breathable building material 100 is laid on the sheathing board 40 in the following manner, for example, when constructing a roof. The operator takes out the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 from the rolled roll and attaches it to the roofing board 40 so as to cover the entire surface thereof. Next, the roll of waterproof ventilation material 1 is rolled out and placed from the eaves 63 side onto the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 placed on the roof board 40 along the eaves 63, and from this roll the waterproof ventilation material 1 is rolled out. The field board 40 is cut so as to uniformly cover it from one end to the other end while being fed out. At this time, the waterproof breathable material 1 is laid in such a direction that the outer surface of the bottom 25 of the recess 22 contacts the sheathing board 40 via the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50. Secure with staples, nails, etc. as necessary.

Next, from the eaves 63 side to the ridge 64 side, another waterproof ventilation material was separately drawn out and cut in the same manner and installed in parallel with the end band 4b of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 of the previous waterproof ventilation material 1. It is overlapped with the edge portion 5a of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 of No. 1, and fixed with nails 80 staples or the like, or attached to the seam with waterproof tape, if necessary.

If this waterproof and ventilated building material 100 is used, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet can be pasted, a plurality of waterproof and ventilated materials 1 can be connected and temporarily assembled, and the waterproof and ventilated building material 100 can be used in accordance with the shape of the roof of the house with just a simple operation. Can be installed. As a result, it is possible to shorten the work time required for laying the roof base material compared to the conventional method, and to reduce the burden on the worker.

Thereafter, the crosspieces 61a are installed and fixed with nails 80, etc., and covered with roofing material to form the roof 61.

Note that when the waterproof and breathable building material 100 is installed during rainy weather, rainwater may accumulate in the recesses 22 of the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2, but as already explained, after the roof is formed, rainwater will naturally evaporate. Since the rainwater is discharged outdoors, there is no need for the troublesome operation of draining accumulated rainwater one by one, simplifying the work process.

A method of manufacturing the waterproof and breathable building material 100 will be explained.
First, a moisture-permeable nonwoven fabric layer 52 made of spunbond nonwoven fabric is covered with a metal foil layer 51 with moisture-permeable pores 55 on the upper side, and attached with a moisture-permeable adhesive layer 53 on the lower side. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 (see FIG. 4(a)) is made of a spunbond nonwoven fabric in which a spunbond nonwoven layer 52a, a meltblown nonwoven layer 52b, and a spunbond nonwoven fabric 52a are laminated by a spunbond method or a meltblown spunbond method. A moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer 52 is prepared, and a metal foil layer 51 with moisture-permeable pores 55 is adhered to the upper surface of the non-woven fabric layer 52 using an adhesive or heat-fused, while an adhesive is applied to the lower surface of the non-woven fabric layer 52. The waterproof breathable building material 100 is manufactured by coating (for example, preferably by spraying).
Alternatively, a moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer consisting of a moisture-permeable waterproof resin film 52c and a non-woven layer 52d is covered with a metal foil layer 51 with moisture-permeable pores 55 on the upper surface side, and a moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer on the lower surface side. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 (see FIG. 4(b)) attached with an adhesive layer is made by bonding a non-woven fabric to a moisture-permeable waterproof resin film 52c with an adhesive or thermally melting it to create a non-woven fabric layer 52. A metal foil layer 51 with moisture-permeable pores 55 is adhered to the upper surface of the non-woven fabric layer 52 using an adhesive or is thermally melted, while an adhesive is applied to the lower surface of the non-woven fabric layer 52 (for example, preferably by spraying). In this way, the waterproof and breathable building material 100 is manufactured.
Note that the moisture permeable pores 15 may be opened after the metal foil layer 11 is attached by vapor deposition.
On the other hand, the waterproof breathable material 1 is rolled out from a roll of a resin raw material board, heated with a male mold and a female mold forming the uneven shape of the waterproof breathable material 1, and then molded into a non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2. It is produced by winding it up into a roll.

FIG. 9 shows a partially cutaway perspective view of the waterproof and ventilated building material 100 installed in a wooden house 60. The waterproof and ventilated building material 100 is a roof base uniformly laid on the roofing board 40. The crosspiece 61a is fixed to the roof board 40 with the nails 80 together with the waterproof and ventilated building material 100. As the roofing material 30, a metal roofing material such as galvalume steel plate (registered trademark of Nippon Steel Corporation) is fixed to the crosspiece 61a.

The roof 61 separates the outside, which is cold in winter, and the inside of the wooden house 60, which is warm due to heating, so condensation can form on the roof board 40 due to the temperature difference and water vapor and humidity generated inside the wooden house 60. Easy to occur. However, as described above, since the ventilation section 31 communicating with the outdoors is formed between the waterproof and ventilated building material 100 made of a waterproof breathable material and the shedding board 40, the water vapor that has permeated through the shedding board 40 is transferred to the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet. 50 and is discharged outdoors through the ventilation section 31 on the lower side of the waterproof ventilation material 1, so that no dew condensation occurs on the roof board 40 or the crosspieces 61a. This prevents them from rotting.

Moreover, the non-permeable waterproof waterproof sheet 2 made of resin, which is the waterproof ventilation material 1, and the permeable waterproof sheet 50 do not allow water vapor or moisture generated inside the wooden house 60 to pass through, and the non-permeable waterproof sheet 2 has high windproof properties. Since it has waterproof properties and retaining hole water-tight properties, this water vapor and moisture do not reach the roofing material 30, which is a metal roofing material. As a result, the waterproof and ventilated building material 100 prevents not only the roofing board 40 from rotting but also the metal roofing material 30 from corroding.

Furthermore, the roof 61 is sometimes exposed to heavy rain. At this time, rainwater may enter through the joints of the plurality of roof materials 30 and reach the upper surface of the waterproof and breathable building material 100. The waterproof and breathable building material 100 exhibits high fastening hole water-stopping properties as the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2, which is rich in flexibility and elasticity, closely adheres to the surface of the body of the nail 80 that has passed through it. Do not let it infiltrate.

Windproofness, moisture permeability, and waterproofness are measured according to JIS A6111:2016, and are related to watertightness. A moisture-permeable nonwoven fabric layer 52 made of spunbond nonwoven fabric is covered with a metal foil layer 51 with moisture-permeable pores 55 on the upper side, and a transparent layer 52 attached with a moisture-permeable adhesive layer 53 on the lower side. The moisture-proofing sheet 50 (see FIG. 4(a)) conforms to the standards of JIS A6111:2016 in terms of moisture permeability and waterproofness, and is also excellent in windproofness. Further, a moisture permeable nonwoven fabric layer 52 consisting of a moisture permeable waterproof resin film 52d and a nonwoven layer 52d is covered with a metal foil layer 51 having moisture permeable pores 55 on the upper surface side, and has a moisture permeable layer 52 on the lower surface side. The moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 attached with the adhesive layer 53 (see FIG. 4(b)) also conforms to the standards of JIS A6111:2016 in terms of moisture permeability and waterproof properties, and is also excellent in windproof properties.

In FIGS. 1-1 to 1-3, an example is shown in which the convex portions 11a are arranged between the vertical rows of the recessed portions, but they may be arranged between the horizontal rows instead of between the vertical rows or in addition to the vertical rows. (Illustrated).

The convex parts 11a in the convex part rows arranged parallel to the vertical direction and spaced apart between the vertical rows of the concave parts 22 are shown as L in FIGS. 1-1 and 1-2 as a plurality of non-circular convex parts. An example of the substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped convex portions 11a ₁ (see FIG. 2(a)) along the -L' direction was shown, but they are also arranged along the L-L' direction, and among the rectangular parallelepipeds, there are also cubic convex portions. portion 11a ₂ (see FIG. 2(b)), cylindrical convex portion 11a ₃ (see FIG. 2(c)), elliptical cylindrical convex portion 11a ₄ (see FIG. 2(d)), quadrangular pyramid-shaped convex portion part 11a ₅ (see figure (e)), hemispherical convex part 11a ₆ (see figure (f)), spherical convex part 11a ₇ (see figure (g)), square like hexagonal column. It may be a columnar convex portion 11a ₈ (see (h) in the same figure). One of the letters in the cross is also along the LL' direction, and a three-dimensional cross-shaped convex portion 11a ₉ (see figure (i)), and one of the letters in the X is also in the LL' direction diagonally. It may be a convex portion 11a ₁₁ in the shape of a three-dimensional letter X (see (j) in the same figure). Alternatively, the convex portions 11a are adjacent convex portions 11a ₁₁ and 11a _11' in the convex portion row in the column direction (direction perpendicular to the LL' direction), which is the column direction, as shown in FIG. It has an intermittent cross unit consisting of a pair of protrusions 11b ₁₁ and 11b _11' which are arranged in parallel in the row direction (LL' direction) which is the row direction of the recessed parts with a gap between the pairs. You can leave it there. The convex portion 11a includes a pair of first convex portions 11b ₁₂ and 11b _12' which are lined up with a gap in the diagonal direction between the columns of the concave portions 22, as shown in FIG. It has an intermittent X-shaped unit consisting of a pair of second protrusions 11b ₁₂ and 11b _12' that are lined up in another diagonal direction in the column direction while sandwiching a gap 11c between the pairs of protrusions 11a ₁₂ and 11a _12' . You can. Further, as shown in FIG. 2(m), in the convex portion 11a, the convex portions 11a to ₁₃ in the three-dimensional shape of the letter T may be arranged in the same direction or alternately in opposite directions along the LL' direction. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2(o), the convex portions 11a may have star-shaped convex portions 11a ₁₄ arranged in the same direction or alternately in opposite directions along the LL' direction.

As shown in FIG. 3(a), the top surface _11e1 of the convex portion 11e as the non-circular convex portion 11 is set such that, for example, the ridge side of the gable roof (see FIG. 9) is higher than the sheet upper surface 3a. It may be inclined.

Although an example of a non-annular convex portion is shown as the convex portion ₁₁ , as shown in FIG. You can. The outer ring 11d ₁ may have an inner bottom 11d 2 by having the inner side of the outer ring 11d ₁ shallower than the outer side.

Another embodiment of the waterproof and breathable building material 100 of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 5-1 and 5-2. FIG. 5-1(a) is a plan view of a long waterproof breathable material 1 taken out by cutting out a part thereof, and FIG. 5-1(b) is a front sectional view thereof. FIG. 5(c) is a left side view of the same, FIG. 5(d) is a right side view of the same, and FIG. 5-2(e) is a bottom view of the same. Note that the rear cross-sectional view is symmetrical with the front cross-sectional view, so it will be omitted. Below, we will mainly explain the differences from the waterproof breathable material 1 shown with reference to FIGS. 1-1 to 1-3 and the like.

The waterproof breathable material 1 is a roof base material that is fixed to wood constituting a wooden house, for example, a roof board 40. The waterproof breathable material 1 is made of a flexible, moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet, and is a long article that extends continuously in the longitudinal direction L-L' (vertical direction) and can be rolled up.

The waterproof breathable material 1 has a plurality of uneven portions 20 arranged in an orderly manner vertically and horizontally on a flat plate portion 6 between an edge portion 5a and an edge band portion 4b. The uneven portion 20 is an annular convex consisting of a concave portion 22 having an opening edge on the sheet upper surface 3a and recessed from the opening edge to the lower surface of the sheet, and arcuate convex portions 23a to 23d protruding from the sheet upper surface 3a while surrounding the opening edge. It has an annular intermittent portion 24 consisting of intermittent portions 24a to 24d that intermittently separate adjacent portions 23 and arcuate convex portions 23a to 23d by intermittent portions 21. The uneven portions 20 are arranged in five rows arranged at equal intervals in each row along the longitudinal direction LL', and are provided in the same direction at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction and the horizontal direction perpendicular thereto. It is.

The uneven portion 20 includes four arcuate convex portions 23 a to 23 d forming the annular convex portion 23 and four intermittent portions 24 a to 24 d forming the annular intermittent portion 24 on the seat upper surface 3 a side (front surface side: outdoor side). are arranged alternately in a circular ring.

The arcuate convex portion 23a is hollow inside by being raised in an arcuate shape. The arc-shaped convex portion 23a is formed by an inner slope 23a ₂ and an outer slope 23a ₄ on the inside and outside of the arc, and by intermittent side slopes 23a ₁ and 23a ₃ that oppose the adjacent arc-shaped convex portions 23b and 23d. , a raised top surface _23a5 is formed. While the outer slope 23a ₄ and the intermittent side slopes 23a ₁ and 23a ₃ are raised from the flat plate part 6, the inner slope 23a ₃ is sloped toward the slope of the concave part 22 which is depressed in the shape of a truncated cone. It extends.

The arcuate protrusions 23b to 23d are similar to the arcuate protrusion 23a, except that they are shifted by 45° in the arc shape.

Four intermittent portions 24 a to 24 d forming the annular intermittent portion 24 are formed on the flat plate portion 6 .

The annular convex portion 23 and the annular intermittent portion 24 provide a non-slip feature to prevent slipping when stepped on.

Although an example of the annular convex portion 23 formed by four arc-shaped convex portions 23a to 23d and the annular intermittent portion 24 formed by four intermittent portions 24a to 24d is illustrated, the number of the annular convex portions 23 may be two or three, respectively. It may be five to eight. It is preferable that the annular convex portion 23 and the annular intermittent portion 24 form an annular shape with equal intervals.

The recessed portion 22 protrudes downward from the seat lower surface 3b, has a truncated conical shape whose diameter gradually decreases toward the sheathing board 40, and has a bottom portion 25.

The boundary between the concave portion 22 and the four intermittent portions 24a to 24d forming the annular intermittent portion 24 forms an opening edge on the upper surface of the sheet.

When installing these plurality of waterproof ventilation materials 1 on a roof by partially overlapping each other, the end row of the uneven portions 20 near the edge portion 5a of the waterproof ventilation material 1 and the edge band of another waterproof ventilation material The concavo-convex portions 20 may fit or interlock with each other at the end row near the side portion 4b.

The waterproof ventilation material 1 functions as shown in FIG. 5-1(b), for example, which is the same as that in FIG. 1-1(b).

The following describes the waterproof ventilation material 1 common to Figures 1-1 to 1-3, Figures 2 to 4, Figures 5-1 to 5-3, and Figures 6 to 9 and the waterproof ventilation building material 100 using the same. Explain.

The moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 is made of at least one hard or soft resin selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyester, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer. It is a board, and exhibits waterproof properties in that it does not allow rainwater to pass through, and it also does not allow water vapor or moisture to pass through, so it has virtually no moisture permeability. The non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 is made by molding a raw resin board using a male mold and a female mold forming the uneven shape of the waterproof breathable material 1. The moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 may be one in which these resin plates contain an inorganic filler, talc, calcium carbonate, quartz, and various additives. The resin may be a so-called recycled resin product, or a mixture of a recycled resin product and an unprocessed resin product.

The moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 is not particularly limited in terms of strength, but has an elongation rate of at least 30% in accordance with JIS K6767 (1999), for example. Specifically, the lower limit of this elongation rate is preferably 30%, more preferably 35%, and even more preferably 40%, and the upper limit is preferably 100%, more preferably 95%, and More preferably, it is 80%. Since such a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 is highly flexible and elastic, it tightly adheres to the surface of the body of the nail 80 (see Figure 5-1) that has passed through it, leaving no gap between it and the nail 80 (see Figure 5-1). .

The uneven parts 10 and 20 have enough strength that they will not be crushed even if a worker steps on or steps on the waterproof ventilation material 1 when installing it on the roof, or if it is fixed by driving a nail or the like with a hammer. Preferably. To this end, the thickness of the resin raw material plate of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet should be 1 to 10 mm, and when molded, the thickness of the thinnest part of the uneven parts 10 and 20 should be at least 2 mm, preferably 2 mm. -6 mm, more preferably 3-5 mm. Further, in the uneven portion 10, the maximum outer diameter of the recessed portion 22 is 10 to 100 mm, and the long side length and short side length of the convex portion 11a are 10 to 100 mm. is 10 to 100 mm, the maximum inner diameter of the annular convex portion 23 is 5 to 95 mm, and the outer diameter of the bottom portion 25 is 1 to 90 mm. Further, the uneven portion 20 makes the arcuate convex portion 23a have a height difference (height) of the flat plate portion 6 from the sheet upper surface 3a of 3 to 10 mm, preferably 5 mm. Further, the recessed portion 22 has a height difference (height) of the flat plate portion 6 from the seat lower surface 3b of 5 to 10 mm, preferably 8 mm. The distance between adjacent concave and convex portions 20 is 5 to 20 mm at the point where the outer shapes are closest to each other. In the case of the annular convex portion 11d, the height of the outer ring _11d1 is the same as that of the convex portion, and the inner bottom is 1 to 2 mm higher than the seat top surface 3a.

When the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 is made of resin and has a thickness and diameter within this range, a plurality of uneven portions 20 arranged at regular intervals are formed in the thickness direction of the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2. Coupled with uniformly dispersing the applied load, the non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 exhibits high load-bearing properties such that it will not collapse even if a worker stands on it when installing the waterproof breathable material 1.

The width of the waterproof breathable material 1 (distance from the edge portion 5a to the edge strip portion 4b) is not particularly limited, but should be 100 to 1000 mm so that it can be easily rolled and unrolled. The waterproof breathable material 1 extends in the longitudinal direction to several tens of meters, up to 20 meters, and is wound up into a roll (not shown). Although an example in which the uneven portions 10 and 20 are arranged in five rows is illustrated, the number may be arranged in three to four rows or six to ten rows depending on the width of the waterproof breathable material 1.

On the other hand, when the uneven portion 20 is viewed from the seat lower surface 3b side (back side: indoor side), the unevenness is reversed from the seat upper surface 3a side. That is, the annular convex portion 23 formed by the arcuate convex portions 23a to 23d appears to be recessed from the seat bottom surface 3b toward the seat top surface 3a, and the concave portion 22 appears to protrude from the seat bottom surface 3b. .

All of the plurality of uneven portions 20 have the same size (dimensions).

Each corner of the uneven portion 20 may be rounded inwardly or outwardly.

The bottom portion 25 of the uneven portion 20 contacts the shedding board 40 directly or via the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 on the sheet lower surface 3b side.

When the bottoms 25 of the recesses 22 of the waterproof breathable material 1 come into contact with the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 or the roofing board 40, the area around each recess 22 on the sheet lower surface 3b side is connected to the waterproof breathable material 1. A ventilation section 31 is formed between the waterproof sheet 50 or the roofing board 40.

Although an example is shown in which the uneven portions 20 are oriented in the same direction in each row/row, as shown in FIG. . Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, each example and row may be rotated by 45 degrees on a plane. The uneven portions 20 may be provided randomly (not shown).

Note that the roofing material 30 is not limited to a metal roofing material, and may be a slate roofing material, which may be slate defined in JIS A5423 (2013), for example. Slate roofing material is manufactured by compacting cement and drying it. Slate roofing materials tend to crack when they repeatedly absorb moisture and dry out. When a slate roofing material is roofed using the waterproof and ventilated building material 100 as a roof base, the water vapor and moisture generated inside the wooden house 60 will not reach the slate roofing material by the waterproof ventilated material 1. Slate roofing materials do not absorb water due to condensation during summer on the Sea of Japan side. This prevents the slate roofing material from repeatedly absorbing water and drying out, thereby preventing it from cracking.

On the other hand, although the waterproof and breathable building material 100 has been described with reference to an example of constructing a roof, it can also be used when constructing a wall.

The waterproof and breathable building material 100 can also be used as a base for the outer wall 62 by being fixed so as to cover the wall board 62a. In this case, the outer wall 62 is formed by constructing the lath 62b, mortar 62c, and coating film 62d on the waterproof ventilation material 1. Even when the waterproof ventilation material 1 is used for the exterior wall 62, it does not allow rainwater to enter the exterior wall 62 due to its excellent fastening hole water-stopping properties and waterproof properties, just as it is used for the base of the roof 61. 31 prevents condensation from occurring. This prevents the wood that forms the frame of the wooden house 60, such as the floorboards 40 and wall boards 62a, from rotting due to rainwater infiltration or dew condensation.

Although an example has been given in which the concave portion 22 of the uneven portion 20 is shaped like a truncated cone, it may be shaped like a truncated polygonal pyramid. Specific examples of the polygonal pyramid include a triangular pyramid, a square pyramid, a pentagonal pyramid, a hexagonal pyramid, a heptagonal pyramid, and an octagonal pyramid.

The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 may be, for example, a sheet made of a resin non-woven fabric having pores that are permeable to water vapor particles with a diameter on the order of nanometers but not permeable to rainwater with a diameter on the order of several hundred μm to several mm, or such a sheet. Examples include multilayer sheets in which resin nonwoven fabrics are laminated on both sides or one side of a porous film having pores with an adhesive layer interposed therebetween. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet has moisture permeability, waterproofness, and water-stopping properties that meet the regulations of JIS A6111 (2016). The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 is made of synthetic polymer sheets such as polyolefin sheets such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride; polyurethane sheets; polyvinyl butyral sheets; thermoplastic elastomer sheets; ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, vinyl acetate homopolymers, and their like. Examples include polyvinyl acetate sheets such as partially or fully hydrolyzed polymers; rubber sheets such as vulcanized rubber and non-vulcanized rubber; and asphalt-based sheets include asphalt roofing felt. It is preferable that the synthetic polymer sheet conforms to JIS A6008:2002 synthetic polymer roofing sheet, and the asphalt sheet conforms to JIS A 6013:2005 modified asphalt roofing sheet.

Examples of moisture-permeable waterproof sheets that meet the above regulations include Roof Airtex and Super Airtex KD (manufactured by Fukubi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.; ``Airtex'', ``Roof Airtex'', and ``Super Airtex'' are registered trademarks of Fukubi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). ), Lamitect Hi・S (manufactured by Seiren Co., Ltd., "Lamitect" is a registered trademark of Seiren Co., Ltd.), Tyvek (manufactured by DuPont, "Tyvek" is a registered trademark of DuPont), and East Roof Silver (manufactured by Nagai Co., Ltd.) , "Yeast" is a registered trademark of Nagai Co., Ltd.) available on the market. Alternatively, a laminate in which a metal membrane material and/or a resin membrane and a nonwoven fabric are adhered and bonded, preferably a polyethylene resin film coated with aluminum, has the above-mentioned holes made and is bonded to a polyethylene nonwoven fabric by heat fusion or adhesive. It may be a laminate.

As shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 8, examples of the waterproof breathable material 1 in which the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 is a single member made of resin are shown; A base material 3 having recessed portions scattered on the lower surface of the sheet and, if necessary, non-slip convex portions protruding from the upper surface of the sheet between the openings and also serving as a support; It may also be a composite member having an anti-slip layer 27 applied to the top surface of the sheet.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 8, the waterproof breathable material 1 is provided with openings on the upper surface of the sheet and recessed portions 22 scattered on the lower surface of the sheet. The base material 3 has the annular convex parts 11a, 11c, 11d or the annular convex part 23 provided on the upper surface of the sheet, and the annular convex parts 11a, 11c, 11d or the annular convex parts 23 are provided on the upper surface of the sheet of the base material 3, although not shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 8. The non-slip layer 27 that covers all of these convex portions may be a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2.

As another specific example, as shown in FIG. 9(a), the waterproof breathable material 1 has an opening on the upper surface of the sheet, and is provided with concave portions 22 scattered on the lower surface of the sheet, but convex on the upper surface of the sheet. The non-moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 2 may include a base material 3 having no part and a non-slip layer 27 attached to the upper surface of the base material 3 and covering all these convex parts. As shown in Figure (b), when the waterproof breathable material 1 is driven with a nail, staple, tacker, needle, rivet, split rivet, or hook, the elasticity of the waterproof breathable material 1 is higher than that of the relatively hard base material 3. The soft and elastic anti-slip layer 27 provides excellent water-stopping properties.

Examples to which the present invention is applied will be shown below.

(Example 1)
From polypropylene (PP) resin substrate materials with thicknesses of 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.7 mm, and 1.0 mm, waterproof breathable material 1 as shown in Figure 5-1 is made as follows. Created. While heating this substrate raw material at 230° C., a recess 22 with an opening diameter of 18 mm and a bottom diameter of 8 mm is formed on the top surface of the base material sheet while being recessed from the sheet lower surface 3b by a depth of 8 mm, and the recessed portion. In the waterproof breathable material 1 protruding from the top surface of the base sheet so as to surround 22, on the top surface side of the base sheet, the outer diameter is 30 mm, the inner diameter is 22 mm, the intermittent parts are spaced at 5 mm intervals, and the heights are 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm. The pressure is reduced in a vacuum forming mold having an annular convex portion 23 and an uneven portion 20 with an interval of 5 mm, steps 5b and 4a, and a distance of 1000 mm from the edge of the edge portion 5a to the edge of the edge band portion 4b. Meanwhile, a waterproof breathable material 1 consisting of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 having a length of 15 m in the longitudinal direction (LL') was molded and wound up into a roll.
A polyethylene nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a fabric weight of 180 g/m ² and a fabric weight of 65 g/m ² with fiber diameters of 50, 100 and 200 μm, which are coated and laminated with a porous polyethylene film of 30 μm thickness, 1. A metal foil layer 51 made of vapor-deposited aluminum with 22 μm pores opened at a density of 496,000 pores/m ² is applied to the nonwoven fabric, and an adhesive layer 53 with a basis weight of 30 to 50 g/m ² is applied as necessary. A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 consisting of a release paper covering the adhesive layer 53 was prepared and wound into a roll (see FIG. 4(b)).
The waterproof ventilation material 1 is paid out from the roll of the waterproof ventilation material 1, the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 is paid out from the roll of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50, and these are combined to form a ring-shaped convex portion with four thicknesses of the substrate raw material. A total of 12 types of prototypes of the waterproof and breathable building material 100 of Example 1 were created and used for construction of roofs and walls.

(Comparative example 1)
In Example 1, prototypes of comparative building materials with four different thicknesses of the substrate material were created in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the annular convex portion 23 was not included, and the prototypes were used for construction of roofs and walls. provided.

(Non-slip confirmation test)
Regarding the prototype of the waterproof and ventilated building material 100 obtained in Example 1 and the prototype of the building material obtained in Comparative Example 1, a 1-sun slope (a slope where the height is 1 with respect to the base 10: angle θ = approximately 5.7° ), 3-dimensional slope (gradient where the height is 3 with respect to the base 10: angle θ = approximately 16.7°), 5-dimensional slope (gradient where the height is 5 with respect to the base 10: angle θ = approximately 26.5°) ), and a false roof with a slope of 6 inches (slope of height 6 relative to base 10: angle θ = approximately 31°), and an adult male with a standard weight of approximately 70 kg stepped on it wearing safety shoes while installing the roof. However, the items were evaluated on a three-point scale: ○ if the anti-slip was effective and did not slip, △ if the anti-slip was effective but became slippery, and × if the item was slippery. The results are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from Table 1, as in the results of Example 1, when the thickness of the base material is as thin as 0.3 mm, even with a 3-dimensional slope, unless the height of the annular convex part is 1 mm or more, it will slip. Even on a 5-inch slope, it slipped unless the height of the annular protrusion was 3 mm or more. This is because if the thickness of the base material is too thin, the ring-shaped protrusion will easily collapse when stepped on when the slope is gentle, preventing it from slipping, but on the other hand, if the slope is too steep, the ring-shaped protrusion will collapse too much when stepped on. This seems to be because it is difficult to prevent slipping.
When the thickness of the base material was relatively thick at 0.5 mm, it became non-slip at any practical slope from 1 inch to 6 inch. This is because the base material had a certain thickness, so that even if the annular convex part was slightly crushed, it did not collapse too much, so it functioned sufficiently as a non-slip.
When the thickness of the base material became even thicker, from 0.7 mm to 1 mm, the lower the height of the annular convex part on the 5-inch and 6-inch slopes, the more it slipped. This is because if the thickness of the base material is too thick, the annular convex portion will be difficult to collapse when stepped on, making it difficult to function as an anti-slip material.
On the other hand, when the height of the annular convex portion was 0 mm, the inclination was too gentle and could barely prevent slipping at a slope of 1 inch, but it could no longer prevent slipping at a slope of 3 inches or more.

(Example 2)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a waterproof breathable material 1 made of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet 2 was molded and wound into a roll.
Commercially available SMMMS (basis weight ratio: S41%, M6%, M6%, M6% S41%) polyethylene is spun from polyethylene pellets and made by melt-blowing to a thickness of 499 mm, a basis weight of 75 g/ ^m2 , and a thickness of about 499 μm. The metal foil layer 51 is made of a non-woven fabric made of 7 μm aluminum foil with pores of an average size of 0.62 mm at a density of 444,444 pieces/m ² , and is attached to the non-woven fabric by vapor deposition, with a basis weight of 30 to 50 g/m ^{2 .} A moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 50 consisting of a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 53 and, if necessary, a release paper covering the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 53 was prepared and wound into a roll (see FIG. 4(a)).
The waterproof ventilation material 1 is paid out from the roll of the waterproof ventilation material 1, the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50 is paid out from the roll of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 50, and these are combined to form a ring-shaped convex portion with four thicknesses of the substrate raw material. A total of 12 types of prototypes of the waterproof and breathable building material 100 of Example 1 were created and used for construction of roofs and walls.
Similar to Example 1, an anti-slip confirmation test was conducted, and the same results as Example 1 were shown.

The waterproof and breathable building material of the present invention is used for the base of roofs and outer walls of houses.

1 is a waterproof breathable material, 2 is a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet, 3 is a base material, 5a is an edge part, 5b is a step, 4b is an edge band edge, 4a is a step, 3a is a sheet upper surface, 3b is a sheet lower surface, 6 is a flat plate part, 10 is an uneven part, 11a, 11a ₁ to 11a ₁₀ , 11a ₁₁ , 11a _11' , 11b ₁₁ , 11b _11' , 11a ₁₂ , 11b _12' , 11b ₁₂ , 11b _12' is a convex part ( 11c is a gap, 11d is a convex part (annular convex part), 11d ₁ is an outer ring, 11d ₂ is an inner bottom of the outer ring, 12 is an opening, 15 is a bottom, 20 is an uneven part, 21 is an intermittent part , 22 is a concave portion, 23 is an annular convex portion, 23a to 23d are arcuate convex portions, 23a ₁ is an intermittent side slope, 23a ₂ is an inner slope, 23a ₃ is an intermittent side slope, and 23a ₄ is an outer side. Slope, 23a ₅ is the top surface, 24 is an annular intermittent part, 24a to 24d are intermittent parts, 25 is the bottom part, 27 is a non-slip layer, 30 is a nail, 31 is a ventilation part, 32 is a void part, 40 is a field board , 50 is a moisture permeable waterproof sheet, 51 is a metal foil layer, 52 is a nonwoven fabric layer, 52a is a spunbond nonwoven layer, 52b is a meltblown nonwoven layer, 52c is a moisture permeable waterproof resin film, 52d is a nonwoven layer, 53 is a Adhesive layer, 54 is release paper, 55 is moisture permeable porous, 56 is non-woven fiber, 56a is a striated part, 56b is a fused part, 60 is a wooden house, 61 is a roof, 61a is a crosspiece, 62 is an exterior wall, 62a is a wall plate, 62b is a lath, 62c is a mortar, 62d is a painted film, 63 is an eaves edge, 64 is a ridge, 70 is a roofing material, 80 is a nail, 100 is a waterproof ventilation building material, LL' is a longitudinal direction, AA' is the arrow direction.

Claims (3)

recessed portions having openings on the top surface of the sheet of the base material and being scattered and/or lined up on the bottom surface of the sheet; and non-circular convex portions protruding from the top surface of the sheet between the openings; or a non-slip portion having at least one of an annular protrusion and an annular protrusion surrounding the opening and protruding from the upper surface of the sheet; / or made of a moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet made of rubber, the convex portion has deformation recovery property or deformation non-recovery property, and the concave portion has strength to prevent collapse; a waterproof breathable material in which the moisture-impermeable waterproof sheet is flexible and can be wound into a roll;
A moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer made of a moisture-permeable waterproof resin film and a non-woven fabric, or a moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer made of a spunbond non-woven fabric is covered on the upper side with a metal foil layer with moisture-permeable pores, while the lower side is covered with a metal foil layer with moisture-permeable pores. 1. A waterproof and breathable building material, characterized in that the material is attached with a moisture-permeable adhesive layer, and comprises a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet to be placed between the waterproof ventilation material and the roofing board. In the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, the nonwoven fabric layer includes the moisture-permeable waterproof resin film made of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, or polypropylene, and polyamide (nylon) fiber, rayon fiber, polyester fiber, polyolefin fiber (polyethylene fiber, polypropylene). fiber) , acrylic resin, vinylon fiber, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide, rayon, polyester, acrylic resin, vinylon resin, and aramid resin, or , polyamide (nylon) fiber, rayon fiber, polyester fiber, polyolefin fiber (polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber ) , acrylic resin, vinylon fiber, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide, rayon, polyester, acrylic resin The waterproof and breathable building material according to claim 1, characterized in that the spunbond nonwoven fabric is selected from the group consisting of polyester, vinylon resin, and aramid resin. The metal foil layer is made of aluminum, the moisture permeable pores have an aperture ratio of 1.2 or more and 7.0% or less, and/or an average diameter or void of 0.5 to 2000 μm, and/ Or the numerical aperture is 100,000/ ^m2 or more and 1 million pieces/ ^m2 or less,
The moisture-permeable non-woven fabric layer made of the moisture-permeable waterproof resin film and the non-woven fabric has water-impermeable, moisture-permeable gaps, pores and/or fusion formed by non-woven fibers made of a hot-melt adhesive containing a moisture-permeable resin. A nonwoven sheet is fused to both sides of a moisture-permeable adhesive layer having adhesion areas and adhesive properties using the hot-melt adhesive at some of the fusion areas of the moisture-permeable adhesive layer. ,
The spunbond nonwoven fabric has a fiber diameter of 1.5 denier or more and 4 denier or less,
3. The adhesive layer according to claim 1 or ^{2, wherein the adhesive layer is adhered onto the nonwoven fabric fibers exposed on the lower surface side without blocking the voids in the nonwoven fabric layer, and has a basis weight of 30 to 75 g/m 2} . Waterproof and ventilated building materials listed.

Images