JP2023549372A - 耐パウダリング性に優れた焼付硬化型溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
耐パウダリング性に優れた焼付硬化型溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
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Abstract
Description
重量%で、炭素(C):0.0001~0.005%、マンガン(Mn):0.1~1.2%、シリコン(Si):0.02%以下(0%を除く)、リン(P):0.01~0.04%、硫黄(S):0.01%以下(0%を除く)、窒素(N):0.01%以下(0%を除く)、アルミニウム(sol.Al):0.01~0.06%、ニオブ(Nb):0.003~0.015%、ボロン(B):0.0005~0.0035%、クロム(Cr):0.01~0.1%、モリブデン(Mo):0.005~0.05%、残部Fe及び不可避不純物を含み、下記関係式1-2を満たし、その微細組織がフェライト単相であり、下記関係式3を満たす耐パウダリング性に優れた焼付硬化型合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板に関するものである。
[Nb]/((93/12)×[C])<0.55
[Mn]/((55/28)×[Si])>10
[TS]×[El.]×[Upper-BH]>500,000(MPa×%)
但し、[Upper-BH]は:2%pre-strain後、170℃で20分間焼付(baking)した時のUpper Yield Stress。
重量%で、炭素(C):0.0001~0.005%、マンガン(Mn):0.1~1.2%、シリコン(Si):0.02%以下(0%を除く)、リン(P):0.01~0.04%、硫黄(S):0.01%以下(0%を除く)、窒素(N):0.01%以下(0%を除く)、アルミニウム(sol.Al):0.01~0.06%、ニオブ(Nb):0.003~0.015%、ボロン(B):0.0005~0.0035%、クロム(Cr):0.01~0.1%、モリブデン(Mo):0.005~0.05%、残部Fe及び不可避不純物を含み、下記関係式1-2を満たす鋼スラブを1000~1250℃の温度で再加熱する段階と、
上記再加熱された鋼スラブを900~1100℃の範囲の温度に熱間圧延する段階と、
上記熱間圧延された鋼板を500~700℃の範囲の温度まで平均冷却速度10~70℃/secで冷却した後、巻き取る段階と、
上記巻き取られた熱延鋼板を70~90%の圧下率で冷間圧延した後、740~850℃の温度範囲で連続焼鈍する段階と、
上記連続焼鈍された冷延鋼板を溶融亜鉛系めっき浴に浸漬した後、450~540℃の温度範囲で合金化することにより溶融亜鉛系めっき鋼板を製造する段階と、
上記製造された溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板を0.5~2.0%の圧下率の範囲で調質圧延を行う段階と、を含み、下記関係式4を満たす耐パウダリング性に優れた焼付硬化型合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法に関するものである。
[Nb]/((93/12)×[C])<0.55
[Mn]/((55/28)×[Si])>10
Powdering=[-14.2+0.0362×(GA)-0.970×(CGL SPM El.)]<3
但し、(GA)は溶融亜鉛めっきの合金化温度、(CGL SPM El.)は連続溶融亜鉛めっきラインの調質圧延伸び率である。
[TS]×[El.]×[Upper-BH]>500,000(MPa×%)
但し、[Upper-BH]は:2%pre-strain後、170℃で20分間焼付(baking)した時のUpper Yield Stress。
炭素は、侵入型固溶元素であって、鋼の強度向上に最も効果的かつ重要な元素である。極低炭素鋼において、冷延及び焼鈍過程で鋼板の内部に固溶し、調質圧延により形成された転位と相互作用(Locking)して焼付硬化能を発揮するため、基本的にC含量が高いほど焼付硬化能は向上する。しかし、多すぎる固溶炭素が材料内に存在すると、部品の成形時に表面にオレンジピール(Orange Peel)という欠陥を引き起こす時効不良を招く。本発明によれば、その含量が0.005%を超える場合、成形性の観点からも不利であり、常温耐時効性に大きく劣り、部品への適用に限界があるため、その範囲を0.0001~0.005%に限定する。好ましくは、C含量を0.0005~0.004%の範囲に管理する。
マンガンは固溶強化元素であって、強度上昇に寄与するだけでなく、鋼中のSをMnSとして析出させる役割をする。上記Mnの含量が0.1%未満の場合、MnSを効果的に析出させることができず、絞り性が低下する。一方、1.2%を超える場合、強度が増加してもMn含量が過剰に固溶し、この場合にもやはり絞り性が低下するという問題があるため、上記Mnの含量は0.1~1.2%に制限することが好ましい。好ましくは、Mnの含量を0.2~1.0%の範囲に管理する。
シリコンは固溶強化により鋼板の強度上昇に寄与するが、0.02%以上添加されると、表面欠陥を引き起こすという問題点がある。特に、後述する関係式2の[Mn]/[Si]の原子比が10を超える場合、表面品質に優れた溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板を製造することができる。
リンは極低炭素鋼において固溶強化の効果に最も優れており、絞り性を大きく損なうことなく、鋼の強度確保に効果的な元素である。特に、上記Pは、結晶粒界に容易に偏析して焼鈍時に結晶粒の成長を阻害し、結晶粒が微細化することにより常温耐時効性の向上に役立つ。しかし、上記Pの含量が0.01%未満の場合、目的とする強度の確保が不可能である。一方、0.04%を超える場合、表層部のP偏析により溶融亜鉛めっき後の表面にナイフ傷のような線状の欠陥を引き起こす。また、高いP含量は、溶融亜鉛めっきの合金化を遅らせるため、合金化温度を高くしなければならず、これによりめっき層に脆性的なFe-Zn金属間化合物(Γ)が増加してパウダリング性に劣るという問題点がある。好ましくは、Pの含量を0.015~0.04%の範囲に制御する。
硫黄は鋼中に不可避に含まれる不純物であって、できるだけその含量を低く管理することが好ましい。特に、鋼中の硫黄は赤熱脆性を発生させる可能性を高めるため、その含量を0.01%以下に管理する。
窒素は鋼中に不可避に含まれる不純物であって、できるだけその含量を低く管理することが重要であるが、このためには、鋼の精錬コストが急激に上昇するという問題があるため、操業条件が可能な範囲である0.01%以下に管理する。
酸可溶アルミニウムは粒度微細化及び脱酸のために添加される元素であって、その含量が0.01%未満の場合は、通常の安定した状態でアルミニウムキルド(Al-killed)鋼を製造することができない。一方、その含量が0.06%を超える場合、結晶粒微細化効果により強度上昇には有利であるものの、製鋼の連鋳操業時に介在物が過剰に形成され、めっき鋼板の表面不良が発生する可能性が高くなるだけでなく、製造コストの急激な上昇を招くという問題がある。したがって、本発明では、酸可溶アルミニウムの含量を0.01~0.06%に制御する。
ニオブは、熱間圧延中に鋼中の炭素と結合してNbCとして析出することで固溶炭素を減少させ、焼付硬化能及び耐時効性に影響を及ぼす。NbCとして析出する鋼中のC含量が増加するほど、固溶するC含量が低くなり、耐時効特性の観点からは有利であっても焼付硬化性は減少する。適切なレベルの固溶炭素の制御は、常温耐時効性を確保することを前提にして優れた焼付硬化性を得ることができ、このような固溶炭素を制御する重要な元素はニオブである。
ボロンは、P成分を多量に含有した極低炭素鋼において、粒界脆化による2次加工脆性を防止するために添加される元素である。通常、Bはその他の元素に比べて粒界偏析の傾向が高く、粒界へのP偏析をボロンの添加により抑制させることで、2次加工脆性を防止する役割をする。また、ボロンが上記発明の範囲で添加される場合、焼付(baking)時に転位との相互作用を増加させて焼付硬化性の確保が可能であり得る。但し、0.0035%を超える場合には、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板におけるめっき層の剥離が発生するおそれがあり、その含量を0.0005~0.0035%に制限することが好ましい。より好ましくは、B含量を0.0005~0.003%の範囲に管理する。
クロムは、鋼の硬化能を向上させ、高強度を確保するために添加される成分であり、マルテンサイトの形成に非常に重要な役割を果たす元素であるが、本発明の焼付硬化型鋼板の場合は、フェライト安定化元素として、P含量の制御による強度確保のために強度を上昇させる目的で添加する。本発明の範囲を超えて添加する場合、裸板耐食性の問題が生じる可能性があり、合金鉄コストが過度に増加し得るという問題があるため、本発明の範囲レベルで添加する。より好ましくは、Cr含量を0.02~0.08%の範囲に制御する。
モリブデンもクロムと同様に、鋼の硬化能を向上させる元素であり、0.005~0.05%程度の添加により高い硬化能効果が得られる元素である。本発明の焼付硬化型鋼板の場合は、フェライト安定化元素であり、本発明の範囲だけモリブデンを添加すると、圧延中にMo-P compoundを形成することによりP偏析帯を減少させ、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の表面品質を良好にすることができる。上記範囲以上に添加される場合、合金鉄コストを過度に増加させるため、本発明の範囲レベルで添加する。より好ましくは、Mo含量を0.01~0.04%の範囲に管理する。
本発明では、下記関係式1により定義される原子比は0.55未満に制御されることが要求される。もし、上記[Nb]と[C]の原子比が0.55以上の場合、NbCとして析出する量が増加し、固溶C含量が絶対的に不足するため、GA鋼板において要求される30MPa以上のUpper BH値の確保が難しくなる可能性がある。
[Nb]/((93/12)×[C])<0.55
[Mn]/((55/28)×[Si])>10
[TS]×[El.]×[Upper-BH]>500,000(MPa×%)
但し、[Upper-BH]は:2%pre-strain後、170℃で20分間焼付(baking)した時のUpper Yield Stress。
Powdering=[-14.2+0.0362×(GA)-0.970×(CGL SPM El.)]<3
但し、(GA)は溶融亜鉛めっきの合金化温度、(CGL SPM El.)は連続溶融亜鉛めっきラインの調質圧延伸び率である。
下記表1のような合金添加元素の化学成分を示す鋼スラブを設けた。次いで、上記鋼スラブを通常の焼付硬化型冷延鋼板を製造する工程を用いて焼付硬化型冷延鋼板を製造した。具体的に、鋼スラブの再加熱温度は約1100℃、熱間圧延仕上げ温度はAr3温度以上の900~940℃、続いて、30~50℃/secの冷却速度で熱延鋼板を冷却した後、580~620℃で巻き取った。続いて、塩酸を用いて熱延板を酸洗した後75~80%の冷間圧延率で冷間圧延して冷延鋼板を製造した。
Claims (3)
- 重量%で、炭素(C):0.0001~0.005%、マンガン(Mn):0.1~1.2%、シリコン(Si):0.02%以下(0%を除く)、リン(P):0.01~0.04%、硫黄(S):0.01%以下(0%を除く)、窒素(N):0.01%以下(0%を除く)、アルミニウム(sol.Al):0.01~0.06%、ニオブ(Nb):0.003~0.015%、ボロン(B):0.0005~0.0035%、クロム(Cr):0.01~0.1%、モリブデン(Mo):0.005~0.05%、チタン(Ti):0.003%以下(0%を除く)、残部Fe及び不可避不純物を含み、下記関係式1-2を満たし、その微細組織がフェライト単相であり、下記関係式3を満たす、耐パウダリング性に優れた焼付硬化型合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板。
[関係式1]
[Nb]/((93/12)×[C])<0.55
[関係式2]
[Mn]/((55/28)×[Si])>10
[関係式3]
[TS]×[El.]×[Upper-BH]>500,000(MPa×%)
但し、[Upper-BH]は:2%pre-strain後、170℃で20分間焼付(baking)した時のUpper Yield Stress。 - 重量%で、炭素(C):0.0001~0.005%、マンガン(Mn):0.1~1.2%、シリコン(Si):0.02%以下(0%を除く)、リン(P):0.01~0.04%、硫黄(S):0.01%以下(0%を除く)、窒素(N):0.01%以下(0%を除く)、アルミニウム(sol.Al):0.01~0.06%、ニオブ(Nb):0.003~0.015%、ボロン(B):0.0005~0.0035%、クロム(Cr):0.01~0.1%、モリブデン(Mo):0.005~0.05%、チタン(Ti):0.003%以下(0%を除く)、残部Fe及び不可避不純物を含み、下記関係式1-2を満たす鋼スラブを1000~1250℃の温度で再加熱する段階と、
前記再加熱された鋼スラブを900~1100℃の範囲の温度に熱間圧延する段階と、
前記熱間圧延された鋼板を500~700℃の範囲の温度まで平均冷却速度10~70℃/secで冷却した後、巻き取る段階と、
前記巻き取られた熱延鋼板を70~90%の圧下率で冷間圧延した後、740~850℃の温度範囲で連続焼鈍する段階と、
前記連続焼鈍された冷延鋼板を溶融亜鉛系めっき浴に浸漬した後、450~540℃の温度範囲で合金化することにより溶融亜鉛系めっき鋼板を製造する段階と、
前記製造された溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板を0.5~2.0%の圧下率の範囲で調質圧延を行う段階と、を含み、下記関係式4を満たす、耐パウダリング性に優れた焼付硬化型合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法。
[関係式1]
[Nb]/((93/12)×[C])<0.55
[関係式2]
[Mn]/((55/28)×[Si])>10
[関係式4]
Powdering=[-14.2+0.0362×(GA)-0.970×(CGL SPM El.)]<3
但し、(GA)は溶融亜鉛めっきの合金化温度、(CGL SPM El.)は連続溶融亜鉛めっきラインの調質圧延伸び率である。 - 前記調質圧延された溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板は、下記関係式3を満たすことを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の耐パウダリング性に優れた焼付硬化型合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法。
[関係式3]
[TS]×[El.]×[Upper-BH]>500,000(MPa×%)
但し、[Upper-BH]は:2%pre-strain後、170℃で20分間焼付(baking)した時のUpper Yield Stress。
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