JP2023155089A - Bridge bearing and bridge - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a bridge bearing capable of suppressing the action of a large horizontal force on a substructure by the expansion and contraction of a bridge girder and transmitting the large horizontal force at the time of an earthquake or the like to the substructure by dispersing it to a plurality of bearings, and a bridge using such a bearing.SOLUTION: A bridge bearing has a laminated rubber bearing part 4 whose lower side is fixed on a pier or an abutment 1, an intermediate steel plate 5 fixed on the laminated rubber bearing part, a movable bearing part 6 supported movably in the axial direction of a bridge girder 2 on the intermediate steel plate, and an oil damper 7 for imparting resistance to relative displacement in the axial direction of the bridge girder 2 generated between the intermediate steel plate and the movable bearing part. This bridge bearing is used for the continuous girder together with the laminated rubber bearing part, and the bridge girder is supported by the laminated rubber bearing part on one abutment or pier, and the bridge bearing is used on another abutment or pier.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a bridge support for supporting a bridge girder on an abutment or a bridge pier, and a bridge in which the bridge girder is supported by the bridge support.

Bridge bearings that support bridge girders on bridge abutments or piers support the bridge girder's own weight and the vertical load placed on the bridge girder, and also absorb horizontal forces that act from the bridge girder to the abutment or bridge piers during an earthquake. introduce. Furthermore, bridge girders expand and contract due to temperature changes, and bridge girders made of concrete further shrink due to creep and drying shrinkage, so it is necessary to support the bridge girders to allow for such expansion and contraction.

It is desirable that the horizontal force during an earthquake is not transmitted to the substructure by a single bearing, but distributed to multiple bearings, and as shown in Figure 10, the bridge girder 80 is Supporting bridges are widely adopted. In this bridge, the expansion and contraction of the bridge girder 80 is allowed by the deformation of the laminated rubber 81a, and the horizontal force during an earthquake is distributed to the plurality of laminated rubber bearings 81 and transmitted to the substructure.

However, when the bridge girder spans a plurality of spans and the length of the girder increases, the shear deformation of the laminated rubber 81a in the horizontal direction becomes large, and the withstand strength against loads in the vertical direction decreases. Moreover, since a large horizontal force acts on the substructures such as the abutments A1 and A2 and the piers P1, P2, and P3, the scale of the substructures becomes large and the cost of construction increases. In particular, if the bridge girder is made of concrete and prestress has been introduced, the length of the girder will shrink due to contraction of the bridge girder due to the introduction of prestress, creep and drying shrinkage after the girder is completed, and the amount of shear deformation of the laminated rubber will decrease. It becomes excessive.
In order to cope with the shrinkage of the bridge girder due to creep and drying shrinkage, a method was adopted in which the amount of displacement was predicted, the laminated rubber was caused to undergo shear deformation in the opposite direction in advance, and a support was installed between the substructure and the bridge girder in this state. may be done. However, in this method, the structure of the support becomes complicated in order to maintain the state in which the laminated rubber undergoes shear deformation before installation, and the manufacturing cost increases. Furthermore, by releasing the restraint of the laminated rubber, which has undergone shear deformation, after the bridge girder is erected, a large horizontal force will act on the substructure.

Under these circumstances, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 propose a bearing that suppresses the amount of deformation of laminated rubber. These have a laminated rubber support at the bottom and a sliding bearing on top, and the contraction of the bridge girder due to prestress introduction, creep, and drying shrinkage is handled by the sliding of the sliding bearing. To prevent large deformation from occurring in the laminated rubber. After creep and drying shrinkage have progressed, the sliding bearings are restrained from sliding, and the horizontal force during an earthquake is distributed and applied to the plurality of laminated rubber bearings.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-210303 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-252806

However, in the bearings disclosed in the above-mentioned patent documents, the work to restrain the sliding bearings is carried out after a period of one to two years until the progress of creep and drying shrinkage of the concrete constituting the bridge girder is reduced. becomes necessary. Further, when a horizontal force due to an earthquake or the like acts before the sliding movement of the sliding bearing is restrained, it becomes difficult to disperse the horizontal reaction force and apply it to a plurality of bearings.
On the other hand, after the sliding bearings have been restrained from sliding, the expansion and contraction of the bridge girder due to temperature changes will be dealt with by deformation of the laminated rubber bearings, and horizontal forces will be applied to the substructure as the temperature changes.

The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and its purpose is to reduce the shrinkage of concrete bridge girders due to expansion and contraction of bridge girders due to temperature changes, introduction of prestress, creep and drying shrinkage by using laminated rubber bearings. To provide a support for a bridge that can tolerate large shear deformation in the body without causing large shear deformation, and also to be able to distribute large horizontal forces such as during an earthquake to a plurality of supports and transmit it to the substructure, and such a support. The aim is to provide a bridge using

In order to solve the above problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a bridge support that is installed on a bridge pier or abutment and supports a bridge girder, comprising a laminated rubber support, and that is installed on the bridge pier or abutment. a laminated rubber bearing part to which the lower side is fixed; an intermediate steel plate fixed on the laminated rubber bearing part; and a movable bearing part supported on the intermediate steel plate so as to be movable in the axial direction of the bridge girder. and a viscous damper that provides resistance to relative displacement in the axial direction of the bridge girder that occurs between the intermediate steel plate and the movable support part.

The above-mentioned viscous damper includes an oil damper that provides resistance by the viscous fluid that moves through an orifice or a thin tube when a piston reciprocates within a cylinder filled with viscous fluid, and an oil damper that applies resistance to the viscous fluid contained in a container. It includes a viscous damper that applies resistance using the viscosity of fluid when a plate-shaped body, rod-shaped body, etc. moves. As the viscous fluid, fluids having various viscosities such as mineral oil and synthetic oil such as silicone oil can be used.

In this bridge bearing, when the bridge girder expands and contracts due to temperature changes or shrinks, creeps, and drying due to the introduction of prestress in the concrete bridge girder, the movable bearing moves in the axial direction of the bridge girder, and the viscous damper slowly moves. The flow of the viscous fluid that occurs allows movement of the intermediate steel plate and the laminated rubber bearing portion with almost no horizontal force acting on them. Therefore, even if the bridge girder moves on the abutment or pier due to the introduction of prestress, creep, drying shrinkage, or temperature change, no large deformation occurs in the laminated rubber bearing. This prevents large horizontal forces from acting on the abutments or piers.
On the other hand, when a horizontal force is applied during an earthquake, the flow of viscous fluid within the viscous damper does not occur rapidly, and the viscous damper resists and the horizontal force is transmitted to the intermediate steel plate and the laminated rubber support. Therefore, in the event of an earthquake, the laminated rubber support is deformed by horizontal forces that act repeatedly, and the horizontal forces are supported by the abutments or piers.

The invention according to claim 2 is the bridge support according to claim 1, in which the movable support part has a rubber support having a sliding layer on the lower surface, and an upper part of the rubber support is fitted from the lower surface upward. a steel support fixed to the bridge girder and supported on the rubber support, the viscous damper having a recess into which the steel support is inserted, and a steel support fixed to the bridge girder and supported on the rubber support; It shall be mounted so as to provide resistance to the relative displacements that occur.

In this bridge bearing, a rubber bearing with a sliding layer is supported on an intermediate steel plate, and a steel bearing is provided to cover this, so the height of the movable bearing can be kept small, and the laminated rubber Even when stacked vertically with the support part to form a composite support, the height of the entire support can be kept small.
Furthermore, the rubber support can be made of a material that deforms more flexibly than the laminated rubber support, and rotational deformation due to deflection of the bridge girder can be absorbed by the rubber support.

The invention according to claim 3 is a bridge having a bridge girder that is supported by a plurality of supports provided on a pier or an abutment and continuous over a plurality of spans, wherein one or more of the plurality of supports supporting the bridge girder Adjacent 2 or 3 supports are laminated rubber bearings having a laminated rubber support whose lower side is fixed to the pier or abutment and whose upper side is fixed to the bridge girder. A composite bearing having a laminated rubber bearing fixed to the pier or abutment, and a movable bearing that is movable in the axial direction of the bridge girder on the laminated rubber bearing, The present invention provides a bridge having a viscous damper that provides resistance to movement of a support portion relative to the laminated rubber support portion in the axial direction of the bridge girder.

In this bridge, when the girder expands or contracts due to the introduction of prestress, creep, drying shrinkage, or temperature change, the bridge girder expands and contracts from the position supported by the laminated rubber bearings, and the bridge abutments or piers supported by the composite bearings expand and contract. In this case, the viscous damper allows the bridge girder to displace with little resistance to the slow expansion and contraction. Therefore, no large horizontal force acts on the laminated rubber bearing portion of the composite bearing, and no large deformation occurs in the laminated rubber bearing portion. Further, no large horizontal force acts on the laminated rubber bearing. This prevents large horizontal forces from acting on the abutments or piers.
On the other hand, the viscous damper of the composite bearing resists the sudden horizontal force that repeatedly occurs during earthquakes, and the horizontal force is transmitted to the laminated rubber bearing and then to the abutment or pier. Therefore, in response to a horizontal force during an earthquake, the horizontal force acts on the plurality of supports in a distributed manner, and the horizontal force is resisted by the plurality of abutments or piers.
In addition, with composite bearings, the vibration of the bridge girder can be attenuated by the resistance provided by the viscous damper.

The invention according to claim 4 is the bridge according to claim 3, wherein the laminated rubber bearing of the laminated rubber bearing is more flexible in the horizontal direction than the laminated rubber bearing of the laminated rubber bearing part of the composite bearing. It is assumed that shear deformation occurs.

In this bridge, when a horizontal force such as during an earthquake acts, shear deformation occurs in the laminated rubber bearing, and in the case of composite bearings, shear deformation occurs in the laminated rubber bearing of the laminated rubber bearing. At the same time, some relative displacement occurs in the movable support part with respect to the laminated support part via the viscous damper. For this reason, if the laminated rubber bearing has high rigidity against shear deformation, there is a risk that the load of horizontal force will be concentrated on the laminated rubber bearing, but the composite bearing has the same rigidity against shear deformation of the laminated rubber bearing that the laminated rubber bearing has. By making it smaller than the laminated rubber support, it becomes possible to adjust the horizontal force load so that it is not concentrated.

As explained above, in the bridge bearing of the present invention, expansion and contraction of the bridge girder due to temperature changes, introduction of prestress, shrinkage of the concrete bridge girder due to creep and drying shrinkage can be caused to cause large shear deformation in the laminated rubber bearing. In addition, large horizontal forces such as those caused during earthquakes can be transmitted to the substructure via the viscous damper and laminated rubber support. In addition, in the bridge according to the present invention, the horizontal force acting on the substructure is suppressed by the expansion and contraction of the bridge girder, and in the event of an earthquake, the horizontal force is distributed to the substructure and transmitted to the substructure, thereby reducing the construction cost of the substructure. It becomes possible to reduce the amount.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view and a plan view of a bridge support according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the bridge support shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the bridge support shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view and an enlarged view of a support portion of a bridge that uses the bridge support shown in FIG. 1 and is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 6 is a front view and a plan view of a bridge support according to another embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a side view of the bridge support shown in FIG. 5. FIG. FIG. 6 is a front view and a plan view of a bridge support according to another embodiment of the present invention. 8 is a side view of the bridge support shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the bridge support shown in FIG. 7. FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view and an enlarged view of a supporting portion of an example of a conventional bridge.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view and a plan view showing a bridge support according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view.
This bridge support is installed on an abutment 1 or a bridge pier, which is a substructure, and supports a steel girder 2, and includes a laminated rubber support part 4 having a laminated rubber support body 3, and a laminated rubber support part 4 having a laminated rubber support body 3. An intermediate steel plate 5 is fixed to the top, and a movable member is supported on the intermediate steel plate 5 so as to be able to move in the axial direction of the bridge girder 2, and is restrained from moving relative to the intermediate steel plate 5 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the bridge girder 2. It has a support part 6 and an oil damper 7 that provides resistance to relative displacement in the axial direction of the bridge girder that occurs between the intermediate steel plate 5 and the movable support part 6.

The laminated rubber support part 4 has a steel substrate 8 fixed to the substructure, and a laminated rubber support 3 fixed to the upper surface of the steel substrate 8. The steel substrate 8 is fixed to the upper surface of the substructure with anchor bolts 9. The laminated rubber support 3 is made by alternately laminating rubber materials such as natural rubber or chloroprene rubber and steel plates 10, and the outer periphery is covered with a rubber material so that the steel plates 10 are not exposed. A steel plate 11 thicker than other steel plates is used as the lowest layer of the laminated rubber support 3, and is firmly fixed to the steel substrate 8 with bolts or the like (not shown).

The intermediate steel plate 5 is fixed to the upper surface of the laminated rubber support 3 in a substantially horizontal manner, and maintains its connection with the laminated rubber support 3 when it is displaced horizontally relative to the steel substrate 8. This causes the laminated rubber support 3 to undergo horizontal shear deformation.

The movable support section 6 has a steel support 12 fixed to the bridge girder 2 made of steel, and a rubber support 13 inserted between the steel support 12 and the intermediate steel plate 8.
The steel support 12 is fixed to the lower flange 2a of the bridge girder 2 via the sole plate 14 with upper fixing bolts 15. A recess into which the rubber support 13 is fitted upward is formed on the lower surface of the steel support 12. This recess is formed to be shallower than the height of the rubber support 13, as shown in FIG. ing.

The upper fixing bolts 15 are provided at the four corners of the steel support 12 as shown in FIG. 1(b), and have shear keys to prevent horizontal displacement between the steel support 12 and the sole plate 14. 16 are provided so as to surround the upper fixing bolt 15. As shown in FIG. 3(b), the shearing key 16 has a cylindrical portion 16a and an enlarged diameter portion 16b extending horizontally from the lower end of the cylindrical portion, and has a central hole provided along the central axis. It is being A female thread is cut into this central hole, and the upper fixing bolt 15 is twisted together.

As shown in FIG. 3(b), the steel support 12 has a through hole into which the cylindrical portion of the shearing key 16 can be fitted without a gap or with a slight gap between the lower flange 2a and the sole plate 14. It is provided so that the center can be aligned with the bolt hole formed in the. The diameter of the steel support 12 is enlarged to a predetermined height from the lower surface of the steel support 12 so that the enlarged diameter portion 16b of the shear key 16 can be fitted therein.
On the other hand, the bolt hole through which the upper fixing bolt 15 is inserted is enlarged in diameter on the lower surface side of the sole plate 14 so that the upper portion of the shear key 16 can be fitted therein.

The shear key 16 has a cylindrical portion 16a inserted into the through hole from below the steel support 12, and an enlarged diameter portion 16b that is fitted into the enlarged diameter portion of the through hole and locked to the steel support 12. be done. The upper end of the cylindrical portion 16a protrudes from the upper surface of the steel support 12 and is fitted into the enlarged diameter portion of a bolt hole provided in the sole plate 14. In this state, the upper fixing bolt 15 is twisted into the center hole of the shear key 16, and by tightening, the steel support 12 is fixed to the bridge girder 2 via the sole plate 14, and the shear key 16 connects the steel support 12 and the bridge girder 2. is restrained to prevent horizontal displacement.

The rubber support 13 is a disk-shaped member mainly made of rubber, and as shown in FIG. 3(a), steel plates 17 are embedded near the top surface and near the bottom surface. Further, a steel ring 18 is embedded in the rubber layer between the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate to prevent excessive deformation of the rubber layer.
This rubber support 13 has an outer diameter that almost matches the inner diameter of a recess formed in the steel support 12, and is fitted into the recess of the steel support 12 from below, so that the inner peripheral surface of the recess Deformation is also restricted by The lower part of this rubber support 13 protrudes downward from the lower surface of the steel support 12, maintains a gap between the intermediate steel plate 5 and the lower surface of the steel support 12 on the intermediate steel plate 5, and This supports the bridge girder 2. A sliding layer made of fluororesin or the like is formed on the lower surface of the rubber support 13, allowing it to slide on the intermediate steel plate 5.

In the oil damper 7, a pilton 20 is capable of reciprocating in the axial direction within a cylindrical cylinder 19, and viscous oil filled in the cylinder 19 moves through a small hole 20a provided in a piston 20. This allows the piston 20 to reciprocate and provides resistance to the movement.
The cylinder 19 has its axis oriented in the axial direction of the bridge girder 2, and is provided on both sides of the steel support 12, and is attached to the steel support via projecting fixing parts 21 that are integrated with the cylinder 19, as shown in FIG. 3(a). 12 with bolts 24. On the other hand, rods 25 extending in the axial direction are attached to both sides of the piston 20, and the ends protruding outside the cylinder are fixed to the side blocks 22. The side block 22 is fixed to the upper surface of the intermediate steel plate 5 by bolts 23, and as the steel support 12 moves in the axial direction of the bridge girder 3 on the intermediate steel plate 5, the piston 20 moves within the cylinder 19. It has become a thing.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3(b), the side block 22 has an upper portion that protrudes into a notch provided on the side of the steel support 12, and is in close proximity to or sliding against the vertical and horizontal surfaces within the notch. Contact as possible. This restrains the steel support 12 from moving in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the bridge girder 2, and also prevents the steel support 12 from floating away from the intermediate steel plate 5.

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view and an enlarged view of a support portion of a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention, which uses the bridge support shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
This bridge 30 is constructed by continuously spanning four spans with bridge girders 31 made of steel. On the first pier P1 and the third pier P3 adjacent to the abutment A1 and the second abutment A2, the bridge girder 31 is supported by composite supports S1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. On the second pier P2 located approximately in the center of the entire length of the bridge girder 31, the bridge girder 31 is supported by a laminated rubber support S2 whose upper portion is fixed to the bridge girder 31 and whose lower portion is fixed to the second pier P2.

In this bridge 30, when the bridge girder 31 expands or contracts due to temperature change, there is almost no movement of the bridge girder 31 on the second pier P2 supported by the laminated rubber bearing S2, and the first abutment A1, the first On the pier P1, the third pier P3, and the second abutment A2, the rubber support 13 on the intermediate steel plate 5 slides together with the steel support 12 as the bridge girder 31 expands or contracts. At this time, the oil damper 7 allows the bridge girder 31 to move without transmitting almost any horizontal force to the laminated rubber support 3 provided below. That is, since the bridge girder 31 expands and contracts slowly, the viscous oil in the cylinder 19 passes through the small hole 20a provided in the piston 20, and provides almost no resistance to the movement of the piston 20 within the cylinder 19. As a result, even if the bridge girder 31 expands or contracts due to temperature changes, almost no horizontal shear deformation occurs in the lower laminated rubber support 3, and generation of large horizontal force on the abutment and piers is avoided.

On the other hand, when a large horizontal force acts on the bridge girder 31 during an earthquake, the horizontal force acts on the laminated rubber bearing on the second pier P2, causing shear deformation. On the other hand, horizontal force acts on the supports from the bridge girder 31 also on the first abutment A1, the first abutment P1, the third abutment P3, and the second abutment A2. At this time, within the cylinder 19 of the oil damper 7, the viscous oil cannot flow rapidly through the small hole 20a of the piston 20, and a large resistance is imparted to the relative movement between the cylinder 19 and the piston 20. . As a result, the horizontal force acts on the laminated rubber support 3 from the steel support 12 via the intermediate steel plate 5, causing shear deformation in the laminated rubber support 3 in the horizontal direction. In this way, the horizontal force acting on the bridge girder 31 is distributed and transmitted to a plurality of substructures from the first abutment A1 to the second abutment A2. Therefore, it is avoided that the horizontal force at the time of an earthquake acts concentratedly on one substructure, and it becomes possible to suppress the horizontal strength required of the substructure to a small level and reduce construction costs.

Furthermore, when a horizontal force acts in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the bridge girder 31, the movable support part 6 of the composite support S1 is restrained from moving relative to the axis in the direction perpendicular to the axis by the side blocks 22, so horizontal force is distributed and transmitted to the abutments and piers.
Note that when the bridge girder 31 is displaced in the axial direction, the oil damper 7 transmits the horizontal force to the laminated rubber bearing part 4 as described above, and also causes some relative displacement between the steel bearing body 12 and the intermediate steel plate 5. Allows for large displacements. Therefore, the vibration energy is absorbed by the resistance accompanying the flow of the viscous oil at this time, and the effect of damping the vibration of the bridge girder 31 can also be obtained. Then, at the composite support S1 provided on the first abutment A1, the first abutment P1, the third abutment P3, and the second abutment A2, the steel support 12 caused by the sliding of the rubber support 13 and the intermediate The relative displacement with respect to the steel plate 5 is returned to approximately the original position by the restoring force of the laminated rubber support S2 provided on the second pier P2.

FIG. 5 is a front view and a plan view of a bridge support according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a side view.
This bridge support supports a concrete bridge girder 41, and includes a laminated rubber support part 43 having a laminated rubber support body 42, an intermediate steel plate 44 fixed on the laminated rubber support part 43, and an intermediate steel plate 44. It is equipped with a movable support part 45 that can slide on the upper surface of the movable support part 45, and an oil damper 46 provided between the intermediate steel plate 44 and the movable support part 45, and the laminated rubber support part 43, the intermediate steel plate 44, The oil damper 46 used has the same structure as the bridge support shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.

The movable support part 45 has a steel support 47 fixed to the concrete bridge girder 41 and a rubber support 48 inserted between the steel support 47 and the intermediate steel plate 44. As for 48, a structure similar to the bridge support shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 can be used.
A recess is formed in the lower surface of the steel support 47 facing upward, and the rubber support 48 is fitted into the recess. The lower part protrudes from the lower surface of the steel support 47, and supports the steel support 47 with a gap provided between the steel support 47 and the intermediate steel plate 44, making it possible to slide on the intermediate steel plate 44. There is.

A fixing bolt 49 for coupling with the bridge girder 41 is provided upright on the upper surface of the steel support 47 . The fixing bolts 49 are fixed by providing four bolt holes in the vertical direction from the upper surface of the steel support 47 and twisting them into female threads cut on the inner peripheral surface. Further, a shear key 50 is provided at the center of the steel support 47 so as to protrude upward from the top surface. The shearing key 50 is a convex portion having a cross-shaped planar shape, as shown in FIG.
The concrete bridge girder 41 is formed by pouring concrete in close contact with the upper surface of the steel support 47 and embedding the fixing bolts 49 and shear keys 50 therein.

The oil damper 46 has a cylinder 51 fixed to a steel support 47 with bolts 52, similar to the bridge support shown in FIGS. It is fixed to an intermediate steel plate 44.

Such bridge bearings can be used for concrete bridges, and can be particularly suitably employed to support continuous concrete girders to which prestressing is introduced.
The length of the concrete bridge girder 41 contracts as prestress is introduced. Further, even after the prestress is introduced, the bridge girder 41 continues to shrink due to creep and drying shrinkage. In order to alleviate the horizontal force acting on the substructure due to the contraction of the bridge girder 41, the bridge bearings shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 can be employed in conjunction with the laminated rubber bearings as in the bridge shown in FIG. 4. can.

Since the shrinkage of the concrete bridge girder due to the introduction of prestress and the shrinkage of the bridge girder due to creep and drying shrinkage proceed slowly, the movable bearing 45 fixed to the bridge girder 41 slides on the intermediate steel plate 44, and at this time oil The damper 46 does not impose a large resistance on the sliding movement of the movable support portion 45. Therefore, no large horizontal force is applied to the substructure due to contraction of the bridge girder 41. When horizontal force acts on the bridge girder 41 during an earthquake, the horizontal force acts in a distributed manner on multiple supports, similar to the bridge shown in Figure 4, and is concentrated on one substructure. can be avoided.

FIG. 7 is a front view and a plan view showing a bridge support according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a side view, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view.
This bridge support includes a laminated rubber bearing part 61 having the same structure as the bridge bearing shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, an intermediate steel plate 62 fixed on the laminated rubber bearing part 61, and In this bridge support, a cylinder 65 of an oil damper 64 is fixed to an intermediate steel plate 62, and a movable support part 63 is supported so as to be movable in the axial direction of the bridge girder. A piston 66 is connected via a rod 67 to a steel bearing 71 of the movable bearing 63.

The cylinder 65 of the oil damper 64 is fixed to a rectangular notch provided in the intermediate steel plate 62. As shown in FIG. 8, the cylinder 65 is provided with a mounting portion 68 extending from the bottom in the axial direction of the cylinder. They abut and are fixed by bolts 69. On the other hand, the upper part of the cylinder 65 is provided with a side restraint part 70 that protrudes in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 65, and a notch provided along the side edge of the steel support body 71 of the movable support part 63. protruding into the part. The lateral restraining portions 70 are in contact with or close to the vertical and horizontal surfaces within the notch, restraining the steel support 71 from displacing in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the bridge girder 72, and at the same time restraining the upward lifting force. It functions as a side block to prevent it from rising when desired.

A rod 67 extending from both sides of the piston 66, which is movable in the axial direction within the cylinder 65, protrudes outside the cylinder, and its tip portion is connected to a connecting member 73, and the connecting member 73 is connected to the steel support 71. It is fixed with bolts 74.

Such bridge bearings can also be used in the same way as the bridge bearings shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and when the supported bridge girder 72 moves slowly in the axial direction due to temperature changes, slides on the intermediate steel plate 62. At this time, the viscous oil flows slowly within the cylinder 65 as the piston 66 moves, and no large horizontal force is applied to the laminated rubber support 75. When a sudden horizontal force is applied due to an earthquake or the like, the viscous oil in the cylinder 65 cannot flow rapidly, and the horizontal force is transmitted from the intermediate steel plate 62 to the laminated rubber support 75 and the substructure. Therefore, the horizontal force acting on the bridge girder 72 is distributed to the plurality of supports and transmitted to the substructure.

The bridge support and bridge described above are embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be implemented by appropriately changing the form within the scope of the present invention. can do.
For example, in the above embodiment, an oil damper is used as the viscous damper, but a viscous damper that uses the viscosity of the fluid to apply resistance to a plate-like object, a rod-like object, etc. that moves in a viscous fluid contained in a container may also be used. It can also be used.
In addition, in the above embodiment, the movable bearing part has a rubber bearing fitted into a recess provided on the lower surface of the steel bearing, but the movable bearing is not limited to this form. A structure that allows movement in the axial direction of the bridge girder can be appropriately adopted. Furthermore, the structure for attaching the oil damper or the viscous damper to the movable support and the intermediate steel plate can be appropriately designed.

The bridge bearings shown in Figures 7 to 9 support steel girders, but the steel bearings of the movable bearings have the same structure as the bridge bearings shown in Figures 5 and 6. It can be used to support concrete bridge girders.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the bridge of the present invention uses a laminated rubber bearing approximately in the center of the entire length of the bridge girder, and the bearings of the present invention, which include a movable bearing part and a laminated rubber bearing part, are arranged from the center to both ends. However, the position where the laminated rubber bearing is used is not limited to the vicinity of the center of the overall length, but can also be used at the end or on the pier near the end.
Further, instead of using only one laminated rubber bearing, it is also possible to use it on two or three adjacent substructures, and the other bearings can be made into composite bearings having a movable bearing part and a laminated rubber bearing part. In such bridges, horizontal shear deformation occurs in the laminated rubber bearings due to expansion and contraction of the bridge girder between the laminated rubber bearings, and a horizontal force acts on the substructure. It becomes a structure.

1: Bridge abutment, 2: Bridge girder, 2a: Lower flange of bridge girder, 3: Laminated rubber bearing, 4: Laminated rubber bearing, 5: Intermediate steel plate, 6: Movable bearing, 7: Oil damper, 8: Steel substrate, 9: Anchor bolt, 10: Steel plate, 11: Lowermost steel plate, 12: Steel support, 12a: Recess provided in steel support, 13: Rubber support, 14: Sole plate, 15: Upper fixing bolt, 16: Shear key, 16a: Cylindrical part of shear key, 16b: Expanded diameter part of shear key, 17: Steel plate embedded in rubber support, 18: Steel ring embedded in rubber support, 19: Cylinder, 20 ; Piston, 20a: Small hole provided in the piston, 21: Overhanging fixing part, 22: Side block, 23: Bolt for fixing the side block, 24: Bolt for fixing the cylinder to the steel support, 25: Rod,
30: Bridge, 31: Bridge girder,
41: Concrete bridge girder, 42: Laminated rubber bearing, 43: Laminated rubber bearing, 44: Intermediate steel plate, 45: Movable bearing, 46: Oil damper, 47: Steel bearing, 48: Rubber bearing, 49: fixing bolt, 50: shear key, 51: cylinder, 52: bolt fixing the cylinder, 53: piston, 54: rod, 55: side block,
61: Laminated rubber bearing part, 62: Intermediate steel plate, 63: Movable bearing part, 64: Oil damper, 65: Cylinder, 66: Piston, 67: Rod, 68: Cylinder attachment part, 69: Cylinder attachment bolt, 70 : Side restraint part projecting from the cylinder, 71: Steel support, 72: Bridge girder, 73: Connecting member, 74: Bolt for fixing the connecting member to the steel support, 75: Laminated rubber support,
A1: first abutment, A2: second abutment, P1: first pier, P2: second pier, P3: third pier,
S1: Composite bearing having a laminated rubber bearing part and a movable bearing part, S2: Laminated rubber bearing

In order to solve the above problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a bridge support that is installed on a bridge pier or abutment and supports a bridge girder, comprising a laminated rubber support, and that is installed on the bridge pier or abutment. a laminated rubber bearing part to which the lower side is fixed; an intermediate steel plate fixed on the laminated rubber bearing part; and a movable bearing part supported on the intermediate steel plate so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the bridge girder. ,
a viscous damper that provides resistance to relative displacement in the axial direction of the bridge girder that occurs between the intermediate steel plate and the movable support part, and the viscous damper is arranged in a cylinder filled with viscous fluid. For bridges, the viscous fluid is an oil damper in which the viscous fluid provides resistance to the reciprocating movement of a piston in a container, or a viscous damper in which the viscous fluid provides resistance to the movement of a plate or rod in a container containing the viscous fluid. Provide support.

The invention according to claim 3 is a bridge having a bridge girder that is supported by a plurality of supports provided on a pier or an abutment and continuous over a plurality of spans, wherein one or more of the plurality of supports supporting the bridge girder Adjacent 2 or 3 supports are laminated rubber bearings having a laminated rubber support whose lower side is fixed to the pier or abutment and whose upper side is fixed to the bridge girder. A composite bearing having a laminated rubber bearing fixed to the pier or abutment, and a movable bearing that can slide in the axial direction of the bridge girder on the laminated rubber bearing, The bearing part has a viscous damper that provides resistance to relative movement in the axial direction of the bridge girder with respect to the laminated rubber bearing part, and the viscous damper is arranged in a cylinder filled with viscous fluid. Provided is a bridge that is an oil damper in which the viscous fluid provides resistance to the reciprocating movement of a piston, or a viscous damper in which the viscous fluid provides resistance to the movement of a plate or rod in a container containing the viscous fluid. It is something to do.

Claims (4)

A bridge support that is installed on a bridge pier or abutment and supports a bridge girder,
A laminated rubber support part comprising a laminated rubber support body, the lower side of which is fixed onto the bridge pier or abutment;
an intermediate steel plate fixed on the laminated rubber support;
a movable support supported on the intermediate steel plate so as to be movable in the axial direction of the bridge girder;
A bridge support comprising: a viscous damper that provides resistance to relative displacement in the axial direction of the bridge girder that occurs between the intermediate steel plate and the movable support part. The movable support part is
a rubber support having a sliding layer on the lower surface;
a steel support that is fixed to the bridge girder and supported on the rubber support, including a recess into which the upper part of the rubber support is fitted upward from the bottom surface;
2. The bridge support according to claim 1, wherein the viscous damper is attached to provide resistance to relative displacement occurring between the steel support and the intermediate steel plate. A bridge supported by a plurality of supports provided on a pier or abutment, and having a continuous bridge girder over a plurality of spans,
One or two or three adjacent supports of the plurality of supports supporting the bridge girder are laminated rubber bearings having a laminated rubber support whose lower side is fixed to the bridge pier or abutment and whose upper side is fixed to the bridge girder,
The supports other than the laminated rubber bearings are composites having a laminated rubber bearing portion whose lower side is fixed to the bridge pier or abutment, and a movable bearing portion that is movable in the axial direction of the bridge girder on the laminated rubber bearing portion. It is a support,
A bridge characterized in that the composite bearing includes a viscous damper that provides resistance to the movement of the movable bearing part in the axial direction of the bridge girder relative to the laminated rubber bearing part. 4. The laminated rubber bearing of the laminated rubber bearing is capable of shearing in the horizontal direction more flexibly than the laminated rubber bearing of the laminated rubber bearing of the composite bearing. bridge.

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