JP2023519810A - 気道圧の管理のための睡眠および呼吸行動の決定および/または予測のための方法および装置 - Google Patents
気道圧の管理のための睡眠および呼吸行動の決定および/または予測のための方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2020年2月26日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/981,541号の利益を主張し、米国仮特許出願第62/981,541号の内容全体が本明細書に組み込まれるものとする。
Zrs(ω)=Rrs(ω)+jXrs(ω) (2)
パラメータRrs(ω)およびXrs(ω)は、様々な呼吸器系特性を識別するために、様々な呼吸モデルを測定データに適合させることによって特徴付けることができる。例えば、一般的に使用されるモデルは、単一コンパートメントモデルであり、Rrs(ω)は、Xrs(ω)=ωlrs-Ers/ωであるように、周波数ωに対して一定であると仮定され得、式中、Ersおよびlrsは、呼吸器系のエラスタンスおよびイナータンスをそれぞれ表す、理想化された集中要素とすることができる。したがって、呼吸器系特性の例には、リアクタンス/エラスタンスおよびイナータンスも含まれる。
Zref,w(t)=[(Rref(t)*wR)2+(Xref(t)*wx)2]1/2 (2)
式中、Zref,w(t)は、例えば、約10秒などの監視期間にわたるベースライン加重インピーダンスであるが、約5秒、20秒、および60秒などの他の期間を使用することができる。より長い期間が使用されるとき、平均化は、ノイズを低減するために使用され得る。例えば、ベースライン測定値を決定するためにデータを収集するために使用される時間が約60秒である場合、平均化は、10秒の監視期間のためのベースライン読取値を得るために6回行われ得る。ベースライン加重インピーダンス値は、ユーザが最初に呼吸補助デバイス202を使用し始めた初期監視期間中に決定される。ユーザごとにベースライン読取値を決定する利点は、パーソナライゼーションの側面である。例えば、同じ身体サイズ(例えば、身長および体重)および同じ性別を有する2人の患者は、2つの異なる呼吸パターンを依然として有し得、したがって、異なるベースライン加重インピーダンス値を有する。
Zvar,w(t)=[(Rvar(t)*wR)2+(Xvar(t)*wx)2]1/2 (3)
式(3)は、同じ重みが適用されるという点で式(2)と似ているが、これは現在の期間のRvar(t)およびXvar(t)に対して行われる。重みwRおよびwXは、無呼吸の予測に対する呼吸シグネチャの決定において異なり得ることに留意されたい。
K1,2(t)=K1(t)*K2(t) (7a)
K1,2(t)=K1(t)/(K1(t)+K2(t))+K2(t)/(K1(t)+K2(t)) (7b)
あるいは、K1(t)とK2(t)のK1,2(t)への組合せは、別の技術を使用して行うことができる。呼吸指数K1,2(t)が呼吸不全の予測に使用され、呼吸指数K(t)が呼吸不全の検出に使用されるという点で、呼吸指数K1,2(t)は、呼吸指数K(t)とは異なる。行為510はまた、行為452において方法450について説明した技術を使用して、K1,2(t)ならびにKss(t)および/またはKsd(t)と1つ以上の閾値の組合せ比較を実行することを伴い、合格または不合格が決定され、次いで、次の行為を決定するために行為512において検討される。
explained_variance=1-Var(y-y_predicted)/Var(y) (8)
説明された変動は、数学的モデルが変動を説明する割合を測定する。図9Bの直線は、モデルの出力と真の値との間の相関を示すための最良適合線である。
Claims (15)
- ユーザに呼吸補助を提供する呼吸補助デバイスの動作を制御するためのコントローラであって、
前記ユーザの空気流の少なくとも1つの空気流パラメータを測定するためのセンサデータを受信するための入力部と、
少なくとも1つの機械学習モデルおよび少なくとも1つの分類器または予測器のためのソフトウェア命令およびパラメータを含むメモリユニットと、
前記センサデータを受信するために前記入力部に電子的に結合されたプロセッサであって、前記プロセッサが、測定を実行し、
前記ユーザが前記呼吸補助デバイスを使用している現在の監視期間中に、測定された空気圧データおよび/または測定された空気流データ、ならびに任意選択で、測定されたFOTデータを取得し、
特徴値を取得するために、前記測定されたデータに対して特徴抽出を行い、
前記ユーザの特性を決定するために、前記特徴値を、前記少なくとも1つの分類器または予測器によって使用される前記少なくとも1つの機械学習モデルに適用し、
前記ユーザの前記決定された特性に基づいて、前記制御信号を調整する
ことによって、前記現在の監視期間の間、前記呼吸補助デバイスを制御するための制御信号を生成するように構成されている、プロセッサと
を含むコントローラ。 - 前記プロセッサが、前記ユーザの現在の呼吸シグネチャを決定するために、呼吸シグネチャ機械学習モデルを前記特徴値に適用する呼吸シグネチャ分類器を実行するように構成されている、請求項1に記載のコントローラ。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記現在の呼吸シグネチャが、前記呼吸補助デバイスの正当なユーザの記憶された呼吸シグネチャと一致しないとき、前記呼吸補助デバイスの動作を停止するように構成されている、請求項2に記載のコントローラ。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記ユーザの睡眠段階分類指数を決定するために、睡眠段階機械学習モデルを前記特徴値に適用する睡眠段階分類器を実行するように構成されている、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のコントローラ。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記決定された睡眠段階分類指数に基づいて、前記呼吸補助デバイスの前記動作を調整するように構成されている、請求項4に記載のコントローラ。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記ユーザの予測睡眠障害重症度指数を決定するために、予測睡眠障害重症度機械学習モデルを前記特徴値に適用する予測睡眠障害重症度検出器を実行するように構成されている、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のコントローラ。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記予測睡眠障害重症度指数に基づいて、前記呼吸補助デバイスの前記動作を調整するように構成されている、請求項6に記載のコントローラ。
- ユーザに呼吸補助を提供するためのシステムであって、
少なくとも1つの圧力インパルスまたは連続的な圧力流量を含む空気流を生成する呼吸補助デバイスと、
使用中に前記ユーザに前記空気流を提供するために、前記呼吸補助デバイスに結合され、前記ユーザによって装着されるエントリ要素と、
請求項1から7のいずれか一項に従って定義される呼吸補助デバイスコントローラと
を含むシステム。 - 呼吸補助デバイスによってユーザに提供される空気流を調整するための方法であって、
前記ユーザの空気流の少なくとも1つの空気流パラメータを測定するためのセンサデータを受信することと、
プロセッサで、前記センサデータを受信し、前記プロセッサを使用して、測定を実行し、
前記ユーザが前記呼吸補助デバイスを使用している現在の監視期間中に、測定された空気圧データおよび/または測定された空気流データ、ならびに任意選択で、測定されたFOTデータのうちの少なくとも1つを取得し、
特徴値を取得するために、前記測定されたデータに対して特徴抽出を行い、
前記ユーザの特性を決定するために、前記特徴値を、分類器または予測器によって使用される機械学習モデルに適用し、
前記ユーザの前記決定された特性に基づいて、前記制御信号を調整する
ことによって、前記現在の監視期間の間、前記呼吸補助デバイスを制御するための制御信号を生成することと、
を含む方法。 - 前記方法が、前記ユーザの現在の呼吸シグネチャを決定するために、呼吸シグネチャ機械学習モデルを前記特徴値に適用する呼吸シグネチャ分類器を実行することを含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記現在の呼吸シグネチャが、前記呼吸補助デバイスの正当なユーザの記憶された呼吸シグネチャと一致しないとき、前記呼吸補助デバイスの動作を停止することを含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記ユーザの睡眠段階分類指数を決定するために、睡眠段階機械学習モデルを前記特徴値に適用する睡眠段階分類器を実行することを含む、請求項9~11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記決定された睡眠段階分類指数に基づいて、前記呼吸補助デバイスの前記動作を調整することを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記ユーザの予測睡眠障害重症度指数を決定するために、予測睡眠障害重症度機械学習モデルを前記特徴値に適用する予測睡眠障害重症度検出器を実行することを含む、請求項9~13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記予測睡眠障害重症度指数に基づいて、前記呼吸補助デバイスの前記動作を調整することを含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
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CN115052648B (zh) | 2024-09-20 |
EP4069343A1 (en) | 2022-10-12 |
CN115052648A (zh) | 2022-09-13 |
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BR112022017185A2 (pt) | 2022-10-18 |
WO2021168588A1 (en) | 2021-09-02 |
US11612708B2 (en) | 2023-03-28 |
US20220241530A1 (en) | 2022-08-04 |
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CA3171828C (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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