JP2024015523A - Column fixing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a column fixing method that improves the accuracy of the position and the direction of a pile when driving the pile into ground.SOLUTION: Disclosed is a method of fixing at least one column 22 in the ground by driving at least one pile 30 into the ground to use the pile 30 as foundation. The method comprises: a pile driving step of forming a vertical hole in the ground by driving the pile 30 to original ground without the prior excavation of a pilot hole, charging sand into the vertical hole formed by pulling out the pile 30 thereafter, driving the pile 30 thereafter to expand outward the sand charged into the vertical hole and its surrounding soil stepwise and compacting, after completion of the compacting, by leaving the pile 30 in the ground in a state of its upper end part projected from the ground surface, and thereby fixing the pile 30 to the ground; and a column connection step of connecting the column 22 to the pile 30 by using a part projected from the ground surface out of the pile 30 fixed to the ground, after the pile 30 is fixed to the ground.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 13

Description

The present invention relates to techniques that simplify the work required for the installation and removal of columns and piles and/or improve the accuracy of the position and orientation of piles when they are driven into the ground. be.

Posts fixed to the ground may be used to support a structure elevated above the ground (either high or low).

Here, in one example, "high place" means a place at a height of 2 m or more from the foundation surface (e.g. ground surface, ground surface scaffolding), while "low place" , meaning a place lower than its height.

The above-mentioned "support" is also called a pole, a post, etc., and is configured as, for example, a round pipe, a square pipe, etc. made of steel or plastic. Further, the pillars may be delivered to the site as ready-made products or constructed on the site.

Examples of the above-mentioned "structures" include structures that display information such as signboards (e.g., display boards for commercial advertising), information boards, or signs (e.g., traffic signs, traffic lights, etc.) (For example, see Patent Documents 1 and 3.) and enclosures such as protective fences and temporary fences (For example, see Patent Documents 2 and 4.).

In addition, "structures" include structures installed outdoors and exposed to wind, rain, and snow (for example, billboards) and structures installed indoors.

In addition, there are two types of structures in which a structure is supported by pillars: a type supported by a single pillar (single-leg type), and a type supported by multiple pillars extending parallel to each other (double-legged type). be. Multi-leg struts have the advantage of having higher torsional rigidity around the vertical axis than single-leg struts, and even if one of the struts malfunctions, the other struts will remain intact. As long as it is normal, it has the advantage of preventing the column from tipping or falling.

There is a prefabricated pile method as a construction method for fixing piles to the ground. The ready-made pile construction method is a construction method in which ready-made piles (for example, made of steel or concrete, solid or hollow structure) are driven into the ground.

As ready-made pile construction methods, there are a driven pile construction method and an embedded pile construction method.

The driven pile construction method is a construction method in which ready-made piles (for example, made of steel or concrete) are driven into the ground by the impact force of a hammer without drilling a pilot hole in the soil in advance.

Here, the "hammer" includes a manual hammer and a piling machine (for example, an air hammer) as a construction machine (automatic hammer). A manual hammer is a large hammer with a metal block attached to the tip of a long handle that is held by the worker, and is used by swinging it down by the worker, or a hammer that is used by the worker by swinging it down against gravity. Some hit the pile by free fall after being lifted.

On the other hand, the embedded pile method is a process in which the ground is excavated to a predetermined depth to create a pilot hole, and a ready-made pile is inserted into the pilot hole. As an embedded pile construction method, there is a method called a neck-wrapping method (see, for example, Patent Document 3). This root-wrapping method is, for example, a construction method in which an enlarged concrete bulb is created at the lower end of the pile.

According to this neck wrapping method, a pilot hole is drilled in the ground in advance, and crushed stone is poured into the bottom of the pilot hole and compacted. Next, insert the post into the prepared hole and use temporary braces to keep it straight so that it does not tilt. Then, fresh concrete is poured into the prepared hole so as to surround the pillar. Subsequently, the ready-mixed concrete is allowed to harden, thereby fixing the columns.

If this method is used, the concrete foundation usually has a long service life of 20 to 30 years, so there is no need to replace the supports during that time.

However, this method requires steps such as ground excavation to create a pilot hole, temporary support for the pillars, and preparation of a concrete foundation, which increases costs and lengthens the construction period. This neck-wrapping method is not suitable when the period of use is short and the removal is frequent.

Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of driving a pile into the ground and fixing a support using the driven pile. However, this document only discloses the use of a pile to press the support to the ground surface (ground surface) after the support is installed, and does not disclose that the pile is used to press the support into the ground after it is driven into the ground. There is no disclosure of the point of connection to the column, nor of the coaxial connection of the column to the column. Furthermore, this document does not disclose that the pile is driven into the ground while being guided so as to be movable up and down.

Patent Document 2 discloses a technique of repeatedly applying impact force to a pile and driving the pile deeper into the ground in stages. However, this document only discloses that a pilot hole is excavated in the ground by driving a pile into the ground and then pulling it out, and a support is inserted into the pilot hole. The patent does not disclose that a pile is placed in the ground and the upper end of the placed pile is connected to the lower end of the support.

Furthermore, like Patent Document 1, this document also does not disclose that the pile is driven straight into the ground using a pile guide tool that guides the pile itself in a vertically movable manner. Specifically, this document discloses that piling is performed using a tool called a guide rod, but more precisely, the guide rod is a tool that guides the pneumatic hammer in a vertically slidable manner. It is not used to guide the pile itself so that it can slide up and down.

Patent Document 3 is originally related to the above-mentioned root wrapping method, and is silent regarding the driven pile method. This document states that when a vertical hole is excavated in the ground at an unplanned slope, the pile will also be erected at a corresponding slope in the vertical hole, and as a result, the verticality of the column inserted into the pile will be reduced. Discloses the point at which the value decreases. Furthermore, this document discloses that the pile is coaxially connected to the support column after the pile is wrapped with concrete in the ground. However, this document does not disclose the point of directly using a stake fixed in the ground to fix a support, nor the point of connecting a stake fixed in the ground and a support in a state where they are in contact with each other. do not have.

Patent Document 4 discloses a technique for driving piles into the ground. Furthermore, this document discloses that the pile itself is driven into the ground while being guided so as to be movable up and down. However, this document also describes the point of connecting the pile to a column after the pile is driven into the ground, the point of connecting the pile coaxially to the column, and the point of connecting the pile to the column in mutual contact with the column. The points of connection are also not disclosed.

Patent Document 5 discloses an embedded pile construction method as a pile construction method, but is silent regarding a driven pile construction method. Furthermore, this document does not disclose that a support is divided into a part that exists above ground and a part that exists underground and acts as a foundation, and that the latter part is treated as a pile.

Furthermore, this document points out that, as a disadvantage of adopting the embedded pile method, if a large wind pressure acts on a structure supported above ground by the upper end of a support that is buried in the ground at the lower end, the support will be damaged. It is pointed out that there is a risk that the strength will not be stable.

Furthermore, this document describes the cast-in-place pile method, in which the ground is first excavated to create a pilot hole, then cylindrical reinforcing bars assembled on site are dropped into the pilot hole, and then fresh concrete is poured into the hole. Adopting a construction method in which piles are created by pouring concrete into a pilot hole and solidifying the concrete is certainly more stable in terms of strength than the embedded pile method, but it takes a lot of effort (man-hours, construction period, etc.) to remove the pillars. ) and costs.

Publication No. 58-21177 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-189529 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-190241 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-37194 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2014-001542

As described above, there are various pile construction methods, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, it is necessary to select a method suitable for the site (e.g., topography, soil quality, natural phenomena, etc.) and use (e.g., average period of use, etc.) from among these pile construction methods, taking into account various circumstances related to the site and use. There are various factors that should be taken into consideration. These factors include, for example, the scale of the support, the average age of use of the support, factors related to the construction period for installation and removal of the support, and factors related to the construction costs for installation and removal of the support.

The pillars are subject to certain strength requirements in order to fulfill their mission of stably supporting the structure they are supposed to support in the air in the environment at the site where they are installed (e.g. wind pressure, rain, snow accumulation, vibration, etc.). be done.

The strength requirements placed on a column depend on the weight and size (particularly the height dimension of the column) of the column and the structure supported by the column. Additionally, given the structural environment in which a structure is generally held in a position elevated above the ground, the weight rank of the structure is determined by the height dimension of the structure (i.e., the support column supporting the structure). (roughly comparable to the length (height dimension above the ground)).

Furthermore, the strength requirements placed on the columns also depend on the average age that the structure will be used on the same site. Therefore, if a strength requirement that is stronger than the corresponding strength requirement is imposed on a strut despite its short average lifespan, the strut will be of excessive quality in terms of strength, leading to waste.

Therefore, for convenience of explanation, the types of struts are classified into three according to the length of the struts. Specifically, the types of struts are classified into small struts with a length of less than 2 m, medium-sized struts with a length of 2 m or more and less than 4 m, and large struts with a length of 4 m or more.

Specifically, small-sized pillars include, for example, signboards installed in vacant lots for a short period of time, and medium-sized pillars include, for example, parking lots (including bicycle parking lots) as illustrated in FIG. ), there are also pedestrian traffic lights and road signs, and large pillars include, for example, vehicle traffic lights (for example, 4.5 m or more).

Large columns are subject to high strength requirements, medium sized columns are subject to medium strength requirements, and small columns are subject to low strength requirements.

Typically, in order to meet high strength requirements, the piles supporting the columns are fixed to the ground using a concrete foundation and filler using the above-mentioned root wrapping method. Additionally, to meet low strength requirements, the piles supporting the columns are typically driven into the ground using a simple driven pile method, without the use of concrete foundations or fillers. Fixed.

Heretofore, there has been no pile construction method suitable for achieving a strength level intermediate between that achieved by the neck wrapping method and the strength level achieved by the simple driven pile method.

In response, the present inventor conducted research and development on a pile construction method suitable for achieving an intermediate strength level. At that time, the present inventor suddenly needs to remove a signboard, such as the above-mentioned open signboard for a parking lot used by a company that temporarily manages the land as a parking lot on behalf of the landowner. The following requirements were selected based on the assumption that the structure would be unstable over a period of continuous use.

(1) Average number of years of use

The inventor of the present invention has set the maximum period of use of the pillars to be approximately 5 years, based on past statistics regarding the use of the above-mentioned parking lot signboards. Therefore, if the neck-wrapping method is adopted, the level of strength achieved thereby (for example, a service life of about 20 to 30 years) will be excessive.

Therefore, the present inventor researched and developed a new pile construction method that is suitable for achieving a strength level for the pillars that is efficient in relation to the maximum period of use of the pillars.

(2) Bending strength

In general, columns need to be safe and reliable to the extent that they do not tilt or collapse even when the ground is soft or in strong winds. In other words, it is necessary to ensure the necessary degree of compaction of the ground and the bending rigidity of the pillars (deflection characteristics due to wind loads as lateral loads). Therefore, if a simple driven pile construction method were adopted, the level of strength achieved thereby would be insufficient.

Furthermore, when using struts fixed to the ground, the struts will not tilt or collapse due to bending moments generated in the struts due to wind pressure acting on the structure when the structure is in use. It is important to take this into account.

The bending moment that acts on the column due to the wind pressure is generated near the ground surface (for example, if the column is a quasi-cantilever beam as a structure approximated by material mechanics (assuming that the ground is a completely rigid body (ground reaction force is maximum)) It is known that the bending mode of a quasi-cantilever beam (which can be approximated to a cantilever beam if possible) is maximized at the position where the bending start point of the quasi-cantilever beam (in the case of a cantilever beam, the fixed end) appears.

In addition, when adopting a structure in which the support is not directly fixed to the ground, but is indirectly fixed to the ground by connecting the support to a pile fixed to the ground, it is called a support and a pile. It is necessary to connect several individual parts to each other.

The strut and pile connections are usually located at the ground level, ie at the position of the strut where the externally acting bending moment is maximized. Therefore, the present inventor recognized that the type of structure adopted for the connecting portion is an important factor that influences the strength of the support column's resistance to the bending moment. The maximum bending moment increases as the strut becomes longer.

Therefore, the present inventor has developed a structure that connects a pile and a support column so that sudden changes in the section modulus between these two members can be suppressed, thereby reducing stress concentration at the joint between these two members. I devised it.

(3) Accuracy of orientation (position and angle) of piles fixed to the ground

The verticality of a pile fixed to the ground is the angle at which the center line of a pile fixed to the ground is inclined with respect to the direction in which gravity acts, that is, the vertical direction, that is, the deviation of the center line of the pile from the vertical direction. means a corner. The closer the verticality of the pile is to 0, the closer the center line of the pile is to the direction of gravity.

By the way, when a structure is supported by a column, the structure is generally placed at or near the head of the column. Therefore, when a support is installed at an angle from the vertical line, the weight of the structure always acts on the support as an eccentric load, and as a result, a bending moment acts on the support. This bending moment always applies a load to the strut and, in some cases, may cause fatigue failure of the strut, so it should be reduced or eliminated.

On the other hand, when a support is connected to a pile fixed to the ground, that is, when the apparent support (when the support and the pile are viewed as one support) adopts a two-part structure, the support The verticality depends on the verticality of the pile. Therefore, the present inventor recognized that fixing the pile to the ground with good verticality is essential for improving the verticality of the support.

Therefore, the inventor of the present invention aims to improve the verticality of a pile fixed to the ground, regardless of the number of columns supporting one structure, and thereby improve the verticality of the columns connected to the pile. In addition, we devised a way to prevent unexpected bending moments from occurring at the struts, especially at the starting point of the strut's bending.

In addition, when one structure is supported by multiple pillars parallel to each other and those pillars are connected to multiple piles, the distance between the piles must be adjusted during the work of fixing the multiple piles to the ground. It is required to improve accuracy, improve the verticality of each pile, and improve the parallelism of multiple piles.

The reason for this is, as described below, when the sign board is assembled and its multiple supports are attached to multiple stakes fixed to the ground, in other words, the relative positions are fixed ( A case in which a plurality of stakes (mutually restrained) are assembled to a plurality of pillars whose relative positions are fixed (mutually restrained) will be specifically described as an example.

In this case, if a connection structure is adopted in which the plurality of pillars are coaxially connected to the plurality of pillars (for example, a structure in which one member is inserted into a hollow hole of the other member), the pillar If the columns and stakes to be connected to each other are not arranged in a straight line so that they match both in position and orientation, it is difficult to assemble multiple columns, for example, a signboard, onto multiple stakes. becomes impossible.

More specifically, when multiple piles are fixed to the ground, if there is an error in the pile spacing and/or pile verticality, the upper end of the part of the pile that protrudes from the ground surface (i.e., (the part that should be connected to the lower end of the column) shifts laterally from the target position. At this time, at the upper end of the part of the pile that protrudes from the ground surface, the position error of the connection point with the ground of the pile is the error Δθ of the verticality of the pile, and the position error of the connection point of the pile that protrudes from the ground surface It tends to appear amplified depending on the length L of the portion.

Therefore, if a plurality of columns are forcibly assembled to a plurality of piles in spite of this, prying will occur between the two, and unexpected residual stress will be generated in each structural member. In particular, if the residual stress is tensile stress, it can cause cracks to occur in each structural member.

Therefore, the present inventor has proposed that when the number of pillars supporting one structure is multiple, the errors in the position and orientation of the piles fixed to the ground are reduced. We devised a way to allow it to be easily attached to book piles.

In addition, when columns are fixed to the ground using the above-mentioned root wrapping method, one continuous column exists both underground and in the air, so the orientation of multiple columns fixed to the ground may vary. It is assumed that the errors are unlikely to pose a problem in assembling the struts, or are unlikely to pose any problems.

In particular, as will be described below, a pair of supports are placed in their respective prepared holes with their relative positions fixed (e.g., after the assembly of a signboard is completed) before their respective concrete foundations have solidified. If inserted, geometric errors between the pair of struts will not introduce new serious problems.

(4) Construction period and cost

As mentioned above, the maximum period of use of the struts that belong to the category that the present inventor has focused on is short. Therefore, the construction period for installing and removing the pillars becomes longer, which in turn increases the construction cost, which reduces the net profit obtained from the use of the pillars. As a result, in some cases, construction costs may put pressure on net profits, leading to the risk that businesses involved in supporting the pillars may go bankrupt.

Therefore, in order to shorten the construction period for installing and removing pillars, the present inventor proposed a method in which workers can install and remove pillars manually using simple tools instead of heavy machinery. I devised a way to do it.

By the way, according to the above-mentioned root-wrapping method, it can be expected that the strength of the support can be managed without anxiety, based on the past results of the present inventor. However, this method requires the installation of pillars, which requires transporting heavy machinery in and out, using the heavy machinery to excavate the ground to create pilot holes, temporarily supporting the pillars, and creating concrete foundations. As a result, even in the removal work of the pillars, it is necessary to carry in and out heavy machinery, use the heavy machinery to excavate the ground, and use heavy machinery to remove the concrete foundation. As a result, the construction period tends to be extended and construction costs tend to increase.

Therefore, this neck-wrapping method was not suitable for the pillars that the present inventor is currently focusing on, both in terms of construction period and construction costs.

In short, the present inventor has discovered that it is possible to easily install and remove supports manually by workers in a short period of time without sacrificing the strength that has been achieved up to now for medium-sized supports. They researched and developed a method for fixing the pillars.

However, the method of fixing columns as a result of this research and development can be applied not only to medium-sized columns, but also to small and large columns. Furthermore, the method of fixing columns as a result of this research and development can be applied to fixing columns on soft ground, or when fixing columns on hard ground (e.g., hard ground, good ground, solid ground, dense ground). It can also be applied when fixing.

Against the background of the above-described circumstances, the present invention provides techniques for simplifying the work required for the installation and removal of columns and piles and/or relating to the position and orientation of the piles when they are driven into the ground. This was done with the aim of providing a technology that improves accuracy.

To solve that problem , according to one aspect of the invention, instead of using a concrete foundation, at least one pile is driven into the ground and used as a foundation to build at least one support column. A method of fixing to the ground,
A vertical hole is created in the ground by driving the pile into the original ground where a pilot hole has not been previously excavated, and sand is poured as a filler into the vertical hole that appears when the pile is subsequently pulled out. By driving, the sand put into the vertical hole and the surrounding soil are compacted while being pushed outward in stages. When the compaction is completed, the pile is placed in the ground with its upper end protruding from the ground surface. a piling step of placing the pile in the ground, thereby fixing the pile to the ground;
After the pile is fixed to the ground, a pillar connection step of connecting the support to the pile using a portion of the pile fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground surface.
A method of fixing a post is provided.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, instead of using a concrete foundation, a worker manually strikes at least one pile with a hammer and drives it into the ground, and uses the pile as a foundation. A method of fixing a book support to the ground,
a piling step of fixing the pile to the ground by driving the pile into the ground;
After the pile is fixed to the ground, a pillar connection step of connecting the support to the pile using a portion of the pile fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground surface;
Prior to driving the pile, a guide installation step in which a worker installs a pile guide tool that guides the pile in a vertically movable manner and a pile positioning tool that positions the pile in the horizontal direction on the ground surface,
In the pile driving step, a vertical hole is created in the ground by driving the pile into the original ground in which a pilot hole has not been previously excavated, and sand is poured as a filler into the vertical hole that appears when the pile is subsequently pulled out. Then, by driving the pile, the sand thrown into the vertical hole and the soil around it are forced outward in stages and compacted, and when the compaction is completed, the top of the pile is A method for fixing a post is provided, which includes the steps of placing the pile in the ground so as to protrude from the ground surface, thereby fixing the pile to the ground.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, instead of using a concrete foundation, a worker manually drives at least one pile into the ground and uses the pile as a foundation to install at least one support column into the ground. A method of fixing the
a piling step of fixing the pile to the ground by driving the pile into the ground;
After the pile is fixed to the ground, a pillar connection step of connecting the support to the pile using a portion of the pile fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground surface;
Prior to driving the pile, a guide installation step in which a worker installs a pile guide tool that guides the pile in a vertically movable manner and a pile positioning tool that positions the pile in the horizontal direction on the ground surface,
The pile guide device includes a guide pipe into which the pile is slidably fitted in the axial direction,
A pillar fixing method is provided, wherein the guide installation step includes a step of installing the pile guide tool relative to the pile positioning tool so that the guide pipe passes through a through hole of the pile positioning tool. Ru.

According to an aspect of the present invention, instead of using a concrete foundation, an operator manually drives at least one pile into the ground and uses the pile as a foundation to secure at least one support column to the ground. A method of
a piling step of fixing the pile to the ground by driving the pile into the ground;
After the pile is fixed to the ground, a pillar connection step of connecting the support to the pile using a portion of the pile fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground surface;
Prior to driving the pile, a method for fixing a pillar includes a guide installation step in which a worker installs a pile guide tool that guides the pile in a vertically movable manner and a pile positioning tool that positions the pile in the horizontal direction on the ground surface. is provided.

According to a first aspect of the invention, instead of using a concrete foundation, an operator hammers at least one pile having a generally circular cross section, a straight section and a pointed lower end. A method of fixing at least one pillar to the ground by driving it into the ground by hammering and using the pile as a foundation,
The driving and pulling of the pile into the original ground where no prepared hole has been previously excavated is repeated, and each time the pile is driven, a vertical hole is created in the ground by the pile itself, and the inside of the vertical hole that appears each time it is pulled out. Sand is poured into the vertical hole as a filler, and by repeated driving each time, the same pile gradually expands the sand and the surrounding soil that has been poured into the vertical hole outward and compacts it. When the compaction is completed, the pile is placed in the ground with its upper end protruding from the ground surface, thereby fixing the pile to the ground, a piling step;
After the pile is fixed to the ground, a post connecting step of coaxially connecting the post to the pile using a portion of the pile fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground surface. .

According to the second aspect of the present invention, instead of using a concrete foundation, a worker manually drives at least one pile into the ground and uses the pile as a foundation to install at least one support column into the ground. A method of fixing the
Driving the pile into the ground and pulling it out are repeated, and each time the pile is pulled out, sand is poured into a vertical hole made in the ground as a filler, and by each subsequent driving, the same pile is The sand and surrounding soil put into the vertical hole are compacted while being pushed outward in stages, and when the compaction is completed, the pile is inserted into the ground with its upper end protruding from the ground surface. a piling step of placing the pile in place, thereby fixing the pile to the ground;
After the pile is fixed to the ground, a pillar connecting step of coaxially connecting the pillar to the pile using a portion of the pile fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground surface;
Prior to the first driving, the worker can use the following methods: a pile guide tool that guides the pile in a vertically movable manner in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the pile; and a pile positioning tool that positions the pile in the horizontal direction on the ground surface. A method for fixing a post is provided, which includes: having a through hole for the pile to pass through; and installing a guide.

The following aspects can be obtained by the present invention. Each aspect is divided into sections, each section is numbered, and the numbers of other sections are cited as necessary. This is to facilitate understanding of some of the technical features that can be adopted by the present invention and their combinations, and the technical features that can be adopted by the present invention and their combinations are limited to the following aspects. It should not be interpreted as such. That is, it should be interpreted that technical features not described in the following embodiments but described in this specification may be appropriately extracted and adopted as technical features of the present invention.

Furthermore, it should be noted that the description of each section in the form of quoting the numbers of other sections does not necessarily prevent the technical features described in each section from being separated and independent from the technical features described in other sections. It should be interpreted that the technical features described in each section can be made independent as appropriate depending on the nature of the technical features described in each section.

(1) Instead of using a concrete foundation, a worker manually drives at least one pile into the ground and uses the pile as a foundation to fix at least one support column to the ground,
Driving the pile into the ground and pulling it out are repeated, and each time the pile is pulled out, sand is poured into a vertical hole made in the ground as a filler, and by each subsequent driving, the same pile is The sand and surrounding soil put into the vertical hole are compacted while being pushed outward in stages, and when the compaction is completed, the pile is inserted into the ground with its upper end protruding from the ground surface. a piling step of placing the pile in place, thereby fixing the pile to the ground;
After the pile is fixed to the ground, a pillar connecting step of connecting the pillar to the pile coaxially and in contact with each other using a portion of the pile fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground surface. How to fix the pillar.

(2) Furthermore,
Prior to the first driving, the worker can use the following methods: a pile guide tool that guides the pile in a vertically movable manner in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the pile; and a pile positioning tool that positions the pile in the horizontal direction on the ground surface. The method for fixing a post according to item (1), including the step of installing a guide having a through hole for the pile to pass through.

(3) The pile guide device includes a guide pipe into which the pile is slidably fitted in the axial direction,
The pillar fixing method according to item (2), wherein the guide installation step includes a step of installing the pile guide tool relative to the pile positioning tool so that the guide pipe passes through the through hole. .

(4) In the guide installation step, after the pile positioning tool is installed on the ground surface or near the ground surface, an operator uses the through hole of the installed pile positioning tool as a visual target to The method for fixing a post according to item (2) or (3), which includes the step of positioning a pile guide.

(5) The pile guide tool includes:
a guide pipe into which the pile is slidably fitted in the axial direction;
and an orientation adjustment mechanism for adjusting the orientation of the guide pipe,
Items (2) to (4) in which the guide installation step includes a step in which an operator adjusts the direction of the pile guide tool so that the guide pipe extends in the vertical direction by using the direction adjustment mechanism. The pillar fixing method described in any of the above.

(6) Furthermore,
Prior to the pillar connection step, the worker includes a guide removal step in which the worker removes the pile guide tool from the ground surface while leaving the pile positioning tool on the ground surface,
The pillar connecting step includes, after the pile guide tool is removed from the ground surface, (a) a worker coaxially covering the portion of the pile protruding from the ground surface with a reinforcing sleeve; and (b) a worker , further comprising the step of coaxially covering the hollow hole at the lower end of the support column over the reinforcing sleeve, thereby connecting the pile and the support support to each other in a triple cylinder structure via the reinforcing sleeve. The strut fixing method described in (3) or (5).

(7) Furthermore,
Prior to the pillar connection step, the worker includes a guide removal step in which the worker removes the pile guide tool from the ground surface while leaving the pile positioning tool on the ground surface,
In the pillar connecting step, after the pile guide tool is removed from the ground surface, (a) the worker coaxially covers the hollow hole at the lower end of the pillar over the part of the pile that protrudes from the ground surface, thereby (b) fixing, joining or fastening the lower end portion to the protruding portion, thereby attaching the pile and the support post to each other. The method for fixing columns according to item (3) or (5), in which the columns are coaxially connected to each other in a multi-tubular structure.

(8) The at least one post is used for displaying informational structures, including signboards, information boards or signs, or for fixing protective fences (1) to (7). ) method for fixing the pillar as described in any of the above.

(11) A method in which, instead of using a concrete foundation, a worker manually drives at least one pile into the ground and uses the pile as a foundation to fix at least one support to the ground,
The worker manually strikes the pile at its upper end with a hammer, so that the upper end of the pile protrudes above the ground surface into the original ground in which no vertical hole has been previously excavated. The driving process of driving in the same way,
After the first driving is completed, a worker uses a pile puller to manually pull out the driven pile from the ground, thereby creating a vertical hole in the ground;
After the first extraction is completed, a worker manually inserts sand into the vertical hole as a filler;
After the first sand injection, the worker uses the same pile to repeat the driving process, the pulling process, and the injection process in order, so that the same pile can absorb the sand and the sand poured into the vertical hole. A compaction process in which the surrounding soil is compacted while being pushed outward in stages,
Once the target compaction properties of the sand and surrounding soil have been achieved, placing the pile in the ground with its upper end protruding from the ground surface, thereby securing the pile to the ground;
After the pile is fixed to the ground, a worker inserts the part of the pile fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground into the hollow hole at the lower end of the support, thereby connecting the two. Including post fixing methods.

(12) Furthermore,
Prior to the first driving, a worker manually prepares to install a pile guide tool that guides the pile in a vertically movable manner so that the lower end of the pile is aligned with the target area on the ground surface where it should start entering. process and
The method for fixing a pillar according to item (11), further comprising a step of manually removing the pile guide tool by a worker after the pile is fixed to the ground.

(13) The connection step includes:
After removing the pile guide, a worker manually inserts the part of the pile that is fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground into the hollow hole at the lower end of the pillar so that the end surface of the lower end of the pillar is underground. an insertion step of inserting the device to a position where it is buried in the
The method for fixing a support according to item (12), further comprising a fastening step of fastening the support and the pile by an operator using a fastener after the insertion.

(14) The pile guide is constructed by connecting a plurality of pipes that intersect with each other using a plurality of orthogonal clamps to form a generally rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the plurality of pipes include: The method for fixing a post according to any one of items (11) to (13), wherein the method has the same number of guide pipes as the at least one pile, and each pile is slidably inserted into each guide pipe.

(15) The plurality of pipes have three or more support pipes erected on the ground in parallel positions, and each of the support pipes has a height adjustment mechanism independently of each other, The method for fixing a post according to item (14), wherein the orientation of the pile guide tool is adjusted three-dimensionally and the verticality of the guide pipe is adjusted.

(16) The at least one pile includes a plurality of piles,
The at least one pillar includes the same number of pillars as the plurality of stakes,
The pile guide tool is configured to guide the plurality of piles so as to be movable up and down, respectively, along a plurality of center lines parallel to each other, and
The pillar fixing method further includes:
Prior to the first driving, a pile spacing regulating tool is manually placed on the ground surface by an operator to define a target pile spacing at which the plurality of piles should be separated from each other in a plan view; a pile spacing regulating device installation step of installing a device to be used while being at least partially buried in the ground, in accordance with a plurality of target locations on the ground surface into which the plurality of piles are to be respectively driven;
The support according to any one of items (11) to (15), including a burying step of burying and retaining the pile spacing regulating device underground without removing the support after the support and the pile are connected. Fixing method.

(17) The pile spacing regulating device has a plurality of through holes that each pile should pass through at the same spacing as the target pile spacing,
The preparation step includes, after the pile spacing regulating device is installed, a step in which an operator positions the pile guide device using each through hole of the installed pile spacing regulating device as a visual target. The strut fixing method according to item (16).

(18) The pile guide tool according to any one of (12) to (15).

(19) The pile spacing regulating device described in (16).

(20) The pile spacing regulating device is placed at or near the ground surface with the plurality of piles fixed to the ground,
The pile spacing regulating device connects the plurality of piles to each other in a horizontal direction, thereby mechanically coupling the piles to each other so as to substantially prevent the piles from approaching or moving apart from each other. The pile spacing regulating device according to item (19) acts as a restraining tie bar.

(31) A method in which, instead of using a concrete foundation, a worker manually drives at least one pile into the ground and uses the pile as a foundation to fix at least one support to the ground,
a piling step of fixing the pile to the ground by driving the pile into the ground;
After the pile is fixed to the ground, a pillar connecting step of connecting the pillar to the pile coaxially and in contact with each other using a portion of the pile fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground surface. How to fix the pillar.

(32) Furthermore,
Prior to driving the pile, a pile guide tool that allows an operator to guide the pile in a vertically movable manner while contacting the outer circumferential surface of the pile, and a pile positioning tool that positions the pile on the ground surface in the horizontal direction, The method for fixing a post according to item (31), including the step of installing a guide having a through hole for the pile to pass through.

(33) The pile guide device includes a guide pipe into which the pile is slidably fitted in the axial direction,
The pillar fixing method according to item (32), wherein the guide installation step includes a step of installing the pile guide tool relative to the pile positioning tool so that the guide pipe passes through the through hole. .

(34) In the guide installation step, after the pile positioning tool is installed on the ground surface or near the ground surface, the operator uses the through hole of the installed pile positioning tool as a visual target to The method for fixing a post according to item (32) or (33), which includes the step of positioning a pile guide.

(35) The pile guide tool includes:
a guide pipe into which the pile is slidably fitted in the axial direction;
and an orientation adjustment mechanism for adjusting the orientation of the guide pipe,
Items (32) to (34) in which the guide installation step includes a step in which an operator adjusts the orientation of the pile guide tool so that the guide pipe extends in the vertical direction by using the orientation adjustment mechanism. The pillar fixing method described in any of the above.

(36) Furthermore,
Prior to the pillar connection step, the worker includes a guide removal step in which the worker removes the pile guide tool from the ground surface while leaving the pile positioning tool on the ground surface,
The pillar connecting step includes, after the pile guide tool is removed from the ground surface, (a) a worker coaxially covering the portion of the pile protruding from the ground surface with a reinforcing sleeve; and (b) a worker The method further includes the step of coaxially covering the hollow hole at the lower end of the support column on the reinforcing sleeve, thereby connecting the pile and the support column to each other in a triple cylinder structure via the reinforcing sleeve. The strut fixing method according to item (33) or (35).

FIG. 1 is a front view illustratively showing a standing signboard, together with columns and stakes, installed in a site by using a column fixing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view exemplarily showing how the signboard shown in FIG. 1 is installed in an area of the site adjacent to a sidewalk. FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the pile shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view exemplarily showing a fastener for tightening and fixing the pile shown in FIG. 2 to the support shown in the same figure. FIG. 5 shows a column fixing system used by an operator to carry out the column fixing method, which is used to guide the pile shown in FIG. 2 along the vertical direction when the pile is driven into the ground. FIG. 2 is a perspective view exemplarily showing a pile guide device including a base plate for defining the horizontal position of the pile on the ground surface. 6(a) is a side view showing a support pipe, a main horizontal pipe, and a guide pipe of the pile guide shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 6(b) is a plan view. FIG. 7 is a side view for explaining how the pile shown in FIG. 2 is guided in the vertical direction by the guide pipe and base plate shown in FIG. 5 when it is driven into the ground. FIG. FIG. 8 is a process diagram exemplarily showing an installation work in which a worker installs the standing signboard shown in FIG. 1 as a work in which the column fixing method is carried out. Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating how the base plate shown in Figure 5 is installed horizontally even though the original ground is sloped as part of the topsoil preparation process shown in Figure 8. FIG. Figure 10 shows the pile driving process shown in Figure 8, in which driving and pulling out of the pile into the ground is repeated, and each time the pile is pulled out, sand is poured as a filler into a vertical hole created in the ground. FIG. 3 is a plurality of vertical cross-sectional views for chronologically explaining the situation. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an example of a piling hammer used by an operator to drive a pile into the ground in the piling process shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of a pile extractor used by a worker to pull out piles from the ground in the pile driving process shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 13(a) is a side cross-sectional view for explaining the relative positional relationship between the pile, the guide pipe, and the base plate in the pile driving process shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a side sectional view for explaining the relative positional relationship between the pile, the pillar, the reinforcing sleeve, and the base plate in the pillar connection process shown in FIG. 8; FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the relative positional relationship between the pile, the support column, and the reinforcing sleeve in the support column connection process shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 15 is a process diagram illustrating a removal work in which a worker removes the signboard shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 16 is a perspective view illustrating how a plurality of types of equipment are removably attached to a signboard using one type of clamp according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17 is an enlarged plan view of a clamp for removably attaching the equipment shown in FIG. 16 to the signboard shown in the same figure, showing the locked position and the unlocked position. FIG. 18(a) is a plan view conceptually showing the clamp shown in FIG. 17 together with a first adapter attached to it, and FIG. 18(b) is a plan view conceptually showing the same clamp together with a second adapter attached to it. FIG. 2 is a conceptual plan view. FIG. 19(a) is a partial plan sectional view showing the coaxial connection structure between the pile and the column connected to it after driving, and FIG. 19(b) is a side sectional view showing the coaxial connection structure. be.

Hereinafter, some of the more specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

<One embodiment>

A strut securing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention is carried out by an operator using a strut securing system 10, which will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 5 below. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a signboard 20 installed in a site by implementing this method of fixing columns together with a pair of columns 22, 22 and a pair of stakes 30, 30.

The standing signboard 20 is a self-supporting type and a fixed type, and has a display board 40 as a structure supported by pillars 22, 22 at a position floating above the ground surface (ground surface, ground surface, support surface, etc.).

That is, the standing signboard 20 includes a pair of pillars 22, 22 vertically fixed to the ground of the site (an example of an area), and a display board 40 supported by being sandwiched from both sides by the pillars 22, 22. It is structured to include the following.

Each support column 22 is made of a square pipe with a side of 75 mm, whereas each stake 30 is made of a round bar with an outer diameter of about 50 mm. The round bar is, for example, solid or at least partially hollow.

The display board 40 may be horizontally long or vertically long. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the display board 30 is horizontally long. Specifically, the standing signboard 20 has a height dimension of about 3000 to about 4000 mm and a lateral dimension of about 2000 to about 3000 mm.

The standing signboard 20 is a double-sided display type, and therefore, the display board 40 has a front side (front side) display surface and a rear side (rear side) display surface. The same or different information can be displayed on the display surfaces on both sides.

The information is expressed, for example, by letters, numbers, figures, etc. For example, the number may be composed of a single number or a number of multiple digits.

FIG. 2 exemplarily shows how a standing signboard 20 is installed in an area adjacent to a sidewalk on a site. In this example, the standing signboard 20 is classified as a so-called outdoor signboard.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the pile 30. This pile 30 is of course classified as a ready-made pile. This pile 30 is made of steel, for example, and is closed at the head 50 (upper end or top end when driven into the ground) and tip 52 (lower end or lowest end when driven into the ground). Made of hollow pipe.

The total length of the pile 30 is about 1100 to about 1600 mm, and the diameter is about 50 mm. The pile 30 has a parallel portion (a portion extending straight in the same cross section) 54 at its axial center, and has tapered portions 56 and 58 at the front and rear thereof.

<Schematic explanation of coaxial insertion type connection structure between pile and support>

As shown in FIG. 2, a corresponding support 22 is inserted into each pile 30 driven into the ground and connected coaxially and in contact with each other. This connection structure is called a "coaxial insertion type connection structure."

This coaxial insertion type connection structure can be replaced with a connection structure in which the upper end surface of each pile 30 and the lower end surface of each support column 22 are butted together and bolted. In the insertion type connection structure, both components have contact surfaces in the axial direction, and cross-sectional force is transmitted to each other over a wider area.

Therefore, in the coaxial insertion type connection structure, the stress generated in the connection between the pile 30 and the support column 22 due to the lateral load acting on the display board 40 is dispersed in the axial direction, and as a result, stress concentration is reduced. suitable for. This coaxial insertion type connection structure will be described in detail later with reference to FIG. 13(b).

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view exemplarily showing a fastener 60 that tightens and fixes the pile 30 to the support column 22. In the fastener 60, a U-shaped bolt 62 is attached to the column 22 so as to partially surround the pile 30 inside the column 22, and a plurality of nuts 64 are attached to the column 30 from the outside. It is screwed into the part exposed from the outer surface of 22. In the support 22, a spacer 66 is appropriately interposed between the inner surface of the support 22 and the outer surface of the pile 30.

<Pole fixing system>

As shown in perspective view in FIG. 5, an operator uses a column fixing system 10 to carry out the column process method. The pillar fixing system 10 includes a pile guide tool 70 for vertically guiding the pile 30 when the pile 30 is driven into the ground by a worker, and a horizontal position of the pile 30 on the ground surface. It has a base plate (anchor plate) 72 for.

<Pile guide tool>

Roughly speaking, the pile guide tool 70 constitutes an example of a pile guide tool that guides the pile 30 in a vertically movable manner while being in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the pile. Further, the pile guide tool 70 is also referred to as an "upper guide" because it guides the portion of the pile 30 excluding the lower end.

Specifically, the pile guide tool 70 connects a plurality of pipes that intersect with each other at three levels in each of two floors to each other using a plurality of orthogonal clamps (not shown) so as to form a generally rectangular parallelepiped shape. Consisted of. The pipes have the same number of guide pipes 80 as the number of piles 30 (in the illustrated example, two). Each stake 30 is slidably fitted or inserted into each guide pipe 80. Each orthogonal clamp may be obtained commercially.

The plurality of pipes include three or more support pipes 82 (in the illustrated example, four support pipes arranged at each of the four vertices of a rectangle) that are erected on the ground in parallel to each other.

The support pipes 82 each have a height adjustment mechanism independently of each other. For one pile guide tool 70, the orientation (in particular, the direction) of the pile guide tool 70 is manually adjusted three-dimensionally by the operator through the cooperation of three or more height adjustment mechanisms, and the guide pipe The verticality of the guide pipe 80 (the angle θ of separation from the vertical direction of the center line of the guide pipe 80) is adjusted to be 0 degrees.

As the height adjustment mechanism, each support pipe 90 has a jack base 92, as shown in FIG. 6(a). The jack base 92 includes a base 94 that is attached to the lower end of each support pipe 82 and is grounded, a male thread 96 that is inserted into the support pipe 82, and a nut 98 that is screwed onto the male thread 96. It has a plurality of operation parts 100 extending radially outward from the nut 98.

While relative rotation between the base 94 and the male thread 96 is prevented, relative rotation and relative axial movement between the support pipe 82 and the male thread 96 are allowed. Therefore, by rotating the nut 98 via the operating section 100, the operator can raise and lower the nut 98, and in turn, expand and contract the entire length of each support pipe 90.

In order for an operator to visually accurately measure whether or not the guide pipe 80 is oriented in the vertical direction, the guide pipe 80 or at least one other pipe whose relative position relative to the guide pipe 80 is fixed is used. At least one level (not shown) is attached to the pipe.

As shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of pipes further include a plurality of main lateral pipes 110 and a plurality of sub-lateral pipes 112. The main horizontal pipe 110 and the secondary horizontal pipe 112 cross each other at right angles.

As shown in FIG. 6A, which is a side view, and FIG. , 90 sandwich the main horizontal pipe 110 from both sides so as to intersect with the pipes 80, 90 at right angles.

As shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), the guide pipe 80 is connected by a plurality of orthogonal clamps (not shown) so as to cross the main horizontal pipe 110 at right angles. The clamps are individually switched between a locked state and an unlocked state by an operator.

In the locked state, the guide pipe 80 is firmly (inseparably) fixed to the main horizontal pipe 110, while in the unlocked state, the guide pipe 80 cannot be separated from the main horizontal pipe 110 by the operator. It becomes possible. That is, the guide pipe 80 is detachably attached to the pile guide tool 70.

<Base plate>

As shown in FIG. 5, the base plate 72 schematically constitutes an example of a pile positioning device that horizontally positions the pile 30 on the ground surface and has a through hole 74 for the pile 30 to pass through. do. Furthermore, the base plate 72 also constitutes an example of a pile spacing defining device that defines a target pile spacing at which the pair of stakes 30, 30 should be separated from each other in plan view.

Furthermore, since the base plate 72 guides the lower end of the pile 30, it is also referred to as a "lower guide." Furthermore, the pile guide tool 70 and the base plate 72 are collectively referred to as a "vertical guide."

The base plate 72 further horizontally couples the pair of pegs 22, 22 to each other, thereby coupling the pegs 22, 22 together such that the pegs 22, 22 are substantially prevented from moving toward or away from each other. It acts as a tie bar that mechanically restrains the piles 22, 22 (for example, integrates them from a material mechanics perspective).

As a result, compared to the case where the base plate 72 is divided into individual piles 22 and installed discretely, it is promoted that the actual value of the pile spacing continuously matches the target value, and the ground is soft. Even in this case, the piles 22 are prevented from tilting apart at the ground level.

Specifically, the base plate 72 is mainly composed of, for example, a single steel plate 120 that extends linearly and does not deform when installed on the ground surface (for example, the plate thickness is about 3 mm). There is. 120 has two through holes 74 in total, one through hole 74 at each end thereof.

In the illustrated example, the base plate 72 includes, in addition to a steel plate 120, two short steel plates 122 that are stacked and fixed on both sides of the steel plate 120 in directions that intersect at right angles. Each steel plate 122 has one through hole 74 at each end, and the base plate 72 has six through holes 74 in total. As a result, by using the base plate 72, it is possible to drive six piles 30 into the ground at the same time with a defined mutual spacing.

<How to install the pile guide tool and base plate>

In order to install the pile guide tool 70 and the base plate 72 on the ground surface, an operator first installs the base plate 72 on or near the ground surface. Thereafter, an operator uses each through hole 74 of the installed base plate 72 as a visual target to move the pile guide tool 70 to each guide pipe 80 and each through hole (guide hole, positioning hole, etc.). ) 74 are positioned and installed so that they are both on a straight line.

<How to guide the pile during driving>

FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing how the pile 30 is guided in the vertical direction by the guide pipe 80 and the base plate 72 when the pile 30 is driven into the ground.

In this embodiment, one pile 30 is slidably fitted into the base plate 72 and the guide pipe 80 as two guides at two different locations in the axial direction, thereby forming a guide. be done. However, the present invention may be implemented in such a manner that one pile 30 is guided only at one location in the axial direction. The embodiment may be implemented as an embodiment in which only the guide pipe 80 is used, or may be implemented as an embodiment in which only the base plate 72 is used.

In this embodiment, at the same time that the pile 30 passes through the through hole 74 of the base plate 72, the guide pipe 80 also passes through the same through hole 74. As a result, the outer circumferential surface of the guide pipe 80 contacts the inner circumferential surface of the through hole 74 at the position of the base plate 72, for example, at a position on or near the ground surface, and at the same time, the inner circumferential surface of the guide pipe 80 contacts the inner circumferential surface of the through hole 74. The peripheral surface contacts the outer peripheral surface of the pile 30.

As a result, the base plate 72, the guide pipe 80, and the pile 30 are triple stacked in the diametrical direction. Its structure is a triple structure consisting of the pile 30 as the innermost cylinder or layer, the guide pipe 80 as the intermediate cylinder or layer, and the base plate 72 as the outermost cylinder or layer. This prevents the center line of the stake 30 from shifting laterally parallel to the center line of the through hole 74 of the base plate 72, and also prevents the center line of the stake 30 from shifting laterally in parallel to the center line of the through hole 74 of the base plate 72. It is suppressed from tilting.

In this embodiment, the lower end of the guide pipe 80 is attached to the base plate 72 so that the lower end of the guide pipe 80 is prevented from coming off upward from the base plate 72 during driving of the pile 30. It protrudes from the underside of the earth and is buried underground. However, the initial value of the protrusion length may be about 20 mm.

<Signboard installation work>

FIG. 8 is a process diagram illustrating an installation work in which a worker installs the upright signboard 20 shown in FIG. 1 on a site before use, as a work in which the above-mentioned pillar fixing method is carried out.

1. Topsoil preparation process

When the installation work is started, as shown in FIG. 8, a topsoil preparation process is first performed as the first step. Specifically, for the area of the site where the signboard 20 is planned to be installed, a worker conducts a topographic survey (for example, survey of the slope of the ground surface) and a soil survey (for example, survey of the softness of the ground). conduct. Thereafter, the worker determines the planned installation location of the signboard 20.

Next, if the ground surface of the part of the original ground corresponding to the planned installation location of the signboard 20 is not a horizontal surface, the worker will As illustrated in the side cross-sectional view of (configured), at least the topsoil of the planned installation location, that is, the topsoil of the area including the silhouette drawn when the standing signboard 20 is projected from directly above, for example. Excavation is carried out, thereby creating a horizontal excavation surface, that is, a construction base surface for installing the standing signboard 20.

2. Upper and lower guide installation process

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, an upper and lower guide installation process is performed as a second step. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the operator installs a base plate 72 as a lower guide on the construction base surface.

After installing the base plate 72, the operator installs the two base plates 72 installed earlier relative to the two guide pipes 80, 80 of the pile guide tool 70 that will be installed from now on. Using the through holes 74, 74 as visual targets, the pile guide tool 70 is positioned and installed on the construction base.

Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 13(a), the worker moves the pile guide tool 70 relative to the base plate 72 so that the guide pipe 80 passes through the through hole 74 of the base plate 72. Installed on the construction base.

Furthermore, the operator adjusts the length of at least one of the four support pipes 90 of the installed pile guide tool 70 by operating the corresponding jack base 92, thereby adjusting the length of at least one of the four support pipes 90 of the installed pile guide tool 70. The guide pipes 80 also extend vertically, and at the same time, the guide pipes 80 extend parallel to each other. As a result, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the center line of each guide pipe 80 and the center line of the corresponding through hole 74 coincide with each other.

3. Pile driving process

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8, a piling process is performed as a third step.

Specifically, the worker repeatedly drives the pile 30 into the ground and pulls it out. The operator throws sand as a filler into the vertical hole 140 (see FIG. 7) created in the ground after each extraction.

By repeated driving each time thereafter, the same pile 30 compacts the sand 150 (see FIG. 7) introduced into the vertical hole 140 and the surrounding soil while gradually expanding outward. When the compaction is completed, the worker places the pile 30 in the ground with its upper end protruding from the ground surface, thereby fixing the pile 30 to the ground.

Figure 10 shows the process of repeatedly driving and pulling out piles into the ground, and how sand is poured as a filler into a vertical hole 140 created in the ground each time the pile is pulled out. It is a plurality of vertical cross-sectional views for sequentially explaining.

The figure shows the changes in the ground cross section for the 1st (n = 1) cycle, the nth cycle, and the final cycle among the multiple cycles that make up one pile driving process. Shown chronologically.

In the final cycle, the worker drives the pile 30 into the ground and then applies rotational force, axial force, vibration (for example, sound waves), etc. to the pile 30 to remove the sand 150 and the surrounding soil. Whether the degree of compaction (for example, earth pressure) has reached the target value is evaluated subjectively or objectively using a sensor.

When the target degree of soil compaction is achieved, the operator places the pile 30 underground.

In each cycle, the pile 30 is driven in stages by, for example, an operator repeatedly free-falling the pile driving hammer 200 shown in FIG. 11, for example. The pile driving hammer 200 includes, for example, a generally cylindrical weight portion 202 having a bottomed hole extending upward from a lower end, and a pair of grip portions 204, 204 extending from the outer peripheral surface of the weight portion 202.

As shown in FIG. 7, the total length of the pile 30 is longer than the total length of the guide pipe 80. Therefore, when the pile 30 is driven into the ground to a position where its upper end almost coincides with the upper end of the guide pipe 80, the upper end position of the pile 30, that is, the pile cap level, is the entire length of the guide pipe 80 from the ground surface to the air. The height approximately corresponds to that of the raised position. At this time, the pile tip depth, which is the depth of the tip 52, that is, the tip of the pile 30 driven into the ground, is the length of the part from the ground surface to the ground, subtracting the total length of the guide pipe 80 from the total length of the pile 30. This will almost match the position you descended in.

The appropriate value of the pile tip depth depends on the softness of the soil into which the pile 30 is to be driven, but the pile tip depth is selected to be approximately 700 mm or more, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 13(b). Ru.

On the other hand, in each cycle, the pile 30 is pulled out in stages by, for example, an operator repeatedly operating the pile puller 300 shown in FIG. 12, for example.

The pile extractor 300 includes, for example, a base 302 that is grounded, a lever 304, and an engagement tool 306 that detachably engages with the pile 30. The lever 304 is swingable with respect to a force point operated by the operator, a fulcrum supported on the base 302, and an engaging tool (for example, a metal fitting having a U-shaped grip corresponding to the diameter of the pipe to be pulled out) 306. and a point of application connected to.

When the operator repeatedly tilts the lever 304 in a direction that draws it toward himself, the operating force applied by the operator to the force point of the lever 304 is doubled due to the lever principle. The boosted operating force is transmitted to the stake 30 via the engagement tool 306 as a pulling force.

When the pile 30 is pulled out using the pile puller 300, the guide pipe 80 prevents the pile puller 300 from directly accessing the outer peripheral surface of the pile 30, as shown in FIG. Prior to this, it is necessary for the worker to temporarily pull out the guide pipe 80 from the pile 30 that has been driven into the ground.

Therefore, the operator first unlocks the orthogonal clamps that are involved in the guide pipe 80 in the pile guide tool 70, thereby making the guide pipe 80 separable from the pile guide tool 70. In this state, the worker pulls out the guide pipe 80 from underground. After that, the worker attaches the pile extractor 300 to the pile 30.

When the pile 30 is pulled out, the operator attaches the removed guide pipe 80 to the original position in the pile guide tool 70, and then the next driving is performed using the same guide pipe 80.

4. Pile guide removal process

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8, a pile guide removal process is performed as a fourth step. Specifically, the worker removes the pile guide tool 70 from the ground surface and collects it. At that time, the operator leaves the base plate 72 on the ground surface.

As a result, after the signboard 20 is installed, the base plate 72 becomes a member that reinforces the pair of supports 22, 22 of the signboard 20 (for example, horizontally supports the pair of supports 22, 22) on the ground or underground. It will function as a restraining tie bar).

5. Pillar connection process

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8, a strut connection process is performed as a fifth step. Specifically, after the pile 30 is fixed to the ground as described above, the worker removes the portion of the pile 30 that is fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground surface, as illustrated in FIG. 13(b). Each support 22 of the signboard 20 is connected to the stake 30 coaxially and in contact with each other.

FIG. 13(b) is a side cross-sectional view for explaining the relative positional relationship between the pile 30, the column 22, the reinforcing sleeve 400, and the base plate 72 in this column connection step. Moreover, FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the relative positional relationship between the pile 30, the support column 22, and the reinforcing sleeve 400 in this support column connection step.

Specifically, in this pillar connection process, the worker first attaches a reinforcing sleeve 400 (in the illustrated example, it is made of a round pipe, but it can also be made of a square pipe) on the part of the pile 30 that protrudes from the ground surface. (possible) can be coaxially covered.

Next, the operator coaxially covers the hollow hole at the lower end of the support 22 (in the illustrated example, it is made of a square pipe, but it may also be made of a round pipe) onto the reinforcing sleeve 400. Thereby, the worker connects the pile 30 and the support column 22 to each other in a triple-tube type connection structure by using the reinforcing sleeve 400 as an intervening material between the two.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 13(b), the operator inserts the reinforcing sleeve 400 so that the lower end of the reinforcing sleeve 400 penetrates the through hole 74 of the base plate 72 and extends deeper, for example, from about 100 mm to about 100 mm. Bury it in the ground so that it settles to a tip depth of 200mm. The reinforcing sleeve 400 may be embedded by an operator hitting the upper end surface of the reinforcing sleeve 400 with a hammer.

As shown in FIG. 13(b), the reinforcing sleeve 400 completely passes through the through hole 74 of the base plate 72 and is embedded in the ground. Therefore, a layout is realized in which the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the pile 30 and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 74 of the base plate 72 is reduced. Thanks to this layout, the pile 30 and the support column 22 are prevented from wobbling laterally within the through hole 74, and the ground is strengthened by the reinforcing sleeve 400 embedded in the ground. 22's postural stability is improved.

In this strut connection step, the operator further tightens and fixes the strut 22 to the pile 30 using a fastener 60, as illustrated in FIG. This prevents the support 22 from coming off the pile 30 in the axial direction. The tightening and fixing by the fastener 60 is performed, for example, at at least one axial position of the column 22 that is not covered by the reinforcing sleeve 400, as shown in FIG. 13(b), for example.

By the way, prior to the execution of this pillar connection process, each pillar 22 is already attached to the display board 40 together with the other pillars 22 forming a pair, so it is in a state where it cannot freely move independently. There are two options: one is in a completed state except for the part 30, and the other is a state in which each pillar 22 is not yet attached to the display board 40 and can be separated from other parts and can be used freely, that is, the signboard 20 is not completed. There is an option to be in the state. This embodiment is applicable under either option.

However, in one example of this embodiment, the former option is adopted. Thereby, it becomes possible to perform the work of attaching each support 22 to the display board 40 on a level ground and in parallel with the construction of the piles 30, which provides the advantage of improving work efficiency.

On the other hand, when the signboard 20 is completed in its main body, the pair of pillars 22, 22, whose relative positions are fixed, are connected to a pair of stakes 30, 30 driven into the ground. Similarly, it is necessary to connect it to something whose relative position is fixed. Therefore, almost perfect geometrical consistency is required between the center lines of the pair of support columns 22, 22 and the center lines of each of the pair of stakes 30, 30.

Here, "almost perfect geometrical consistency" means that the pair of supports 22, 22 are almost completely parallel to each other, and that the pair of stakes 30, 30 are almost completely parallel to each other. This means that the distance between the pair of support columns 22, 22 and the distance between the pair of stakes 30, 30 almost completely match each other at the same time.

In this way, in order to satisfy the requirement that the pair of support columns 22, 22 and the pair of piles 30, 30 be made to match almost completely geometrically, in this embodiment, the actual orientation of each pile 30 is set as a target. In order to accurately match the position, a pile guide 70 for adjusting the orientation of the upper part of each pile 30 and a base plate 72 for adjusting the orientation of the lower part of each pile 30 are used together.

6. Topsoil backfilling process

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8, a topsoil backfilling process is performed as a sixth step. Specifically, the worker buries the base plate 72 underground by mounding it up, as illustrated in FIG. 13(b). If the original ground surface is a slope, the initially excavated portion is backfilled and restored by filling the base plate 72 with earth to match the original ground surface.

As described above, the one-time signboard installation work is a simple manual task performed by the operator without using heavy machinery or digging into the ground, and does not require advanced skills or years of experience. This ends the process.

<Signboard removal work>

FIG. 15 is a process diagram illustrating a removal work in which a worker removes the standing signboard 20 after use.

<1. Demolition process＞

First, as shown in the figure, a disassembly process is performed as a first step. Specifically, by loosening the fasteners 60, an operator separates each post 22 from the pile 30 to which it is connected. As a result, the pair of piles 30, 30 protrude from the ground surface while being covered by their respective reinforcing sleeves 400.

<2. Pile removal process＞

Next, as shown in the figure, a pile extraction process is performed as a second step.

Specifically, first, an operator manually removes each reinforcing sleeve 400 from each pile 30 by using the first pile extractor 300 that has an engaging tool 306 that matches the diameter of the reinforcing sleeve 400. Pull it out.

Next, the operator uses a second pile puller 300 (which may be the same one used in the pile driving process during the installation work described above) having an engagement tool 306 that matches the diameter of the pile 30. ), each pile 30 is manually pulled out of the ground. As a result, a pair of vertical holes 140, 140 created by a pair of piles 30, 30 remain underground.

<3. Base plate removal process>

Thereafter, as shown in the figure, a base plate removal process is performed as a third step. Specifically, first, the worker removes the soil covering the buried base plate 72, and as a result, the base plate 72 is exposed. Next, the operator removes the base plate 72 from the ground and collects it.

<4. Topsoil restoration process＞

Subsequently, as shown in the figure, a topsoil restoration process is carried out as the fourth step. Specifically, the worker backfills and levels the area of the site where the topsoil has not been leveled because the winning signboard 20 has been removed by appropriately mounding the site.

As described above, one-time billboard removal work can be done by a simple manual worker without the use of heavy machinery or excavation of the ground, and does not require advanced skills or years of experience. This ends the process.

In addition, in this embodiment, in the pile driving process shown in FIG. 8, driving and pulling out the pile 30 and throwing in sand are performed repeatedly. If there is no such material, the pile 30 may be driven only once and the introduction of sand into the vertical hole 140 may be omitted.

However, even in this case, if the pile guide tool 70 and the base plate 72 are used, and/or the triple cylinder type connection structure described above is used between the pile 30 and the pillar 22, the pillar The effect of ensuring the reliability of the assembly of the support columns 22 (pile spacing and verticality/parallelism) and/or ensuring the connection strength (for example, bending rigidity) of the support columns 22 is achieved.

Above, we have illustratively described a scenario in which the pillars 22, 22 of the signboard 20 are fixed to the ground of a site (for example, used as a parking lot) using the original driven pile construction method according to the present embodiment. The construction method is based on a construction method in which other equipment used together with the standing signboard 20, such as a box-shaped body such as a ticket vending machine, ticket issuing machine, and payment machine, and a support such as a security light, are installed on a similar site (for example, It can be used to install hollow cylinders).

For example, when installing a ticket vending machine with a hollow box-shaped frame (e.g., a hollow box-shaped body) on a site, one or more piles 30 driven into the ground using the same pile construction method are used as described above. It is inserted into the center hole of the bottom plate of the box-shaped frame, thereby firmly connecting the ticket vending machine to the stake 30.

<Advantages of the driven pile method according to this embodiment over the root-wrapped pile method>

1. Advantage of shortened construction period

The applicant conducted a test construction in which one billboard 20, one ticket vending machine, and five security lights were installed on the same site. The time taken to construct the plurality of piles 30 using the driven pile construction method was approximately 4 hours.

On the other hand, by using the above-mentioned root-wrapping pile construction method, a plurality of columns 22 (a pair of columns for the signboard 20, a plurality of columns for the ticket vending machine, and a plurality of columns for the security lights) are installed. (including the pillars), the worker, for example, sequentially performs the following steps.

(1) The process of drilling the same number of pilot holes as the number of pillars 22 into the ground

(2) Process of preparing ready-mixed concrete (or mortar) for all supports 22

(3) The step of inserting all the pillars 22 into their prepared holes and installing them on the site (however, the pair of pillars 22, 22 for the standing signboard 20 are installed in the state where both are attached to the display board 30, i.e. In the completed state of the signboard 20, it is inserted into each prepared hole and installed on the site)

(4) Step of pouring the prepared ready-mixed concrete into multiple prepared holes

(5) A step of aligning the installed signboard 20 so that its lateral direction almost completely coincides with the horizontal direction.

(6) To prevent each support 22 from tilting unexpectedly or falling before the ready-mixed concrete has completely solidified in each prepared hole, the lower end of the support 22 (for example, the portion protruding from the ground surface) ) The process of installing reinforcing diagonals (braces) on

(7) Step of waiting until the fresh concrete solidifies

As a comparative test for the test construction, the applicant drove the same number of supports 22 into the ground as the plurality of piles 30 in the test construction using the neck-wrapping pile method. spent.

As is obvious from the above description, according to this embodiment, it is possible to complete the construction of the pile 30 in a significantly shorter time than when using the neck-wrapping pile method, and the construction period required for pile construction is shortened. Accordingly, the construction costs required for pile construction are also reduced.

Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, although it is normal for a plurality of piles 30 to be constructed one after another rather than all at once, when the construction of a certain pile 30 is completed in several hours, another work related to that pile 30 is completed. can be performed by another worker. As a result, according to the present embodiment, construction of another pile 30 can be performed simultaneously and in parallel with the work related to a completed pile 30. Here, the "other work" includes, for example, electrical work performed on the signboard 20. The electrical work includes installing a signboard light for night illumination on the top of the signboard 20, and wiring work to supply power to the signboard light.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to perform a plurality of types of necessary work at least partially in parallel on the same site, thereby improving overall work efficiency.

On the other hand, when using the wrap-around pile method, work associated with any of the supports 22 (such as necessary electrical work) cannot be performed until the concrete has hardened for all of the supports 22. . Therefore, after the concrete foundations for all the columns 22 are completed, the work associated with these columns 22 is started not as a parallel operation but as a series operation.

As a result, when using the neck-wrapping pile method, multiple types of work can only be performed with significantly lower efficiency than the work efficiency in this embodiment.

2. Advantage of reduced underground installation space for piles

As is clear from the above description, in this embodiment, the pile 30 is driven into the ground before the support 22 is fixed to the ground, and at this time, the pile 30 functions as a hole-drilling tool, thereby , a vertical hole 140 is constructed underground having approximately the same diameter as the diameter of the pile 30.

By the way, according to the above-mentioned root-wrapping pile method, a pilot hole is excavated in the ground before the pillar is embedded in the ground. The pilot hole is drilled to have a cross-section larger than the outer diameter of the column, taking into account the size of the concrete foundation that will surround the lower end of the column when the column is embedded in the pilot hole. .

Furthermore, according to this neck-wrapping pile method, as described above, before the concrete foundation hardens, the reinforcing diagonal members mentioned above extend laterally from each column at the lower end of each column. Since the reinforcing diagonal members are attached to the ground, additional space is required on the ground surface as well.

Therefore, when using this pile pile method, if the pile is installed within the site near the boundary line with the adjacent land, the pilot hole, concrete foundation, and reinforcing diagonal material must be placed within the adjacent land. It is necessary to move the pillars away from the boundary line closer to the site to prevent them from entering. Therefore, when adopting this neck-wrapping pile method, it is difficult to install the supports as close to the boundary line as possible within the site, thereby minimizing the possibility that the supports become obstacles within the site. It is.

On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, the vertical hole 140 is constructed underground at the same position as the pile 30 and has approximately the same diameter. Since the depth of each pile 30 is so deep that diagonals are not required (for example, 700 mm, 800 mm, or 900 mm or more), the piles 30 and the columns 22 connected to them are installed as close to the boundary line as possible within the site. This makes it easier.

In the embodiment described above, the support column 22 and the pile 30 are coaxially connected to each other in a triple cylinder structure via the reinforcing sleeve 400 as a third member or an intermediate member.

On the other hand, in a modified example, as illustrated in FIGS. 19(a) and 19(b), the pile 30 and the support column 22 are coaxially arranged in a double cylinder structure without using a third member or an intermediate member. are connected to each other.

Figure (a) is a partial plan cross-sectional view showing the coaxial connection structure between the pile 30 and the column 22 connected thereto after driving, and Figure (b) is a side cross-sectional view showing the coaxial connection structure. It is a diagram.

The coaxial connection structure includes a plurality of guide plates 600 that are axially discretely fixed within the central hole 22b of the lower end 22a of the column 22. As shown in the figure, the number may be two, or it may be a larger number, for example, three or four.

At the lower end 22a of the support 22 (the part of the support 22 that is connected to the upper end of the pile 30), the larger the number of guide plates 600 per predetermined axial length (higher density), the higher the density of each guide plate 600. The load acting on the connection point between the support column 22 and the pile 30 via the plate 600 is reduced. Therefore, the higher the density of the guide plate 600, the more widely the load is dispersed in the axial direction in the connection between the support column 22 and the pile 30, and the stress is dispersed over a wide range without being concentrated locally. As a result, stress concentration is alleviated.

Each guide plate 600 generally has a plate shape, and in one example, has an outer shape smaller than the cross-sectional shape of the central hole 22b (for example, the guide plate 600 can pass through the central hole 22b in a predetermined posture). The support part 602 has an external shape that allows for the following: and a mounting part 604 that is bent at one end of the support part 602. The support portion 602 and the attachment portion 604 may be constructed as an integral part or as separate parts.

The support portion 602 has a through hole 603 through which the pile 30 passes, thereby fixing the radial position of the pile 300.

On the other hand, the attachment portion 604 is attached to a predetermined axial position of the central hole 22b. The attachment is performed, for example, by screwing or welding to the side wall of the support column 22.

Furthermore, this attachment part 604 uses a fastener 610 such as a set screw (a male thread for pressing the tip of the member against a mating member and fixing the mating member) to attach the support 22 and the stake 30 in a predetermined axial direction. used for fixing.

The fastener 610 has an internal thread formed through the side wall of the support column 22 (in this case, a through hole is formed in the attachment part 604), or an internal thread formed in the attachment part 604 (in this case, a through hole is formed in the attachment part 604). A through hole is formed in the side wall). In its threaded state, fastener 610 engages the outer surface of stake 30 at its tip. Due to this engagement, the stake 30 is pressed against the circumferential surface of the through hole 603 of the guide plate 600. By this pressing, the support column 22 is positioned with respect to the pile 30 in both the axial direction and the radial direction, and the support column 22 is prevented from detaching from the pile 30 in the axial direction.

When this coaxial connection structure is adopted, the above-mentioned pillar connection step is performed, for example, after the pile guide tool 70 is removed from the ground surface, (a) an operator attaches the pillar 22 to the part of the pile 30 that protrudes from the ground surface. (b) fixing, joining or fastening the lower end 22a to the protruding portion; This step includes a step of coaxially connecting the pile 30 and the support column 22 to each other in a double cylinder structure.

<Another embodiment>

Referring now to FIGS. 16-18, a billboard according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described. However, elements common to the previous embodiment will be referred to using the same reference numerals or names to omit redundant explanation, and only different elements will be explained in detail.

As shown in FIG. 1, the standing signboard 20 has a pair of pillars 22, 22, and in one example, each pillar 22 is configured as a square pipe.

By the way, if the purpose of the standing signboard 20 is, for example, a signboard for a parking lot, electric lights (for example, security lights) to illuminate the display board 30 of the standing signboard 20 at night or lights that illuminate the premises day and night may be used. Regardless of the parking lot, a surveillance camera for photographing and monitoring the parking lot is removably attached to a high part of the pillar 22, for example, near the upper end.

As illustrated in FIG. 16, in order to removably attach equipment 520, 522 such as electric lights (for example, security lights) and surveillance cameras to the support column 22, for example, the above-mentioned commercially available products (standard products) are used. A clamp 500 is used, such as an orthogonal clamp. This clamp 500 is known as a fitting that straddles two parts, a fitting that tightens and fixes two parts, and the like.

This figure exemplarily shows in a perspective view how a plurality of types of accessories 520 and 522 are removably attached to the signboard 20 using one type of clamp 500.

FIG. 17 shows an enlarged plan view of a clamp 500 that is removably attached to the support 22 made of a square pipe in a locked position and an unlocked position. The illustrated example is a parallel clamp (or flexible clamp) that clamps two pipes parallel to each other, but as illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 18, two pipes are clamped in a vertically intersecting posture. It is also possible to employ orthogonal clamps (or fixed clamps).

As shown in FIG. 17, regardless of the type, the clamp 500 includes a first holding part 504 for removably holding a first pipe 502 (for example, a support 22 made of a square pipe), and a second for removably holding a pipe 506 (e.g., a round pipe 506 of the adapters 530, 532 (described in detail later with reference to FIG. 18) used to attach accessories 520, 522). It has a second holding part 508. These holding parts 504 and 508 are connected by a connecting part 510 so that they cannot be relatively displaced if it is a fixed clamp, and are connected so that they can be relatively displaced if it is a flexible clamp.

The first holding portion 504 is in a locked position shown by a two-dot chain line in the figure, that is, a position where the first pipe 502 is fixed to the clamp 500, and in an unlocked position shown in the same figure as a solid line, that is, a position where the first pipe 502 is clamped. 500 to a releasable position.

Similarly, the second holding portion 508 is also placed in a locked position shown by a two-dot chain line in the same figure, that is, a position where the second pipe 506 is fixed to the clamp 500, and an unlocked position shown in the same figure as a solid line, that is, a position where the second pipe 506 is fixed to the clamp 500. 506 is switched to a position where it can be released from the clamp 500.

FIG. 18(a) is a plan view conceptually showing a clamp 500 together with a first adapter 530 attached thereto, and FIG. 18(b) is a plan view conceptually showing the same clamp 500 together with a second adapter 532 attached thereto. FIG. 2 is a conceptual plan view.

In this embodiment, in order to attach the fittings 520, 522 to the first pipe 502 by the clamp 500, first and second fittings are manufactured according to the geometric characteristics of the fittings 520, 522, respectively. Adapters 530, 532 are used. Specifically, a first adapter 530 is used to attach a first fitment 520 to the clamp 500, while a second adapter 532 is used to attach a second fitment 522 to the same clamp 500. is used.

Both adapters 530 and 532 have a two-part structure, specifically, an attachment 550 as a first part attached to the mounting bracket 540 of the accessories 520 and 522, and a second holding part 508. and a second pipe 506 as a second portion to be held.

The attachment 550 is a special item for the equipment 520, 522 to be attached, at least in terms of installation specifications (e.g., number and arrangement of screw holes), whereas the second pipe 506 is specific to the type of the corresponding clamp 500. This is a common item for the equipment 520 and 522 to be installed in a one-to-one correspondence. Typically, attachment 550 and second pipe 506 are manufactured separately and then joined together to form one finished adapter 530, 532.

When the mounting bracket 540 and the attachment 550 are screwed together, the same number of screw holes 560 and 562 are formed in the mounting bracket 540 and the attachment 550 in the same arrangement (eg, pitch and orientation). However, the mounting specifications (number and arrangement of screw holes 560) of the mounting bracket 540 differ depending on the type of equipment 520, 522.

Therefore, adapters 530 and 532 exist for each type of equipment 520 and 522 (type of attachment specification). However, in the adapters 530, 532, the second pipe 506 is common regardless of the type of the equipment 520, 522, whereas the attachment 550 is the same regardless of the type of the equipment 520, 522 (the type of installation specification ) varies depending on

Therefore, regardless of the type of adapters 530 and 532, since the second pipe 506 is common to each other, only one type of clamp 500 is necessary. On the other hand, since the adapters 530 and 532 differ with respect to the attachment 550 depending on the type of the equipment 520 and 522, the adapters 530 and 532 are dedicated items for each of the equipment 520 and 522.

By the way, conventionally, in order to install the equipment 520, 522 at a high place of the support 22 at the site (for example, a parking lot), a worker has to check the installation specifications of the equipment 520, 522 during work at a high place. In conjunction with this, drilling work was sometimes performed on the wall of the support column 22.

In contrast, according to the present embodiment, the same drilling work is performed not at the site, but at a manufacturing site such as a factory, by the same worker as the worker going to the installation site, or by the same worker going to the installation site, before transporting to the site. It becomes possible for another worker who cannot go to the attachment 550 to perform drilling work on the attachment 550 as work on a flat or low place. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is no longer essential to perform the drilling work at a high place, so the burden on the worker is reduced.

Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the plurality of types of equipment 520, 522 are not directly attached to the clamp 500, but indirectly attached to the clamp 500 via the corresponding adapters 530, 532. Therefore, according to this embodiment, regardless of the types of equipment 520, 522 to be attached, the type of clamp 500 is unified to one type as long as the type of support 22 is the same. As a result, the clamp 500 can be easily stored and managed before use.

That is, according to this embodiment, the compatibility or versatility of the clamp 500 with respect to the types of accessories 520, 522 is expanded due to the presence of the adapters 530, 532.

Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, because the clamp 500 that arrived at the site was not a genuine product and did not fit the equipment 520, 522 that arrived at the site together, another regular clamp 500 was replaced at the same site. This eliminates the need for the extra effort of transporting the product to another location.

As is clear from the above description, in this embodiment, an operator uses a commercially available clamp (for example, a two-member connection type) to attach a first object (for example, the support column 22) to a second object (for example, To solve the problem of reducing the burden on a worker due to an increase in the types of second objects that may be attached to a first object of the same type in the work of attaching equipment (520, 522). This is what was done.

In order to solve this problem, according to this embodiment, the following technical idea is adopted.

That is, (a) a first technique in which a commercially available or standard clamp is used to attach a second object (e.g., equipment 520, 522) to a first object (e.g., post 22); and (b) the clamp indirectly grips a second object via an adapter, and the adapter is connected to a first part attached to the second object and a second part gripped by the clamp. The first part is made to have a different geometry depending on the type of the second object, while the second part is made to have a different geometry depending on the type of clamp. Based on the second technical idea of manufacturing objects with only one type of geometry, an adapter-mediated object attachment method or a clamp adapter is adopted as a means to solve the problem.

According to the present embodiment, as is obvious from the above description, a worker can attach any type of clamp to one type of first object at any of a plurality of sites without using only one type of clamp. This has the effect of making it possible to removably attach a second object (for example, work at heights), and simplifying the work associated with it (for example, the work of storing and managing clamps). It will be done.

In this embodiment, the "adapter" is interposed between the clamp and the second object as exemplified above, but instead of this, the "adapter" is interposed between the clamp and the first object. The first adapter may be interposed between the clamp and the first object, and the second adapter may be interposed between the clamp and the second object. may be done.

In addition, as a prior art document regarding a clamp as a tool that connects a plurality of members to each other in a three-dimensionally intersecting manner, there is, for example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-127272.

Some of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail based on the drawings, but these are merely examples, and those skilled in the art will be able to understand the embodiments including the embodiments described in the above [Summary of the Invention] column. It is possible to implement the present invention in other forms with various modifications and improvements based on knowledge.

Claims (3)

Instead of using a concrete foundation, at least one pile is hammered into the ground, and the pile is used as a foundation to fix at least one support to the ground, the method comprising:
A vertical hole is created in the ground by driving the pile into the original ground where a pilot hole has not been previously excavated, and sand is poured as a filler into the vertical hole that appears when the pile is subsequently pulled out. By driving, the sand put into the vertical hole and the surrounding soil are compacted while being pushed outward in stages. When the compaction is completed, the pile is placed in the ground with its upper end protruding from the ground surface. a piling step of placing the pile in the ground, thereby fixing the pile to the ground;
After the pile is fixed to the ground, a post connecting step of connecting the support to the pile using a portion of the pile fixed to the ground that protrudes from the ground surface. The method according to claim 1, further comprising, prior to driving the pile, a guide installation step of installing a pile guide tool that guides the pile in a vertically movable manner and a pile positioning tool that horizontally positions the pile on the ground surface. How to fix the pillar. The pile guide tool is
a guide pipe into which the pile is slidably fitted in the axial direction;
and an orientation adjustment mechanism for adjusting the orientation of the guide pipe,
3. The post fixing method according to claim 2, wherein the guide installation step includes a step of adjusting the orientation of the pile guide tool using the orientation adjustment mechanism so that the guide pipe extends in the vertical direction.

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