JP2023525317A - 高温pem燃料電池スタックの熱調整のための方法及び装置 - Google Patents
高温pem燃料電池スタックの熱調整のための方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2023525317A JP2023525317A JP2022568489A JP2022568489A JP2023525317A JP 2023525317 A JP2023525317 A JP 2023525317A JP 2022568489 A JP2022568489 A JP 2022568489A JP 2022568489 A JP2022568489 A JP 2022568489A JP 2023525317 A JP2023525317 A JP 2023525317A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cell stack
- stack
- working fluid
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- MHCVCKDNQYMGEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-biphenyl;phenoxybenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 MHCVCKDNQYMGEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000553 6063 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005534 acoustic noise Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RVZRBWKZFJCCIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorotributylamine Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)N(C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F RVZRBWKZFJCCIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04059—Evaporative processes for the cooling of a fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04417—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04768—Pressure; Flow of the coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
配管回路は、本開示を逸脱することなく、図3に示される要素のいくつかを除去し得、又は、貯蔵タンク、アキュムレータ、安全弁及び他のプロセス配管構成要素等の追加の要素が付加され得る。
Claims (10)
- 燃料電池スタックであって、
バイポーラ板とMEAの繰り返し層と、端板の非繰り返し層とからなり、
1つ以上の板が前記スタックの少なくとも1つの面に接続され、かつ前記繰り返し層の縁と接触し、
前記1つ又は複数の板は、一定温度熱リザーバとして作動するように適合される燃料電池スタック。 - 前記板は、流体回路内を流れる作動流体を組み込む請求項1に記載の燃料電池スタック。
- 前記作動流体は、水、又は、水とプロピレングリコールとの混合物、水とエチレングリコールとの混合物、水とメタノールとの混合物、又は水とエタノールとの混合物である請求項2に記載の燃料電池スタック。
- 前記スタックの作動温度は120℃~260℃である請求項1に記載の燃料電池スタック。
- 前記流体回路内の圧力は、前記スタックの作動温度において前記作動流体の飽和蒸気温度に調整される請求項3に記載の燃料電池スタック。
- 前記混合物の蒸気重量率は、5パーセント~95パーセントに調整される請求項3に記載の燃料電池スタック。
- 液相及び気相の両方の存在を保証するために余剰流れが前記流体回路内に導入される請求項5に記載の燃料電池スタック。
- 前記一定温度熱リザーバ板と前記スタックの前記面との間に伝熱誘導層が配置される請求項1に記載の燃料電池スタック。
- 前記伝熱誘電層の少なくとも1つの面に潤滑剤が配置される請求項7に記載の燃料電池スタック。
- 前記少なくとも1つの伝熱誘導層の前記少なくとも1つの面に潤滑剤が配置される請求項1に記載の燃料電池スタック。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2020/034123 WO2021236093A1 (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | Method and apparatus for thermal regulation of a high temperature pem fuel cell stack |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2023525317A true JP2023525317A (ja) | 2023-06-15 |
Family
ID=71078614
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2022568489A Pending JP2023525317A (ja) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | 高温pem燃料電池スタックの熱調整のための方法及び装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230056393A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP4154338A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2023525317A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20230015366A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2021236093A1 (ja) |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0682182A (ja) * | 1992-09-02 | 1994-03-22 | Fujikura Ltd | ループ式ヒートパイプの作動流体循環流量の制御方法 |
DE10306081A1 (de) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-26 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Brennstoffzellenstack mit Bipolarplatten |
JP2004303536A (ja) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-28 | Toshiba Corp | 電子機器 |
JP2005526367A (ja) * | 2002-05-22 | 2005-09-02 | ゼネラル・モーターズ・コーポレーション | 燃料電池スタック用冷却システム |
JP2008004516A (ja) * | 2006-06-20 | 2008-01-10 | Samsung Sdi Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電システム |
US20080113229A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-15 | Min-Jung Oh | Fuel cell stack |
JP2009170112A (ja) * | 2008-01-10 | 2009-07-30 | Kawamura Electric Inc | 燃料電池 |
CN107994240A (zh) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-04 | 北京锦源创新科技有限公司 | 燃料电池 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6355368B1 (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2002-03-12 | Plug Power Inc. | Cooling method and apparatus for use with a fuel cell stack |
DE102007058082A1 (de) * | 2007-12-03 | 2009-06-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Kühlvorrichtung und Kühlverfahren zur Kühlung einer Brennstoffzelle |
-
2020
- 2020-05-22 JP JP2022568489A patent/JP2023525317A/ja active Pending
- 2020-05-22 EP EP20732038.3A patent/EP4154338A1/en active Pending
- 2020-05-22 KR KR1020227042933A patent/KR20230015366A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2020-05-22 WO PCT/US2020/034123 patent/WO2021236093A1/en unknown
-
2022
- 2022-10-20 US US18/048,274 patent/US20230056393A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0682182A (ja) * | 1992-09-02 | 1994-03-22 | Fujikura Ltd | ループ式ヒートパイプの作動流体循環流量の制御方法 |
JP2005526367A (ja) * | 2002-05-22 | 2005-09-02 | ゼネラル・モーターズ・コーポレーション | 燃料電池スタック用冷却システム |
DE10306081A1 (de) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-26 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Brennstoffzellenstack mit Bipolarplatten |
JP2004303536A (ja) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-28 | Toshiba Corp | 電子機器 |
JP2008004516A (ja) * | 2006-06-20 | 2008-01-10 | Samsung Sdi Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電システム |
US20080113229A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-15 | Min-Jung Oh | Fuel cell stack |
JP2009170112A (ja) * | 2008-01-10 | 2009-07-30 | Kawamura Electric Inc | 燃料電池 |
CN107994240A (zh) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-04 | 北京锦源创新科技有限公司 | 燃料电池 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20230015366A (ko) | 2023-01-31 |
EP4154338A1 (en) | 2023-03-29 |
US20230056393A1 (en) | 2023-02-23 |
WO2021236093A1 (en) | 2021-11-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Rashidi et al. | Progress and challenges on the thermal management of electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies: Fuel cells, electrolysers, and supercapacitors | |
JP4099171B2 (ja) | 燃料電池スタック用冷却システム | |
Zhang et al. | A critical review of cooling techniques in proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks | |
KR101108191B1 (ko) | 배터리 팩 | |
US20080087406A1 (en) | Cooling system and associated method for planar pulsating heat pipe | |
US20020185262A1 (en) | Single or dual buss thermal transfer system | |
JP2015211036A (ja) | 電解セルまたは燃料電池用のバイポーラプレート | |
EP2226880A1 (en) | A method for shutting down a back-up fuel cell electric generator comprising a compact manifold body | |
JP2008518396A (ja) | 燃料電池アセンブリ用のパッシブ型の二相冷却 | |
CN102195058A (zh) | 固体高分子形燃料电池 | |
KR20060067890A (ko) | 거의-등온의 고온 연료 전지 | |
CN111326765B (zh) | 一种高温醇燃料电池蒸发散热装置 | |
JP2023525317A (ja) | 高温pem燃料電池スタックの熱調整のための方法及び装置 | |
JP2009508308A (ja) | 燃料電池内の冷却剤の受動的再循環 | |
Janßen et al. | Stack concepts for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells | |
US11302932B2 (en) | Bipolar plate for low pressure feed electrode operation | |
JPH0935737A (ja) | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 | |
JPH07122280A (ja) | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 | |
KR20100132956A (ko) | 향상된 작동 효율을 가진 연료전지 발전기 | |
Amirhaeri et al. | Water-cooled fuel cell: Simulation and experiments | |
JP2019021545A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
Supra et al. | Cooling Methods for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Stacks | |
US20220311018A1 (en) | Bipolar plate for low pressure feed electrode operation | |
JP2019530410A (ja) | ジョンソン熱電気化学変換器 | |
GB2547967A (en) | Bipolar plate for low pressure feed electrode operation |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20221109 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20230925 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20230928 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20231226 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20240528 |