JP2023183211A - Solidifying material and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a solidifying material for use in pavement or civil engineering work which solidifies in a shorter time than conventional manners, thereby making it difficult to flow out from a construction site, and also improving final strength and water resistance, and to provide a construction method therefor.SOLUTION: In a dry sandy solidifying material used for pavement or civil engineering work, the material is configured to contain aggregate, a water-soluble resin, a water-soluble crosslinking agent for crosslinking the water-soluble resin, and cement.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a solidifying material used in pavement work and civil engineering work.

When laying paving stones such as interlocking blocks, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, paving stones are laid on a leveled surface of paving sand, and joint sand is filled between the paving stones.

As a method for preventing such outflow of joint sand, there is a method called "sprinkling solidified sand" as described in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example. Water-sprinkled solidified sand solidifies if left for a few days after watering, so it is less likely to disappear due to wind and rain than regular sand.
Although not yet published, in Patent Document 2, the present inventor proposed a solidifying material containing a water-soluble resin and a water-soluble crosslinking agent for crosslinking the water-soluble resin.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-61059 Patent Application No. 2021-122462

Janome Block Co., Ltd., "Decorative joint material Union Sand joint B", [online], [searched on July 13, 2021], Internet <URL: https://www.janome-block.co.jp/product /77.php〉 Kubota Cement Industry Co., Ltd., "Karameji", [online], [searched on July 13, 2021], Internet <URL: https://www.kubota-c.com/exterior/2411/>

However, conventional water-sprinkled solidified sand as described in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 requires several days to solidify, and has the problem that it washes away when it rains before solidifying. Further, even if it rains after solidifying, there is a problem in that it becomes softer due to re-emulsification and becomes more likely to flow out.

In this regard, if the solidifying material proposed by the present inventor in Patent Document 2 is used, the granular material can be solidified in an overwhelmingly short time compared to the conventional method. However, depending on the site where the solidifying material is installed, a solidifying material with further improved final strength and water resistance may be required.

Therefore, the present invention relates to a solidifying material used in pavement construction or civil engineering work, which hardens in a shorter time than conventional methods, makes it difficult to flow out from the construction site, and improves final strength and water resistance. The objective is to provide a solidifying material and a construction method that can be used.

In order to solve the above problems, the solidifying material according to the present invention contains aggregate, a water-soluble resin, a water-soluble crosslinking agent for crosslinking the water-soluble resin, and cement.

The present invention is as described above, and includes, in addition to aggregate, a water-soluble resin, a water-soluble crosslinking agent for crosslinking the water-soluble resin, and cement. If such a solidifying material is used, the water-soluble cross-linking agent will molecularly cross-link the water-soluble resin immediately after water is sprinkled or mixed with water, reducing fluidity, which is overwhelmingly superior to conventional methods. The aggregate can be solidified in a short time. Although the addition of cement slightly delays the development of strength, the aggregate can be solidified in a shorter time compared to conventional water-sprinkled solidified sand or cement. Furthermore, by adding cement, the final strength and water resistance can be improved compared to those without cement.

It is a figure explaining the 1st example of construction. It is a figure explaining the 2nd example of construction. It is a figure explaining the 3rd construction example.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The solidification material according to this embodiment is a dry sand-like solidification material used for pavement work or civil engineering work. This solidifying material is mainly used as a paving material, but can be used for a variety of other purposes. For example, it can be used as bedding sand or joint sand for interlocking blocks. It can also be used as a weed control material to harden the ground to prevent the growth of grass. Furthermore, it can be used not only on road surfaces but also on slopes.

This solidifying material may be applied by a water sprinkling method or by a water-mixing method, as will be described later. In the case of the water sprinkling method, a dry sand-like solidifying material is spread or filled over the construction surface, and then water is sprinkled on the construction surface to solidify the solidifying material. In the case of the water-mixing method, construction is carried out by spreading or filling the construction surface with a solidifying material that has been mixed with water in advance.
The solidifying material according to the present embodiment contains at least aggregate, a water-soluble resin, a water-soluble crosslinking agent for crosslinking the water-soluble resin, and cement.

The aggregate is, for example, natural Oka sand or natural crushed stone. In addition to natural aggregate, this aggregate may be plastic aggregate, steel slag, municipal waste molten slag, glass aggregate, glass foam aggregate, wood, or the like. The aggregate according to this embodiment has a coarse grain ratio (FM value) of 6.0 or less and a maximum aggregate dimension of 5 mm or less.

The water-soluble resin may be any resin as long as it dissolves in water and can be crosslinked by the action of a water-soluble crosslinking agent. For example, highly hydrophilic materials such as polyvinyl alcohol are preferred.

In addition, polyvinyl alcohol includes completely saponified type, intermediate saponified type, and partially saponified type in descending order of degree of saponification, but it is preferable to use partially saponified type. Although it is possible to use a complete saponification type or an intermediate saponification type, it is recommended to use a partial saponification type in consideration of ease of operation, since emulsification will not occur unless hot water of 50°C or higher is poured. Specifically, the degree of saponification is preferably 70.0 or more and less than 90.0%. Note that the degree of saponification is a value measured by a method based on JIS K6726:1994.

The polyvinyl alcohol according to the present embodiment has a viscosity of 4 to 240 mPa·s at 20°C at a relative humidity of 4%, a pure content of 94.0% or more, a volatile content of 5.0% or less, and a pH of 5. ~7. In addition, each value of viscosity, purity content, volatile content, and pH is a value measured by the method based on JIS K6726:1994.

The content of polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 1.0% by weight or more based on the total amount of aggregate. Specifically, it is preferably 1.0% by weight or more and less than 10.0% by weight, more preferably 1.0% by weight or more and less than 5.0% by weight, and 1.0% by weight or more. , less than 3.0% by weight is particularly preferred.

The water-soluble crosslinking agent is capable of crosslinking the water-soluble resin in terms of its molecular structure. Since the solidification material according to the present embodiment contains a water-soluble crosslinking agent, by adding water, the water-soluble resin is crosslinked and cured by a chemical reaction with the water-soluble crosslinking agent. As the water-soluble crosslinking agent, known crosslinking agents that dissolve in water can be used. Examples of substances that crosslink by reacting with the hydrophilic groups of polyvinyl alcohol-based water-soluble resins include sodium silicate, cement, melamine resin, epoxy resin, aziridine, glyoxal, dialdehyde starch, glutaraldehyde, dimethylol urea, and boron. Examples include acids, borax, zirconium salts, and the like. In this embodiment, borax is used as the water-soluble crosslinking agent. There are generally three types of borax on the market: anhydrous borax, 5-hydrate borax, and 10-hydrate borax. desirable.

The water-soluble crosslinking agent preferably has a particle size equal to or smaller than that of the aggregate. Specifically, the water-soluble crosslinking agent preferably has a coarse particle ratio (FM value) of 6.0 or less and a maximum aggregate size of 5 mm or less, and may be in the form of powder.

The content of the water-soluble crosslinking agent is preferably 10.0% by weight or more based on the total amount of the water-soluble resin. In particular, good results were obtained by setting the content of the water-soluble crosslinking agent in a range of 10.0% by weight or more and less than 30.0% by weight based on the total amount of water-soluble resin.

Cement is added to improve final strength and water resistance. In order to solidify the solidifying material in a short time, it is desirable to use ultra-early strength Portland cement as the cement. The content of cement is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3.0% by weight based on the total amount of aggregate, and preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.2% by weight based on the total amount of aggregate. Even more desirable. The solidification material according to this embodiment contains a water-soluble resin, and the adhesive force of the water-soluble resin works by adding water, so even if the amount of cement is small compared to the total amount of aggregate, the desired amount can be achieved. You can gain strength. Furthermore, since the amount of cement added is small, problems inherent to cement are less likely to occur. For example, the effect is that cracks are less likely to occur, and mold and moss are less likely to grow. In addition, since the construction surface does not become too hard, it is less likely to cause injury in the event of a collapse.
In addition, a cement hardening accelerator, a mortar thickener, and a water retaining material may be added to the solidifying material as additives.

A cement hardening accelerator is added to shorten the time until cement hardens, and is, for example, a powder of calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, sulfur trioxide, or the like. In addition, when using a liquid such as a calcium silicate compound as a cement hardening accelerator, it can be added at the time of water addition and mixing described later.

The mortar thickener increases the viscosity when fine fibers intertwine with cement hydrate, and for example, one made by processing cellulose derived from natural pulp can be used. Specifically, they are powders of methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and the like.
As the water retaining material, for example, clay minerals such as zeolite and sepiolite can be used.

Further, if it is desired to color the solidifying material, an inorganic pigment for concrete can be added to the solidifying material in advance. For example, an inorganic pigment for concrete can be added as a colorant in an amount of 10.0% by weight or less based on the total amount of aggregate. The components of inorganic pigments for concrete include FeOOH (iron hydroxide) for yellow coloring, Fe2O3 (ferric oxide) for red coloring, and Fe3O4 (trioxide trioxide) for black coloring. CoAl2O4 (cobalt aluminate) is used for coloring blue, and a mixture of PbCrO4 (lead chromate) and dark blue KFe3 [Fe2(CN)6] is used for coloring green.
Note that the solidifying material of the present invention is dry sand-like or gravel-like, and does not contain a liquid or gel-like substance such as a soluble silica compound.

(Example 1 of solidifying material)
The solidifying material of Example 1 was manufactured by uniformly mixing the materials in a dry state based on the following recipe table 1. Each numerical value in the following recipe table 1 indicates weight % when the aggregate is taken as 100.
[Composition table 1]
Aggregate 100
Polyvinyl alcohol 5
Anhydrous borax 1.5
Super early strength Portland cement 0.5

(Example 2 of solidifying material)
The solidifying material of Example 2 was manufactured by uniformly mixing the materials in a dry state based on the following recipe table 2. Each numerical value in the following formulation table 2 indicates weight % when the aggregate is taken as 100.
[Composition table 2]
Aggregate 100
Polyvinyl alcohol 7
Anhydrous borax 2.8
Super early strength Portland cement 1

(First construction example)
Next, an example of construction of the solidifying material according to this embodiment will be described. The first construction example is a method in which a dry sand-like solidifying material is applied, and then water is sprinkled on the construction surface to solidify the solidifying material.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1(a), first, a dried solidifying material is spread over the construction surface. When filling the joints of block-based pavement (paving stones, etc.) with a solidifying material, it is possible to easily fill the joints by spreading the solidifying material and then sweeping the material into the joints.
After that, as shown in FIG. 1(b), water is sprinkled on the material and the solidified material is cured for a certain period of time, as shown in FIG. 1(c).
In addition, in this construction example, the joints of the block-based pavement are filled with the solidifying material, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the solidifying material may be laid on the road surface or slope.

Furthermore, when water is sprinkled in FIG. 1(b), a diluted water-soluble paint may be sprinkled instead of water to solidify the solidifying material. In this way, the construction surface can be colored at the same time as watering, which improves work efficiency.

(Second construction example)
The second construction example is similar to the first construction example in that after applying a dry sand-like solidifying material, water is sprinkled on the construction surface to solidify the solidifying material, but it is constructed in a two-layer structure. It is characterized by Note that it is desirable that the second layer be thinner than the first layer.

At the time of construction, first, as shown in FIG. 2(a), a dried solidifying material is spread over the construction surface and constructed as the first layer. Next, as shown in FIG. 2(b), water is sprinkled from above the first layer. After watering, cure until a solidified film is formed on the surface of the first layer (about 10 to 60 minutes depending on the temperature).

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2(c), a second layer of dry sand-like solidifying material is applied on top of the first layer. Then, as shown in FIG. 2(d), a diluted water-soluble paint is sprinkled over the second layer to solidify the solidifying material.

According to such a construction method, the water-soluble paint is sprinkled onto the second layer after the surface of the first layer has hardened, so that the water-soluble paint is less likely to flow under the second layer. In other words, the water-soluble paint tends to stay in the second layer, making it easier to color it. Additionally, since it can be colored with less paint, it can be installed at a lower cost.

(Third construction example)
In the third construction example, construction is performed after adding water to the solidifying material and mixing it. By adding water and mixing in advance in this way, the strength can be increased compared to the first construction example.

Note that if the amount of water added is too large, there will be too much moisture, making it difficult to fill joints, etc., and if the amount is too small, sufficient hardness will not be obtained. As a result of the inventor's evaluation of the optimal amount of water added, the amount of water added is preferably in the range of 15 to 25% by weight based on the total amount of all materials, and is preferably in the range of 20 to 25% by weight based on the total amount of all materials. It is even more desirable that there be one. Comparing this with the weight of cement, the amount of water added is preferably in the range of 0.15 to 0.25% by weight based on the total amount of cement, and is in the range of 0.20 to 0.25% by weight based on the total amount of cement. It is even more desirable. When the amount of water added is within this range, the solidified material mixed with water becomes so-called zero slump (like dry mortar) and becomes hard enough to be swept into joints and the like.
The construction procedure is as follows.
First, as shown in FIG. 3(a), water is added to the solidifying material and mixed. At this time, if you want to color it, you may dilute the water-soluble paint in the water to be added.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3(b), the solidified material mixed with water is spread over the construction surface. When filling the joints of block-based pavement (paving stones, etc.) with a solidifying material, it is possible to easily fill the joints by spreading the solidifying material and then sweeping the material into the joints.
Thereafter, by curing for a certain period of time, the solidifying material hardens as shown in FIG. 3(c).
In addition, in this construction example, the joints of the block-based pavement are filled with the solidifying material, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the solidifying material may be laid on the road surface or slope.
Further, after the hardening material mixed with water is spread over the construction surface and the construction is performed, the construction surface may be rolled with a roller before hardening.

(summary)
As explained above, the solidifying material according to the present invention includes, in addition to aggregate, a water-soluble resin, a water-soluble crosslinking agent that crosslinks the water-soluble resin, and cement. If such a solidifying material is used, the water-soluble cross-linking agent will molecularly cross-link the water-soluble resin immediately after water is sprinkled or mixed with water, reducing fluidity, which is overwhelmingly superior to conventional methods. The aggregate can be solidified in a short time. Although the addition of cement slightly delays the development of strength, it is possible to solidify the aggregate in a shorter time compared to conventional methods. Additionally, by adding cement, the final strength and water resistance can be improved.

Moreover, since the solidifying material according to the present invention has a certain level of strength and water resistance, it can also be used in place of conventional cement pavement. For example, in the past, cement pavement was used as a weed control material, but there was a problem in that cement shrinks and cracks easily. Note that making the cement thicker will make it less likely to crack, but it will also increase construction costs. In this regard, if the solidifying material according to the present invention is used, the amount of cement is small, so cracks are unlikely to occur even if the layer is made thin.

Claims (19)

A dry sand-like solidified material used in pavement construction or civil engineering work,
Containing aggregate, a water-soluble resin, a water-soluble crosslinking agent for crosslinking the water-soluble resin, and cement.
Solidifying material. The content of the cement is in the range of 0.5 to 3.0% by weight based on the total amount of the aggregate,
The solidifying material according to claim 1. The cement is ultra-early strength Portland cement.
The solidifying material according to claim 1. Added at least one of a cement hardening accelerator, a mortar thickener, zeolite, and sepiolite,
The solidifying material according to claim 1. the water-soluble crosslinking agent is borax,
The solidifying material according to claim 1. The water-soluble crosslinking agent is anhydrous borax,
The solidifying material according to claim 1. the water-soluble resin is polyvinyl alcohol,
The solidifying material according to claim 1. The content ratio of the water-soluble crosslinking agent is 10.0% by weight or more based on the total amount of the water-soluble resin.
The solidifying material according to claim 1. The content ratio of the water-soluble resin is 1.0% by weight or more based on the total amount of the aggregate,
The solidifying material according to claim 1. Added an inorganic pigment for concrete of 10.0% by weight or less based on the total amount of aggregate as a coloring agent,
The solidifying material according to claim 1. A construction method in paving work or civil engineering work using the solidification material of claims 1 to 10 above, comprising:
After applying the dry sand-like solidifying material, water is sprinkled on the construction surface to solidify the solidifying material.
Construction method. After applying the dry sand-like solidifying material, sprinkle diluted water-soluble paint to solidify the solidifying material.
The construction method according to claim 11. a step of applying a dry sand-like solidified material as the first layer;
Sprinkling water from above the first layer;
curing until a solidified film is formed on the surface of the first layer;
applying a second layer of dry sand-like solidifying material on the first layer;
Sprinkling a diluted water-soluble paint over the second layer to solidify the solidifying material;
Equipped with
The construction method according to claim 11. A construction method in paving work or civil engineering work using the solidification material of claims 1 to 10 above, comprising:
It is applied after adding water to the solidifying material and mixing it.
Construction method. The amount of water added is in the range of 15 to 25% by weight based on the total amount of all materials,
The construction method according to claim 14. The amount of water added is in the range of 0.15 to 0.25% by weight based on the total amount of cement,
The construction method according to claim 14. Water-soluble paint is diluted in the water to be added.
The construction method according to claim 14. After applying the solidified material mixed with water, the construction surface is rolled with a roller.
The construction method according to claim 14. A construction method in paving work or civil engineering work using the solidification material of claims 1 to 10 above, comprising:
Filling the joints of block pavement with solidifying material,
Construction method.

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