JP2024014865A - load-bearing wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To prevent gaps from forming at the joints between a load-bearing wall and other structural parts provided in contact with the load-bearing wall and the joints between the surrounding structural parts, and to prevent gaps from forming in wooden buildings. Ensure earthquake resistance. [Solution] A joining bolt 20 that connects the upper end of a load-bearing wall part 10 and the upper end of at least one of the pillar members 1 and the support member 3 passes through the upper end of at least one of the pillar members 1. A first opening 3a is formed at the end of the support member 3 on the column 1 side, which exposes one end of the joint bolt 20. A nut 22 is tightened to one end of the joint bolt 20 within the first opening 3a, and the other end of the joint bolt 20 is exposed at the end of the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 on the column 1 side. A second opening 10a is formed, and a nut 22 is tightened to the other end of the joining bolt 20 within the second opening 10a. [Selection diagram] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to load-bearing wall structures.

In general, in wooden buildings, regardless of their size, load-bearing walls are appropriately placed to satisfy the required amount of walls to ensure earthquake resistance.
For example, the load-bearing wall of Patent Document 1 has a rectangular shape surrounded by a foundation, a pair of pillars erected at intervals on the foundation, and a beam suspended horizontally between the upper ends of the pair of pillars. A face material is attached to the opening. In addition, the facing material in this load-bearing wall includes a reinforcing part fixed to the beam with fixing materials such as nails and screws, and is placed integrally with the reinforcing part below this reinforcing part, so as to close the opening. It has a foundation, a beam, and a structural part fixed to a pair of columns with fixing materials. A groove is provided between the reinforced part and the structural surface part as a joint to induce cracking.For example, when a large shaking occurs in the building, cracks are created in the groove and the facing material is removed. By dividing the structure into a structural part and a reinforced part, it is possible to maintain the strength of the structural part.

Patent No. 6454045

By the way, when a large shaking occurs in a wooden building, gaps are created at the joints between the load-bearing wall and other structural parts installed in contact with the load-bearing wall, and at the joints between the surrounding structural parts. Naturally, this is not preferable in terms of ensuring earthquake resistance. Therefore, even if a large shaking occurs in a wooden building, there will be gaps at the joints between the load-bearing wall and other structural parts installed in contact with the load-bearing wall, and at the joints between the surrounding structural parts. There is a need to prevent this from happening.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its problem is to solve the problem of the joint between a load-bearing wall and another structural part provided in contact with the load-bearing wall, and the connection between the joint part and the surrounding structural parts. This is to ensure the earthquake resistance of wooden buildings by preventing gaps from forming at joints.

The invention according to claim 1, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4,
A pair of pillar materials 1,
an upper structure portion 2 that spans between the upper end portions of the pair of pillars 1 and protrudes outward from at least one of the pair of pillars 1;
A load-bearing wall 10 provided in a frame including the pair of pillars 1 and the upper structure 2 in contact with the pair of pillars 1 and the upper structure 2;
The upper structure portion 2 is provided in contact with a side surface of the at least one pillar material 1 and is in contact with the lower surface of a portion of the upper structure portion 2 that protrudes outward from the at least one pillar material. It is equipped with a support member 3 for supporting,
The upper end portion of the load-bearing wall portion 10, the upper end portion of the at least one pillar member 1, and the support member 3 are joined by a joining means,
The joining means is a joining bolt 20,
The joining bolt 20 is disposed and fixed across the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the support member 3 while passing through the upper end of the at least one pillar 1,
A first opening 3a through which one end of the joint bolt 20 is exposed is formed at the end of the support member 3 on the pillar 1 side, and the one end of the joint bolt 20 is exposed within the first opening 3a. The nut 22 is tightened,
A second opening 10a through which the other end of the joining bolt 20 is exposed is formed at the end of the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 on the column 1 side, and the joining is performed within the second opening 10a. It is characterized in that a nut 22 is tightened on the other end of the bolt 20.

According to the first aspect of the invention, the joining means can enhance the integrity of the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10, the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1, and the support member 3. As a result, even if a large shaking occurs in the wooden building, there will be a gap between the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1, or between the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and the support member 3. It is possible to prevent gaps from forming between the two. Furthermore, the support of the upper structure section 2 by the load-bearing wall section 10 and at least one of the pillar members 1 and the support member 3 also increases in stability, and as a result, the earthquake resistance of the wooden building can be ensured.

In addition, since the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 can be connected to the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and the support member 3 using the connecting bolts 20, even if a large shaking occurs in the wooden building, the load-bearing wall 10 can be connected to the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10. It is possible to prevent gaps from forming between the upper end and the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and between the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and the support member 3, thereby ensuring the earthquake resistance of the wooden building. can contribute to

In addition, with the joint bolts 20 and nuts 22 housed so that they do not protrude from both the front and back sides of the load-bearing wall structure, the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10, the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1, and the support member 3 are connected. Can be joined. This can contribute to ensuring the earthquake resistance of wooden buildings while preventing walls from becoming thicker than necessary.

The invention according to claim 2 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, in the load-bearing wall structure according to claim 1,
A damper 24 made of low yield point steel is provided in the second opening 10a of the load-bearing wall 10,
The other end of the joining bolt 20 is characterized in that the nut 22 is tightened while passing through the damper 24.

According to the invention set forth in claim 2, when the wooden building shakes, the energy is transmitted to the damper 24 and plastically deforms, and the shaking energy can be efficiently absorbed, thereby improving the earthquake resistance of the wooden building. can be ensured.

The invention according to claim 3, for example, as shown in FIG.
A pair of pillar materials 1,
an upper structure portion 2 that spans between the upper end portions of the pair of pillars 1 and protrudes outward from at least one of the pair of pillars 1;
A load-bearing wall 10 provided in a frame including the pair of pillars 1 and the upper structure 2 in contact with the pair of pillars 1 and the upper structure 2;
The upper structure portion 2 is provided in contact with a side surface of the at least one pillar material 1 and is in contact with the lower surface of a portion of the upper structure portion 2 that protrudes outward from the at least one pillar material. It is equipped with a support member 3 for supporting,
The upper end portion of the load-bearing wall portion 10, the upper end portion of the at least one pillar member 1, and the support member 3 are joined by a joining means,
The joining means is a joining bolt 20,
The joining bolt 20 is disposed and fixed across the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the support member 3 while passing through the upper end of the at least one pillar 1,
An opening 3a through which one end of the joint bolt 20 is exposed is formed at the end of the support member 3 on the column 1 side, and a nut 22 is inserted at one end of the joint bolt 20 within the opening 3a. It is tightened,
The other end 20a of the joining bolt 20 is embedded and adhesively fixed to the end of the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 on the column 1 side.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the joining means can enhance the integrity of the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10, the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1, and the support member 3. As a result, even if a large shaking occurs in the wooden building, there will be a gap between the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1, or between the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and the support member 3. It is possible to prevent gaps from forming between the two. Furthermore, the support of the upper structure section 2 by the load-bearing wall section 10 and at least one of the pillar members 1 and the support member 3 also increases in stability, and as a result, the earthquake resistance of the wooden building can be ensured.
In addition, since the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 can be connected to the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and the support member 3 using the connecting bolts 20, even if a large shaking occurs in the wooden building, the load-bearing wall 10 can be connected to the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10. It is possible to prevent gaps from forming between the upper end and the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and between the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and the support member 3, thereby ensuring the earthquake resistance of the wooden building. can contribute to
In addition, the other end 20a of the joint bolt 20 is embedded and adhesively fixed to the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 on the column 1 side, so that the load-bearing wall 10 and the joint bolt 20 are integrated. The energy generated when the wooden building shakes can be transmitted to the load-bearing wall section 10 via the joint bolts 20.
Furthermore, the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10, the upper end of at least one of the pillar members 1, and the support member 3 are connected with the joint bolts 20 and nuts 22 housed so as not to protrude from both the front and back surfaces of the load-bearing wall structure. Can be joined. This can contribute to ensuring the earthquake resistance of wooden buildings while preventing walls from becoming thicker than necessary.

According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent a gap from forming at the joint between a load-bearing wall and another structural part provided in contact with the load-bearing wall, and to ensure the earthquake resistance of a wooden building.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a load-bearing wall structure, in which (a) is an elevation view, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A, and (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A when two load-bearing walls are stacked. be. It is a perspective view showing a load-bearing wall main body in a load-bearing wall part. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a joint structure using joint bolts. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of a load-bearing wall structure, in which (a) is an elevational view, (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA, and (c) is a perspective view showing the configuration of low yield point steel. It is a figure which shows another example of a load-bearing wall structure, (a) is an elevation view, (b) is a sectional view taken on the line AA. It is a figure which shows another example of a load-bearing wall structure, (a) is an elevation view, (b) is a sectional view taken on the line AA. It is a figure which shows another example of a load-bearing wall structure, (a) is an elevation view, (b) is a sectional view taken on the line AA.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, although the embodiments described below have various limitations that are technically preferable for implementing the present invention, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and illustrated examples below. do not have. Moreover, each element listed in each embodiment may be combined as much as possible.
Note that the directions in the following embodiments and illustrated examples are set for convenience of explanation only. In addition, common elements in each of the following embodiments are given common symbols, and descriptions thereof will be omitted or simplified as appropriate.

[First embodiment]
The load-bearing wall structure of this embodiment has the function of resisting horizontal loads caused by earthquakes, wind, etc. in a wooden building, and as shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b), a pair of pillars 1, It includes an upper structure part 2, a pair of support members 3, and a load-bearing wall part 10. In the following explanation, it is assumed that the parts that make up the load-bearing wall structure come into contact with each other are fixed to each other by using adhesive or fixing materials such as nails or screws as appropriate. .
Note that the wooden building in this embodiment is a house built as a medium-rise building, but it is not limited to this; it may be a high-rise building, or it may be a medium-rise building or below with a large floor area. good.

The pillar material 1 is erected on the upper surface of a lower structure part (not shown), and is made of solid wood. In this embodiment, the construction is made of, for example, solid wood (square lumber: sawn lumber), but is not limited to this. It may be made of solid wood. Also, pillar material 1
is square in cross-sectional view.
A pair of such pillar members 1 are arranged at a distance from each other on the upper surface of the lower structure.
In addition, although the lower structure part of this embodiment is a lower floor (hereinafter referred to as a lower floor panel) composed of architectural wooden panels P (see FIG. 2), it is not limited to this. . In addition, it may be used as a horizontal member such as a trunk difference, a beam member, a beam member, etc., and can be appropriately modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

The upper structure part 2 spans between the upper end portions of the pair of pillars 1 and protrudes laterally from the pair of pillars 1 (outward in the width direction in the load-bearing wall structure). The lower surface of the upper structure portion 2 is in contact with the upper end surfaces of the pair of pillar members 1.
Furthermore, the upper structure portion 2 of this embodiment is an upper floor (hereinafter referred to as upper floor panel 2) made of architectural wooden panels P (see FIG. 2). However, the material is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a horizontal member such as a trunk difference, a beam material, or a girder material, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
In addition, since the upper structure part 2 of this embodiment is a floor, it not only protrudes laterally to the left and right than the pair of pillar members 1, but also protrudes in at least one of the dorsal directions (front-back direction). It is assumed that

The pair of support members 3 protrude from the upper end portions of the pair of pillar members 1 to the left and right sides along the lower surface of the upper floor panel 2 to support the upper floor panel 2. That is, the support member 3 has its longitudinal side end surface in contact with the side surface of the upper end of the column material 1, and its upper surface in contact with the lower surface of the upper floor panel 2. Further, the thickness dimension of the support member 3 is approximately equal to the dimension of one side of the butt end of the pillar material 1.
Further, the support member 3 of this embodiment is a small wall (hereinafter referred to as a small wall panel 3) made of a wooden panel P for construction (see FIG. 2). However, the material is not limited to this, and may be a horizontal member such as a beam or a lintel, and may be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
In addition, when the support member 3 is a horizontal member such as a beam, this horizontal member is made of, for example, solid wood (square wood: sawn timber), but is not limited to this, and may include LVL, CLT, laminated wood, etc. It may be made of material etc.

The load-bearing wall part 10 is in contact with a lower floor panel, a pair of pillars 1, and an upper floor panel 2, in a frame including a lower floor panel, a pair of pillars 1, and an upper floor panel 2. It is a wall body provided as a wall, and constitutes the main body portion of the load-bearing wall structure in this embodiment. The thickness of the load-bearing wall 10 is approximately equal to the thickness of the small wall panel 3 and the dimension of one side of the end of the pillar 1.
The load-bearing wall portion 10 of this embodiment plays a role of resisting horizontal loads such as earthquakes and wind as a main body portion of a load-bearing wall structure, and includes a load-bearing wall main body 11 and an adjustment member 12.
The adjustment material 12 is made of, for example, solid wood (square wood: sawn lumber), LVL, CLT, laminated wood, etc., and is provided for adjusting the height of the load-bearing wall main body 11. If height adjustment of the load-bearing wall main body 11 is not necessary, it may be omitted.

The load-bearing wall main body 11 of this embodiment is constituted by a wooden panel P for construction, and its lower end surface is in contact with the upper surface of the adjustment material 12, its both end surfaces are in contact with a pair of pillar materials 1, and its upper end surface is an upper floor panel. It is in contact with the bottom surface of 2. In addition, when the adjustment material 12 is not used, the lower end surface contacts the upper surface of the lower floor panel.

Here, the architectural wood panels P refer to building components such as walls, floors, and roofs that are made into panels in advance at a factory, and the architectural wood panels P are appropriately assembled at the construction site to construct the building. .
As shown in Fig. 2, such a wooden panel P for construction is constructed by assembling vertical and horizontal frame materials F into a rectangular shape, and auxiliary crosspieces C are assembled vertically and horizontally inside the rectangular frame to form a frame body. A face material B made of, for example, plywood is attached to both sides or one side of this frame body, and the frame body has a hollow structure. Furthermore, the internal hollow portion is usually filled with a heat insulating material such as glass wool or rock wool.

When the architectural wooden panel P is used as the load-bearing wall main body 11, the architectural wooden panel P is arranged so that its length direction is aligned with the vertical direction of the wooden building. The architectural wooden panel P constituting the load-bearing wall main body 11 is configured with facing materials B attached to both sides (front and back).

When the architectural wooden panel P is used as the lower floor panel and the upper floor panel 2, the architectural wooden panel P is arranged so that its thickness direction is aligned with the vertical direction of the wooden building. The architectural wooden panel P constituting the lower floor panel and the upper floor panel 2 is configured with a facing material B pasted only on one side (upper surface), and no facing material B is pasted on the lower surface. Therefore, when the upper end surface of the load-bearing wall main body 11 touches the lower surface of the upper floor panel 2, the upper end surface of the load-bearing wall main body 11 is the lower surface of the frame material F or the lower surface of the auxiliary crosspiece C of the upper floor panel 2. It comes into contact with.

When the architectural wooden panel P is used as the small wall panel 3, the architectural wooden panel P is arranged with its length direction and thickness direction aligned with the horizontal direction. The architectural wooden panel P constituting the small wall panel 3 is configured with facing materials B attached to both sides (front and back).
In addition, when the wooden panel P for construction is used as the small wall panel 3, since the dimension in the vertical direction is short, any of the vertical and horizontal auxiliary beams C may be omitted as appropriate.

In the load-bearing wall structure of this embodiment, the upper end portion of the load-bearing wall portion 10, the upper end portions of the pair of pillars 1, and the pair of small wall panels 3 are joined by a joining means.
The joining means of this embodiment is a joining bolt 20, and in this embodiment, it is a double-ended threaded bolt with male threads formed at both longitudinal ends, but it may be a fully threaded bolt.

Two joining bolts 20 (a pair) are used. One of the joining bolts 20 passes through the upper end of one of the pillar members 1, and is placed and fixed across one of the upper end parts of the load-bearing wall portion 10 and one of the small wall panels 3. Further, the other joining bolt 20 passes through the upper end of the other pillar 1 and is placed and fixed across the other small wall panel 3 at the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 .
The length of one joining bolt 20 is short, and when it passes through the upper end of one of the pillars 1, it connects to the end of the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 on the side of one of the pillars 1 and one of the small wall panels 3. The dimensions are set such that it can be placed over the end of the pillar material 1 side.

To explain more specifically, a first opening 3a is formed at the end of the pair of small wall panels 3 on the pillar 1 side, through which one end of the joining bolt 20 (the end on the small wall panel 3 side) is exposed. has been done. A washer 23 is provided at one end of the joining bolt 20 within the first opening 3a, and a nut 22 is tightened from above.
Further, at the end of the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 on the column material 1 side (that is, the ends on both left and right sides), the other end of the joining bolt 20 (the end on the load-bearing wall 10 side) is exposed. Two openings 10a are formed. A washer 23 is provided at the other end of the joining bolt 20 within the second opening 10a, and a nut 22 is tightened from above.

As shown in FIG. 3, the first opening 3a has one side on the pillar material 1 side of the wall material B on both sides or one surface of the hollow small wall panel 3, and a stile on the pillar material 1 side in the small wall panel 3. It is constructed by forming square holes along the material F. The washer 23 is in contact with the hollow side surface of the frame material F on the pillar material 1 side.
As shown in FIG. 3, the second opening 10a has one side on the column 1 side facing the load-bearing wall main body 11, which is a hollow wooden panel P for construction, on both sides or one side of the facing material B of the load-bearing wall main body 11. A square hole is formed along the frame material F on the pillar material 1 side. The washer 23 is in contact with the hollow side surface of the frame material F on the pillar material 1 side.

That is, the joining bolt 20 penetrates the frame material F on the column material 1 side in the small wall panel 3, also penetrates the upper end of the column material 1, and further penetrates the frame material F on the column material 1 side in the load-bearing wall main body 11. are doing. As a result, it is disposed so as to pass through the upper end of the pillar 1 and extend between the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the support member 3.
By tightening the nuts 22 at both ends of the joint bolts 20, the frame material F on the column material 1 side in the small wall panel 3, the upper end portion of the column material 1, and the column material in the load-bearing wall main body 11 are connected. The frame material F on the first side is firmly sandwiched between the nut 22 and the washer 23.
Thereby, the upper end portion of the load-bearing wall portion 10, the upper end portions of the pair of pillars 1, and the pair of small wall panels 3 are in a state where they are joined by the joining bolts 20.

In the load-bearing wall structure configured as described above, when deformation occurs due to lateral vibration such as an earthquake, the lower floor panel and the upper floor panel 2 are displaced in opposite directions in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction). As a result, the pair of pillars 1 are also deflected and displaced from side to side, and the frame including the lower floor panel, the pair of pillars 1, and the upper floor panel 2 is deformed into a substantially parallelogram shape. At this time, there may be gaps between the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the upper ends of the pair of pillars 1, or between the upper ends of the pair of pillars 1 and the pair of support members 3 due to deformation due to earthquakes, etc. However, this can be suppressed by the connecting bolts 20.

According to this embodiment, the following excellent effects are achieved.
That is, the joining bolt 20 serving as the joining means can enhance the integrity of the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10, the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1, and the small wall panel 3. As a result, even if a large shaking occurs in the wooden building, the space between the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1, or between the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and the small wall panel 3 This can prevent gaps from forming between the two. Furthermore, the support of the upper structure part 2 by the load-bearing wall part 10, at least one of the pillars 1, and the small wall panel 3 also increases in stability, and as a result, the earthquake resistance of the wooden building can be ensured.

Furthermore, since the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 can be joined to the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and the small wall panel 3 using the joining bolts 20, even if a large shaking occurs in the wooden building, the load-bearing wall 10 It is possible to prevent gaps from forming between the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and between the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1 and the small wall panel 3, thereby improving the earthquake resistance of wooden buildings. It can contribute to securing sex.

In addition, with the joint bolts 20 and nuts 22 housed so that they do not protrude from both the front and back sides of the load-bearing wall structure, the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10, the upper end of at least one of the pillars 1, and the small wall panel 3 are connected. can be joined. This can contribute to ensuring the earthquake resistance of wooden buildings while preventing walls from becoming thicker than necessary.

(Modification 1)
As shown in FIG. 1(c), in the load-bearing wall structure, a pair of pillars 1, a load-bearing wall part 10, and a pair of small wall panels 3 are overlapped in the thickness direction (front-back direction). It may be placed in a state. In this case, the pair of pillar materials 1, the load-bearing walls 10, and the pair of small wall panels 3, which are stacked in the thickness direction (front-back direction), may be joined to each other by, for example, an adhesive or the like. , may not be bonded.
Further, it is assumed that an upper structural part (upper floor panel 2 or horizontal member) is provided and supported on each of the parts 1, 10, and 3 arranged in double rows in this way.

(Modification 2)
In the above embodiment, the upper floor panel 2 (or horizontal member), which is the upper structure part, is assumed to protrude laterally to the left and right than the pair of pillar members 1; It may also be something to do.
That is, the load-bearing wall structure is not only provided at the central portion of the wall constituting the wooden building, but may also be provided at a corner portion that is approximately L-shaped, T-shaped, or cross-shaped in plan view, for example. In such a case, the upper floor panel 2 (or horizontal member) that is the upper structure does not necessarily protrude to the left and right sides of the pair of pillar members 1. Therefore, the upper floor panel 2 (or horizontal member), which is the upper structural part, protrudes further outward than at least one of the pair of pillars 1 . The supporting members 3, such as the small wall panels 3, are also provided in the direction in which the upper floor panel 2 (or horizontal member), which is the upper structure, protrudes. Therefore, support members 3 protruding in different directions may be used in combination as appropriate (in this case, a receiving metal fitting for receiving the end of the support member 3 may be used).

[Second embodiment]
Next, the load-bearing wall structure of the second embodiment will be explained.
In the load-bearing wall structure of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b), a damper 24 made of low yield point steel is provided in the second opening 10a of the load-bearing wall part 10, and the connecting bolts 20 A nut 22 is tightened at the other end (the end on the load-bearing wall 10 side) passing through the damper 24 .

Here, the term "low yield point steel" refers to a steel material that is close to pure iron with minimal added elements, has lower strength than conventional mild steel, and has extremely high ductility. When such a low-yield point steel material is incorporated into a building as a vibration damper, it yields and undergoes plastic deformation before the structural parts of the building enter the plastic region, allowing it to absorb the vibration energy of the building. Note that there are cases where the structural parts of a building yield after entering the plastic region, but even in that case, the structural parts of the building yield before they receive significant damage, so damage caused by vibration energy can be minimized.

The damper 24 of this embodiment is made of low yield point steel, and is formed in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped frame, as shown in FIG. 4(c).
One side of such a damper 24 is in contact with the hollow side surface of the frame material F on the pillar material 1 side of the architectural wooden panel P constituting the load-bearing wall main body 11, and the washer 23 is on the other side on the opposite side. They are in contact.
In addition, one side of the damper 24 may only be in contact with the surface on the hollow part side of the frame material F on the column material 1 side in the load-bearing wall main body 11, or may be bonded and fixed. Further, the washer 23 may only be in contact with the other side surface of the damper 24, or may be fixedly bonded.
The other end of the joining bolt 20 (the end on the load-bearing wall 10 side) is provided with a nut 22 tightened so as to pass through the damper 24 and washer 23 .
In this embodiment, the damper 24 is provided at the second opening 10a of the load-bearing wall 10, but is not limited to this, and the damper 24 is provided at the first opening 3a of the small wall panel 3. Alternatively, it may be provided in both the first opening 3a and the second opening 10a.

For example, if the vertical dimension (dimension in the load direction) of the small wall panel 3 or the supporting member 3, which is a horizontal member, is short and easily deflects, reinforcing the horizontal It is preferable to provide a material 4 for reinforcement.
That is, the reinforcing cross member 4 for reinforcing the support member 3 protrudes outward from the upper end portions of the pair of pillar members 1 and is provided in contact with the lower surface of the support member 3. Dimensions can be increased. The reinforcing cross member 4 is integrally fixed to the side surface of the column member 1 and the lower surface of the support member 3. Thereby, the support member 3 can be reinforced so that it does not easily bend.

In the load-bearing wall structure configured as described above, when deformation occurs due to lateral vibration such as an earthquake, the lower floor panel and the upper floor panel 2 are displaced in opposite directions in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction). As a result, the pair of pillars 1 are also deflected and displaced from side to side, and the frame including the lower floor panel, the pair of pillars 1, and the upper floor panel 2 is deformed into a substantially parallelogram shape. At this time, there may be gaps between the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the upper ends of the pair of pillars 1, or between the upper ends of the pair of pillars 1 and the pair of support members 3 due to deformation due to earthquakes, etc. However, before this occurs, the damper 24 yields and absorbs the vibration energy caused by an earthquake or the like, and the joining bolt 20 can prevent the formation of a gap.

According to this embodiment, the following excellent effects are achieved.
That is, similarly to the first embodiment described above, the connection bolt 20 serving as the connection means connects the load-bearing wall portion 10 and another structural portion (column material 1) provided in contact with the load-bearing wall portion 10. The earthquake resistance of the wooden building can be ensured by preventing gaps from forming in the joints and the joints with the surrounding structural parts (supporting members 3).

In addition, a damper 24 made of low yield point steel is provided in the second opening 10a of the load-bearing wall 10, and a nut 22 is tightened at the other end of the joint bolt 20, passing through the damper 24. Therefore, when the wooden building shakes, the vibration energy is transmitted to the damper 24, causing it to plastically deform. This allows vibration energy to be absorbed efficiently, thereby ensuring the earthquake resistance of the wooden building.

Moreover, since the reinforcing cross member 4 protrudes outward from the upper end portions of the pair of pillar members 1 and is provided in contact with the lower surface of the support member 3, the vertical dimension of the support member 3 can be increased. This increases the stability of the support of the upper structure section 2 by the support member 3, contributing to ensuring the earthquake resistance of the wooden building.
Furthermore, even if there is a part where the rigidity needs to be improved partially due to, for example, an opening (first opening 3a) being formed in the support member 3, the vertical dimension of the support member 3 can be improved by the reinforcing cross members 4. Since the support member 3 can be reinforced by increasing the size, the necessary rigidity of the support member 3 can be ensured.
In addition, when the support member 3 is pushed outward (toward the support member 3 side) due to vibration energy such as an earthquake, the support member 3 alone may not be able to bear the compressive force. If the reinforcing cross members 4 are provided in this way, the column members 1 can be reinforced by bearing the compressive force when they are pushed, and as a result, it can contribute to ensuring the earthquake resistance of the wooden building.

[Third embodiment]
Next, the load-bearing wall structure of the third embodiment will be explained.
As shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the load-bearing wall structure of the present embodiment has an opening 3a (a third In one embodiment, a first opening 3a) is formed, in which a washer 23 is provided at one end of the connecting bolt 20, on which a nut 22 is tightened, and the load-bearing wall 10 The other end 20a of the joining bolt 20 is embedded and adhesively fixed to the end of the upper end of the column member 1 side.

The load-bearing wall portion 10 of this embodiment has an upper end auxiliary member 13 provided between the upper end surface of the load-bearing wall main body 11 and the upper floor panel 2, as shown in FIG. 4(a). The upper end auxiliary member 13 of this embodiment is a solid piece of wood. In this embodiment, it is made of, for example, solid wood (square wood: sawn lumber), but is not limited to this, and may be a solid wood made of LVL, CLT, laminated wood, or other materials. Alternatively, the upper end auxiliary member 13 made of a non-solid steel material may be used, and in that case, a portion is provided in which the other end 20a of the joining bolt 20 is buried and adhesively fixed. do.
That is, since the load-bearing wall main body 11 is constituted by the wooden panel P for construction and is hollow, there is no base in which the other end 20a of the joining bolt 20 is buried. Therefore, an upper end auxiliary member 13 made of a solid material is provided on the load-bearing wall main body 11 as a base in which the other end portion 20a of the joining bolt 20 is buried. Moreover, this upper end auxiliary member 13 has a function of bearing a vertical load in place of the load-bearing wall main body 11, which is difficult to bear a vertical load.
Although the upper end auxiliary member 13 is bonded and fixed to the upper end surface of the load-bearing wall main body 11 by adhesive or the like, a fixing material such as a nail or a screw may be used in combination.

An insertion hole (not passing through the upper end auxiliary member 13) into which the other end 20a of the joining bolt 20 is inserted is formed at both lengthwise ends of the upper end auxiliary member 13. The other end 20a of the joining bolt 20 is inserted into this insertion hole, and the gap between the other end 20a and the insertion hole is filled with adhesive. This method is called Glued in Rod (GIR), and by hardening the filled adhesive, stress is transmitted through the adhesive force of the adhesive and the other end 20a of the joining bolt 20. However, it is possible to generate bonding strength.
In addition, since the other end 20a of the joining bolt 20 is inserted into the insertion hole of the upper end auxiliary member 13 in this way, the upper end of the column 1 and the small wall panel 3 through which the other end 20a of the joining bolt 20 passes are inserted. An insertion hole is formed in the frame material F to pass through the upper end of the column material 1 and the frame material F of the small wall panel 3. Further, the insertion hole penetrating the upper end portion of the pillar material 1 and the frame material F of the small wall panel 3 may also be filled with adhesive.

In the load-bearing wall structure configured as described above, when deformation occurs due to lateral vibration such as an earthquake, the lower floor panel and the upper floor panel 2 are displaced in opposite directions in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction). As a result, the pair of pillars 1 are also deflected and displaced from side to side, and the frame including the lower floor panel, the pair of pillars 1, and the upper floor panel 2 is deformed into a substantially parallelogram shape. At this time, there may be gaps between the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the upper ends of the pair of pillars 1, or between the upper ends of the pair of pillars 1 and the pair of support members 3 due to deformation due to earthquakes, etc. A gap is likely to be formed, but this can be suppressed by a connecting bolt 20 which is provided by tightening a nut 22 at one end and which is embedded in the upper end auxiliary member 13 and fixed with adhesive at the other end 20a. .

According to this embodiment, the following excellent effects are achieved.
That is, similarly to the first embodiment and the like, the connection bolt 20 serving as the connection means connects the load-bearing wall portion 10 and another structural portion (column material 1) provided in contact with the load-bearing wall portion 10. The earthquake resistance of the wooden building can be ensured by preventing gaps from forming at the joints between the joints and the surrounding structural parts (supporting members 3).

In addition, the other end 20a of the joint bolt 20 is embedded and adhesively fixed to the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 on the column 1 side, so that the joint bolt 20 and the load-bearing wall 10 are connected to each other. Integrity is enhanced, and the energy generated when the wooden building shakes can be transmitted to the load-bearing wall section 10 via the joint bolts 20.
Furthermore, the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10, the upper end of at least one of the pillar members 1, and the support member 3 are connected with the joint bolts 20 and nuts 22 housed so as not to protrude from both the front and back surfaces of the load-bearing wall structure. Can be joined. This can contribute to ensuring the earthquake resistance of wooden buildings while preventing walls from becoming thicker than necessary.

[Fourth embodiment]
Next, the load-bearing wall structure of the fourth embodiment will be described.
In the load-bearing wall structure of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), a single joint bolt 21 is used which is longer than the joint bolt 20 in the first embodiment etc. described above. There is. Further, the upper floor panel 2, which is the upper structure part 2, protrudes laterally from the pair of pillars 1, and the small wall panel 3, which is the support member 3, is also located at the upper end of the pair of pillars 1. They are provided to protrude left and right from each side. The pair of small wall panels 3 are in contact with the lower surface of a portion of the upper floor panel 2 that protrudes laterally to the left and right than the pair of pillars 1.

One long joint bolt 21 is arranged and fixed between the small wall panels 3 on the left and right sides, passing through the pair of pillars 1 and the load-bearing wall 10.
Openings 3a (first openings 3a in the first embodiment) through which one end and the other end of the joining bolt 21 are exposed are formed at the ends of the left and right side small wall panels 3 on the column material 1 side, respectively. Washers 23 are provided at one end and the other end of the joining bolt 21 within the opening 3a, and nuts 22 are respectively tightened from above.
That is, one joint bolt 21 is provided from one small wall panel 3 to the other small wall panel 3, and this joint bolt 21 connects the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the pair of pillars 1. The upper end portion and the pair of support members 3 are joined.

The load-bearing wall portion 10 of this embodiment has an upper end auxiliary member 13.
This upper end auxiliary member 13 has an insertion hole formed in the length direction (horizontal direction) and passing through the upper end auxiliary member 13, and the joining bolt 21 is inserted into the insertion hole. ing. Both ends of the joining bolt 21 protrude and are exposed to the opening 3a in the pair of small wall panels 3 as described above.
An insertion hole passing through the upper end of the column 1 and the frame material F of the small wall panel 3 is also formed in the upper end of the column 1 and the frame material F of the small wall panel 3, through which both ends of the joint bolt 21 pass. It is assumed that
In addition, the insertion hole of the upper end auxiliary member 13 through which the joining bolt 21 passes, and the insertion hole that penetrates the upper end of the pillar material 1 and the frame material F of the small wall panel 3 may be filled with adhesive. . A glue-in rod joining method can also be used in combination with the joining of the load-bearing wall portion 10, a pair of pillar materials 1, and a pair of small wall panels 3 using the joining bolts 21.

In the load-bearing wall structure configured as described above, when deformation occurs due to lateral vibration such as an earthquake, the lower floor panel and the upper floor panel 2 are displaced in opposite directions in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction). As a result, the pair of pillars 1 are also deflected and displaced from side to side, and the frame including the lower floor panel, the pair of pillars 1, and the upper floor panel 2 is deformed into a substantially parallelogram shape. At this time, there may be gaps between the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the upper ends of the pair of pillars 1, or between the upper ends of the pair of pillars 1 and the pair of support members 3 due to deformation due to earthquakes, etc. Although a gap is likely to be formed, this can be suppressed by one long joint bolt 21 provided from one small wall panel 3 to the other small wall panel 3.

According to this embodiment, the following excellent effects are achieved.
That is, similarly to the first embodiment and the like, the connection bolt 20 serving as the connection means connects the load-bearing wall portion 10 and another structural portion (column material 1) provided in contact with the load-bearing wall portion 10. The earthquake resistance of the wooden building can be ensured by preventing gaps from forming at the joints between the joints and the surrounding structural parts (supporting members 3).

Moreover, since one joint bolt 21 is arranged and fixed between the left and right side small wall panels 3 while penetrating the pair of pillars 1 and the load-bearing wall part 10, the load-bearing wall part The upper end of the column 10, the upper end of the pair of pillars 1 located on the left and right sides, and the small wall panels 3 on the left and right sides can be efficiently joined by a single joining bolt 21.
Furthermore, with one joint bolt 21 and nut 22 housed so that they do not protrude from both the front and back sides of the load-bearing wall structure, the It can be joined to the wall panel 3. This can contribute to ensuring the earthquake resistance of wooden buildings while preventing walls from becoming thicker than necessary.

[Fifth embodiment]
Next, the load-bearing wall structure of the fifth embodiment will be explained.
As shown in FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b), the load-bearing wall structure of this embodiment connects the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10, the upper ends of the pair of pillars 1, and the pair of small wall panels 3. The joining means for this purpose is a plurality of joining plates 30 provided on both the front and back surfaces. In this embodiment, a wooden gusset plate made of plywood or the like is used as the joint plate 30, but a steel gusset plate may also be used.
Such a joining plate 30 is arranged and fixed across the upper end portions of the pair of pillars 1, the upper end portions of the load-bearing wall portion 10, and the pair of small wall panels 3 on both the front and back surfaces of the load-bearing wall structure.

To explain in more detail, the joining plates 30 are provided in a left and right pair on the front side of the load-bearing wall structure, and in a left and right pair on the back side.
That is, one joining plate 30 on the front side is arranged and fixed across one of the pillar members 1, one of the upper ends of the load-bearing wall portion 10, and one of the small wall panels 3. Further, the other joining plate 30 on the front side is arranged and fixed across the other pillar material 1, the other upper end portion of the load-bearing wall portion 10, and the other small wall panel 3.
Furthermore, one joining plate 30 on the back side is arranged and fixed across one of the pillar members 1, one of the upper ends of the load-bearing wall portion 10, and one of the small wall panels 3. Further, the other joining plate 30 on the back side is arranged and fixed astride the other pillar material 1, the other upper end portion of the load-bearing wall portion 10, and the other small wall panel 3.
The adjacent ends of the pair of joining plates 30 on both the front and back surfaces may be in contact with each other, or may be spaced apart from each other.

The joining plate 30 is arranged and fixed across the side surface of the upper end of the load-bearing wall main body 11 and the side surface of the upper end auxiliary member 13 among the upper ends of the load-bearing wall portion 10 .
Moreover, in this embodiment, the upper structure part 2 is made into the upper floor panel 2, and the upper floor panel 2 not only protrudes in the left-right direction but also protrudes in the normal dorsal direction. Therefore, the joining plate 30 is not provided on the upper floor panel 2 side. However, when the upper structure part 2 is, for example, a horizontal member such as a trunk difference, the joining plate 30 may be arranged and fixed across the side surface of the upper structure part 2.
On the other hand, the joining plate 30 does not protrude below the lower surfaces of the pair of small wall panels 3. However, when the reinforcing cross member 4 is provided on the lower surface of the pair of small wall panels 3, the joining plate 30 may also be arranged and fixed across the side surface of the reinforcing cross member 4.

The joining plate 30 is fixed to the upper end of the pair of pillars 1, the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10, and the pair of small wall panels 3 with adhesive, but fixing materials such as nails and screws are also used. may be done. Even when the joining plate 30 is disposed across the side surface of the upper structure portion 2, it is joined and fixed in the same manner.

In the load-bearing wall structure configured as described above, when deformation occurs due to lateral vibration such as an earthquake, the lower floor panel and the upper floor panel 2 are displaced in opposite directions in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction). As a result, the pair of pillars 1 are also deflected from side to side, and the frame including the lower floor panel, the pair of pillars 1, and the upper floor panel 2 is deformed into a substantially parallelogram shape. At this time, there may be gaps between the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the upper ends of the pair of pillars 1, or between the upper ends of the pair of pillars 1 and the pair of support members 3 due to deformation due to earthquakes, etc. However, this can be suppressed by the joining plates 30 provided on both the front and back sides of the load-bearing wall structure.

According to this embodiment, the following excellent effects are achieved.
That is, similarly to the first embodiment and the like, the connection bolt 20 serving as the connection means connects the load-bearing wall portion 10 and another structural portion (column material 1) provided in contact with the load-bearing wall portion 10. The earthquake resistance of the wooden building can be ensured by preventing gaps from forming at the joints between the joints and the surrounding structural parts (supporting members 3).

Moreover, a plurality of joint plates 30 are provided on both the front and back surfaces of the load-bearing wall structure, and these joint plates 30 are used to connect the upper end of the load-bearing wall 10 and the upper end of the pair of pillars 1. and a pair of small wall panels 3 can be joined at a surface. This allows the energy to be effectively dispersed when a wooden building shakes, contributing to ensuring the earthquake resistance of the wooden building.

1 Column material 2 Upper structure portion 3 Support member 3a First opening portion 4 Reinforcement cross member 10 Load-bearing wall portion 10a Second opening portion 11 Load-bearing wall body 12 Adjustment member 13 Upper end auxiliary member 20 Joint bolt 21 Joint bolt 22 Nut 23 Washer 24 Damper 30 Joint plate P Architectural wood panel F Frame material C Auxiliary frame material B Face material

Claims (3)

A pair of pillar materials,
an upper structure section that spans between the upper end portions of the pair of pillars and protrudes outward from at least one of the pair of pillars;
A load-bearing wall part provided in a frame including the pair of pillars and the upper structure, in contact with the pair of pillars and the upper structure;
A support that is provided in contact with a side surface of the at least one pillar material and supports the upper structure part in contact with a lower surface of a portion of the upper structure part that protrudes outward from the at least one pillar material. It is equipped with:
The upper end of the load-bearing wall, the upper end of the at least one pillar member, and the support member are joined by a joining means,
The joining means is a joining bolt,
The joining bolt is disposed and fixed across the upper end of the load-bearing wall and the support member while penetrating the upper end of the at least one pillar material,
A first opening through which one end of the joint bolt is exposed is formed at the end of the support member on the column side, and a nut is tightened on the one end of the joint bolt within the first opening. ,
A second opening through which the other end of the joint bolt is exposed is formed at the end of the upper end of the load-bearing wall on the column side, and the other end of the joint bolt is exposed within the second opening. Load-bearing wall structure characterized by tightened nuts. The load-bearing wall structure according to claim 1,
A damper made of low yield point steel is provided in the second opening of the load-bearing wall,
The load-bearing wall structure is characterized in that the nut is tightened at the other end of the joint bolt while passing through the damper. A pair of pillar materials,
an upper structure section that spans between the upper end portions of the pair of pillars and that protrudes outward from at least one of the pair of pillars;
A load-bearing wall part provided in a frame including the pair of pillars and the upper structure, in contact with the pair of pillars and the upper structure;
A support that is provided in contact with a side surface of the at least one pillar material and supports the upper structure part in contact with a lower surface of a portion of the upper structure part that protrudes outward from the at least one pillar material. It is equipped with:
The upper end of the load-bearing wall, the upper end of the at least one pillar member, and the support member are joined by a joining means,
The joining means is a joining bolt,
The joining bolt is disposed and fixed across the upper end of the load-bearing wall and the support member while penetrating the upper end of the at least one pillar material,
An opening through which one end of the connection bolt is exposed is formed at the end of the support member on the column side, and a nut is tightened on the one end of the connection bolt within the opening.
The load-bearing wall structure is characterized in that the other end of the joining bolt is embedded and adhesively fixed to the end of the upper end of the load-bearing wall on the column side.

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