JP2024008520A - floating shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floating shelter that is easy to maintain a stable floating state on the water surface under tsunami or flood environments and that is difficult to rotate around the central axis of the shelter.

SOLUTION: A floating shelter 1 accommodates evacuees and floats on the water surface. The floating shelter has a body part 10 with the side surface of a conical shape, a truncated cone shape, or a cylindrical shape the diameter of which decreases from top to bottom, and with an internal space 40 for accommodating the evacuees, a canopy part 20 to cover a top opening of the body part, and a ballast 45 mounted in the internal space. The ballast is adjusted so that the waterline position of the floating shelter is approximately at a top A of the body part, a vertical length H from the top A to a bottom B of the body part is 1.5-2.5 times a diameter D at the top A. The floating shelter is characterized in that the body part 10 has multiple anti-rotation plates 61 arranged on a side surface 10a at equal angular intervals around a central axis C thereof, and each extending radially.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

COPYRIGHT: (C)2024,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a floating shelter that accommodates evacuees during a tsunami or flood.

Floating shelters (hereinafter referred to as "floating shelters") that accommodate evacuees and float on the water surface have been proposed as equipment or facilities for evacuation in the event of a tsunami or flood. Patent Document 1 discloses a floating shelter that is a hollow structure having a substantially egg shape. Patent Document 2 discloses a tsunami evacuation facility that has a hollow body with a spherical upper part and an inverted conical lower part, and in which reinforcing columns, diagonals, and floats are attached to the outside of the hollow body.

Patent No. 3541197 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2015-54565

In the event of a large tsunami or flood, a large amount of debris will be carried along with it, and floating shelters may collide with them and receive significant shock or damage. In the case of the approximately egg shape of Patent Document 1, most of the outer surface is inclined outward from the top to the bottom, so when debris etc. collide with the slope, it exerts a force pushing the shelter downward, causing the shelter to collapse. tends to sink. In addition, if complicated supports are attached to the outside of the hollow body as in Patent Document 2, debris etc. may become entangled and prevent a stable floating state or become easily caught on obstacles. There is a risk of being exposed.

If the overall shape of the floating shelter is rotationally symmetrical and there are no irregularities on the surface, it is likely to rotate around the central axis while floating. When a floating shelter rotates, it can be both uncomfortable and dangerous for the people inside. Furthermore, if the floating shelter is pushed up onto a slope without water while floating, there is a risk that the floating shelter will roll down the slope and rotate at high speed. Furthermore, during storage and transportation, the floating shelter tends to roll over, making it difficult to handle.

In view of the above-mentioned current situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a floating shelter that can easily maintain a stable floating state on the water surface during tsunamis and floods, is difficult to rotate while floating, and is difficult to roll during storage or transportation. .

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following configuration. Numbers in parentheses are symbols in the drawings to be described later, and are added for reference.

- An aspect of the invention is a floating shelter (1) that accommodates evacuees and floats on the water surface, comprising:
A main body (10) having a conical shape, a truncated conical shape, or a cylindrical side surface (10a) whose diameter decreases from the top to the bottom, and an internal space (40) for accommodating an evacuee;
a canopy part (20) that covers the upper end opening of the main body part (10);
a ballast (45) mounted within the internal space (40);
The ballast (45) is adjusted so that the swamping position of the floating shelter (1) is approximately at the upper end (A) of the main body (10), and
The vertical length (H) from the upper end (A) to the lower end (B) of the main body (10) is 1.5 times or more the diameter (D) at the upper end (A) of the main body (10). In the floating shelter (1), which is 2.5 times
The main body (10) is characterized in that it has a plurality of anti-rotation plates (61) arranged on the side surface (10a) at equal angular intervals around the central axis (C) and each extending in the radial direction. shall be.
- In the above aspect, the upper end of the rotation prevention plate (61) is located at approximately the upper end (A) of the main body (10), and the vertical length from the upper end to the lower end of the rotation prevention plate (61) is (h) is 0.4 times or less the length (H) in the vertical direction from the upper end (A) to the lower end (B) of the main body (10).
- In the above embodiment, the rotation prevention plate (61) is directly fixed to the main body (10) by a proximal edge (61a) that is the edge closer to the main body (10). Features.
- In the above aspect, the rotation prevention plate (61) has one half including the proximal edge (61a) formed of a fixed part (61c) made of a rigid body, and the other half made of an elastic body. It is characterized by being formed of a movable part (61d).
- In the above embodiment, the rotation prevention plate (61) is rotated around the pivot axis (P) located at the proximal edge (61a), which is the edge of the rotation prevention plate (61) closer to the main body (10). (61) further includes a folding mechanism that allows the device to pivot between a used state in which it stands up on the side surface (10a) and an unused state in which it lies down on the side surface (10a).
- In the above aspect, the folding mechanism comprises:
a pivot shaft member (64) extending along the pivot shaft (P);
A shaft hole (68) for receiving the pivot shaft member (64), wherein a cross section perpendicular to the pivot shaft (P) includes a first shaft hole portion (68a) and a second shaft hole portion (68b). The shaft hole (68) has a substantially oval shape, and the pivot shaft member (64) is movable between the first shaft hole (68a) and the second shaft hole (68b). and,
The main body portion is configured to accommodate the proximal edge (61a) of the anti-rotation plate (61) to prevent the anti-rotation plate (61) from pivoting when the anti-rotation plate (61) is not in use. (10) a rotation prevention part (66) provided in the
The main body portion (10) is configured to accommodate the proximal edge (61a) of the rotation prevention plate (61) in order to make the rotation prevention plate (61) stand up when the rotation prevention plate (61) is in use. an upright support recess (69) provided in the
One of the pivot shaft member (64) and the shaft hole (68) is provided integrally with one of the main body portion (10) and the rotation prevention plate (61), and one of the pivot shaft member (64) ) and the shaft hole (68) are provided integrally with the other of the main body (10) and the rotation prevention plate (61).
- In the above aspect, the folding mechanism comprises:
a pivot member (64) extending along the pivot axis (P) and fixed to the main body (10);
a pin groove (64a) extending from the outer peripheral surface of the pivot shaft member (64) inward in the radial direction of the pivot shaft (P);
a shaft hole (68) provided in the rotation prevention plate (61) for receiving the pivot shaft member (64);
extending in the radial direction of the pivot shaft (P) from the inner surface of the shaft hole (68) to the surface of the rotation prevention plate (61), and provided at angular intervals of 90° from each other around the pivot shaft (P). two pin screw holes (68c, 68d),
a screw pin (70) that can be screwed into either one of the pin screw holes (68c, 68d) and inserted into the pin groove (64a);
The screw pin (70) is screwed into one of the two pin screw holes (68c, 68d) when the rotation prevention plate (61) is not in use, and is screwed into one of the two pin screw holes (68c, 68d) when the rotation prevention plate (61) is in use. 68c, 68d) and is inserted into the pin groove (64a).
- In the above aspect, the folding mechanism comprises:
a motor (80) fixed to the main body (10) and having a motor shaft (81) extending along the pivot axis (P);
a shaft hole (68) provided in the rotation prevention plate (61) to receive the motor shaft (81);
a key (82) provided so that the rotation prevention plate (61) rotates integrally with the motor shaft (81);
An operating means for operating the motor (80).
- The above embodiment is characterized in that the anti-rotation plate (61) is connected to the main body (10) by a free hinge (75).
- In the above embodiment, a movable connecting member (77) is arranged between the anti-rotation plate (61) and the main body (10), the movable connecting member (77) comprising: A coil spring (77g), a shock absorber (77c, 77e) that suppresses vibration of the coil spring (77g), and a fixed end (77d) of the shock absorber (77c, 77e) on the main body (10) side. a swing shaft member (77h) provided in and supported by the main body (10);
The rotation prevention plate (61) is movable linearly relative to the main body (10) by the coil spring (77g) and the shock absorber (77c, 77e), and is movable in a straight line relative to the main body (10). It is characterized by being capable of swinging movement as a central axis.
- In the above aspect, a recess (77m) provided in the main body (10) so that the fixed end (77d) of the shock absorber (77c, 77e) on the main body (10) side is inserted; It is characterized by having a roller (77a) provided at the tip of the fixed end (77d) and capable of rolling within the recess (77m).

According to the floating shelter of the present invention, since the main body located below the water line has a conical, truncated conical, or cylindrical side surface whose diameter decreases from above to below, it maintains a stable state on the water surface. easy. Furthermore, since the main body has a plurality of anti-rotation plates arranged on the side surfaces at equal angular intervals around the central axis and extending in radial directions, the floating shelter can be prevented from rotating in the event of a tsunami or flood. It can be suppressed. In addition, the anti-rotation plate prevents the floating shelter from rolling when it is pushed up a waterless slope while floating, or during storage or transportation.

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view schematically showing a floating shelter according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 2A is a plan view of the floating shelter shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. 2C is a schematic sectional view taken along line II in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a floating shelter according to the present invention floating on a water surface. FIG. 4 schematically shows forces of the same magnitude applied at various angles to the side surface of the main body and their component forces. FIG. 5 is an external perspective view schematically showing a floating shelter according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) shows the floating shelter in an unused state, and (b) shows the floating shelter in a used state. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view schematically showing the rotation prevention mechanism in an unused state shown in FIG. 5(a) and its surroundings. FIGS. 7A to 7D are schematic cross-sections taken along line II-II in FIG. 6, and illustrate a method of operating the anti-rotation mechanism of the second embodiment. FIG. 8 schematically shows the same cross section as FIG. 7 of the third embodiment, with (a) showing a non-use state and (b) showing a use state. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram similar to FIG. 6 of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 10(a) is a side view schematically showing only one anti-rotation plate and its surroundings in the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 10(b) and (c) are along line III-III in (a). FIG. FIG. 11(a) is a side view schematically showing only one anti-rotation plate and its surroundings in the sixth embodiment, and (b) to (d) are along line IV-IV in (a). FIG. FIG. 12(a) is a side view schematically showing only one anti-rotation plate and its surroundings in the seventh embodiment, and FIG. 12(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in FIG. 12(a). , and (c) is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in (b). FIGS. 13(a) and 13(b) show the movement of the rotation prevention mechanism of the seventh embodiment. FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a form in which the floating shelter of the present invention is transported by a vehicle.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the drawings of each embodiment, the same or similar elements are indicated using the same or similar symbols.

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view schematically showing a floating shelter (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a "shelter") according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The floating shelter 1 can accommodate evacuees and float on the water surface when the water level increases during a tsunami or flood in a place where there is normally no water. The shelter 1 has a main body part 10 and a canopy part 20 above the main body part 10.

The main body 10 of the first embodiment has a conical side surface 10a whose diameter decreases from the top to the bottom. As another example, the side surface 10a may have a truncated conical shape whose diameter decreases from above to below, or may have a cylindrical shape. Therefore, the bottom surface of the cone in the normal orientation is located at the upper end A of the main body portion 10, and the apex of the cone in the normal orientation is located at the lower end B of the main body portion 10a. The main body 10 is a hollow body with an open upper end, and has an internal space 40 for accommodating an evacuee. The side surface 10a is the outer surface of a side wall formed of a material having a predetermined thickness. Hatches 11 for evacuees to enter and exit are provided at appropriate locations on the side walls.

When the side surface 10a of the main body 10 is conical, the vertical length H from the upper end A to the lower end B of the main body 10 is 1.5 to 2.5 times the diameter D at the upper end A of the main body 10. It is preferable that In the illustrated example, length H is approximately twice diameter D. The same applies when the side surface 10a has a truncated cone shape or a cylindrical shape.

The canopy part 20 continues to the upper end of the side wall of the main body part 10 so as to cover the upper end opening of the main body part 10. It is preferable that the canopy part 20 has a substantially dome shape, for example, as shown in the drawing. The shape of the canopy part 20 is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a cylindrical shape, a conical shape, or a truncated conical shape. The canopy section 20 is also a hollow body and has an internal space that is continuous with the internal space 40 of the main body section 10. Preferably, a preliminary second hatch 21 is provided at the top of the canopy section 20.

Note that the structure for ensuring the airtightness and durability of the floating shelter 1 is a known technology, and therefore will not be described in detail in this specification.

Furthermore, a ballast 45 serving as a weight is mounted in the internal space 40 of the main body portion 10. Preferably, the ballast 45 is mounted at the bottom of the main body 10 of the shelter 1. This lowers the center of gravity of the shelter 1, making it easier to maintain the illustrated posture underwater.

The shelter 1 receives buoyancy in the water. The buoyant force is proportional to the product of the volume of the shelter 1 submerged in water, that is, the volume of the portion below the swamping position, and the density of water. The buoyant force balances the weight of the shelter 1. Therefore, the stifling position of the shelter 1 varies depending on the weight of the shelter 1. In the present invention, the weight of the ballast 45 is adjusted in advance by adding the weight of the shelter 1 itself and the weight of all the evacuees scheduled to ride therein, and taking this into account. In that case, the ballast 45 is adjusted so that the stifling position of the shelter 1 is located at the upper end A of the main body part 10. The stuttering position does not have to be exactly the upper end A position; it is sufficient to aim for approximately this position.

The ballast 45 is composed of a combination of ballast individuals 45a each having the same weight or different weights. The weight of the ballast 45 can be adjusted by the number and/or type of ballast individuals 45a. The ballast individual 45a can be, for example, a sealed container filled with water or liquid, or a metal weight.

When the upper end A of the main body part 10 is at the draft position, debris etc. collide with the side surface 10a of the main body part 10, which is submerged in water. Therefore, the opposite conical surface on the side surface 10a has the function of receiving an impact force from colliding debris or the like and converting the impact force into an upward force on the shelter 1. This effect will be explained in detail with reference to FIG.

Further, the shelter 1 is provided with a rotation prevention mechanism 60 in the main body 10 in order to prevent rotation around the center axis C while floating, that is, rotation. The rotation prevention mechanism 60 has a plurality of rotation prevention plates 61 each extending in the radial direction of the central axis C from above the side surface 10a. Although only one anti-rotation plate 61 is shown in FIG. 1, another anti-rotation plate is provided on the opposite side of the central axis C, that is, at an angular interval of 180°.

Preferably, the shelter 1 is provided with a ventilation opening 24. In the illustrated example, the ventilation opening 24 is provided in the wall of the canopy section 20 . Preferably, a hanging hook 22 is attached to the surface of the canopy section 20 in order to suspend the shelter 1 by heavy machinery. In the illustrated example, a pair of hanging hooks 22 are attached diagonally. Preferably, an identification mark 23 is attached to the surface of the canopy section 20. This is a sign for identifying the shelter 1 or the evacuees therein, and is useful for rescue.

2A is a plan view of the floating shelter 1 shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2B is a front view, and FIG. 2C is a schematic sectional view taken along line II in FIG. The anti-rotation plate 61 acts as a resistor against the flow of surrounding water and acts as a brake against the rotation of the shelter 1. The area, contour, and thickness of the main surface of the rotation prevention plate 61 are set in consideration of the effect and strength. Preferably, both main surfaces of the anti-rotation plate 61 are substantially flat. In the illustrated example, the outline of the rotation prevention plate 61 is semi-elliptical, but it may also be triangular, quadrilateral, or polygonal.

In order to exhibit the anti-rotation function evenly around the central axis C, a plurality of anti-rotation plates 61 are arranged around the central axis C at equal angular intervals. In the case of three sheets, the interval is 120°, in the case of four sheets, the interval is 90°, etc.

The vertical mounting position of the rotation prevention plate 61 is such that the upper end of the rotation prevention plate 61 is located at the upper end A (including the lower part of the upper end A) of the main body 10, as shown in FIG. 2(b). preferable. The vertical length h from the upper end (highest part) to the lower end (lowest part) of the rotation prevention plate 61 is 0.4 times the vertical length H from the upper end A to the lower end B of the main body 10. It is preferable that it is below. Further, the horizontal length w from the point closest to the central axis C to the farthest point on the rotation prevention plate 61 is preferably 0.3 times or less the diameter D of the main body portion 10. Regarding the rotation prevention function, it is preferable that the area of the main surface of the rotation prevention plate 61 is large. However, if the anti-rotation plate 61 is too large compared to the main body 10, debris and the like will easily get caught while it is floating, so it should be kept to an appropriate size.

The anti-rotation plate 61 may have a hanging hole 62 on which a hook can be hung when lifting the shelter 1.

The rotation prevention plate 61 is attached to the main body 10 using one linearly extending edge 61 a that is closer to the main body 10 . The edge used for this attachment is referred to as the "proximal edge." The proximal edge 61a extends along one generatrix of the side surface 10a of a conical shape (the same applies in the case of a truncated conical shape or a cylindrical shape). In the first embodiment, the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61 is directly fixed to the main body 10. Preferably, the proximal end of the proximal edge 61a is welded to the main body 10, as shown at 63 in FIG. 2(c). Note that the edge 61b located on the opposite side of the proximal edge 61a and farther from the main body 10 is referred to as a "distal edge."

FIG. 3 illustrates a state in which the floating shelter according to the present invention floats near the water surface S. Here, the shelter 1 of the first embodiment is shown as an example. The stifling position of the shelter 1 is set at approximately the upper end A of the main body portion 10. When a tsunami or flood occurs, there is a large amount of debris R in the water, which randomly collides with the floating shelter 1. Since the side surface 10a of the main body portion 10 located underwater has an inverted conical side surface 10a, the impact force when these debris R collides with the side surface tends to act upward on the shelter 1. . Further, rotation of the shelter 1 is suppressed by the rotation prevention plate 61.

FIG. 4 schematically shows a partial cross section including the side surface 10a of the main body portion 10, and forces F1 to F4 of the same magnitude applied at various angles to the side surface 10a, and their component forces. Forces F1 to F4 are impact forces caused by debris and the like. Regarding each of the forces F1 to F4, component forces in a direction perpendicular to the side surface 10a are indicated by symbols f1 to f4, respectively. The component force in the direction parallel to the side surface 10a does not act on the shelter 1, so it is not labeled. Component forces f1 to f4 in the direction perpendicular to the side surface 10a are forces substantially applied to the shelter 1, and all of them are obliquely upward forces. Therefore, the shelter 1 is constantly subjected to a force directed toward the water surface S even though it is being crushed by the debris 60, so that it is less likely to sink into the water. Moreover, since the side surface 10a of the main body part 10 is a smooth curved surface without unevenness, it is difficult for debris etc. to get caught thereon.

This effect is also the same for shelters with oppositely oriented truncated cone-shaped sides. Further, in the case of a shelter with cylindrical side surfaces, there is only a force pushing the shelter horizontally, but at least no downward force is generated against the shelter.

FIG. 5 is an external perspective view schematically showing a floating shelter according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) shows the floating shelter in an unused state, and (b) shows the floating shelter in a used state.

The second embodiment has a folding mechanism that can fold the rotation prevention plate 61 of the rotation prevention mechanism 60 when not in use. In the non-use state shown in FIG. 5(a), the rotation prevention plate 61 lies down on the side surface 10a of the main body portion 10. That is, the main surface of the rotation prevention plate 61 and the side surface 10a are substantially parallel. In the usage state shown in FIG. 5(b), the rotation prevention plate 61 pivots around the pivot axis P provided at the attachment position, thereby standing vertically to the side surface 10a.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an enlarged view of the rotation prevention mechanism 60 in an unused state shown in FIG. 5(a) and its surroundings. However, since FIG. 6 schematically shows the main components of the anti-rotation mechanism 60, the relative size of the entire shelter 1 and the anti-rotation mechanism 6, as well as the shape and thickness of each component. etc. are not consistent with FIG.

FIG. 6 shows a geometrical pivot axis P of the rotation prevention plate 61. As shown in FIG. A cylindrical pivot member 64 having a predetermined length and radius extends around the pivot axis P. One pivot member 64 is provided at the upper and lower portions of the rotation prevention plate 61. As another example, the two upper and lower pivot members 64 may be replaced with one continuous pivot member.

Since the turning mechanisms at the upper and lower parts of the rotation prevention plate 61 are symmetrical to each other, only the turning mechanism at the upper part will be described. The upper part of the pivot shaft member 64 is held by a shaft support section 65 fixed to the main body section 10 of the shelter 1. Therefore, the pivot shaft member 64 is provided integrally with the main body section 10 via the shaft support section 65.

The lower surface of the shaft support 65 is substantially adjacent to the upper surface of the rotation prevention plate 61, particularly the upper surface of the proximal edge 61a. The lower part of the pivot shaft member 64 is inserted into the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61. For this purpose, a shaft hole 68 for receiving the pivot member 64 is opened in the upper surface of the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61. The shaft hole 68 is provided within the thickness of the rotation prevention plate 61 and has a predetermined length downward. The shape of the cross section of the shaft hole 68 perpendicular to the rotation axis P is not circular but approximately oval. This will be described later with reference to FIG.

Further, a rotation prevention portion 66 is provided that accommodates the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61 and supports the rotation prevention plate 61 in a non-rotatable manner. The rotation prevention part 66 is fixed to the main body part 10. In the illustrated example, the pivot block 66 is in the form of an L-shaped lug. Since the rotation prevention portion 66 supports the end surface and main surface of the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61, the rotation prevention plate 61 cannot rotate around the rotation axis P in this state. Preferably, a suitable fastener 67 is provided on the distal edge 61b of the rotation prevention plate 61 so that the rotation prevention plate 61 does not escape from the rotation prevention portion 66. The fastener 67 has one end fixed to the main body 10 and the other end fixed to the rotation prevention plate 61. The other end of the fastener 67 can be manually attached to and detached from the rotation prevention plate 61.

FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a method of operating the folding mechanism of the rotation prevention plate 61 in the second embodiment. FIG. 7(a) is a diagram schematically showing a cross section taken along line II-II in FIG. This cross section is perpendicular to the pivot axis P, and corresponds to the position of the upper surface of the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61.

As shown in FIG. 7(a), the shaft hole 68 for receiving the pivot shaft member 64 is approximately oval, and has a first shaft hole portion 68a, a second shaft hole portion 68b, and a portion connecting these. . Each shaft hole 68a, 68b can receive a pivot shaft member 64, respectively. The pivot member 64 is movable between the first shaft hole 68a and the second shaft hole 68b. In the non-use state shown in FIG. 7(a), the pivot shaft member 64 is located in the first shaft hole 68a, and the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61 is accommodated in the L-shaped lug of the rotation prevention portion 66. ing. That is, the first web 66a of the L-shaped lug abuts the end surface of the proximal edge 61a, and the second web 66b abuts the main surface of the proximal edge 61a.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7(a), the main body portion 10 is provided with an upright support recess 69 at a predetermined depth from the side surface 10a. The upright support recess 69 is a groove extending in the generatrix direction of the main body portion 10 . The upright support recess 69 is located at the same angular position as the pivot shaft member 64 in the circumferential direction of the main body portion 10 . The upright support recess 69 is for allowing the rotation prevention plate 61 to stand up with respect to the main body 10 when the rotation prevention plate 61 is in use. Therefore, the upright support recess 69 extends at least the same length as the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61 in the generatrix direction of the main body 10, and at least as long as the thickness of the rotation prevention plate 61 in the circumferential direction of the body 10. Extend the same length.

In order to put the anti-rotation plate 61 into use, the operations shown in FIGS. 7(b) to 7(d) are performed. First, in FIG. 7(b), the fastener 67 fixing the distal edge 61b of the rotation prevention plate 61 is removed. Next, the rotation prevention plate 61 is moved in the horizontal direction substantially parallel to the side surface 10a of the main body portion 10 (see white arrow). By this operation, the rotation prevention plate 61 escapes from the rotation prevention part 66. This allows rotation of the rotation prevention plate 61. As the rotation prevention plate 61 moves, the shaft hole 68 also moves. As a result, the position of the pivot shaft member 64 within the shaft hole 68 moves from the first shaft hole portion 68a to the second shaft hole portion 68b.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7(c), the rotation prevention plate 61 is rotated by 90° about the pivot shaft member 64 (see white arrow). In the illustrated example, an appropriate notch 69a is provided at the edge of the upright support recess 69 so that the anti-rotation plate 61 and the main body 10 do not interfere with each other during this turning operation. The cutout portion 69a is not essential.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7(d), the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61 is inserted deep into the upright support recess 69 of the main body 10 (see white arrow). This prevents rotation of the rotation prevention plate 61 and brings it into a state where it stands perpendicularly to the side surface 10a of the main body portion 10. Although not shown, an appropriate means for fixing the rotation prevention plate 61 so that it does not escape from the upright support recess 69 is provided. For example, it is an L-shaped fitting that connects and fixes the main body 10 and the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61. In this way, the rotation prevention plate 61 can be brought into use. To return the rotation prevention plate 61 to the non-use state, perform the reverse procedure.

In the illustrated second embodiment, the pivot shaft member 64 is provided integrally with the main body portion 10 via the shaft support portion 65, and the shaft hole 68 is provided integrally with the rotation prevention plate 61. . As another form, the pivot shaft member 64 may be provided integrally with the rotation prevention plate 61, and the shaft hole 68 may be provided integrally with the main body portion 10. In that case, in the rotation mechanism on the upper part of the rotation prevention plate 61, the rotation shaft member 64 extends upward from the upper surface of the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61, and the shaft hole 68 is opened in the lower surface of the shaft support part 65. It is set up so that That is, the shaft hole 68 is provided integrally with the main body part 10 via the shaft support part 65. The rotating mechanism at the lower part of the rotation prevention plate 61 has a configuration symmetrical to the upper part. Even in this other form, the operation of the rotation prevention plate 61 shown in FIG. 7 is exactly the same.

With reference to FIG. 8, a third embodiment with another folding mechanism will be described. FIG. 8 schematically shows the same cross section as FIG. 7, with (a) showing the non-use state and (b) showing the use state. This embodiment is a simple type. A shaft support portion (not shown) fixed to the main body portion 10 and a cylindrical pivot member 64 supported thereby are substantially the same as those shown in FIG. 6 .

In the third embodiment, the pivot shaft member 64 has a pin groove 64a extending inward in the radial direction of the pivot shaft P from the outer peripheral surface of the pivot shaft member 64 in a cross section perpendicular to the pivot shaft P. The pin groove 64a is a groove having a predetermined length in the axial direction of the pivot shaft member 64.

On the other hand, a circular shaft hole 68 is provided in the proximal edge 61 a of the rotation prevention plate 61 to receive the pivot shaft member 64 . Further, the rotation prevention plate 61 is formed with two pin screw holes 68c and 68d. The pin screw holes 68c and 68d extend in the radial direction of the rotation axis P from the inner surface of the shaft hole 68 to the surface of the rotation prevention plate 61, and are provided at angular intervals of 90 degrees from each other around the rotation axis P.

Furthermore, it has a screw pin 70 that is screwed into one of the pin screw holes 68c and 68d. In the non-use state shown in FIG. 8(a), the screw pin 70 is screwed into and penetrates one pin screw hole 68c, and its tip is inserted into the pin groove 64a. As a result, the rotation prevention plate 61 is maintained in an unused state. When the rotation prevention plate 61 is to be put into use, the screw pin 70 is removed and the rotation prevention plate 61 is rotated by 90 degrees around the pivot shaft member 64. As a result, the rotation prevention plate 61 is in the used position shown in FIG. 8(b). Thereafter, the screw pin 70 is screwed into the other pin screw hole 68d, and its tip is inserted into the pin groove 64a. Thereby, the rotation prevention plate 61 is fixed in an upright state relative to the side surface 10a of the main body portion 10.

A fourth embodiment having yet another folding mechanism will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram similar to FIG. 6. In this embodiment, a motor 72 is used to rotate the rotation prevention plate 61 . The main body of the motor 72 is installed within a shaft support 65 fixed to the main body 10. A motor shaft 72 extending downward from the motor 72 passes through a shaft hole 68 formed in the rotation prevention plate 61. The lower end of the motor shaft 72 is supported by a lower shaft support portion 65. A key 73 is provided between the motor shaft 72 and the rotation prevention plate 61. Thereby, the motor shaft 72 and the rotation prevention plate 61 can rotate integrally.

Although not shown, operation means for the motor 72, such as a switch, are provided outside and/or inside the main body 10. Preferably, the operating means for the motor 72 is provided at least internally. In that case, appropriate electrical leads from the motor 72 are guided through the side wall of the main body 10 into the interior space. The lead wire is connected to an operation panel or the like installed in the internal space.

With reference to FIG. 10, a fifth embodiment having a further different anti-rotation mechanism 60 will be described. FIG. 10(a) is a side view schematically showing only one anti-rotation plate 61 and its surroundings, and FIG. 10(b) and (c) are schematic cross-sectional views taken along line III-III in FIG. 10(a). It is.

As shown in FIG. 10(a), the anti-rotation plate 61 is formed of an immovable portion 61c in which a half portion including a proximal edge 61a is made of a rigid body, and a half portion including a distal edge 61b is made of an elastic body. It is formed by a movable part 61d. The stationary part 61c and the movable part 61d are connected using a suitable fixture 61e.

As shown in FIG. 10(b), the base end of the immovable portion 61c is directly fixed to the main body portion 10, for example, by welding or the like. In the illustrated example, in the connection region between the stationary section 61c and the movable section 61d, a protrusion is formed on the end surface of the stationary section 61c, while a groove is formed on the end surface of the movable section 61d. The stationary part 61c and the movable part 61d are integrated by fitting the protrusion of the stationary part 61c into the groove of the movable part 61d, and inserting and fixing the fixture 61e, which is made of a bolt and nut, into the fitting part. I'm letting you do it.

The movable part 61d is made of an elastic plate made of, for example, an elastomer. It is preferable that the thickness of the movable part 61d becomes thinner as it approaches the distal edge 61b. In that case, the movable portion 61d has a shape similar to a webbed fin. Thereby, the movable part 61d becomes easier to move as it approaches the tip. As shown in FIG. 10(c), when an excessive force is applied to the rotation prevention plate 61, the movable portion 61d bends to deflect the force. As a result, damage to the rotation prevention plate 61 can be avoided. At the same time, the load applied to the main body portion 10 via the rotation prevention plate 61 can be reduced. Therefore, damage to the main body 10 due to damage to the rotation prevention plate 61 can be avoided. When the force is removed, the movable portion 61d returns to its original shape due to the restoring force of the elastic body. The configuration of the movable portion 61d can be applied not only to this embodiment but also to the rotation prevention plate 61 of other embodiments.

A sixth embodiment having a further different anti-rotation mechanism 60 will be described with reference to FIG. 11.
FIG. 11(a) is a side view schematically showing only one anti-rotation plate 61 and its surroundings in the sixth embodiment, and (b) to (d) are lines IV-IV in (a). FIG. 3(e) is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the same line, and (e) is a schematic perspective view of a free hinge used in this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 11(a), the rotation prevention plate 61 is connected to the main body 10 by free hinges 75 at two locations on the proximal edge 61a. Although the free hinge is well known, its structure will be briefly explained with reference to FIG. 11(e). The free hinge 75 includes two hinge parts 75a and 75b, a plate-shaped connecting part 75e that connects them, a mounting wing 75c provided on one hinge part 75a, and a mounting wing 75c provided on the other hinge part 75b. 75d. The hinge portion 75a includes a first tube 75a1 fixed to the edge of the connecting portion 75e, and a second tube 75a2 fixed to the edge of the attachment wing 75c. Furthermore, a core rod 75a3 and a spring 75a4 are built inside the cylindrical body made up of the first tube 75a1 and the second tube 75a2. The connecting portion 75e and the attachment wing 75c are relatively rotatable from the initial position around the core rod 75a3. The relatively rotated connecting portion 75e and mounting wing 75c are returned to their initial positions by a built-in spring 75a4. The other hinge portion 75b provided with the mounting wings 75d is similarly configured. As shown in FIG. 11(a), the axial direction of the free hinge 75 is parallel to the generatrix direction of the side surface 10a of the main body portion 10.

In FIG. 11(b), the free hinge 75 connecting the anti-rotation plate 61 and the main body 10 is at the initial position. At the initial position, the attachment wings 75c, 75d and the connecting portion 75e are parallel. One attachment wing 75c is fixed to the end surface of the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61. The other attachment wing 75d is fixed to the main body portion 10. At the initial position of the free hinge 75, the rotation prevention plate 61 stands up with respect to the main body 10.

As shown in FIG. 11(c) or (d), when an excessive force is applied to the rotation prevention plate 61, the rotation prevention plate 61 can swing around the hinge portion 75a or 75b of the free hinge 75. . The magnitude of the force at which the rotation prevention plate 61 begins to swing can be set by adjusting the restoring force of the spring 75a4 built into the free hinge 75. Since the anti-rotation plate 61 can swing when an excessive force is applied, the load on the main body 10 can be reduced. Thereby, damage to the main body portion 10 can be avoided. When the excessive force is removed, the rotation prevention plate 61 returns to the upright state shown in FIG. 11(a) due to the restoring force of the spring 75a4 of the free hinge 75.

A seventh embodiment having a further different anti-rotation mechanism 60 will be described with reference to FIG. 12.
FIG. 12(a) is a side view schematically showing only one anti-rotation plate 61 and its surroundings in the seventh embodiment, and FIG. 12(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in FIG. 12(a). FIG. 3(c) is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 3(b).

As shown in FIG. 12(a), the rotation prevention plate 61 is connected to the main body portion 10 at two locations on the proximal edge 61a by movable connecting members 77, respectively. The movable connecting member 77 extends substantially perpendicularly to the side surface 10a of the main body portion 10. The movable connecting member 77 allows the rotation prevention plate 61 to swing and move linearly with respect to the main body 10 .

As shown in FIG. 12(b), the movable connecting member 77 has a basic structure of a shock absorber. An outer cylinder 77c and an inner cylinder 77e arranged in the axial direction of the movable connecting member 77 constitute a damper that is, for example, an oil damper. The axial length of the movable connecting member 77 changes as the inner cylinder 77e moves in and out of the outer cylinder 77c. In the illustrated example, the fixed end 77f of the inner cylinder 77e is fixed to the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61 by a fixture 77i. A coil spring 77g is arranged around the inner cylinder 77e. One end of the coil spring 77g is supported by the end surface of the proximal edge 61a of the rotation prevention plate 61, and the other end of the coil spring 77g is supported by the end surface of the outer cylinder 77c. The vibration of the coil spring 77g is suppressed by a damper formed by an outer cylinder 77c and an inner cylinder 77e.

A swing shaft member 77h passes through the fixed end portion 77d of the outer cylinder 77c perpendicularly to the axial direction of the movable connecting member 77 and parallel to the generatrix direction of the main body portion 10. As shown in FIG. 12(c), both upper and lower ends of the swing shaft member 77h are supported by a pedestal portion 77j. The pedestal portion 77j is a part of the main body portion 10 that protrudes from the main body portion 10. For example, a fixture 77k passes through the cylindrical swing shaft member 77h, and fixes the swing shaft member 77h and the base portion 77j. The means for supporting the swing shaft member 77h by the main body portion 10 is not limited to this. The movable connection member 77 is swingable about the swing shaft member 77h as a central axis. Therefore, the rotation prevention plate 61 is also swingable about the swing shaft member 77h as a central axis.

Furthermore, the tip of the fixed end portion 77d of the outer cylinder 77c is inserted into a recess 77m provided in the main body portion 10. The recessed portion 77m has a substantially fan shape when viewed from the axial direction of the swing shaft member 77h, and has a predetermined length in the axial direction. A roller 77a that can roll around a roller shaft 77b is provided at the tip of the fixed end portion 77d. The roller 77a can roll along the fan-shaped wall surface of the recess 77m. The rolling range of the roller 77a can be set by the shape of the recess 77m. The swinging range of the rotation prevention plate 61 is also determined by the rolling range of the roller 77a. The roller 77a can also be a ball body.

FIGS. 13(a) and 13(b) show the movement of the rotation prevention mechanism 60 in the seventh embodiment. FIG. 13A shows a state in which the rotation prevention plate 61 swings about the swing shaft member 77h as a central axis due to a force being applied to the rotation prevention plate 61. As shown in FIG. At this time, the roller 77a rolls within the recess 77m. In this way, the rotation prevention plate 61 can swing around the swing shaft member 77h as the central axis. The end of the recess 77m serves as a stopper.

FIG. 13B shows a state in which the rotation prevention plate 61 is displaced in a direction away from the main body 10 due to force being applied to the rotation prevention plate 61. As shown in FIG. At this time, a part of the inner cylinder 77e comes out from the outer cylinder 77c, and the coil spring 77g is extended. Thereafter, the coil spring 77g contracts due to its elastic restoring force. The subsequent vibration of the coil spring 77g is suppressed by the shock absorber. In this way, the anti-rotation plate 61 can move linearly toward and away from the main body 10.

The actual movement of the rotation prevention mechanism 60 is a combination of the movements shown in FIGS. 13(a) and 13(b). In the seventh embodiment, the anti-rotation plate 61 can be moved in various ways in response to external forces. Thereby, the load applied to the main body 10 can be reduced, and damage to the main body 10 can be avoided.

FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a form in which the floating shelter 1 is transported by a vehicle. The floating shelter 1 can be easily transported by being mounted on a trailer vehicle 91 and towed by an appropriate vehicle 90. The presence of the anti-rotation plate 61 also has the effect of preventing the floating shelter 1 from rolling when being transported on the ground or temporarily stored lying down. After reaching the destination, it is installed using heavy equipment such as a crane.

Although not shown, it is preferable that the floating shelter 1 is installed vertically. This is so that the floating shelter 1 can be boarded quickly during evacuation. In that case, since the center of gravity of the floating shelter 1 is located at a high position, it is preferable to place the floating shelter 1 on a suitable support base. Furthermore, in the case of the floating shelter 1 of the second to fourth embodiments, the anti-rotation plate 61 can be installed in a folded and unused state.

The floating shelter of the present invention described above is used, for example, as follows. In the event of a tsunami or flood, evacuees enter the shelter through the hatch. If the anti-rotation plate is folded, the anti-rotation plate should be erected before or after the evacuee gets on board to be in use. Then, as the surrounding water increases, the shelter begins to float due to buoyancy, and is suspended by the water current. Evacuees will wait inside the shelter until the surrounding wind and rain conditions subside or the water subsides. Since the sides of the shelter are shaped like an inverted cone, the impact force of debris acts as an upward force, making it easier to maintain a floating state on the water surface and therefore easier to be discovered. While floating, the shelter's rotation is suppressed by the anti-rotation plate. Furthermore, if you are pushed up onto a slope without water while floating, the anti-rotation plate will prevent you from rolling down the slope.

Even in situations where a house is likely to be crushed by a debris flow, evacuees can evacuate by entering a floating shelter within a few minutes, and survive even if their house collapses or is washed away. be able to. Furthermore, the number of missing persons can be reduced. The floating shelter of the present invention is small and easy to transport and move, so it can be easily used in ordinary households. Suitable for people who cannot evacuate by car, especially the elderly.

Furthermore, the embodiments illustrated and described here are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications are possible. Moreover, if each component described for each embodiment can be combined with other embodiments, such combinations are also included in the present invention.

1 Floating shelter 10 Main body 10a Main body side 11 Hatch 12 Stabilizer 20 Canopy 21 Second hatch 22 Hook 23 Identification sign 24 Ventilation valve 41 Seat 42 Floor plate 43 Ladder 44 Equipment 45 Ballast 45a Ballast individual 46 Seat belt 60 Anti-rotation mechanism 61 Rotation prevention plate 61a Proximal edge 61b Distal edge 61c Fixed part 61d Movable part 61d1 Movable tip 61e Fixture 62 Hanging hole 63 Welded part 64 Pivot shaft member 64a Pin groove 65 Shaft support part 66 Pivot prevention part 67 Fastener 68 Shaft hole 68a First shaft hole 68b Second shaft hole 68c, 68d Pin screw hole 69 Standing support recess 69a Notch 70 Screw pin 72 Motor 73 Motor shaft 74 Key 75 Free hinge 75a, 75b Hinge portion 75c, 75d Mounting wing 75e Connecting part 77 Movable connecting member 77a Roller 77b Roller shaft 77c Outer cylinder 77d Outer cylinder fixed end 77e Inner cylinder 77f Inner cylinder fixed end 77g Coil spring 77h Swing shaft member 77i Fixture 77j Pedestal part 77k Fixture 77m Recess 90 Vehicle 91 Trailer vehicle A Upper end of main body B Lower end of main body C Central axis D Upper end diameter of main body H Vertical length of main body h Vertical length of anti-rotation plate W Horizontal length of anti-rotation plate R Floating object P Swivel axis

- An aspect of the invention is a floating shelter (1) that accommodates evacuees and floats on the water surface, comprising:
A main body (10) having a conical shape, a truncated conical shape, or a cylindrical side surface (10a) whose diameter decreases from the top to the bottom, and an internal space (40) for accommodating an evacuee;
a canopy part (20) that covers the upper end opening of the main body part (10);
a ballast (45) mounted within the internal space (40);
The ballast (45) is adjusted so that the swamping position of the floating shelter (1) is approximately at the upper end (A) of the main body (10), and
The vertical length (H) from the upper end (A) to the lower end (B) of the main body (10) is 1.5 times or more the diameter (D) at the upper end (A) of the main body (10). In the floating shelter, which is 2.5 times
The main body part (10) has a plurality of anti-rotation plates (61) arranged on the side surface (10a) at equal angular intervals around the central axis (C) and each extending in a radial direction,
The upper end of the rotation prevention plate (61) is located at approximately the upper end (A) of the main body (10), and the vertical length (h) from the upper end to the lower end of the rotation prevention plate (61) is It is characterized in that it is 0.4 times or less the length (H) in the vertical direction from the upper end (A) to the lower end (B) of the main body (10) .
- In the above embodiment, the rotation prevention plate (61) is directly fixed to the main body (10) by a proximal edge (61a) that is the edge closer to the main body (10). Features.
- In the above aspect, the rotation prevention plate (61) has one half including the proximal edge (61a) formed of a fixed part (61c) made of a rigid body, and the other half made of an elastic body. It is characterized by being formed of a movable part (61d).
- In the above embodiment, the rotation prevention plate (61) is rotated around the pivot axis (P) located at the proximal edge (61a), which is the edge of the rotation prevention plate (61) closer to the main body (10). (61) further includes a folding mechanism that allows the device to pivot between a used state in which it stands up on the side surface (10a) and an unused state in which it lies down on the side surface (10a).
- In the above aspect, the folding mechanism comprises:
a pivot shaft member (64) extending along the pivot shaft (P);
A shaft hole (68) for receiving the pivot shaft member (64), wherein a cross section perpendicular to the pivot shaft (P) includes a first shaft hole portion (68a) and a second shaft hole portion (68b). The shaft hole (68) has a substantially oval shape, and the pivot shaft member (64) is movable between the first shaft hole (68a) and the second shaft hole (68b). and,
The main body portion is configured to accommodate the proximal edge (61a) of the anti-rotation plate (61) to prevent the anti-rotation plate (61) from pivoting when the anti-rotation plate (61) is not in use. (10) a rotation prevention part (66) provided in the
The main body portion (10) is configured to accommodate the proximal edge (61a) of the rotation prevention plate (61) in order to make the rotation prevention plate (61) stand up when the rotation prevention plate (61) is in use. an upright support recess (69) provided in the
One of the pivot shaft member (64) and the shaft hole (68) is provided integrally with one of the main body portion (10) and the rotation prevention plate (61), and one of the pivot shaft member (64) ) and the shaft hole (68) are provided integrally with the other of the main body (10) and the rotation prevention plate (61).
- In the above aspect, the folding mechanism comprises:
a pivot member (64) extending along the pivot axis (P) and fixed to the main body (10);
a pin groove (64a) extending from the outer peripheral surface of the pivot shaft member (64) inward in the radial direction of the pivot shaft (P);
a shaft hole (68) provided in the rotation prevention plate (61) for receiving the pivot shaft member (64);
extending in the radial direction of the pivot shaft (P) from the inner surface of the shaft hole (68) to the surface of the rotation prevention plate (61), and provided at angular intervals of 90° from each other around the pivot shaft (P). two pin screw holes (68c, 68d),
a screw pin (70) that can be screwed into either one of the pin screw holes (68c, 68d) and inserted into the pin groove (64a);
The screw pin (70) is screwed into one of the two pin screw holes (68c, 68d) when the rotation prevention plate (61) is not in use, and is screwed into one of the two pin screw holes (68c, 68d) when the rotation prevention plate (61) is in use. 68c, 68d) and is inserted into the pin groove (64a).
- In the above aspect, the folding mechanism comprises:
a motor ( 72) fixed to the main body (10) and having a motor shaft (73 ) extending along the pivot axis (P);
a shaft hole (68) provided in the rotation prevention plate (61) to receive the motor shaft ( 73 );
a key ( 74 ) provided so that the rotation prevention plate (61) rotates integrally with the motor shaft ( 73 );
It is characterized by comprising an operating means for operating the motor ( 72 ).
- The above embodiment is characterized in that it has a free hinge (75) arranged between the anti-rotation plate (61) and the main body (10) for connecting them .
- In the above embodiment, a movable connecting member (77) is arranged between the anti-rotation plate (61) and the main body (10), the movable connecting member (77) comprising: A coil spring (77g), a shock absorber (77c, 77e) that suppresses vibration of the coil spring (77g), and a fixed end (77d) of the shock absorber (77c, 77e) on the main body (10) side. a swing shaft member (77h) provided in and supported by the main body (10);
The rotation prevention plate (61) is movable linearly relative to the main body (10) by the coil spring (77g) and the shock absorber (77c, 77e), and is movable in a straight line relative to the main body (10). It is characterized by being capable of swinging movement as a central axis.
- In the above aspect, a recess (77m) provided in the main body (10) so that the fixed end (77d) of the shock absorber (77c, 77e) on the main body (10) side is inserted; It is characterized by having a roller (77a) provided at the tip of the fixed end (77d) and capable of rolling within the recess (77m).

A fourth embodiment having yet another folding mechanism will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram similar to FIG. 6. In this embodiment, a motor 72 is used to rotate the rotation prevention plate 61 . The main body of the motor 72 is installed within a shaft support 65 fixed to the main body 10. A motor shaft 73 extending downward from the motor 72 passes through a shaft hole 68 formed in the rotation prevention plate 61. The lower end of the motor shaft 73 is supported by a lower shaft support portion 65. A key 74 is provided between the motor shaft 73 and the rotation prevention plate 61. As a result, the motor shaft 73 and the rotation prevention plate 61 can rotate integrally.

Claims (11)

A floating shelter (1) that accommodates evacuees and floats on the water surface,
A main body (10) having a conical shape, a truncated conical shape, or a cylindrical side surface (10a) whose diameter decreases from the top to the bottom, and an internal space (40) for accommodating an evacuee;
a canopy part (20) that covers the upper end opening of the main body part (10);
a ballast (45) mounted within the internal space (40);
The ballast (45) is adjusted so that the swamping position of the floating shelter (1) is approximately at the upper end (A) of the main body (10), and
The vertical length (H) from the upper end (A) to the lower end (B) of the main body (10) is 1.5 times or more the diameter (D) at the upper end (A) of the main body (10). In the floating shelter (1), which is 2.5 times
The main body (10) is characterized in that it has a plurality of anti-rotation plates (61) arranged on the side surface (10a) at equal angular intervals around the central axis (C) and each extending in the radial direction. A floating shelter. The upper end of the rotation prevention plate (61) is located at approximately the upper end (A) of the main body (10), and the vertical length (h) from the upper end to the lower end of the rotation prevention plate (61) is The floating shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that the length (H) in the vertical direction from the upper end (A) to the lower end (B) of the main body (10) is 0.4 times or less. Claim characterized in that the anti-rotation plate (61) is directly fixed to the main body (10) by a proximal edge (61a) that is the edge closer to the main body (10). The floating shelter according to item 1 or 2. The anti-rotation plate (61) has one half including the proximal edge (61a) formed of a fixed part (61c) made of a rigid body, and the other half part made of a movable part (61d) made of an elastic body. ) Floating shelter according to claim 3, characterized in that it is formed of: The rotation prevention plate (61) is rotated around a pivot axis (P) located at the proximal edge (61a), which is the edge of the rotation prevention plate (61) closer to the main body (10). 3. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a folding mechanism capable of pivoting between a used state in which the device stands up on the side surface (10a) and an unused state in which it lies down on the side surface (10a). floating shelter. The folding mechanism is
a pivot shaft member (64) extending along the pivot shaft (P);
A shaft hole (68) for receiving the pivot shaft member (64), wherein a cross section perpendicular to the pivot shaft (P) includes a first shaft hole portion (68a) and a second shaft hole portion (68b). The shaft hole (68) has a substantially oval shape, and the pivot shaft member (64) is movable between the first shaft hole (68a) and the second shaft hole (68b). and,
The main body portion is configured to accommodate the proximal edge (61a) of the anti-rotation plate (61) to prevent the anti-rotation plate (61) from pivoting when the anti-rotation plate (61) is not in use. (10) a rotation prevention part (66) provided in the
The main body portion (10) is configured to accommodate the proximal edge (61a) of the rotation prevention plate (61) in order to make the rotation prevention plate (61) stand up when the rotation prevention plate (61) is in use. an upright support recess (69) provided in the
One of the pivot shaft member (64) and the shaft hole (68) is provided integrally with one of the main body portion (10) and the rotation prevention plate (61), and one of the pivot shaft member (64) ) and the shaft hole (68) are provided integrally with the other of the main body (10) and the rotation prevention plate (61). . The folding mechanism is
a pivot member (64) extending along the pivot axis (P) and fixed to the main body (10);
a pin groove (64a) extending from the outer peripheral surface of the pivot shaft member (64) inward in the radial direction of the pivot shaft (P);
a shaft hole (68) provided in the rotation prevention plate (61) for receiving the pivot shaft member (64);
extending in the radial direction of the pivot shaft (P) from the inner surface of the shaft hole (68) to the surface of the rotation prevention plate (61), and provided at angular intervals of 90° from each other around the pivot shaft (P). two pin screw holes (68c, 68d),
a screw pin (70) that can be screwed into either one of the pin screw holes (68c, 68d) and inserted into the pin groove (64a);
The screw pin (70) is screwed into one of the two pin screw holes (68c, 68d) when the rotation prevention plate (61) is not in use, and is screwed into one of the two pin screw holes (68c, 68d) when the rotation prevention plate (61) is in use. 6. The floating shelter according to claim 5, wherein the floating shelter is inserted into the pin groove (64a) by screwing with the other one of the pin grooves (68c, 68d). The folding mechanism is
a motor (80) fixed to the main body (10) and having a motor shaft (81) extending along the pivot axis (P);
a shaft hole (68) provided in the rotation prevention plate (61) to receive the motor shaft (81);
a key (82) provided so that the rotation prevention plate (61) rotates integrally with the motor shaft (81);
Floating shelter according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises operating means for operating the motor (80). Floating shelter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has a free hinge (75) arranged between the anti-rotation plate (61) and the body part (10) for connecting them. A movable connecting member (77) is disposed between the anti-rotation plate (61) and the main body (10), and the movable connecting member (77) includes a coil spring (77g). a shock absorber (77c, 77e) for suppressing vibration of the coil spring (77g); a swing shaft member (77h) supported by the portion (10);
The rotation prevention plate (61) is movable linearly relative to the main body (10) by the coil spring (77g) and the shock absorber (77c, 77e), and is movable in a straight line relative to the main body (10). 3. The floating shelter according to claim 1, wherein the floating shelter is capable of swinging movement about its central axis. A recess (77m) provided in the main body (10) into which the fixed end (77d) of the shock absorber (77c, 77e) on the main body (10) side is inserted; 11. The floating shelter according to claim 10, further comprising a roller (77a) provided at the tip of the recess (77d) and capable of rolling within the recess (77m).

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