JP2023515674A - 空気又は水精製のためのカーボンナノチューブシート - Google Patents
空気又は水精製のためのカーボンナノチューブシート Download PDFInfo
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- JP2023515674A JP2023515674A JP2022552570A JP2022552570A JP2023515674A JP 2023515674 A JP2023515674 A JP 2023515674A JP 2022552570 A JP2022552570 A JP 2022552570A JP 2022552570 A JP2022552570 A JP 2022552570A JP 2023515674 A JP2023515674 A JP 2023515674A
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- nonwoven sheet
- filter
- woven
- carbon nanotubes
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Images
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2020年3月2日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/983,795号の優先権を主張し、その全内容は、参照により本明細書に明白に組み込まれる。
本発明は、DOE、Office of ARPA-Eにより与えられたDE-AR0001017の下で政府の支援を受けて為された。政府は、この発明に対して特定の権利を有する。
本開示は、一般に、液体又は気体媒体から汚染物質を除去するためのフィルターに関し、ここでフィルターは、複数の絡み合ったカーボンナノチューブの不織布又は織布シートを含む。本開示はまた、そのようなフィルターを作製する方法、及び該フィルターを使用して液体又は気体媒体から汚染物質を除去するための方法に関する。
かなりの数の液体及び気体流は、消費、使用、廃棄、又は他の必要性などの様々な理由で除去されなければならない有機及び/又は金属汚染物質を含む。汚染された液体流の非限定的な例は、都市の水供給、地下水流、及び製造プロセスから生じる廃水流から生じるものを含む。汚染された気体流は、有機汚染物質及び/又は金属汚染物質を、金属蒸気又は1つ以上の金属を含む化合物の蒸気の形態で含む場合がある。
特許文献1は、(i)表面積50~800m2/g、(ii)0.3~0.8μohm・mの電気抵抗率、(iii)1~100μmの長さ、及び(iv)0.335~0.7nmの黒煙プレートレット(platelet)間の距離を有するとして特徴付けられる黒鉛フィラメントと、水及び気体流からの有機及び金属成分の除去におけるその使用を開示しており、
特許文献2は、その上に堆積されたナノサイズの金属粒子を有するカーボンナノチューブを含む、空調装置用のフィルターを開示しており、
特許文献3は、グラフェン及びカーボンナノチューブから形成された材料と、気体及び
液体精製におけるフィルターとしてのその使用を開示しており、
特許文献4及び特許文献5は、濾過媒体におけるグラフェンの使用を開示しており、
特許文献6は、流体からの汚染物質の除去のための組み立てられたナノメッシュの形態のカーボンナノチューブの使用を開示しており、ここでカーボンナノチューブは、他のカーボンナノチューブ、繊維又は粒子に接続又は付着され、
特許文献7は、多孔質支持基材上に配置されたカーボンナノチューブフィルムと、フィルターとしてのその使用を開示しており、
特許文献8は、カーボンナノチューブ-触媒複合材料を含む、空気から有機汚染物質を除去するためのフィルターを開示しており、ここで触媒粒子は、数ナノメートルのサイズを有し、カーボンナノチューブに均一に結合しており、
特許文献9は、入口と出口との間に配置されたカーボンナノチューブとポートとを含むチャンバを有する気体フィルターを開示しており、該ポートは、ポートを介した同時のカーボンナノチューブへの気体進入及びカーボンナノチューブからの気体脱出のために構成されており、
特許文献10は、二酸化チタン/単層CNTで被覆された濾過膜を開示している。
本開示は、一般に、液体又は気体媒体から汚染物質を除去するためのフィルターを提供し、該フィルターは、以下の特性:(i)約2~20nm、又は約3~18nm、又は約4~15nm、又は約5~14nm、又は約6~12nm、又は約8~11nmの直径(ii)約1~10mm、又は約2~9nm、又は約3~8nm、又は約4~7nm、又は約5~6nmの長さ(iii)約0.7~1.9g/cm3、又は約0.75~1.8g/cm3、又は約0.8~1.7g/cm3、又は約1~1.6g/cm3、又は約1.1~1.5g/cm3の密度、(iv)少なくとも約250,000、又は少なくとも約350,000、又は少なくとも約500,000、又は少なくとも約600,000のアスペクト比(v)約1.8~7%、又は約2~6.5%又は約3~5%の破損歪み、(vi)及び約100~300m2/g、又は約125~275m2/g、又は約150~250m2/g又は約175~225m2/gの表面積、のうちの1つ以上を有するとして特徴付けられる、絡み合ったカーボンナノチューブの織布又は不織布シートを含み、織布又は不織布シートはさらに、電源から電気エネルギーを受容するための入力部を含む。いくつかのさらなる態様では、上記の特性に加えて、絡み合ったカーボンナノチューブはまた、約2~3.2GPa、若しくは約2.25~3GPa、若しくは約2.5~2.8GPaの引張強度、及び/又は約1800~2900kN・M/kg、若しくは約2000~2700kN・M/kg若しくは約2200~2600kN・M/kgの比強度を有することにより特徴付けられる場合がある。
む液体又は気体媒体を精製する方法を提供する。一態様では、液体又は気体媒体を精製する方法は、液体又は気体媒体を織布又は不織布シートと接触させることを含み、ここで織布又は不織布シートと接触する液体又は気体媒体中の少なくとも1つの汚染物質の濃度を低下させるのに十分な量で、カーボンナノチューブが織布又は不織布シート中に存在する。「少なくとも1つの汚染物質の濃度を低下させる」とは、本発明のフィルターで処理した後に、少なくとも1つの汚染物質を、未処理の液体又は気体媒体のレベルよりも低いレベル、例えば、特定の液体又は気体媒体の品質基準を規定する適切な規制機関又は産業要件により定義される最大汚染レベル未満に低下させることを意味する。
の金属、酸(例えば、HNO3、H3PO4、H2SO4、乳酸など)、塩基(例えば、NaOH、KOH、HSO-など)、ハロゲン(例えば、Cl2 -、Cl-など)、上記の酸及び塩基の塩、並びに多数の他の化学的化合物(小分子薬(典型的には1000未満のMW)及び化学剤(例えば、サリン、ソマン、VXマスタードガス、及びルイサイト)を含む)を含む場合があることが特に好ましい。従って、「汚染物質」には、揮発性有機化合物又はVOC、即ち、ASTM D 86-96により決定して、大気圧で216℃以下の沸点を有する化合物が含まれる。
性材料から作製される場合がある。
では、非磁性材料、例えば、導電又はその他である場合があり、それにより不織布シート16が分離材料19に強く接着することを防止する。
に平行に位置する場合があり、それによってナノ材料をベルト14上に堆積させる。一態様では、ベルト14は、ナノ材料をベルト14上に引き付けることができる磁気材料などの材料を含んで作製される場合がある。この材料は、ナノチューブが生成される触媒に応じて変化し得る。例えば、ナノ材料が鉄触媒の粒子を使用して生成される場合、磁気材料は強磁性材料である場合がある。
場合がある。その純度に関しては、実質的に純粋なカーボンナノチューブを有する不織布シートを製造することができるが、CVDプロセスから作製された、カーボンナノチューブ中に残留触媒を有する不織布シートも使用できることに留意するべきである。典型的には、そのような不織布シート中の残留触媒(即ち、金属触媒)は、約2原子パーセント未満であり得る。残留触媒を有する不織布シートの使用は、全体的な処理コストを低下させる場合がある。
チャンバ48内に配置されてもよい。従って、汚染された気体媒体は入口45に入り、その上に少なくとも1つの汚染物質が吸着される織布又は不織布シート51を通過した後、低下した濃度の少なくとも1つの汚染物質を有する気体媒体として出口47を退出する。
ー92は、吸着フィルター91の上流に配置されている。本態様では、微粒子フィルター92は吸着フィルター91に当接する。微粒子フィルター92は省略される場合があり、又は流路71に沿って別の位置に配置される場合がある。
Claims (5)
- 以下の特性:(i)約2~20nmの直径、(ii)約1~10mmの長さ、(iii)約0.7~1.9g/cm3の密度、(iv)少なくとも約250,000のアスペクト比、(v)約1.8~7%の破損歪み、及び(vi)約100~300m2/gの表面積、のうちの2つ以上を有するとして特徴付けられる、絡み合ったカーボンナノチューブの織布又は不織布シートを含む、液体又は気体媒体から汚染物質を除去するためのフィルターであって、織布又は不織布シートはさらに、電源からの電気エネルギーを受容するように構成された入力部を含む、フィルター。
- 液体又は気体媒体を請求項1に記載のフィルターと接触させることによって、1つ以上の汚染物質を含む液体又は気体媒体を精製する方法であって、不織布シートと接触する液体又は気体媒体中の少なくとも1つの汚染物質の濃度を低下させるのに十分な量で、カーボンナノチューブが不織布シート中に存在する、方法。
- 入口、出口、入口と出口の間に配置されたキャビティ、及び、キャビティ内に配置された以下の特性:(i)約2~20nmの直径、(ii)約1~10mmの長さ、(iii)約0.7~1.9g/cm3の密度、(iv)少なくとも約250,000のアスペクト比、(v)約1.8~7%の破損歪み、及び(vi)約100~300m2/gの表面積、のうちの2つ以上を有するとして特徴付けられる絡み合ったカーボンナノチューブの織布又は不織布シートを有するハウジングを含み、織布又は不織布シートはさらに、電源からの電気エネルギーを受容するように構成された入力部を含む、キャビン空気フィルター。
- 不織布シートが、襞状構成でキャビティ内に配置される、請求項3に記載のキャビン空気フィルター。
- さらに、キャビティ内に配置された微粒子フィルターを含む、請求項4に記載のキャビン空気フィルター。
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US8709374B2 (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2014-04-29 | Seldon Technologies, Llc | Methods for the production of aligned carbon nanotubes and nanostructured material containing the same |
US20160166959A1 (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-16 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Air filter for high-efficiency pm2.5 capture |
KR101673998B1 (ko) * | 2015-02-17 | 2016-11-09 | 주식회사 슈파인 | 휘발성 유기화합물 농축 및 제거 장치 |
JP2017051384A (ja) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-03-16 | 株式会社プロテクション | 空気清浄化フィルタ、空気清浄化フィルタの作製方法、空気清浄機及び掃除機 |
KR101888406B1 (ko) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-08-16 | 한국표준과학연구원 | 유해물질 제거장치, 유해물질 제거장치 제조방법, 및 유해물질 제거방법 |
KR101867522B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-06-15 | 금오공과대학교 산학협력단 | 탄소나노소재가 적용된 캐빈에어필터의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 탄소나노소재가 적용된 캐빈에어필터 |
US11279836B2 (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2022-03-22 | Nanocomp Technologies, Inc. | Intumescent nanostructured materials and methods of manufacturing same |
CN107138047A (zh) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-08 | 舒尔环保科技(合肥)有限公司 | 一种吸附分解型复合空气过滤膜及其制备方法 |
CN111601702B (zh) * | 2018-01-16 | 2022-03-22 | 琳得科美国股份有限公司 | 纳米纤维片材组装体 |
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