JP2023510429A - 抗ガレクチン-9抗体およびその使用 - Google Patents
抗ガレクチン-9抗体およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2020年1月7日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/957,910号に基づく優先権を主張し、その全内容は、全ての配列および図面を含んで、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
ガレクチン-9(またはGal9)は、脊椎動物において少なくとも15種のメンバーを有するガレクチン(またはS型レクチン)タンパク質ファミリーのメンバーであり、ヒトでは10種を含む。ガレクチン-9は、リーダーペプチドを有していない可溶性の34~39kDaのタンパク質ではあるものの、非古典的機構を介して分泌される。ガレクチン-9は、糖タンパク質および糖脂質のベータ-ガラクトシド残基と優先的に相互作用する。ヒトにおいて、ガレクチン-9は、長型、中型、および短型の3つのアイソフォームが存在する。
本明細書中に記載される発明は、ガレクチン-9に対して向けられるヒト化抗体、およびその、制御性Tリンパ球(Treg)の抑制因子活性に関連する疾患の処置のための使用に関する。
1.概要
免疫チェックポイントを標的とするモノクローナル抗体が、広範な腫瘍型における臨床的成功を実証してきたが、持続的応答は、処置に対する一次耐性または二次耐性に起因して、一部の患者においてしか観察されない。
用語「抗体」は、最も広い意味で、モノクローナル抗体、ポリクローナル抗体、および多重特異性抗体(例えば二重特異性抗体)を含むがこれらに限定されない種々の抗体構造を包含する。また、用語「抗体」は、重鎖の相補性決定領域(CDR)1、CDR2、およびCDR3、ならびに軽鎖のCDR1、CDR2、およびCDR3を含む分子であって、抗原に結合することができる分子を広く指し得る。また、用語「抗体」は、キメラ抗体、ヒト化抗体、ヒト抗体、およびマウス、ヒト、カニクイザルその他の種々の種の抗体を含むが、これらに限定されない。
本明細書中に記載される発明は、ヒトおよび他の非ヒト哺乳動物を処置する方法に用いられるGal9アンタゴニスト(抗Gal9抗体等)を提供する。
種々の実施形態において、Gal9アンタゴニスト(例えばGal9 Ab)は、皮下投与または静脈内投与され得る。簡潔にするために、本明細書での「Gal9アンタゴニスト」は、狭義には、本発明のGal1抗体、例えば本発明のヒト化Gal9抗体を指す。
本発明のGal9アンタゴニスト(あらゆる抗体およびその機能的断片を含む)は、他の生物学的に活性な物質、または疾患を処置するための他の処置手順と組み合わせて、本発明のGal9アンタゴニストを必要とする対象に投与され得る。例えば、Gal9アンタゴニストは、単独で、または他の処置様式と共に投与され得る。Gal9アンタゴニストは、放射線療法等の他の処置様式の前に、これと実質的に同時期に、またはこの後に提供され得る。
一部の実施形態において、Gal9アンタゴニストは、Gal9抗体である。一部の実施形態において、癌を処置するためのGal9アンタゴニストは、Gal9とそのリガンドとの相互作用を阻害する可溶性Gal9またはその一部(例えばECD)等の非抗体タンパク質であり得、必要に応じて、融合パートナーをさらに含んで、融合分子の形態である。アンタゴニストは、他の実施形態において、小分子であっても小ペプチドであってもよい。
一部の実施形態において、Gal9およびそのリガンドの結合をブロックする抗体が提供される。一部の実施形態において、Gal9媒介性シグナル伝達を阻害する抗体が提供される。そのような一部の実施形態において、抗体はGal9抗体である。一部の実施形態において、Gal9抗体は、Gal9の、そのリガンドへの結合を阻害する。一部の実施形態において、Gal9抗体は、Gal9媒介性シグナル伝達を阻害する。
一部の実施形態において、Gal9抗体はヒト化抗体である。ヒト化抗体は治療分子として有用である。なぜなら、ヒト化抗体は、抗体治療薬に対する免疫応答、および治療薬の有効性の低下をもたらし得る非ヒト抗体に対するヒト免疫応答(ヒト抗マウス抗体(HAMA)応答等)を低減するか、または排除するからである。
一部の実施形態において、Gal9抗体はヒト抗体である。ヒト抗体は、適切なあらゆる方法によって作製することができる。非限定的な例示的な方法は、ヒト免疫グロブリン遺伝子座を含むトランスジェニックマウスにおいてヒト抗体を作製することを含む。例えば、Jakobovitsら、Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 90:2551-55(1993);Jakobovitsら、Nature 362:255-8(1993);onbergら、Nature 368:856-9(1994);ならびに米国特許第5,545,807号;米国特許第6,713,610号;米国特許第6,673,986号;米国特許第6,162,963号;米国特許第5,545,807号;米国特許第6,300,129号;米国特許第6,255,458号;米国特許第5,877,397号;米国特許第5,874,299号;および米国特許第5,545,806号参照。
一部の実施形態において、本明細書中に記載されるヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体、またはヒト抗体は、1つまたはそれを超えるヒト定常領域を含む。一部の実施形態において、ヒト重鎖定常領域は、IgA、IgG、およびIgDから選択されるアイソタイプのものである。一部の実施形態において、ヒト軽鎖定常領域は、Kおよびλから選択されるアイソタイプのものである。一部の実施形態において、本明細書中に記載される抗体は、ヒトIgG定常領域、例えばヒトIgG1、IgG2、IgG3、またはIgG4を含む。一部の実施形態において、抗体またはFc融合パートナーは、例えば、IgG1定常領域内にC237S変異を含む。一部の実施形態において、本明細書中に記載される抗体は、ヒトIgG2重鎖定常領域を含む。そのような一部の実施形態において、IgG2定常領域は、米国特許第6,900,292号に記載されるP331S変異を含む。一部の実施形態において、本明細書中に記載される抗体は、ヒトIgG4重鎖定常領域を含む。そのような一部の実施形態において、本明細書中に記載される抗体は、ヒトIgG4定常領域内にS241P変異を含む。例えば、Angalら、Mol.Immunol.30(1):105-108(1993)参照。一部の実施形態において、本明細書中に記載される抗体は、ヒトIgG4定常領域およびヒトκ軽鎖を含む。
また、本発明は、Gal9抗体等の本明細書中に記載される抗体の1つまたはそれを超える鎖をコードするポリヌクレオチドを含む核酸分子を提供する。一部の実施形態において、核酸分子は、本明細書中に記載される抗体の重鎖または軽鎖をコードするポリヌクレオチドを含む。一部の実施形態において、核酸分子は、本明細書中に記載される抗体の重鎖をコードするポリヌクレオチドおよび軽鎖をコードするポリヌクレオチドの双方を含む。一部の実施形態において、第1の核酸分子が、重鎖をコードする第1のポリヌクレオチドを含み、第2の核酸分子が、軽鎖をコードする第2のポリヌクレオチドを含む。
本明細書中に記載される抗体の重鎖および/または軽鎖をコードするポリヌクレオチドを含むベクターが提供される。そのようなベクターとして、以下に限定されないが、DNAベクター、ファージベクター、ウイルスベクター、レトロウイルスベクターその他を含む。一部の実施形態において、ベクターは、重鎖をコードする第1のポリヌクレオチド配列および軽鎖をコードする第2のポリヌクレオチド配列を含む。一部の実施形態において、重鎖および軽鎖は、ベクターから2つの別個のポリペプチドとして発現される。一部の実施形態において、重鎖および軽鎖は、例えば抗体がscFvである場合、単一のポリペプチドの一部として発現される。
種々の実施形態において、本明細書中に記載される抗体の重鎖および/または軽鎖は、原核細胞、例えば細菌細胞;または真核細胞、例えば真菌細胞(酵母等)、植物細胞、昆虫細胞、および哺乳動物細胞において発現され得る。そのような発現は、例えば、当該技術において知られている手順に従って実行され得る。ポリペプチドを発現させるのに用いられ得る例示的な真核細胞として、COS細胞(COS7細胞を含む);293細胞(293-6E細胞を含む);CHO細胞(CHO-SおよびDG44細胞を含む);PER.C6(登録商標)細胞(Crucell);およびNSO細胞を含むが、これらに限定されない。一部の実施形態において、本明細書中に記載される抗体の重鎖および/または軽鎖は、酵母内で発現され得る。例えば、米国特許出願公開第2006/0270045A1号参照。一部の実施形態において、Gal9抗体の重鎖および/または軽鎖に、所望される翻訳後修飾を行う能力に基づいて、特定の真核宿主細胞が選択される。例えば、一部の実施形態において、CHO細胞は、293細胞内で産生される同じポリペプチドよりも高いレベルのシアリル化を有するポリペプチドを産生する。
この実施例は、本発明の種々の抗ヒトGal9ヒト化抗体が、ヒトGal9およびマウスGal9の双方に対して高い結合親和性を有することを実証する。
この実験は、本発明のヒト化抗体が組換えヒトGal9に対して非常に高い(サブナノモルの)親和性を示し、組換えマウスGal9およびサルGal9と交差反応することを実証する(データは示さず)。試験した各ヒト化抗体のEC50値を、各抗体の濃度を上げながら測定して、結果を、組換えヒトGal9への結合については図3の表に、組換えマウスGal9への結合については図4の表にまとめた。
この実験は、本発明の抗Gal9抗体が、その受容体TIM3およびCD44へのGal9結合をブロックするので、Gal9からの下流シグナル伝達をアンタゴナイズすることができることを実証する。
YANGら(INFLAMMATION 40(3):1062-1071,2017)は、ガレクチン-9の上昇が、Th1エフェクタ機能を抑制して、変形性関節症において活性化CD4+T細胞のアポトーシスを誘導することを報告した。この実験は、本発明の抗Gal9抗体が、Gal9誘導性Th1アポトーシスを中和することを実証する。
上述のように、ガレクチン-9は、Tregによって直接発現され、この活性化は、Gal9の発現の増大に関連する。この実験は、本発明の抗Gal9抗体によるガレクチン-9の阻害が、Treg増殖を抑制することを実証する。
この実験は、本発明の抗Gal9モノクローナル抗体および抗PD-1抗体が、異種移植(xenograph)マウスモデルにおいて腫瘍成長をインビボ阻害するのに相乗効果を有することを実証する。
主題のヒト化抗Gal9抗体が貯蔵中に安定していることで、治療薬としての更なる開発に適していることを確認するために、選択されたヒト化抗体について種々の開発可能性アッセイを行った。
患者の血漿および血清中のGal-9のレベルを判定するために、AML患者由来の末梢血サンプルを、Institutional Review Boardが承認したプロトコルに従って、Gustave Roussy Institute(Villejuif,FRANCE)のClinical Hematology Departmentから得た。ヘルシンキ宣言に従って、全ての患者からインフォームドコンセントを得た。French-American-British(Fab)分類基準に従って、患者を層別化した。AML患者由来の末梢血由来の血漿または血清を、標準的な手順に従って調製した。健康なドナーについては、血漿サンプルまたは血清サンプルを商業的な供給源から得た。
本発明は、例えば以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片であって、前記モノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片は、ガレクチン-9に特異的であり、前記モノクローナル抗体は:
(1a)配列番号2のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号4のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号6のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(1b)配列番号10のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号12のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号14のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(2a)配列番号18のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号20のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号22のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(2b)配列番号26のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号28のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号30のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(3a)配列番号34のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号36のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号38のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(3b)配列番号42のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号44のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号46のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(4a)配列番号50のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号52のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号54のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(4b)配列番号58のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号60のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号62のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(5a)配列番号66のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号68のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号70のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(5b)配列番号74のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号76のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号78のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(6a)配列番号82のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号84のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号86のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(6b)配列番号90のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号92のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号94のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(7a)配列番号98のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号100のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号102のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(7b)配列番号106のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号108のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号110のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(8a)配列番号114のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号116のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号118のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(8b)配列番号122のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号124のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号128のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR)
を含む、単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目2)
(1c)(1a)および(1b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号5のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号1のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(2c)(2a)および(2b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号21のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号17のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(3c)(3a)および(3b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号37のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号33のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(4c)(4a)および(4b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号53のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号49のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(5c)(5a)および(5b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号69のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号65のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(6c)(6a)および(6b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号85のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号81のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(7c)(7a)および(7b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号101のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号97のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(8c)(8a)および(8b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号117のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号113のHFR1配列をさらに含む、
項目1に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目3)
(1A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号8であり;かつ/もしくは
(1B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号16であるか、または
(2A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号24であり;かつ/もしくは
(2B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号32であるか、または
(3A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号40であり;かつ/もしくは
(3B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号48であるか、または
(4A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号56であり;かつ/もしくは
(4B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号64であるか、または
(5A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号72であり;かつ/もしくは
(5B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号80であるか、または
(6A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号88であり;かつ/もしくは
(6B)前記LCVR配列は配列番号96であるか、または
(7A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号104であり;かつ/もしくは
(7B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号112であるか、または
(8A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号120であり;かつ/もしくは
(8B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号128である、
項目1または2に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目4)
ヒト化抗体であり、かつ:
(1)配列番号8の前記HCVR配列および配列番号16の前記LCVR配列;または、
(2)配列番号72の前記HCVR配列および配列番号80の前記LCVR配列
を含む、項目1~3のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目5)
前記その抗原結合断片が、Fab、Fab’、F(ab’) 2 、F d 、一本鎖FvもしくはscFv、ジスルフィド結合F v 、V-NARドメイン、IgNar、イントラボディ、IgGΔCH 2 、ミニボディ、F(ab’) 3 、テトラボディ、トリアボディ、ダイアボディ、単一ドメイン抗体、DVD-Ig、Fcab、mAb 2 、(scFv) 2 、またはscFv-Fcである、項目1~4のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目6)
前記モノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片がマウスGal9と交差反応する、項目1~5のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目7)
前記モノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片が、ヒトGal9に約0.1~0.2nMのEC50で結合し、かつ/またはマウスGal9に約0.5~1.0nMのEC50で結合する、項目1~6のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目8)
前記モノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片が、ヒトGal9に約25nM、20nM、15nM、10nM、5nM、2nM、または1nM未満のK d で結合する、項目1~7のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目9)
Gal9に結合して、Gal9受容体(例えば、TIM3またはCD44)へのGal9の結合を阻害する、項目1~8のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目10)
T細胞(CD4 + T細胞等)のGal-9誘導性Th1アポトーシスを中和する、項目1~9のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目11)
Gal9誘導性Treg増殖を抑制する、項目1~10のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目12)
異種移植腫瘍を有するマウスにおいて、免疫チェックポイントのアンタゴニストと相乗的に、腫瘍成長をインビボ阻害し、かつ/または生存を延長する、項目1~11のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目13)
前記免疫チェックポイントの前記アンタゴニストが、PD-1またはPD-L1に特異的な抗体またはその抗原結合断片である、項目1~12のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
(項目14)
癌の処置を必要とする患者において癌を処置する方法であって、有効量の、項目1~13のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片、および免疫チェックポイントのアンタゴニストを前記患者に投与することを含む方法。
(項目15)
前記免疫チェックポイントがPD-1/PD-L1免疫チェックポイントであり、必要に応じて、前記免疫チェックポイントの前記アンタゴニストが、PD-1またはPD-L1に特異的な抗体またはその抗原結合断片;PD-1/PD-L1のペプチド阻害剤;PD-L1の小分子阻害剤;大環状ペプチド;またはそれらの任意の組合せである、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目16)
前記癌が、血液癌(AMLおよびDLBCL等)または固形腫瘍(乳癌、頭頸部癌、肺癌、黒色腫(ブドウ膜黒色腫を含む)、結腸癌、腎癌、卵巣癌、肝癌、および前立腺癌等)である、項目14~15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目17)
化学療法剤、抗血管形成剤、成長阻害剤、免疫腫瘍治療剤、および/または抗新生物組成物を前記患者に投与することをさらに含む、項目14~16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目18)
項目1~13のいずれか1項に規定の重鎖もしくは軽鎖、またはその抗原結合部分をコードするポリヌクレオチド。
(項目19)
ヒト細胞内での発現のためにコドン最適化されている、項目18に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
(項目20)
項目18または19に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む、発現ベクター(例えば、哺乳動物発現ベクター、酵母発現ベクター、昆虫発現ベクター、または細菌発現ベクター)等のベクター。
(項目21)
癌を発症するか、または癌が再発するリスクがある、癌と診断された患者において、エフェクタT細胞増殖を救済もしくは促進し、かつ/またはエフェクタT細胞活性を増強する方法、あるいは癌を有する患者を識別かつ処置する方法であって、前記患者由来のサンプル中のガレクチン-9のレベルが、健康な個体または対照個体におけるガレクチン-9の基準レベルよりも高いと前記患者を識別すると、有効量の、項目1~13のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片を前記患者に投与することを含む方法。
(項目22)
前記サンプル中のガレクチン-9の前記レベルを前記基準レベルと比較することによって、前記サンプル中のガレクチン-9の前記レベルが前記基準レベルよりも高いと前記患者を識別することをさらに含む、項目21に記載の方法。
(項目23)
免疫チェックポイントのアンタゴニストを前記患者に投与することをさらに含み、必要に応じて、前記免疫チェックポイントがPD-1/PD-L1免疫チェックポイントである、項目21または22に記載の方法。
(項目24)
前記免疫チェックポイントの前記アンタゴニストが、PD-1またはPD-L1に特異的な抗体またはその抗原結合断片;PD-1/PD-L1の(非抗体)ペプチド阻害剤;PD-L1の小分子阻害剤;大環状ペプチド;またはそれらの任意の組合せである、項目23に記載の方法。
(項目25)
前記癌が、血液癌(AMLおよびDLBCL等)または固形腫瘍(乳癌、頭頸部癌、肺癌、黒色腫(ブドウ膜黒色腫を含む)、結腸癌、腎癌、卵巣癌、肝癌、および前立腺癌等)である、項目21~24のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目26)
前記患者が、Fab M0、M1、M4、もしくはM5のAML患者であるか、または前記患者が、Fab M2もしくはM3のAML患者ではない、項目25に記載の方法。
(項目27)
前記サンプルが、血液サンプル、血漿サンプル、または血清サンプルである、項目21~26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目28)
AMLを発症するか、またはAMLを再発するリスクがある、AMLと診断された患者において、エフェクタT細胞増殖を救済もしくは促進し、かつ/またはエフェクタT細胞活性を増強する方法、あるいはAMLを有する患者を識別かつ処置する方法であって、前記患者由来の骨髄(BM)由来単核細胞(MNC)サンプル中のガレクチン-9コードmRNAのレベルが、健康な個体または対照個体におけるBM由来MNCまたはCD34 + 細胞における基準レベルよりも統計的に有意に高いか、または低いと前記患者を識別すると、有効量の、項目1~13のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片を前記患者に投与することを含む方法。
(項目29)
(1)前記患者がFab M0、M1、M2、M4、もしくはM5のAML患者である場合、前記患者由来の前記BM由来MNCサンプル中のガレクチン-9コードmRNAの前記レベルが前記基準レベルよりも有意に高く、または(2)前記患者がFab M3のAML患者である場合、前記患者由来の前記BM由来MNCサンプル中のガレクチン-9コードmRNAの前記レベルが前記基準レベルよりも有意に低い、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目30)
癌の処置に用いられる、ガレクチン-9に対して向けられるか、またはガレクチン-9に特異的な抗体またはその抗原結合部分であって、前記抗体またはその抗原結合部分は、エフェクタT細胞増殖を救済し、かつ/またはエフェクタT細胞活性を増強し、必要に応じて、前記エフェクタT細胞はTh1細胞である、抗体またはその抗原結合部分。
(項目31)
エフェクタT細胞増殖を救済または促進し、かつ/またはエフェクタT細胞活性を増強する方法であって、前記エフェクタT細胞を、項目1~13のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片と接触させることを含み、必要に応じて、前記エフェクタT細胞はTh1細胞である、方法。
(項目32)
対象において免疫記憶を誘導または促進する方法であって、有効量の、項目1~13のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片を含む組成物を前記対象に投与することを含み、前記免疫記憶が、前記対象における腫瘍の進行もしくは再発、または癌細胞の増殖を阻害するか、または低減するのに有効である、方法。
Claims (32)
- 単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片であって、前記モノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片は、ガレクチン-9に特異的であり、前記モノクローナル抗体は:
(1a)配列番号2のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号4のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号6のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(1b)配列番号10のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号12のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号14のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(2a)配列番号18のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号20のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号22のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(2b)配列番号26のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号28のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号30のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(3a)配列番号34のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号36のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号38のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(3b)配列番号42のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号44のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号46のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(4a)配列番号50のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号52のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号54のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(4b)配列番号58のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号60のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号62のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(5a)配列番号66のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号68のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号70のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(5b)配列番号74のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号76のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号78のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(6a)配列番号82のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号84のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号86のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(6b)配列番号90のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号92のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号94のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(7a)配列番号98のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号100のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号102のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(7b)配列番号106のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号108のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号110のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR);または
(8a)配列番号114のHCVR CDR1配列、配列番号116のHCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号118のHCVR CDR3配列を含む重鎖可変領域(HCVR);ならびに
(8b)配列番号122のLCVR CDR1配列、配列番号124のLCVR CDR2配列、および配列番号128のLCVR CDR3配列を含む軽鎖可変領域(LCVR)
を含む、単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。 - (1c)(1a)および(1b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号5のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号1のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(2c)(2a)および(2b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号21のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号17のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(3c)(3a)および(3b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号37のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号33のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(4c)(4a)および(4b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号53のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号49のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(5c)(5a)および(5b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号69のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号65のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(6c)(6a)および(6b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号85のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号81のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(7c)(7a)および(7b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号101のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号97のHFR1配列をさらに含み;または
(8c)(8a)および(8b)の前記抗体もしくはその抗原結合断片が、配列番号117のHFR3配列をさらに含み、必要に応じて、配列番号113のHFR1配列をさらに含む、
請求項1に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。 - (1A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号8であり;かつ/もしくは
(1B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号16であるか、または
(2A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号24であり;かつ/もしくは
(2B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号32であるか、または
(3A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号40であり;かつ/もしくは
(3B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号48であるか、または
(4A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号56であり;かつ/もしくは
(4B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号64であるか、または
(5A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号72であり;かつ/もしくは
(5B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号80であるか、または
(6A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号88であり;かつ/もしくは
(6B)前記LCVR配列は配列番号96であるか、または
(7A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号104であり;かつ/もしくは
(7B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号112であるか、または
(8A)前記HCVR配列が配列番号120であり;かつ/もしくは
(8B)前記LCVR配列が配列番号128である、
請求項1または2に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。 - ヒト化抗体であり、かつ:
(1)配列番号8の前記HCVR配列および配列番号16の前記LCVR配列;または、
(2)配列番号72の前記HCVR配列および配列番号80の前記LCVR配列
を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。 - 前記その抗原結合断片が、Fab、Fab’、F(ab’)2、Fd、一本鎖FvもしくはscFv、ジスルフィド結合Fv、V-NARドメイン、IgNar、イントラボディ、IgGΔCH2、ミニボディ、F(ab’)3、テトラボディ、トリアボディ、ダイアボディ、単一ドメイン抗体、DVD-Ig、Fcab、mAb2、(scFv)2、またはscFv-Fcである、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記モノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片がマウスGal9と交差反応する、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記モノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片が、ヒトGal9に約0.1~0.2nMのEC50で結合し、かつ/またはマウスGal9に約0.5~1.0nMのEC50で結合する、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記モノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片が、ヒトGal9に約25nM、20nM、15nM、10nM、5nM、2nM、または1nM未満のKdで結合する、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- Gal9に結合して、Gal9受容体(例えば、TIM3またはCD44)へのGal9の結合を阻害する、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- T細胞(CD4+T細胞等)のGal-9誘導性Th1アポトーシスを中和する、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- Gal9誘導性Treg増殖を抑制する、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 異種移植腫瘍を有するマウスにおいて、免疫チェックポイントのアンタゴニストと相乗的に、腫瘍成長をインビボ阻害し、かつ/または生存を延長する、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 前記免疫チェックポイントの前記アンタゴニストが、PD-1またはPD-L1に特異的な抗体またはその抗原結合断片である、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片。
- 癌の処置を必要とする患者において癌を処置する方法であって、有効量の、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片、および免疫チェックポイントのアンタゴニストを前記患者に投与することを含む方法。
- 前記免疫チェックポイントがPD-1/PD-L1免疫チェックポイントであり、必要に応じて、前記免疫チェックポイントの前記アンタゴニストが、PD-1またはPD-L1に特異的な抗体またはその抗原結合断片;PD-1/PD-L1のペプチド阻害剤;PD-L1の小分子阻害剤;大環状ペプチド;またはそれらの任意の組合せである、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記癌が、血液癌(AMLおよびDLBCL等)または固形腫瘍(乳癌、頭頸部癌、肺癌、黒色腫(ブドウ膜黒色腫を含む)、結腸癌、腎癌、卵巣癌、肝癌、および前立腺癌等)である、請求項14~15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 化学療法剤、抗血管形成剤、成長阻害剤、免疫腫瘍治療剤、および/または抗新生物組成物を前記患者に投与することをさらに含む、請求項14~16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~13のいずれか1項に規定の重鎖もしくは軽鎖、またはその抗原結合部分をコードするポリヌクレオチド。
- ヒト細胞内での発現のためにコドン最適化されている、請求項18に記載のポリヌクレオチド。
- 請求項18または19に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む、発現ベクター(例えば、哺乳動物発現ベクター、酵母発現ベクター、昆虫発現ベクター、または細菌発現ベクター)等のベクター。
- 癌を発症するか、または癌が再発するリスクがある、癌と診断された患者において、エフェクタT細胞増殖を救済もしくは促進し、かつ/またはエフェクタT細胞活性を増強する方法、あるいは癌を有する患者を識別かつ処置する方法であって、前記患者由来のサンプル中のガレクチン-9のレベルが、健康な個体または対照個体におけるガレクチン-9の基準レベルよりも高いと前記患者を識別すると、有効量の、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片を前記患者に投与することを含む方法。
- 前記サンプル中のガレクチン-9の前記レベルを前記基準レベルと比較することによって、前記サンプル中のガレクチン-9の前記レベルが前記基準レベルよりも高いと前記患者を識別することをさらに含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 免疫チェックポイントのアンタゴニストを前記患者に投与することをさらに含み、必要に応じて、前記免疫チェックポイントがPD-1/PD-L1免疫チェックポイントである、請求項21または22に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫チェックポイントの前記アンタゴニストが、PD-1またはPD-L1に特異的な抗体またはその抗原結合断片;PD-1/PD-L1の(非抗体)ペプチド阻害剤;PD-L1の小分子阻害剤;大環状ペプチド;またはそれらの任意の組合せである、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記癌が、血液癌(AMLおよびDLBCL等)または固形腫瘍(乳癌、頭頸部癌、肺癌、黒色腫(ブドウ膜黒色腫を含む)、結腸癌、腎癌、卵巣癌、肝癌、および前立腺癌等)である、請求項21~24のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、Fab M0、M1、M4、もしくはM5のAML患者であるか、または前記患者が、Fab M2もしくはM3のAML患者ではない、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記サンプルが、血液サンプル、血漿サンプル、または血清サンプルである、請求項21~26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- AMLを発症するか、またはAMLを再発するリスクがある、AMLと診断された患者において、エフェクタT細胞増殖を救済もしくは促進し、かつ/またはエフェクタT細胞活性を増強する方法、あるいはAMLを有する患者を識別かつ処置する方法であって、前記患者由来の骨髄(BM)由来単核細胞(MNC)サンプル中のガレクチン-9コードmRNAのレベルが、健康な個体または対照個体におけるBM由来MNCまたはCD34+細胞における基準レベルよりも統計的に有意に高いか、または低いと前記患者を識別すると、有効量の、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片を前記患者に投与することを含む方法。
- (1)前記患者がFab M0、M1、M2、M4、もしくはM5のAML患者である場合、前記患者由来の前記BM由来MNCサンプル中のガレクチン-9コードmRNAの前記レベルが前記基準レベルよりも有意に高く、または(2)前記患者がFab M3のAML患者である場合、前記患者由来の前記BM由来MNCサンプル中のガレクチン-9コードmRNAの前記レベルが前記基準レベルよりも有意に低い、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 癌の処置に用いられる、ガレクチン-9に対して向けられるか、またはガレクチン-9に特異的な抗体またはその抗原結合部分であって、前記抗体またはその抗原結合部分は、エフェクタT細胞増殖を救済し、かつ/またはエフェクタT細胞活性を増強し、必要に応じて、前記エフェクタT細胞はTh1細胞である、抗体またはその抗原結合部分。
- エフェクタT細胞増殖を救済または促進し、かつ/またはエフェクタT細胞活性を増強する方法であって、前記エフェクタT細胞を、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片と接触させることを含み、必要に応じて、前記エフェクタT細胞はTh1細胞である、方法。
- 対象において免疫記憶を誘導または促進する方法であって、有効量の、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の単離されたモノクローナル抗体またはその抗原結合断片を含む組成物を前記対象に投与することを含み、前記免疫記憶が、前記対象における腫瘍の進行もしくは再発、または癌細胞の増殖を阻害するか、または低減するのに有効である、方法。
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