JP2023150372A - waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

To shorten a period of time required for treatment of organic waste including moisture.SOLUTION: Waste treatment equipment comprises: a processing part 3 that molds organic waste 2, including moisture, into an approximately cylindrical pellet form, an approximately spherical pellet form, a perforated briquette form, or a perforated sheet form; and a treatment part 4 that applies at least any one of drying treatment, carbonization and cooling treatment to a molding molded by the processing part 3. The treatment part 4 induces gas for treatment to the molding, and passes the gas through the molding.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus for treating organic waste, and particularly to a waste treatment apparatus for treating organic waste containing water.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, organic waste containing water, such as food waste and livestock manure, has been shaped and carbonized for reuse (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Patent Document 1 discloses a waste treatment device that obtains charred material as biomass fuel by pulverizing, drying, granulating, carbonizing, and cooling organic waste.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-039857

In conventional waste treatment equipment, organic waste is dried in a furnace that circulates heated air, the dried material is carbonized in an air-blocked furnace, and the charred material is cooled by blowing cold air through a cooling device. However, conventional waste treatment apparatuses have a problem in that they require long drying times, carbonization times, and cooling times, and are inefficient.

The present invention aims to improve the current situation by shortening the time required to treat organic waste containing water.

The waste treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a processing section that forms organic waste containing water or a processed material thereof into a substantially cylindrical pellet shape, a substantially spherical pellet shape, a perforated briquette shape, or a perforated sheet shape; a processing section that performs at least one of drying treatment, carbonization treatment, and cooling treatment on the molded article formed in the section, and the treatment section induces and ventilates a processing gas to the molded article. It is.

Here, the organic waste includes, for example, organic waste containing moisture such as food waste, livestock manure, disposable diapers, and sludge. Further, the above-mentioned treated organic waste includes an organic decomposition product obtained by treating such organic waste with, for example, subcritical water treatment.

In the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the organic waste is formed into a substantially cylindrical pellet shape or the like in the processing section to increase the surface area of the formed product. In addition, the waste treatment apparatus induces drying gas, oxygen-free gas (low-oxygen gas may also be used), and cooling gas as processing gas to the molded article (workpiece) in the treatment section. Ventilate. Thereby, the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention can efficiently bring the processing gas into contact with the molded article, and can significantly shorten the drying time, carbonization time, and drying time. Note that part or all of the processing gas that has been induced to pass through the object to be processed may be circulated so as to come into contact with the object to be processed again.

In addition, the volume of shaped and dried organic waste is smaller than before treatment, and the odor is also reduced. Therefore, compared to the case of storing organic waste containing water, it is possible to store it for a longer period of time, and the storage space can be reduced. By managing and storing the shaped and dried organic waste until a certain amount has accumulated, it is possible to reduce the frequency of transporting the organic waste to a garbage disposal site, which is both economical and environmentally friendly. kind. For example, there will no longer be a need for daily collection and transportation at restaurants and food factories. It also eliminates the need for storage refrigerators for food waste at supermarkets and other facilities (saving electricity costs). Furthermore, even if the waste is incinerated after drying, it can reduce fuel costs and generate less exhaust gas, reducing the burden compared to food waste that contains a lot of moisture.

The present invention can shorten the time required to treat organic waste containing water.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the basic configuration of an embodiment of a waste treatment device. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a drying device that is a first example of a processing section. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the drying device. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2. FIG. It is an explanatory view showing a cross-sectional structure in the front direction of a drying device which is a second example of a processing section. It is an explanatory view showing the cross-sectional structure of the same drying device in the side direction. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a garbage processing device that is a first example of a processing section and a third example of a processing section. It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the garbage storage container after carrying out the compression process and the hole punching process. FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the dot-dash line circle portion in FIG. 8; It is a schematic block diagram of the garbage processing apparatus which is a 2nd example of a processing part, and a 4th example of a processing part. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the 5th example of a processing part. It is a schematic side view which shows the shaping|molding apparatus which is a 3rd example of a processing part with a part cut away. It is a schematic plan view showing the same molding device with a portion cut away. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the discharge amount adjusting section at the BB position in FIG. 13. FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a first configuration example for molding and drying organic waste. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the 2nd structural example which shapes and dries organic waste. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the 3rd structural example which shapes and dries organic waste. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the 4th structural example which shapes and dries organic waste. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the 5th structural example which shapes and dries organic waste. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the 6th structural example which shapes and dries organic waste. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the 7th structural example which shapes and dries organic waste. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the 8th structural example which shapes and dries organic waste. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the 9th structural example which shapes and dries organic waste. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a first configuration example of a waste treatment device that reduces the volume and carbonizes waste plastic. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the 2nd structural example of the waste processing apparatus which volume-reduces and carbonizes waste plastic. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the 3rd structural example of the waste processing apparatus which volume-reduces and carbonizes waste plastic.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the basic configuration of an embodiment of a waste treatment apparatus.

[Basic configuration]
The waste processing apparatus 1 forms a target object 2 such as organic waste or its processed material into a substantially cylindrical pellet shape in a processing section 3, and then subjects the formed product to drying, carbonization, and cooling processing in a processing section 4. Go there and get carbide.

The processing unit 3 forms the object 2 into a substantially cylindrical pellet shape, a substantially spherical pellet shape, a perforated briquette shape, or a perforated sheet shape to increase the surface area of the target object 2. Note that the processing section 3 may include, in addition to a forming section that molds the object 2, a moisture adjustment section that adjusts the moisture contained in the object 2, a sorting section that sorts (classifies) the object 2, etc. I do not care.

The processing section 4 includes a drying section 5, a carbonizing section 6, and a cooling section 7. The drying section 5 dries the molded product formed in the processing section 3 by introducing a drying gas (for example, air) into the molded product. The molded product has a larger surface area than before molding. Further, the drying section 5 induces and aerates drying gas to the molded product. Induced ventilation can increase the gas flow rate that comes into contact with the object compared to ventilation in which processing gas is sprayed. Thereby, the time required for the drying process can be significantly shortened.

The carbonization section 6 carbonizes the dried material obtained in the drying section 5 while introducing and aerating superheated steam (any oxygen-free gas) in an oxygen-free state. The cooling section 7 cools the carbide obtained in the carbonization section 6 by introducing a cooling gas (for example, nitrogen gas) into the carbide. The dried material or carbide processed in the carbonization section 6 and the cooling section 7 generally maintains the shape after being formed in the processing section 3, and has a large surface area. Then, the carbonization section 6 and the cooling section 7 induce and vent superheated steam or cooling gas to the object to be treated. Thereby, the processing time for carbonization treatment and cooling treatment can be significantly shortened.

Note that in each of the drying section 5, carbonization section 6, and cooling section 7, the processing gas that has been induced to aerate to the object to be treated may be induced to aerate to the object again, that is, the processing gas may be circulated. In this case, the processing gas for circulation may be circulated in a closed system during processing, or may be partially replaced with processing gas from outside. Of course, the processing gas may be supplied from outside without being circulated.

Further, in the drying section 5, a cooling type moisture removal device may be provided between the object and the attracting means (suction fan). According to such a configuration, the flow of the processing gas that contacts the object can be increased by reducing the volume of the processing gas containing moisture using the moisture removal device, thereby improving the drying efficiency.

Note that the processing section 4 of the waste treatment device 1 includes a drying section 5, a carbonization section 6, and a cooling section 7, and one or more of the drying section 5, carbonization section 6, and cooling section 7 It does not matter if the configuration does not include the following. For example, the processing section 4 may be configured to dry the molded product obtained in the processing section 3 to obtain feed or fertilizer. Furthermore, the processing section 4 may be configured to perform a drying process and a carbonization process (and a cooling process) on the molded product obtained in the processing section 3.

Next, an example of the mechanism of each part of the waste treatment apparatus 1 will be explained. Note that the mechanisms of the processing section 3 and the processing section 4 (drying section 5, carbonization section 6, cooling section 7) are not limited to the example of the mechanism described below.

[First example of common mechanism of drying section, carbonization section, and cooling section]
2 to 4 are diagrams for explaining a drying device as a first example of a mechanism of a processing section. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the drying device. FIG. 3 is a side view of the drying device. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. The mechanism of this drying device can also be applied to the carbonization section 6 and the cooling section 7.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the drying device 100 includes a sieve 130 including a flat screen 132 on which molded products 9 formed from organic waste are placed, and a screen 132 surrounding the plurality of molded products 9. The suction mechanism 110 generates wind from above to below.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the suction mechanism 110 includes a table 111 including a flat plate part 111a having a vertically extending through hole 111h, and leg parts 111b supporting the flat plate part 111a. The suction mechanism 110 includes a suction duct 113 connected to the lower surface of the flat plate portion 111a, and a suction fan 112 connected to the suction duct 113. By driving the suction fan 112, a wind (flow of gas) is generated from above to below, as shown by the white arrow in FIG.

A plurality of protrusions 114 are provided on the upper surface of the flat plate portion 111a of the table 111 to fit into a plurality of engagement holes 133 provided on the lower surface of the frame 131 of the sieve 130. The protrusion 114 and the engagement hole 133 are used to align the flat plate portion 111a of the suction mechanism 110 and the sieve 130. By placing the frame 131 of the sieve 130 on the flat plate part 111a while aligning the projections 114 and the engagement holes 133, the sieve 130 and the suction mechanism 110 are connected without any gap on the flat plate part 111a. .

The sieve 130 includes an annular frame 131 and a flat net 132 forming a bottom inside the frame 131. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the sieves 130 are stacked in multiple stages. Specifically, the upper surface of the frame 131 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 114 that correspond to the engagement holes 133 of other sieves 130. By placing the frame 131 of the upper sieve 130 on the frame 131 of the lower sieve 130 while aligning the projections 114 and the engagement holes 133 of the upper and lower sieves 130 having the same structure. , the two upper and lower frames 131 are connected without any gap.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in the sieve 130 located on the lower side, the space inside the frame 131 and above the mesh 132 is connected to the space inside the suction duct 113 through the mesh of the mesh 132. . Therefore, by driving the suction fan 112, wind is generated that passes from above to below the space above the screen 132 and inside the frame 131 of the sieve 130 located on the lower side. That is, in the sieve 130 located on the lower side, air in the space inside the frame 131 and above the mesh 132 is sucked through the mesh of the mesh 132.

The space inside the frame 131 of the sieve 130 located on the upper side and above the mesh 132 is passed through the mesh of this mesh 132, and the space inside the frame 131 of the sieve 130 located on the lower side and above the mesh 132 is It is connected to Therefore, by driving the suction fan 112, wind is generated that passes from above to below the space above the screen 132 and inside the frame 131 of the sieve 130 located on the upper side. That is, in the sieve 130 located on the upper side, air in the space inside the frame 131 and above the screen 132 is sucked through the mesh of the screen 132.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a plurality of molded products 9 are placed on the net 132. In this embodiment, the molded product 9 is a substantially cylindrical pellet. The molded articles 9 are cut to a predetermined length and arranged along the mesh of the net 132. The mesh 132 is made by arranging metal horizontal lines and vertical lines at right angles and welding the intersection points, and the upper wire rod 132a extends in a direction that intersects a plurality of lower wire rods 132b. The molded product 9 is arranged between the upper wire rods 132a adjacent to each other along the direction in which the upper wire rods 132a extend, and is arranged so as to straddle the plurality of lower wire rods 132b. As a result, rolling of the substantially cylindrical molded products 9 is suppressed, and an appropriate gap is formed between adjacent molded products 9.

The drying device 100 can quickly dry the plurality of molded objects 9 by generating (induced ventilation) wind around the plurality of molded objects 9 from above the net 132 to the downward direction using the suction mechanism 110 . Moreover, by sucking gas (for example, air) through the net 132 using the suction mechanism 110, the molded article 9 can be adsorbed to the net 132, and it is possible to suppress the molded article 9 from being scattered by the wind during drying. .

In addition, in order to improve drying efficiency, warm air or hot air may be induced to be ventilated. For example, a heat source such as a halogen heater may be placed above the top sieve 130. Further, a cooling device may be connected to the flow path between the suction fan 112 and the suction duct 113. Thereby, the volume of air containing moisture evaporated from the molded product 9 can be reduced by the cooling device, and the flow of air passing through the sieve 130 can be increased, so that drying efficiency can be improved. Further, the length of each molded product 9 is not particularly limited, and may be a little shorter than one side of the frame 131, for example.

The structure of the drying device 100 can be applied to the carbonization section 6 and the cooling section 7 as long as the processing gas can be induced and vented in an oxygen-free state.

[Second example of common mechanism of drying section, carbonization section, and cooling section]
5 and 6 are diagrams for explaining a drying device as a second example of the mechanism of the processing section. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of the drying device in the front direction. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of the drying device in the side direction. The mechanism of this drying device can also be applied to the carbonization section 6 and the cooling section 7.

The drying device 201 dries the molded product 9 formed from organic waste. The molded product 9 is a pellet formed into a spherical shape of an organic decomposed product obtained by treating organic waste such as food waste or used disposable diapers with subcritical water.

As shown in FIG. 5, the drying device 201 includes a drying object moving path 202 along which the molded product 9 moves, and the drying object is inputted from a drying object input port 203 configured as a prismatic funnel type input section. The molded product 9 is dried while passing through a path 202, and is taken out from a dried material take-out port 205 configured as a chute take-out part.

A suction mechanism 207 for suctioning the ambient atmosphere from the ambient atmosphere section 206 at room temperature is provided at the upper side of the drying object movement path 202, and between the environmental atmosphere section 206 and the suction mechanism 207, the drying object movement path is provided. A room-temperature suction type drying section 202a is provided in which a part of the molded article 202 is disposed to dry the molded product 9 with drying suction air generated by the suction mechanism 207. Further, a hot air drying section 202b is provided at the downstream side of the room temperature suction type drying section 202a in the drying object moving path 202, which applies heating hot air to the molded product 9 and dries the drying object with the heating hot air. It is being

The room-temperature suction type drying section 202a includes four belt-type conveyors 209 and a suction mechanism 207 that supplies drying suction air to the molded product 9 that moves on the conveyor 209. As shown in FIG. 6, the above-mentioned suction mechanism 207 includes a suction port 210 provided on the first side portion 208 of the device body for suctioning the environmental atmosphere from the ambient temperature region 206, and a suction port 210 provided at the lower end of the suction port 210. It is comprised of a ventilation port 210a provided on the second side 208a of the device main body on the opposite side of the suction port 210, and two suction fans 211. The air outlet of this suction fan 211 is along the main body of the device. Here, each of the above-mentioned conveyors 209 is associated with a pair of suction fans 211, and the fans 211 blow drying suction air around the molded products 9 moving on the conveyor 209. The molded product 9 is dried by the drying suction air.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing how the drying suction air is formed by the suction fan 211. In FIG. 5, the conveyance path of the molded product 9 is shown by arrow A, and in FIG. 6, the path of the drying suction air is shown by arrow B. Further, the speed of this drying suction air can be appropriately designed depending on the configuration of the flow path and the settings of the fan 211. The mechanism that determines the flow rate of the suction air for drying in this manner is referred to as a suction air flow rate setting mechanism.

Next, the hot air drying section 202b will be explained. The hot air drying section 202b is a section that dries the molded product 9 dried in the above-mentioned normal temperature suction type drying section 202a using hot air for heating to a moisture content that does not easily cause spoilage. This hot air drying section 202b basically has the same configuration as the above-mentioned normal temperature suction type drying section 202a, but in the above configuration, heating hot air It is configured to include a burner 212 for the purpose of generating. That is, a pair of conveyors 209 at the last stage constituting the conveyance path of the molded product 9 are assigned, and a burner 212 is provided on the upstream side of the flow path of the hot air for heating via this conveyor 209. The structure is such that the hot air for heating hits the molded product 9. After drying, the molded product 9 is taken out from the dried product outlet 205 in a natural fall state. A suction mechanism corresponding to this part is indicated by reference numeral 207.

The above is the configuration of the drying device 201, and the drying device 201 is provided with a normal temperature suction type drying section 202a and a hot air drying section 202b along the drying target moving path 202. In the room-temperature suction type drying section 202a, the suction mechanism 207 suctions the environmental atmosphere from the environmental atmosphere part 206 which is in the room temperature state, and the molded product 9 (the object to be dried) is dried by this suctioned atmosphere. be exposed. Therefore, in this region, suction air flows around the periphery of the molded product 9, which is the object to be dried. Here, this suction air is at almost room temperature, and as a result, a temperature gradient is formed between the inside and outside of the molded object 9, creating a situation in which moisture inside the object tends to come out to the surface side. do.

Therefore, in this situation, drying of the molded product 9 by the suction air is accelerated in the object placement area (conveyor 209) which is at room temperature and under a somewhat reduced pressure state, and the drying speed becomes faster than natural drying. As a result, drying can be carried out at approximately room temperature without heating, and no odor is generated due to heating. On the other hand, in the hot air drying section 202b, the object to be dried, which has been dried to a predetermined state in the normal temperature suction type drying section 202a and has a reduced moisture content, is dried by heating with hot air. In this case, since the amount of water contained in the molded product 9 is relatively small, the heat held in the hot air works effectively to heat the molded product 9 itself, and the molded product 9 can be molded with a relatively small amount of hot air. It is possible to dry the material 9 to around a drying range (for example, a moisture content of 7%) that does not cause spoilage.

The drying device 201 can proceed with drying by combining normal temperature suction drying and heating drying while reducing the energy required for drying and reducing the odor generated. Furthermore, the drying device 201 can increase the drying speed by drying the molded product 9 by induction. In addition, by introducing and venting a large amount of drying gas to the molded product 9, odor components released from the molded product 9 are diluted, so that odor countermeasures can be reduced.

For example, if the molded products 9 before drying lose their shape when piled up, the molded products 9 may be mounted on the first conveyor 209 of the multi-stage conveyor 209 so as not to overlap each other. In this case, the surface of the molded article 9 may be dried and hardened during conveyance on the first-stage conveyor 209, so that the shape of the conveyor 209 does not collapse during conveyance on the second-stage and subsequent conveyors 209. Further, the conveyor speed of the second and subsequent conveyors 209 may be slower than that of the first conveyor 209 to convey the molded products 9 so as to overlap each other. Thereby, the processing capacity of the drying device 201 can be significantly improved.

Note that the configuration of the drying device 201 can be applied to the carbonization section 6 and the cooling section 7 as long as the processing gas can be induced and vented in an oxygen-free state.

[First example of processing section and third example of common mechanism of drying section, carbonization section, and cooling section]
FIGS. 7 to 9 are schematic configuration diagrams of a garbage processing apparatus that is a first example of a processing section and a third example of a processing section. In this example, a garbage disposal device 401 is applied to a household sink 400.

This food waste processing device 401 includes a food waste crusher 402 that crushes food waste, a three-way valve 403 that switches the discharge path of food waste or sewage by the action of a valve, and a food waste drying section 404 that dehydrates and air-dries the food waste. The operation unit (not shown) provided at the upper front of the sink 400 controls the garbage crusher 402, the three-way valve 403, the circulation fan 424, and the motor for the lifting section of the garbage drying section 404 (not shown). ) and a shutter motor (not shown) are controlled.

The garbage pulverizer 402 has a known configuration, and includes a pulverizer 408 equipped with a pulverizer for pulverizing the garbage into a predetermined size, and a pulverizer motor 409 for driving the pulverizer. Most of the water in plants and animals is inside the cells, and when they dry, they come out through the cell membrane and dry out. Therefore, by crushing the garbage in the crushing section 408 and destroying the cell membranes, drying of the crushed garbage can be accelerated.

The crushing section 408 has a circular upper opening to receive food waste, and the upper end of the opening 408a is fixed to the input port 410a of the sink 410, and the discharge port 408b of the crushing section 408 is connected to the three-way valve 403. One end of an extending guide hose 411 is attached. Further, the crusher motor 409 is electrically connected to the operating section, and is configured to drive when receiving a drive signal from the operating section, and stop driving when receiving a drive stop signal. Note that a garbage passage member 412 made of rubber and cut radially from the center is provided at the opening edge of the input port 410a of the sink 410, so that garbage and water can pass through the input port of the sink 410 during garbage crushing. This prevents the particles from scattering upward from 410a.

The three-way valve 403 is a so-called electromagnetic valve that opens an on-off valve (not shown) provided inside by the action of electromagnetic force, and is composed of a valve body 413 and a valve control section 414.

This valve body 413 includes a guide hose 411 whose other end is attached to the garbage crusher 402, a hose 415 whose other end extends to the garbage drying section 404, and a drainage hose whose other end is attached to a drain pipe 417. 416 are provided on the peripheral surface or the bottom surface in a manner extending in three directions, respectively. The guide hose 411 and the hose 415 or the drain hose 416 are switchably connected to each other by the action of an on-off valve (not shown) provided inside the valve body 413.

Further, the valve control section 414 is electrically coupled to the operation section, and controls an on-off valve inside the valve body 413 based on a signal transmitted from the operation section. That is, when a drive signal is received from the operating section, the on-off valve is controlled to bring the guide hose 411 and the hose 415 into communication so that the crushed food waste can be transported to the food waste drying section 404. When the stop signal is received, the on-off valve is controlled to bring the guide hose 411 and the drain hose 416 into communication, so that the waste water can flow through the drain hose 416 to the drain pipe 417. Note that the drain pipe 417 is provided with a check valve 418 to prevent backflow of sewage.

The food waste drying section 404 includes a box-shaped base 419, a food waste container 420 for storing food waste, and a food waste container 425 of the food waste container 420. It is composed of a compression section 421 that dehydrates, a skewer section 422 that forms a large number of rod-shaped holes in the lump A of food waste, and an elevating section (not shown) that raises and lowers the compression section 421 and the skewer section 422.

The base 419 is for arranging the garbage storage section 420, the compression section 421, the skewer section 422, and the elevating section at predetermined locations, and is made of a box-shaped stainless steel container. A drain pipe 417 and a circulation fan 424 are mounted on the lower circumferential surface of the base 419 at opposing positions, and wastewater dehydrated from garbage is drained from the drain pipe 417 to the outside of the base 419. Further, the air passes through the air circulation tube 419a connected to the circulation fan 424 at one end, and is then discharged to the hose 415 connected to the other end of the air circulation tube 419a, and is discharged into the base 419. cycle. Note that the circulation fan 424 is installed at a relatively higher position than the drain pipe 417 to ensure that the waste water dehydrated from garbage flows into the drain pipe 417 and does not flow into the circulation fan 424.

The food waste storage section 420 includes a drawer (not shown) that can be slid back and forth at the center of the base 419 and is provided with a food waste storage container 425 for storing food waste. The garbage storage container 425 is a stainless steel container having a rectangular shape in plan view with an opening on the top surface, and has a number of mesh holes 425a in its side wall, and a number of skewer insertion holes 428 in its bottom wall for inserting skewers (described later). A hole is formed corresponding to the position of the skewer 436 of the portion 422. Additionally, outwardly extending annular collars 425b and 425c are provided at the upper and lower ends of the garbage storage container 425, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 8, a resin board 427 having the same planar shape as the bottom wall is attached to the back surface of the bottom wall of the garbage storage container 425, and a skewer insertion hole 428 is also formed in the resin board 427. It is set up. Therefore, when the resin board 427 of the garbage storage container 425 is fitted into the container mounting hole 430a provided in the bottom plate 430 of the drawer, the annular flange 425c of the garbage storage container 425 fits into the periphery of the container mounting hole 430a. The food waste storage container 425 can be placed in a predetermined position in the drawer.

In addition, at the center of the upper surface of the bottom wall of the garbage storage container 425, a garbage infiltration prevention material 429, which has a diameter larger than the skewer 436 of the skewer part 422 and has the same height as the peripheral wall of the garbage storage container 425, stands upward. It is provided. According to this, when the compression plate 434 of the compression unit 421 compresses the garbage in the garbage storage container 425 as described later, the garbage infiltration prevention material 429 is inserted into the hose 415 attached to the center of the compression plate 434. Since it is inserted, garbage can be prevented from entering the hose 415 during compression.

Further, on the inner surface of the side wall of the garbage storage container 425, a drain shutter 482 having a plurality of drain holes 482a is slidably provided. By sliding back and forth along the inner surface of the side wall of the garbage container 425, the draining shutter 482 peels off the garbage adhering to the inner surface of the side wall of the garbage container 425 at the peripheral edge of the drain hole 482a. , it is possible to prevent the mesh holes 425a from being clogged with garbage.

The compression section 421 includes a compression section slide plate 432 that is rectangular in plan view, a compression plate fixing tube 433 provided in a manner extending downward from the slide plate 432, and a lower end of the compression plate fixing tube 433. It consists of a compressed plate 434. This compression plate 434 is formed to have the same planar shape as the food waste container 425 in order to compress the food waste in the food waste container 425, and corresponds to the position of the skewer 436 of the skewer portion 422. A second skewer insertion hole 434c is formed in the center, and a garbage inlet 434b is provided in the center, and one end of the hose 415 is attached to the garbage inlet 434b.

The compression part 421 is provided so as to be movable up and down while maintaining a horizontal state by a drive mechanism (not shown). When the compression part 421 descends, it compresses the food waste in the food waste storage container 425, and is configured to remove part of the moisture contained in the food waste.

The skewer portion 422 includes a slide plate 435 for the skewer portion that is rectangular in plan view, and a large number of skewers 436 that are provided in a manner that rises upward from the slide plate 435. The skewer 436 has an outer diameter that is approximately the same as the diameter of the skewer insertion hole 428 of the garbage container 425, and is formed at approximately the same height as the peripheral wall of the garbage container 425.

The skewer part 422 is provided so as to be movable up and down while maintaining a horizontal state by a drive mechanism (not shown). That is, when the skewer portion 422 rises, the skewer 436 also rises, and after passing through the skewer insertion hole 428 in the bottom plate of the food waste container 425, the food waste stored in the food waste container 425 is further removed. A large number of rod-shaped holes 437 are formed in the lump A of garbage by piercing it through the lump A. When the skewer portion 422 descends, the skewer 436 also descends and is pulled out from the garbage mass A, leaving a hollow hole 437 in the garbage mass A.

Then, in the later stage of drying the food waste, part of the moisture contained in the food waste evaporates from the entire surface of the rod-shaped hole 437, as shown in FIG. Since it dries not only the outside surface but also the inside, the entire garbage can be efficiently dried.

In this embodiment, the height of the skewer 436 of the skewer portion 422 is set to be the same height as the peripheral wall of the garbage storage container 425, and the skewer 436 penetrates the lump A of garbage, but the skewer portion 422 is not limited to this. The height of the skewer 436 may be set lower than the height of the peripheral wall of the garbage storage container 425, and the skewer 436 may come to an end halfway inside the garbage lump A and be pulled out.

The food waste processing steps performed by the food waste processing apparatus 401 configured as described above will be explained one by one. When the garbage is crushed and put into the garbage storage container 425, the crusher motor 409 of the garbage crusher 402 is driven, and the crushing cutter of the crushing section 408 is rotated, so that the garbage can be crushed. becomes. The valve control section 414 of the three-way valve 403 controls the on-off valve in the valve body 413, so that the guide hose 411 and the hose 415 communicate with each other, and the crushed food waste can be transported to the food waste drying section 404.

Further, by a drive mechanism (not shown), the compressing section 421 is slightly lowered while maintaining the horizontal state, and the compressing plate 434 of the compressing section 421 closes the opening of the garbage storage container 425. On the other hand, by a drive mechanism (not shown), the skewer part 422 is slightly raised while maintaining the horizontal state, and the tip of the skewer 436 of the skewer part 422 enters the resin board 427 of the skewer insertion hole 428 of the garbage storage container 425. Then, the skewer insertion hole 428 is closed.

In this state, when food waste is mixed with water and put into the input port 410a of the sink 410, the food waste is crushed into a predetermined size by the food waste crusher 402, and then guided from the food waste crusher 402. The garbage passes through the hose 411, the three-way valve 403, and the hose 415 in this order and is stored in the garbage storage container 425. Thereafter, the valve control unit 414 of the three-way valve 403 controls the on-off valve in the valve body 413, so that the guide hose 411 and the drain hose 416 are brought into communication, and the wastewater flows through the drain hose 416 to the drain pipe 417. You will be in a state where you can get it.

When the food waste stored in the food waste storage container 425 is dehydrated and air-dried, the compression part 421 and the skewer part 422 descend or rise while maintaining a horizontal state. Then, the compression plate 434 of the compression unit 421 compresses the lump A of food waste in the food waste storage container 425. The waste water dehydrated from the garbage leaks to the lower part of the base 419 through the mesh hole 425a of the storage container 425, and is drained to the outside of the base 419 from the drain pipe 417.

In addition, in conjunction with the lowering of the compression part 421, the skewer part 422 rises, and after the skewer 436 of the skewer part 422 is inserted into the skewer insertion hole 428 of the bottom plate of the food waste container 425, it is further inserted into the food waste container 425. A large number of rod-shaped holes 437 are formed in the lump A of food waste by piercing through it. At this time, since the upper part of the skewer 436 of the skewer part 422 is inserted through the second skewer insertion hole 434c of the compression plate 434, the compression plate 434 does not prevent the skewer part 422 from rising.

After a certain period of time has elapsed, the compression part 421 rises while maintaining the horizontal state, and the skewer part 422 descends in conjunction with the rise of the compression part 421. The skewer 436 of the skewer part 422 is gradually pulled out from the lump A of food waste, leaving a cavity called a rod-shaped hole 437 as shown in FIG. 8 in the lump A of food waste after shaping.

Note that while the lump A of food waste is being compression-molded, the draining shutter 482 is slid back and forth on the inner surface of the side wall of the food waste container 425 by a drive mechanism (not shown). Therefore, the edge of the drain hole 482a peels off the garbage and moisture adhering to the inner surface of the side wall of the garbage storage container 425, thereby preventing clogging of the mesh hole 425a of the garbage storage container 425 with garbage. It can be prevented.

Next, the garbage lump A is dried by air drying (induced drying). The air in the base 419 is sucked by a circulation fan 424, passes through an air circulation tube 419a connected to the circulation fan 424 at one end, and then is discharged to a hose 415 connected to the other end of the air circulation tube 419a. , circulates back into the base 419 from the input port 434b.

As the air in the base 419 is sucked by the circulation fan 424, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 437, an air flow occurs from top to bottom. As a result, part of the water contained in the food waste evaporates from the entire surface of the rod-shaped hole 437, and the food waste lump A is dried not only from its outer surface but also from the inside. The whole can be dried efficiently. Furthermore, in this embodiment, by compressing the food waste with the compression plate 434, some of the moisture contained in the food waste is squeezed out, so that the food waste can be dried more efficiently.

After that, wait until the food waste inside the food waste storage container 425 has dried, and then slide the drawer (not shown) of the base 419 toward you and take out the food waste storage container 425. The dried garbage mass A can be disposed of in an appropriate location.

In addition, the shaped and dried food waste lump A has a smaller volume and less odor than unprocessed food waste, so it can be stored for a longer period of time compared to storing food waste containing moisture. Not only is this possible, but the storage space can also be reduced. When transporting the raw garbage lump A to a garbage disposal site, etc., by managing and storing the raw garbage lump A until a certain amount has accumulated, the frequency of transportation can be reduced, which is economical as well. Environmentally Friendly.

Note that the configuration of the garbage processing device 401 can also be applied to the carbonization section 6 and the cooling section 7 if the processing gas can be induced and vented in an oxygen-free state.

In addition, a large number of skewers 436 are provided on the lower surface of the compression plate 434 of the compression part 421, and by lowering the compression plate 434, a large number of rod-shaped holes 437 are formed while piercing the lump A of food waste in the food waste storage container 425. At the same time, compression molding may also be performed.

Further, the skewer 436 is provided in the form of a net with a hollow interior, an open base end, and a large number of through holes on the side surface, and the skewer 436 is inserted into the lump A of food waste to attract the lump A. It may be provided to allow drying. That is, the moisture contained in the food waste can be evaporated from a large number of through holes formed in the surface of the mesh-like skewer 436 through the openings in the hollow and base end of the skewer 436.

[Second example of processing section and fourth example of common mechanism of drying section, carbonization section, and cooling section]
FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of a garbage processing apparatus that is a second example of a processing section and a fourth example of a processing section. In this example, a garbage disposal device 501 is applied to a household sink 500.

The food waste processing device 501 has the same configuration as the food waste processing device 401 described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9, and includes a food waste crusher 402 and a food waste drying section 404. The garbage crusher 402 is connected to a garbage storage section 420 in the garbage drying section 404 via a hose 415.

The garbage drying section 404 is connected to an exhaust pipe 513 and a suction fan 514 provided in the middle thereof. A downstream end of the exhaust pipe 513 is connected to the drain pipe 510. The food waste drying section 404 is configured to be able to shape and dry the food waste stored in the food waste storage section 420 in the same manner as the configuration and operation described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9.

The food waste processing device 501 compresses and molds the food waste in the food waste storage section 420 and then discharges the gas in the food waste drying section 404 to the drain pipe 510 by driving the suction fan 514 to accommodate the food waste. Gas (drying gas) can be induced and vented into a large number of rod-shaped holes 437 formed in the shaped garbage lump A (see FIGS. 8 and 9) in the portion 420. Thereby, the entire lump A of garbage can be efficiently dried.

Note that the inflow of gas into the garbage drying section 404 as the gas in the garbage drying section 404 is discharged by the drive of the suction fan 514 is configured to induce gas into the rod-shaped hole 437 of the garbage lump A. Any configuration may be used. For example, when the suction fan 514 is driven, gas in the garbage drying section 404 may be discharged to the exhaust pipe 513, while gas may flow into the garbage drying section 404 from the hose 415.

The garbage disposal device 501 further includes a drain tank 502 that stores the drain liquid from the drain pipe 417. The drain tank 502 is connected to an oil recovery machine 503 that recovers oil contained in the drain liquid. Further, the drain tank 502 is also connected to a drain drain pipe 511 for discharging the drain liquid to a drain pipe 510 when the drain tank 502 is full.

Further, the drain tank 502 is connected to a drain return pipe 504 and a drain pump 505 provided in the middle thereof. The downstream end of the drain liquid return pipe 504 is connected to a three-way valve 506 of an electromagnetic valve type. By driving the drain pump 505 and switching the three-way valve 506, the drain in the drain tank 502 can be sent to the first drain supply pipe 507 or the second drain supply pipe 508.

The downstream end of the first drain supply pipe 507 is connected to a faucet 509 provided at the top of the sink 500. By connecting the drain liquid return pipe 504 to the drain liquid first supply pipe 507 through the three-way valve 506 and driving the drain pump 505, the drain liquid in the drain tank 502 can be supplied from the faucet 509 to the sink 410. . Thereby, when garbage is put into the garbage crusher 402 and crushed, the drained liquid in the drained liquid tank 502 can be used as a liquid for water replenishment.

Note that another liquid supply source (for example, a water pipe) may be connected to the middle part of the first drained liquid supply pipe 507 via a three-way valve. Thereby, liquid (for example, water) outside the garbage disposal device 501 can be supplied from the faucet 509, and liquid can be supplied to the faucet 509 even when the amount of drained liquid in the drain tank 502 is low.

The downstream end of the second drain supply pipe 508 is connected to the garbage storage section 420 in the garbage drying section 404 . Note that the second drain supply pipe 508 may join the hose 415 in the middle. By connecting the drain liquid return pipe 504 to the drain liquid second supply pipe 508 using the three-way valve 506 and driving the drain pump 505, the drain liquid in the drain tank 502 can be supplied to the garbage storage section 420. ing. In this way, the waste liquid is configured to be able to be circulated within the garbage processing apparatus 501.

The food waste processing device 501 can cause the waste liquid in the waste liquid tank 502 to be absorbed into the lump A (see FIGS. 8 and 9) of the food waste formed and dried in the food waste drying section 404. Then, the suction fan 514 is driven to induce and vent gas (drying gas) into the numerous rod-shaped holes 437 of the garbage lump A, thereby making it possible to dry the garbage lump A that has absorbed the waste liquid. It consists of As a result, the garbage processing apparatus 501 can reduce the amount of liquid drained in the liquid waste tank 502 and prevent the waste liquid from being discharged to the outside, which is environmentally friendly.

In addition, by repeating the absorption and drying of the waste liquid into the food waste lump A, more organic matter contained in the waste liquid can be absorbed by the food waste lump A, so the food waste lump A after drying can be Resources (organic matter) can be used effectively without waste when used as feed or fertilizer. In addition, by absorbing and drying a portion of the waste liquid in the waste liquid tank 502 into the lump A of food waste, the water (drainage liquid) when new food waste is input into the food waste processing device 401 is drained. It can be stored in the liquid tank 502. Thereby, the drained liquid in the drained liquid tank 502 can be replaced, and spoilage of the circulating water (drained liquid) can be suppressed.

[Fifth example of common mechanism of drying section, carbonization section, and cooling section]
FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a fifth example of the processing section. The processing apparatus 601 in this example is configured to perform drying processing, carbonization processing, and cooling processing within a common storage section 602.

The processing apparatus 601 includes a storage section 602 that stores an object to be processed (molded object), a gas supply section 610 that supplies processing gas to the storage section 602, and a gas suction section 620 that sucks gas in the storage section 602. Equipped with The storage section 602 is configured to be able to induce and vent the processing gas to the object to be processed by the operation of the gas suction section 620 . The object to be treated is, for example, a molded product of organic waste molded in the processing section 3 (see FIG. 1). The suction section 620 includes an exhaust passage 621 connected to the housing section 602 and a suction fan 622 provided in the exhaust passage 621.

The gas supply section 610 includes a gas supply passage 611 connected to the storage section 602, a drying gas passage 612, a carbonization gas passage 613, and a cooling gas passage 614 connected to the gas supply passage 611. Valves 612a, 613a, and 614a are provided in the drying gas passage 612, the carbonizing gas passage 613, and the cooling gas passage 614, respectively.

An example of the operation of the processing device 601 will be described. First, the object to be processed is stored in the storage section 602 . Next, in order to perform a drying process, the suction fan 622 is driven with the valve 612a opened and the valves 613a and 614a closed. A gas flow is generated in which the drying gas (for example, air) supplied from the drying gas passage 612 passes through the storage part 602 and is exhausted from the exhaust passage 621, and the object to be processed in the storage part 602 is induced to dry. .

After the drying process, the valve 612a is closed and the valve 613a is opened to perform the carbonization process. At this time, the valve 614a is in a closed state. A gas flow is generated in which the carbonizing gas (for example, superheated steam) supplied from the carbonizing gas passage 613 passes through the storage section 602 and is discharged from the exhaust passage 621, and the object to be processed (dried material) in the storage section 602 is removed. is carbonized. Note that when transitioning from the drying process to the carbonization process, the suction fan 622 may be left running or may be temporarily stopped.

After the carbonization process, the valve 613a is closed and the valve 614a is opened to perform the cooling process. At this time, the valve 612a is in a closed state. A gas flow is generated in which the cooling gas (for example, nitrogen gas) supplied from the cooling gas passage 614 passes through the storage section 602 and is discharged from the exhaust passage 621, and the object to be treated (carbide) in the storage section 602 is removed. cooled down. Note that when transitioning from the carbonization process to the cooling process, the suction fan 622 may be left running or may be temporarily stopped.

After the cooling process, the valves 612a, 613a, and 614a are closed, the suction fan 622 is stopped, and the object to be processed (the cooled carbide) is taken out from the storage section 602. Since the object to be treated can be taken out after the carbide has been sufficiently cooled, it will not burn or catch fire even if the carbide comes into contact with oxygen (air), improving safety.

The processing apparatus 601 performs drying processing, carbonization processing, and cooling processing on the processing object within the storage section 602, thereby eliminating the need for time and mechanisms for moving the processing object, which can shorten the processing time and reduce equipment costs. Cost can be reduced.

[Third example of processing section]
FIG. 12 is a schematic side view showing a molding device as a third example of the processing section with a portion cut away. FIG. 13 is a schematic side view with a portion of the molding device cut away. FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the discharge amount adjusting section taken along the line BB in FIG. 13. The molding device 701 in this example compresses and molds organic waste (for example, decomposed organic matter treated with subcritical water) to form approximately cylindrical pellets.

The molding device 701 includes a horizontally long case body 710 having a waste inlet 711 at one end and an outlet 712 at the other end, and a rotation shaft 720 disposed inside the case body 710 along its longitudinal direction. , a spiral body 721 attached to the peripheral body of the rotating shaft 720, and a perforated plate 730 for extrusion attached to the outlet 712. A receiving hopper 702 is connected to the upper part of the input port 711 . A large number of holes 731 are bored in the perforated plate 730 so as to surround the axis of the rotation shaft 720.

The organic waste input from the receiving hopper 702 is compressed and mixed by the spiral body 721 and forced into the space of the outlet 712. This space is a space provided between the spiral body 721 located on the most downstream side and the perforated plate 730, and can pressurize the compressed and mixed organic waste almost uniformly in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 720. It is set in. The pitch of the spiral body 721 is narrower on the downstream side (outlet port 712 side) than on the upstream side (inlet port 711 side). Thereby, by rotating the rotation shaft 720 and the spiral body 721, the organic waste can be reliably transported on the upstream side, and the compression force on the downstream side is increased.

Further, although detailed illustration is omitted, the gap between the spiral body 721 and the inner circumferential wall of the approximately cylindrical case body 710 is such that the downstream side (output port 712 side) is the upstream side (input port 711 side). It is narrower than. As a result, on the upstream side, the organic waste is released through the gap between the spiral body 721 and the inner circumferential wall of the case body 710, thereby suppressing the organic waste from being excessively compressed and increasing the rotational load. , the compression force of organic waste can be increased on the downstream side. In other words, by rotating the rotating shaft 720 and the spiral body 721, the organic waste can be compressed and mixed while gradually increasing the pressure from the upstream side to the downstream side, and the organic waste can be removed while suppressing an excessive increase in rotational load. Organic waste can be reliably compressed in the space of the outlet 712.

A clogging prevention blade 722 that rotates together with the rotation shaft 720 while slidingly contacting the porous plate 730 is disposed in the outlet 712 . By rotating the prevention blade 722 while slidingly contacting the perforated plate 730, it is possible to prevent the holes 731 from being clogged with fibers or the like.

A discharge pipe 741 is connected to each hole 731 of the perforated plate 730. The discharge pipe 741 is made of an elastically deformable material such as a resin tube. The organic waste discharged from the hole 731 passes through the discharge pipe 741 and is guided to the discharge amount adjustment mechanism 742 provided in the middle of the discharge pipe 741.

The adjustment mechanism body 743 of the discharge amount adjustment mechanism 742 is provided with a tube insertion hole 744 for each discharge tube 741 through which a midway portion of the discharge tube 741 is inserted. The adjustment mechanism main body 743 is provided with a bolt 745 for each tube insertion hole 744, which can be screwed into the tube insertion hole 744.

The discharge amount adjustment mechanism 742 elastically deforms the discharge pipe 741 to increase the cross-sectional area of the discharge pipe 741 by adjusting the degree of protrusion of the bolt 745 into the tube insertion hole 744 (the degree of screwing into the adjustment mechanism main body 743). configured to be adjustable. Thereby, variations in the discharge speed of organic waste discharged from each discharge pipe 741 can be reduced. By cutting the discharged organic waste at regular time intervals using a cutting machine (not shown), substantially cylindrical pellets (molded products) having a uniform length with little variation can be produced in each discharge pipe 741. . The formed substantially cylindrical pellets are subjected to a drying process, a carbonization process, and a cooling process in the processing section 4 (see FIG. 1).

Note that, as long as the portion of the discharge pipe 741 that is pressed by the bolt 745 in the discharge amount adjustment mechanism 742 is formed of an elastically deformable material, the other portions may be formed of, for example, a metal tube. In addition, a flow hole is provided in the adjustment mechanism main body 743 to allow the organic waste to flow, and the end of the discharge pipe 741 is connected to the flow hole to adjust the degree of protrusion of the shaft tip of the bolt 745 into the flow hole. Therefore, the amount of organic waste discharged may be adjustable.

[First configuration example of molding treatment/drying treatment]
FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a first configuration example for forming and drying organic waste. The waste processing apparatus 11 forms a target object 2 such as organic waste or its processed material into a substantially cylindrical pellet shape in a cylindrical forming section 13 serving as a processing section, and dries the formed product in a drying section 14 serving as a processing section. Process. The cylindrical molding section 13 includes, for example, a molding device 701 shown in FIG. 12. The drying section 14 includes, for example, a drying device 100 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.

In the cylindrical forming section 13, a fiber substance and a hardening agent are mixed into the object 2 to form a substantially cylindrical pellet. The fibrous material, for example bamboo or wood, accelerates the drying of the molded article. The hardening agent is, for example, starch, and promotes surface hardening of the molded article. Note that a configuration may be adopted in which at least one of the fiber material and the curing agent is not mixed.

The drying section 14 dries the substantially cylindrical pellets formed in the cylindrical forming section 13 by introducing a drying gas (for example, air) into the pellets. Further, the drying section 14 is configured to be able to repeatedly absorb drain (effluent containing organic matter) and dry the dried substantially cylindrical pellets. This makes it possible to reduce and effectively utilize the waste fluid generated during the treatment of organic waste.

Here, the drain (drainage liquid) is, for example, a wastewater generated by pre-treating organic waste before introducing the object 2 into the cylindrical molding section 13, etc., and is a wastewater generated by subcritical water treatment. These include wastewater and wastewater obtained by dehydrating processed products. However, the drain is not limited to these, and includes waste fluid containing organic matter generated when treating organic waste. Note that drain may be mixed into the object 2 as a hardening agent in the cylindrical molding part 13.

[Second configuration example of molding treatment/drying treatment]
FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a second configuration example for forming and drying organic waste. The waste treatment device 15 includes a surface hardening section 16 and a cutting section 17 between the cylindrical molding section 13 and the drying section 14, as compared with the first configuration example shown in FIG. The cylindrical molding section 13 in FIG. 15 cuts and molds the object 2 into a substantially cylindrical pellet shape. 13 and 15) are discharged from the discharge pipe 741 of the molding apparatus 701 without being cut.

The surface hardening section 16 hardens the surface of the substantially cylindrical molded product discharged from the cylindrical molding section 13, and performs a surface drying process, for example, by heating with a halogen heater or by irradiating ultraviolet rays. In addition, the surface hardening section 16 can reduce drainage and promote surface hardening by allowing the substantially cylindrical molded product to absorb drainage and hardening agent before surface hardening. In addition, it is possible to harden the surface of a substantially cylindrical molded article only by the above-mentioned surface drying treatment.

The surface hardening section 16 includes a feeding mechanism that conveys a substantially cylindrical molded product that is continuously discharged from, for example, a molding device 701 (see FIGS. 12 and 14), and a drain supply section and a hardening agent are provided in the middle of the feeding mechanism. It is equipped with a supply section (a curing agent may be mixed with the drain) and a surface drying section, and performs surface hardening of a substantially cylindrical molded article. The cutting section 17 cuts the substantially cylindrical molded product whose surface has been hardened in the surface hardening section 16 into a predetermined length to produce substantially cylindrical pellets.

The drying section 14 attracts and dries the substantially cylindrical pellets formed by the cutting section 17. Since these approximately cylindrical pellets are surface hardened, they do not easily lose their shape even when stacked and stored, and the pellets do not stick together. The drying section 14 here can carry out induced drying of pellets with a large number of pellets placed in a container (for example, the sieve 130 of the drying device 100 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4). By densely housing a large number of pellets in a container, the gaps between the pellets become smaller, the flow rate of the drying gas that comes into contact with the pellets increases, and drying is promoted.

[Third configuration example of molding treatment/drying treatment]
FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a third configuration example for forming and drying organic waste. Compared to the second configuration example shown in FIG. 16, the waste treatment apparatus 18 includes a square column forming section 19 and a roll forming section 20 instead of the column forming section 13.

The rectangular prism forming unit 19 forms the object 2 into a sheet shape, cuts it into strips, and molds it into a rod-shaped substantially rectangular prism-shaped molded product. In the quadrangular column forming section 19, a fiber substance and a hardening agent are mixed into the object 2, similarly to the column forming section 13 (see FIG. 15). The roll forming unit 20 rounds the corners of the substantially square columnar molded product formed in the square column forming unit 19 by vibrating it laterally and rolling it. Then, the surface of the substantially square columnar molded product with rounded corners is hardened in the surface hardening section 16, and cut into a predetermined length in the cutting section 17 to produce substantially square columnar pellets. Since the substantially rectangular pellets have been subjected to surface hardening treatment, the drying section 14 can perform the induced drying treatment with a large number of pellets densely housed in the container.

[Fourth configuration example of molding treatment/drying treatment]
FIG. 18 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a fourth configuration example for forming and drying organic waste. Compared to the third configuration example shown in FIG. 17, the waste treatment device 36 includes a sheet forming section 37 and a perforation section 38 instead of the square column forming section 19 and the roll forming section 20.

The sheet forming section 37 forms the object 2 into a sheet shape (plate shape). In the sheet forming section 37, similar to the cylinder forming section 13 (see FIG. 15), a fiber substance and a hardening agent are mixed into the object 2. The perforation portion 38 forms a large number of through holes that penetrate in the thickness direction of the sheet-shaped molded product formed by the sheet molding portion 37 . Such a perforation part 38 can be constructed by a mechanism that forms a through hole by piercing a protruding member into a sheet-like molded product. The mechanism for forming the through hole may be, for example, a system in which a drilling member having a large number of protruding members is raised and lowered, or a mechanism that uses a rotating roller and a conveyor having a large number of protruding members erected on the peripheral side wall. A method may also be used in which a through hole is bored in the molded product by passing through the space.

Then, the sheet-like molded product in which a large number of through holes are formed is surface hardened in the surface hardening section 16, and cut into a predetermined length in the cutting section 17. Then, the cut perforated sheet molded product is subjected to induction drying treatment in the drying section 14.

[Fifth configuration example of molding treatment/drying treatment]
FIG. 19 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a fifth configuration example for forming and drying organic waste. Compared to the third configuration example shown in FIG. 17, the waste treatment apparatus 21 includes a grain forming section 22 instead of the square column forming section 19, but does not include the cutting section 17.

The grain forming section 22 forms the object 2 into a substantially dice shape (substantially cube shape). Further, the grain forming section 22 mixes a fiber substance and a hardening agent into the object 2, similarly to the column forming section 13 (see FIG. 15). The roll forming unit 20 generates substantially spherical pellets by horizontally vibrating and rolling a substantially dice-shaped molded product. The approximately spherical pellets are surface hardened in the surface hardening section 16 and then induced drying in the drying section 14 . Since the approximately spherical pellets before drying have been subjected to a surface hardening treatment, the drying section 14 can perform the induced drying treatment with a large number of pellets housed closely in the container.

[Sixth configuration example of molding treatment/drying treatment]
FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a sixth configuration example for forming and drying organic waste. Compared to the fifth configuration example shown in FIG. 19, the waste treatment device 23 includes a square column forming section 19 and a cutting section 24 instead of the grain forming section 22.

The square column forming section 19 forms the object 2 into a rod-shaped substantially square column molded product, similar to the square column forming section 19 of the waste treatment apparatus 18 shown in FIG. The cutting section 24 shapes the rod-shaped substantially square columnar molded product into a substantially dice shape. The approximately dice-shaped molded product is formed into approximately spherical pellets in the roll forming section 20, surface hardened in the surface hardening section 16, and then induced drying in the drying section 14.

[Seventh configuration example of molding treatment/drying treatment]
FIG. 21 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a seventh configuration example for forming and drying organic waste. The waste processing device 25 forms a target object 2 such as organic waste or its processed material into a perforated briquette having a large number of rod-shaped holes in a briquette forming section 26 serving as a processing section, and processes the formed object. The drying process is carried out in a drying section 14. The briquette forming section 26 and the drying section 14 are realized, for example, by the garbage drying section 404, the suction fan 514, etc. of the garbage processing apparatus 501 shown in FIG.

The briquette forming section 26 mixes a fiber substance and a hardening agent into the object 2, similarly to the columnar forming section 13 (see FIG. 15). Further, the briquette forming section 26 mixes the fermentation liquid into the object 2. When the briquette-forming section 26 and the drying section 14 are realized by the food waste processing device 501 (see FIG. 10), the mixing of the fibrous material, hardening agent, and fermentation liquid to the food waste as the object 2 is performed by mixing the food waste with the food waste. This is done when feeding garbage into the garbage crusher 402. As a result, the food waste is crushed by the food waste crusher 402, and the fibrous material, hardening agent, and fermentation liquid are mixed. Thereafter, it is compressed and molded in the garbage drying section 404 (see FIG. 10) and dried under induction.

Note that the configuration of the briquette forming section 26 is not limited to the configuration of the garbage drying section 404 of the garbage processing device 501, and may be one that can shape the object 2 into a perforated briquette having a large number of rod-shaped holes. Good to have. Further, the drying section 14 of the waste processing device 25 is not limited to the mechanism of the garbage processing device 501, but any structure capable of induced drying by introducing drying gas into the rod-shaped holes of the perforated briquette-like molded product may be used. good.

[Eighth configuration example of molding treatment/drying treatment]
FIG. 22 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining an eighth configuration example for forming and drying organic waste. The waste treatment device 27 further includes a crushing section 28, as compared to the waste treatment device 25 of FIG.

The crushing section 28 is for crushing the object 2. Further, the crushing section 28 mixes the fibrous material, hardening agent, and fermentation liquid into the object 2, similarly to the briquette forming section 26 of the waste treatment apparatus 25 in FIG. The object pulverized in the pulverizing section 28 is shaped in the briquette forming section 26 and dried in the drying section 14. Note that, in the briquette-forming section 26 of the waste treatment device 27, mixing of fiber materials and the like is not performed.

The crushing section 28, briquette forming section 26, and drying section 14 of the waste treatment device 27 are realized by, for example, the garbage crusher 402, the garbage drying section 404, the suction fan 514, etc. of the garbage disposal device 501 shown in FIG. be done. However, the configuration of the waste treatment device 27 is not limited to the configuration of the garbage treatment device 501. For example, the crushing section 28 may have any configuration as long as it can crush the object 2.

[Ninth configuration example of molding treatment/drying treatment]
FIG. 23 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a ninth configuration example for forming and drying organic waste. The waste treatment apparatus 30 includes a subcritical water treatment section 31, a moisture adjustment section 32, and a classification section 33, compared to the waste treatment apparatus 11 of FIG.

The subcritical water treatment section 31 hydrolyzes organic waste containing water, such as used disposable diapers, garbage, livestock manure, and sludge, to generate organic matter decomposition products. The moisture adjustment section 32 includes, for example, a press-type dehydrator, and adjusts the moisture content of the decomposed organic matter produced in the subcritical water treatment section 31 to a moisture content that makes it easy to classify and mold. The classification section 33 is equipped with, for example, a transverse sieve device, and sieves the decomposed organic matter whose moisture content has been adjusted in the moisture adjustment section 32 to remove unnecessary substances that impede the forming process in the column forming section 13 . The configurations of the cylindrical forming section 13 and the drying section 14 are similar to those of the cylindrical forming section 13 and the drying section 14 of the waste treatment apparatus 11 shown in FIG.

Now, in the subcritical water treatment section 31, organic waste (object 2) is decomposed by subcritical water, which is neither liquid nor gas, to obtain an organic decomposed product. occurs. Further, when the water content of the organic substance decomposed product generated in the subcritical water treatment section 31 is large, dehydration treatment is performed in the moisture adjustment section 32, but at this time also, a waste liquid containing organic substances is generated.

The waste treatment device 30 collects these drainage liquids (drainage) into a storage section (not shown) and uses a part of the drainage water to adjust the moisture content of the decomposed organic matter in the classification section 33, thereby improving the waste treatment. The discharge of condensate to the outside of the device 30 is reduced.

Further, the waste processing device 30 supplies a part of the drain to the drying section 14, and the drying section 14 performs an absorption process and a re-drying process on the dried molded product. This reduces the amount of drain discharged to the outside of the waste treatment device 30. By repeating the process of absorbing the drain into the molded product after drying in the drying section 14 and the re-drying process, almost the entire amount of the drain containing organic waste generated in the waste treatment device 30 is absorbed into the waste treatment device 30. It is also possible to reduce the amount of drain discharge to zero by consuming it. In addition, in the cylindrical molding part 13, drain may be mixed into the decomposed organic matter as a curing agent.

[First configuration example of waste plastic volume reduction/carbonization treatment]
Next, a first configuration example of a waste treatment apparatus for obtaining char from waste plastic 2A, which is an example of organic waste, will be described.

FIG. 24 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a first configuration example for reducing the volume and carbonizing waste plastic. The waste processing device 41 compresses and molds waste plastic 2A in a volume reduction molding section 42, forms a large number of through holes in the molded product in a perforation section 43, and then processes it in a carbonization section 6 and a cooling section 7. Carbonization and cooling treatment. Such a waste processing device 41 is suitable for processing thermosetting resin, for example.

The volume reduction molding section 42 reduces the volume and molds the waste plastic 2A by heating and compressing it. For example, the volume reduction molding unit 42 may be configured to heat and compress waste plastic stored in a container and mold it into a sheet or block shape, or it may heat and compress waste plastic flowing on a conveyor to form a sheet. It is also possible to use a method of molding it into a shape.

The hole punching section 43 forms a large number of through holes by piercing the molded product of the waste plastic 2A whose volume has been reduced and molded in the volume reduction molding section 42 with a protruding member. Here, by heating the projection member, the through hole can be easily formed in the molded product. The mechanism for forming the through hole may be, for example, a system in which a drilling member having a large number of protruding members is raised and lowered, or a mechanism that uses a rotating roller and a conveyor having a large number of protruding members erected on the peripheral side wall. A method may also be used in which a through hole is bored in the molded product by passing through the space.

The carbonization section 6 carbonizes the perforated molded product obtained in the perforation section 43 while introducing and aerating, for example, superheated steam in an oxygen-free state. The cooling section 7 cools the carbide obtained in the carbonization section 6 by introducing, for example, nitrogen gas into the carbide. The dried material or carbide treated in the carbonization section 6 and the cooling section 7 generally maintains the shape after molding in the volume reduction molding section 42 and the perforation section 43, and has a large surface area because it has a large number of through holes. Then, the carbonization section 6 and the cooling section 7 induce and vent superheated steam or cooling gas to the object to be treated. Thereby, the processing time for carbonization treatment and cooling treatment can be significantly shortened. In the carbonization section 6, the processing gas is not limited to superheated steam, and it is also possible to carbonize the molded article without introducing the processing gas and ventilating it.

Incidentally, the volume reduction molding section 42 and the perforation section 43 may be configured with a mechanism having the same configuration as the garbage storage section 420, the compression section 421, and the skewer section 422 of the garbage processing apparatus 401 shown in FIG. do not have. In this case, the volume reduction compression molding and drilling of the waste plastic 2A can be performed simultaneously.

[Second configuration example of volume reduction/carbonization treatment of waste plastic]
FIG. 25 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a second configuration example for reducing the volume and carbonizing waste plastic. The waste processing device 44 melts and reduces the volume of waste plastic 2A by throwing it into heated oil in a melting section 45, and carbonizes and cools the melted waste plastic in a vaporization/carbonization section 46 and a cooling section 47, thereby producing a waste plastic. The resulting carbide is molded into a solid fuel in a molding section 48.

The melting section 45 stores waste plastic molten oil heated to, for example, 200 to 300° C. in a container such as a bag for transporting processed materials, and the waste plastic 2A is placed in the container and melted to reduce the volume. A part of the waste plastic molten oil is sent to the vaporization/carbonization section 46, and the remaining molten oil is used for melting the next waste plastic 2A.

The vaporization/carbonization section 46 decomposes and vaporizes waste plastic molten oil by introducing superheated steam into the waste plastic molten oil in an oxygen-free condition to obtain carbide as a residue. Note that the aeration of the waste plastic molten oil may be performed by sending an oxygen-free gas such as superheated steam into the waste plastic molten oil.

Note that in vaporizing the waste plastic molten oil, the temperature of the waste plastic molten oil is raised higher than the processing temperature in the melting section 45 to evaporate the oil component (also referred to as drying). At that time, it is not necessary to introduce superheated steam. Then, by aerating the residue (solid content) obtained by evaporating the oil component with superheated steam, a charred material can be generated.

The cooling section 47 cools the carbide obtained in the vaporization/carbonization section 46 by introducing, for example, nitrogen gas into the carbide. Note that the cooling gas (for example, nitrogen gas) that is induced to vent in the cooling unit 47 may be configured to be circulated. The molding section 48 molds the carbide into a pellet shape by extrusion molding, for example.

[Third configuration example of volume reduction/carbonization treatment of waste plastic]
FIG. 26 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a third configuration example for reducing the volume and carbonizing waste plastic. The waste treatment apparatus 49 of the third configuration example melts and reduces the volume by throwing the waste plastic 2A into oil heated in the melting section 45, similarly to the waste treatment apparatus 44 shown in FIG. 25. The entire amount of melted waste plastic is sent to the vaporization/carbonization section 46.

The oil component obtained by decomposing and vaporizing the waste plastic molten oil in the vaporizing/carbonizing section 46 is liquefied and recovered in the oil converting section 50. A part of the recovered oil is sent to the melting section 45 and used for melting the next waste plastic 2A.

Although not shown in FIG. 25, the waste treatment device 44 includes an oil conversion section 50 (see FIG. 26) that recovers oil components obtained by decomposing and vaporizing waste plastic molten oil in the vaporization/carbonization section 46. It doesn't matter if you stay there. Moreover, in the melting section 45 of the waste treatment apparatuses 44 and 49 shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, a part of the input waste plastic 2A is vaporized. Therefore, an oil converting section may be provided to liquefy and recover the oil component vaporized in the melting section 45.

Although the embodiments have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be embodied in various forms. The configuration of each part is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the configurations described in the above-described embodiments and modified examples (notes, etc.) may be combined, and configurations may be added, omitted, replaced, and other changes made.

1 Waste processing device 2 Object 2A Waste plastic 3 Processing section 4 Processing section 5 Drying section 6 Carbonization section 7 Cooling section 9 Molded product 11 Waste processing device 13 Cylindrical molding section 14 Drying section 15 Waste processing device 16 Surface hardening section 17 Cutting section 18 Waste processing device 19 Square column forming section 20 Roll forming section 21 Waste processing device 22 Grain forming section 23 Waste processing device 24 Cutting section 25 Waste processing device 26 Briquette forming section 27 Waste processing device 28 Crushing section 30 Waste treatment device 31 Subcritical water treatment section 32 Moisture adjustment section 33 Classification section 36 Waste treatment device 37 Sheet forming section 38 Perforation section 41 Waste treatment device 42 Volume reduction forming section 43 Perforation section 44 Waste treatment device 45 Melting section 46 Vaporization/carbonization section 47 Cooling section 48 Molding section 49 Waste treatment device 50 Oil conversion section 100 Drying device 110 Suction mechanism 111 Table 111a Flat plate section 111b Leg section 111h Through hole 112 Suction fan 113 Suction duct 114 Protrusion 130 Sieve 131 Frame 132 Net 132a Upper wire rod 132b Lower wire rod 133 Engagement hole 201 Drying device 202 Drying object movement path 202a Room temperature suction drying section 202b Hot air drying section 203 Drying object input port 205 Dry material outlet 206 Environmental atmosphere part 207 Suction mechanism 208 First side of the device main body 208a Second side of the device main body 209 Belt type conveyor 210 Suction port 210a Vent port 211 Suction fan 212 Burner 400 Sink 401 Food waste processing device 402 Food waste crusher 403 Three-way valve 404 Food waste Drying section 408 Grinding section 408a Opening section 408b Discharge port 409 Grinder motor 410 Sink 410a Inlet 411 Guide hose 412 Garbage passage member 413 Valve body 414 Valve control section 415 Hose 416 Drain hose 417 Drain pipe 418 Check valve 419 Base Stand 419a Air circulation cylinder 420 Garbage storage section 421 Compression section 422 Skewer section 424 Circulation fan 425 Garbage storage container 425a Mesh holes 425b, 425c Annular brim 425c Annular brim 427 Resin board 428 Skewer insertion hole 429 Garbage infiltration prevention material 430 Bottom plate 430a Container placement hole 432 Compression section slide plate 433 Compression plate fixing cylinder 434 Compression plate 434b Food waste inlet 434c Second skewer insertion hole 435 Skewer section slide plate 436 Skewer 437 Bar hole 482 Shutter 482a Hole 500 Sink 501 Food waste Treatment device 502 Drain tank 503 Oil recovery machine 504 Drain return pipe 505 Drain pump 506 Three-way valve 507 Drain first supply pipe 508 Drain second supply pipe 509 Faucet 510 Drain pipe 511 Drain discharge pipe 513 Exhaust pipe 514 Suction fan 601 Processing device 602 Storage part 603 Gas suction part 610 Gas supply part 611 Gas supply passage 612 Drying gas passage 612a Valve 613 Carbonization gas passage 613a Valve 614 Cooling gas passage 614a Valve 620 Gas suction part 621 Exhaust passage 622 Suction Fan 701 Molding device 702 Receiving hopper 710 Case body 711 Input port 712 Output port 720 Rotating shaft 721 Spiral body 722 Preventing blade 730 Perforated plate 731 Hole 741 Discharge pipe 742 Discharge amount adjustment mechanism 743 Adjustment mechanism main body 744 Pipe insertion hole 745 Bolt A Raw lump of garbage

Claims (1)

a processing section that forms organic waste containing water or its processed material into a substantially cylindrical pellet shape, a substantially spherical pellet shape, a perforated briquette shape, or a perforated sheet shape;
a processing section that performs at least one of drying treatment, carbonization treatment, and cooling treatment on the molded article formed in the processing section,
The processing section induces and vents a processing gas to the molded article.
Waste treatment equipment.

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