JP2023511501A - 新規の細胞内送達方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
RRSRTARAGRPGRNSSRPSAPR[配列番号1]
及び配列番号1と少なくとも60%の類似性を有する配列
を含む、単離された、天然に存在しない細胞膜透過性ペプチド(CPP)を提供する。
in vitroでの性能の増強に関与する細胞膜透過性ペプチド(CPP)の特徴、例えば、連続する正荷電アミノ酸を有する電荷密度の高いカチオン性ペプチドを含む線形CPPは、多くの場合、in vivoでの結果につながらない。CPPの有効性は、毒性と密接に関連し、良好なin vitro及びin vivoの両方のCPPに対し、有効性及び毒性間の最適のバランスが必要とされる。克服すべき重要なハードルの1つは、エンドソーム及びリソソーム内にCPPカーゴ部分をトラップすることである。ここで、本発明者らは、機能的な読み出しを行うためにCPPカーゴの核への局在化を必要とするアッセイを提示し、従って、効果的な場合、エンドソーム/リソソームの脱出及び/または核送達を示す。アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドを含むアミノ酸配列などの細胞の核へのカーゴの良好な送達をもたらすCPPを、本発明者らは同定している。
RRSRTARAGRPGRNSSRPSAPR[配列番号1]
及び配列番号1と少なくとも60%の類似性を有する配列
を含む、単離された、天然に存在しない細胞膜透過性ペプチド(CPP)が提供される。
CPPは、非カノニカルアミノ酸、脂肪酸、検出可能な標識、ポリヌクレオチド、コレステロール、及び反応性基を使用することにより改変されてもよい。そのような修飾ペプチドは、ペプチドの侵入の検出の促進、細胞内での局在化、細胞への侵入の増強、及び/またはin vitroもしくはin vivoでのペプチド分解の低減などの、CPPに追加の機能を付与してもよい。
いくつかの例では、CPPは、非カノニカルアミノ酸を含む改変ペプチドである。好適な非カノニカルアミノ酸には、α-アミノ-n-酪酸、ノルバリン、ノルロイシン、アロイソロイシン、t-ロイシン、オルニチン、アロトレオニン、β-アラニン、β-アミノ-n-酪酸、n-イソプロピルグリシン、イソセリン、サルコシン、6-アミノヘキサン酸、ガンマ-アミノ酪酸、及び5-アミノ吉草酸が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
他の例では、改変CPPは、反応性基を含んでもよい。好適な反応性基には、アジド基、アミン反応性基、チオール反応性基、及びカルボニル反応性基が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。いくつかの例では、反応性基は、化学タグの一部である。好適な化学タグには、SNAPタグ、CLIPタグ、HaloTag、またはTMPタグが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。一例では、化学タグは、SNAPタグまたはCLIPタグである。SNAP及びCLIP融合タンパク質は、例えばCorrea2015(Methods Mol Biol、1266:55-79)に記載されるように、目的のタンパク質またはペプチドへの事実上いかなる分子の特異的な共有結合も可能にする。別の例では、化学タグは、HaloTagである。HaloTagには、溶液中、生細胞内、または化学的に固定された細胞内で、種々の分子を共有結合させることが可能なモジュラータンパク質タグシステムを含む。別の例では、化学タグは、TMPタグである。TMPタグは、細胞表面ではなく、細胞内のタンパク質を高い選択性で標識することができる。
いくつかの例では、改変CPPは、脂肪酸を含んでもよい。改変ペプチドに好適な脂肪酸には、パルミチン酸、ミリスチン酸、カプリル酸、ラウリン酸、n-オクタン酸、及びn-デカン酸が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
他の例では、改変CPPは、コレステロールを含んでもよい。
いくつかの例では、改変CPPは、オリゴヌクレオチドを含んでもよい。そのような場合では、オリゴヌクレオチドは、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、siRNA、マイクロRNA、RNAi、一本鎖DNAもしくはRNAオリゴヌクレオチド、二本鎖DNAオリゴヌクレオチド、mRNA、またはプラスミドであってよい。
いくつかの例では、改変CPPは、検出可能な標識を含んでもよい。「検出可能な標識」という用語は、光学的、蛍光的、同位体イメージングにより、または質量分析手法により、または単純な酵素アッセイを実施することにより、検出することができる任意のタイプの分子を指す。当該技術分野で既知の任意の検出可能な標識が使用されてもよい。いくつかの例では、検出可能な標識は、レポータータンパク質、フルオロフォア、蛍光基質、発光基質、及びビオチンの中から選択される。
CPPは、細胞への目的の分子の送達を増加させるために、目的の分子(すなわち、「カーゴ」)にコンジュゲートされてもよい。目的の分子は、治療薬、オリゴヌクレオチド、さらなるペプチドもしくはタンパク質、反応性基、脂肪酸、コレステロール、または検出可能な標識を含む。コンジュゲーションは、共有結合または非共有結合性相互作用を介するものであってよい。例えば、CPPは、「ペプチドリンカー」を介してオリゴヌクレオチドにコンジュゲートされてもよい。部分は、特定の細胞内標的に作用するように、または輸送を特定の細胞内区画に向けるように設計されてもよい。
いくつかの例では、目的のコンジュゲート分子は、治療薬、好ましくは、小分子化合物(一般にサイズが約900ダルトン未満)であってよい。いくつかの例では、小分子治療薬は、化学療法剤、細胞傷害性分子、または細胞増殖抑制性分子である。
いくつかの例では、目的のコンジュゲート分子は、オリゴヌクレオチドであってよい。オリゴヌクレオチドは、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、siRNA、マイクロRNA、RNAi、一本鎖DNAもしくはRNAオリゴヌクレオチド、二本鎖DNAオリゴヌクレオチド、mRNA、またはプラスミドであってよい。オリゴヌクレオチドは、モルフォリノオリゴヌクレオチド(PMO)、ペプチド核酸(PNA)、ロックされた核酸(LNA)、及び2’-O-メチルオリゴヌクレオチドを含んでもよい。オリゴヌクレオチドは、(i)改変骨格構造、例えば、天然に存在するオリゴヌクレオチド及びポリヌクレオチドに見られる標準的なホスホジエステル結合以外の骨格、ならびに/または、(ii)改変糖部分、例えば、リボースまたはデオキシリボース部分ではなくモルフォリノ部分、を有してもよい。
いくつかの例では、目的のコンジュゲート分子は、タンパク質またはペプチドであってよい。タンパク質またはペプチドは、アポトーシス促進ペプチド、標的タンパク質、細胞傷害性タンパク質、酵素タンパク質、レポータータンパク質、ペプチドベースのタンパク質-タンパク質相互作用阻害剤、タンパク質分解標的キメラ(PROTAC)ペプチド、及びドミナントネガティブペプチドであってよい。
いくつかの例では、目的のコンジュゲート分子は、反応性基であってよい。好適な反応性基には、アジド基、アミン反応性基、チオール反応性基、及びカルボニル反応性基が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。いくつかの例では、反応性基は、化学タグの一部である。好適な化学タグには、SNAPタグ、CLIPタグ、HaloTag、またはTMPタグが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。一例では、化学タグは、SNAPタグまたはCLIPタグである。SNAP及びCLIP融合タンパク質は、例えばCorrea2015(Methods Mol Biol、1266:55-79)に記載されるように、目的のタンパク質またはペプチドへの事実上いかなる分子の特異的な共有結合も可能にする。別の例では、化学タグは、HaloTagである。HaloTagには、溶液中、生細胞内、または化学的に固定された細胞内で、種々の分子を共有結合させることが可能なモジュラータンパク質タグシステムを含む。別の例では、化学タグは、TMPタグである。TMPタグは、細胞表面ではなく、細胞内のタンパク質を高い選択性で標識することができる。
いくつかの例では、目的のコンジュゲート分子は、脂肪酸であってよい。改変ペプチドに好適な脂肪酸には、パルミチン酸、ミリスチン酸、カプリル酸、ラウリン酸、n-オクタン酸、及びn-デカン酸が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
いくつかの例では、目的のコンジュゲート分子は、コレステロールであってよい。
いくつかの例では、目的のコンジュゲート分子は、検出可能な標識である。検出可能な標識は、光学、蛍光、同位体イメージングにより、または質量分析手法により、または単純な酵素アッセイを実行することにより、検出することができる任意のタイプの分子であってよい。当該技術分野で既知の任意の検出可能な標識が使用されてもよい。いくつかの例では、検出可能な標識は、レポータータンパク質、フルオロフォア、蛍光基質、発光基質、及びビオチンの中から選択される。
本開示の任意のCPPは、当業者に既知の化学的方法を使用して合成されてもよい。例えば、合成ペプチドは、固相、液相、もしくはペプチド濃縮の既知の手法、またはそれらの任意の組み合わせを使用して調製され、天然及び/または非天然アミノ酸を含み得る。
また、CPP、または本明細書に記載の目的の分子にコンジュゲートされたCPPのいずれかを含む改変細胞が本明細書に記載される。
本開示は、CPP、目的の分子にコンジュゲートされたCPP、または薬剤もしくは診断薬として使用される改変細胞のいずれか1つも提供する。本開示は、CPP、目的の分子にコンジュゲートされたCPP、または薬剤もしくは診断薬の製造に使用される改変細胞のいずれか1つも提供する。
本開示は、本発明のCPP及び使用説明書を含むキットも提供する。
「カノニカルアミノ酸」という用語は、普遍的な遺伝コードのコドンに直接コードされたアミノ酸を指す。カノニカルアミノ酸は、アラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グルタミン酸、グルタミン、グリシン、ヒスチジン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、リジン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、スレオニン、トリプトファン、チロシン、及びバリンである。
本明細書に記載の発明が、具体的に記載されるもの以外の変形及び修正を受けやすいことを、当業者らは理解するであろう。本発明は、そのような全ての変形及び修正を含む。本発明は、本明細書で、個別または集合的に言及または示される全てのステップ、特徴、製剤、及び化合物、ならびに、ステップまたは特徴のうちのありとあらゆる組み合わせまたはそれらのうちの任意の2つ以上も含む。
潜在的なCPPペプチドは、歪促進(SPAAC)クリックケミストリー(Agard et al 2004,Dommerholt et al.2016)を使用して、SMN1遺伝子のエクソン7を標的とするホスホロジアミダートオリゴヌクレオチド(PMO)に結合された(Flynn et al 2018)。ペプチド-PMOコンジュゲートを、完全培地のARPE-19細胞上で2日間インキュベートした。内在化の有効性を、RNA抽出によるSMN1遺伝子RNA転写産物のエクソン7スキップの程度で測定した。%d7の転写産物がPMO処置単独よりも高いペプチド-PMOは、CPPと見なされた。
生存運動ニューロン(SMN1)遺伝子は、遍在的に発現され、スプライセオソームの集合及びリボ核タンパク質の生合成において重要な役割を果たす。SMN1遺伝子のスプライシング調節が解明されている(Singh et al 2012)。エクソン7がスキップされるSMN1のスプライスバリアントは、D7-SMN1と呼ばれるより短いSMNタンパク質をもたらす既知のアイソフォームである。細胞膜透過性ペプチド送達ホスホロジアミダートモルフォリノオリゴマー(PMO)を使用するエクソンスキップは、CPPの有効性をテストするための実行可能な経路として確立されている(Wu et al.2007)。
哺乳動物の組織培養
ATCC(ATCC(登録商標)CRL-2302)からARPE-19細胞を得た。5%のCO2を含む37℃の加湿インキュベーターで、細胞株を維持し、完全培地(DMEM/F12 1:1、10%のFCS;10mMのHEPES、1xのGlutaMAX(商標)、Pen/Strep 100u/ml;Gibco、Thermo Fisher Scientific、米国マサチューセッツ州ウォルサム)で培養した。
標準のFmoc SPPSベースの方法(Pepscan GmbH、蘭国レリスタット、及びMimotopes、オーストラリアビクトリア州モルグレイブ)を使用して、CPPを合成した。全ての配列は、PMOへのカップリングを可能するC末端アジドリジン残基を含有していた。全てのN末端をアセチル化し、C末端をアミド化した。
公開されたプロトコール(Mann et al 2002,Gene Med,4,644-654)に従って、エクソンスキップアッセイ及びPCR検出を実施した。
細胞を96ウェルプレート(ARPE-19、4×103細胞/ウェル)の完全培地(DMEM/F12 1:1、10%のFCS;10mMのHEPES、1×GlutaMAX(商標)、Pen/Strep 100u/ml;Gibco、Thermo Fisher Scientific、米国マサチューセッツ州ウォルサム)に播種した。細胞を一晩(37℃、5%のCO2)インキュベートして、細胞を接着させた。アッセイ当日に、培地を吸引し、様々な濃度(32、16、8、4、2、及び1uM)の処置培地(DMEM/F12 1:1、10%のFCS;10mMのHEPES、1×GlutaMAX(商標)、Pen/Strep 100u/ml;Gibco、Thermo Fisher Scientific、米国マサチューセッツ州ウォルサム)で希釈されたCPP-PMOまたはPMOのみで置換し、続いて、24時間インキュベーションした(37℃、5%のCO2)。翌日、新鮮な培地1:1を添加し、細胞をさらに24時間インキュベーターに戻した。
図1及び表1では、4uM、2uM、及び1uMで、SMN1 PMOにコンジュゲートされた配列番号1のCPPは、SMN1 PMO単独よりも多くの切断型D7-SMN1転写産物を生じる。誘導されたSMN1エクソンスキップの有効性は、適用されたペプチド-PMOコンジュゲートの用量反応曲線に従う。ペプチド-PMOコンジュゲートは、SMN1エクソンスキップの誘導において、SMN1 PMOのみの処置よりも効率的である(2uMで1.2倍)。従って、配列番号1に記載のペプチドは、効果的な細胞膜透過性及び核送達剤である。
実施例1に記載のin vitro SMN1有効性アッセイは、マウス体内におけるSmn遺伝子の遍在的分布を考えると、in vivo環境に等しく適用可能であり、Smnは、ヒトSMN1のマウスオルソログである。体内に膨大な数のプロテアーゼが存在するため、in vivo環境では、天然のL-ペプチドの使用は望ましくない。ペプチドの細胞膜透過性能を適切に評価するために、全ての塩基性残基がD-アミノ酸である混合L/Dアミノ酸含有ペプチド、または、完全Dアミノ酸含有ペプチドのいずれかとしてペプチドを合成した。動物への全身投与中のタンパク質分解からペプチドを保護するために、両方のアプローチが確立されている。
RXRRBRRXRYQFLIRXRBRXRB[配列番号3]
Arg Ahx Arg Arg ベータ-Ala Arg Arg Ahx Arg Tyr Gln Phe Leu Ile Arg Ahx Arg ベータ-Ala Arg Ahx Arg ベータ-Ala
(式中、X=Ahx=アミノヘキサン酸;B=ベータ-アラニン=ベータ-アラニン)
を含有する。
ペプチド及びPMOの合成ならびにペプチド-PMOコンジュゲーション
標準のFmoc SPPSベースの方法(Pepscan GmbH、蘭国レリスタット、及びMimotopes、オーストラリアビクトリア州モルグレイブ)を使用して、CPPを合成した。全ての配列は、PMOへのカップリングを可能するC末端アジドリジン残基を含有していた。全てのN末端をアセチル化し、C末端をアミド化した。
公開されたプロトコール(Mann et al 2002,Gene Med,4,644-654)に従って、エクソンスキップアッセイ及びRT-PCR検出を実施した。
上記のin vivoSmn有効性アッセイの一部として得られたcDNAの増幅を介して、GFAP mRNAの発現を定量した。BioRad液滴生成装置及びリーダー(QX200 DG8)及びサーモサイクラー(T100)、マウスGfap(dMmuCPE5116126)の特定のプローブ及びハウスキーピング遺伝子Gapdh、Eef1a1及びRpl27(dMmuCPE5195283、dMmuCPE5101732、及びdMmuCPE5197083)、ならびに、ddPCRプローブに対するマスターミックス(#1863024)及びBioRad製の他のddPCR専用消耗品(#1863005、12001925、1863004、1864007)を使用して、ddPCRを実施した。
図3及び4ならびに表3及び4では、Smn PMOにコンジュゲートされた配列番号1のCPPは、Smn PMO単独よりも多くの短縮型D7-Smn転写産物を作成する。ペプチド-PMOコンジュゲートは、Smn PMOのみの処置、または競合物質のCPP Pip6aよりもSmnエクソンスキップを誘導するのにより効率的である(Betts et.al.2012)。従って、配列番号1に記載のペプチドは、効果的なin vivo細胞膜透過性及び核送達剤である。
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Claims (10)
- アミノ酸配列:
RRSRTARAGRPGRNSSRPSAPR[配列番号1]
及び配列番号1と少なくとも60%の類似性を有する配列
を含む、単離された、天然に存在しない細胞膜透過性ペプチド(CPP)。 - アミノ酸レベルで、配列番号1と少なくとも65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%、または98%の類似性を有する、請求項1に記載のCPP。
- 以下の非カノニカルアミノ酸、脂肪酸、検出可能な標識、オリゴヌクレオチド、コレステロール、及び反応性基の使用のうちの1つ以上で修飾される、請求項1に記載のCPP。
- 目的の分子にコンジュゲートされる、請求項1に記載のCPP。
- 前記目的の分子が、以下の治療薬、オリゴヌクレオチド、さらなるペプチドもしくはタンパク質、反応性基、脂肪酸、コレステロール、または検出可能な標識から選択される、請求項4に記載のCPP。
- 前記コンジュゲーションが、共有結合または非共有結合性相互作用を使用して実施される、請求項4に記載のCPP。
- 請求項1に記載のCPPまたは請求項4に記載の目的の分子にコンジュゲートされたCPPを含む、改変細胞。
- 薬剤または診断薬の製造における、請求項1に記載のCPP、請求項4に記載の目的の分子にコンジュゲートされたCPP、または請求項7に記載の改変細胞の使用。
- 薬剤または診断薬としての、請求項1に記載のCPP、請求項4に記載の目的の分子にコンジュゲートされたCPP、または請求項7に記載の改変細胞の使用。
- (i)請求項1に記載のCPP、請求項4に記載の目的の分子にコンジュゲートされたCPP、または請求項7に記載の改変細胞、及び、(ii)使用説明書、を含む、キット。
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CN115190884A (zh) | 2022-10-14 |
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AU2020406670A1 (en) | 2022-07-14 |
KR20220117914A (ko) | 2022-08-24 |
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CA3161901A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
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