JP2023148655A - Power supply system in multiple dwelling house - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a power supply system in a multiple dwelling house, with which a self consumption rate of a solar power generation device is increased.SOLUTION: A power supply system 1 in a multiple dwelling house 2 includes a plurality of dwelling units A, B, and C. The system includes a solar power generation device 3 that is shared by the plurality of dwelling units, a first distribution board 5 that receives power supply from the solar power generation device 3 and a commercial power source 20, second distribution boards 6 that are provided at the plurality of dwelling units and receive power supply from the first distribution board 5, a first power amount measuring tool 7 for measuring the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device 3, a plurality of second power amount measuring tools 8 for measuring the amounts of power used by the corresponding dwelling units, and a control device 12. The control device 12 compares the total amount of power used by the plurality of dwelling units A, B, and C with the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device 3, and controls the first distribution board 5 on the basis of the result of the comparison.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to a power supply system for an apartment complex.

In recent years, attempts have been made to utilize electricity generated by solar power generation devices not only in single-family homes but also in apartment complexes. For example, Patent Document 1 below proposes an apartment complex equipped with a solar power generation/power storage system. This housing complex is equipped with a solar panel installed on the rooftop or on the roof, and a storage battery that stores electric power generated by the solar panel.

JP 2019-157428 Publication

In recent years, the selling price of electricity generated by solar power generation devices has been on the decline. Therefore, there is a need for increasing the self-consumption rate of generated power within the residential unit in apartment buildings equipped with solar power generation devices.

The present disclosure has been devised in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its main purpose is to provide a power supply system for an apartment complex that can increase the self-consumption rate.

The present disclosure relates to a power supply system for an apartment complex including a plurality of dwelling units, including a solar power generation device shared by the plurality of dwelling units, and a first distribution board that receives power from the solar power generation device and a commercial power source. and a second distribution board that is provided in the plurality of residential units and receives power from the first distribution board, and a first electricity amount measurement unit for measuring the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device. a plurality of second electric energy measuring instruments for measuring the electric power consumption of each of the plurality of dwelling units, the first electricity distribution board, the first electric energy measuring instrument, and the second electric energy measuring instrument. and a control device connected to the control device, the control device compares the total power consumption of the plurality of residential units and the power generation amount of the solar power generation device, and the control device compares the total power consumption with the power generation amount. In the following cases, if the generated power is supplied to all of the plurality of dwelling units and the total power consumption exceeds the power generation amount, the generated power is supplied to one or more of the plurality of dwelling units according to predetermined allocation rules. This is an electric power supply system for an apartment complex that controls the first distribution board so that the electric power is supplied to the electric power source.

In the power supply system for an apartment complex according to the present disclosure, by employing the above configuration, it is possible to increase the self-consumption rate of power generated by a solar power generation device in an apartment complex.

1 is a block diagram of a power supply system illustrating an embodiment of the present disclosure. It is a block diagram showing an example of a control device. It is a flowchart which shows the processing procedure of a control device.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power supply system 1 for an apartment complex showing an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, a power supply system 1 for an apartment complex according to the present embodiment is a system that supplies power to an apartment complex 2. As shown in FIG. The housing complex 2 includes a plurality of housing units (for example, three housing units A, B, and C in FIG. 1).

[housing complex]
First, apartment complex 2 will be explained. The housing complex 2 includes a shared solar power generation device 3. In this embodiment, the power generated by the solar power generation device 3 is shared by a plurality of residential units A, B, and C.

The solar power generation device 3 of this embodiment includes, for example, a solar panel 3a and a power conditioner 3b.

The solar panel 3a is installed, for example, on the roof or rooftop of the housing complex 2. The power conditioner 3b converts DC power generated by the solar panel 3a into AC power.

As a preferred embodiment, the solar power generation device 3 may include a storage battery 3c for storing generated power. Storage battery 3c is connected to power conditioner 3b. The storage battery 3c can store surplus generated power as DC power. The storage battery 3c may be installed in a common area of the housing complex 2, for example. The electric power stored in the storage battery is also shared by the plurality of residential units A, B, and C.

The housing complex 2 may further include one or more heat pump type water heaters 4. The water heater includes a heat pump 4a operated by electric power and a hot water storage tank 4b.

In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the water heaters 4 may be a shared water heater 4A that supplies hot water to a plurality of dwelling units A, B, and C. The shared water heater 4A is installed in a common area of the housing complex 2, for example. Electric power is distributed to the shared water heater 4A from a first distribution board 5, which will be described later. In the example of FIG. 1, the hot water storage tank 4b is connected to the hot water supply unit of each bathroom or washroom of dwelling units A, B, and C, and one shared water heater 4A supplies hot water to three dwelling units A, B, and C. Shows what is shared by Such an embodiment reduces the number of installed water heaters 4 and enables effective use of land space. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this embodiment.

[Power supply system]
Next, the power supply system 1 of this embodiment will be explained. The power supply system 1 includes, for example, a first distribution board 5 provided in an apartment complex 2, a second distribution board 6 provided in each of a plurality of housing units A, B, and C, and a first power metering device. 7, a plurality of second power amount measuring instruments 8, and a control device 12.

[First distribution board]
The first distribution board 5 is provided, for example, in a common area of the housing complex 2, and is connected to the power conditioner 3b of the solar power generation device 3 and the commercial power source 20. Therefore, the first distribution board 5 can receive power from both the solar power generation device 3 and the commercial power source 20. The first distribution board 5 distributes this power to the second distribution board 6 installed in each of the residential units A, B, and C of the housing complex 2 at a predetermined ratio. Further, the first distribution board 5 and the power company 21 are connected to a power selling power transmission line 22 for selling surplus power generated by the solar power generation device 3 to the power company.

[Second distribution board]
The second distribution board 6 is installed indoors of the plurality of residential units A, B, and C, for example. The second distribution board 6 distributes the power from the first distribution board 5 to a plurality of rooms in each of the residential units A, B, and C via a breaker or the like. In each room, various electrical devices (lighting, air conditioner, etc.) are used by receiving power from the second distribution board 6.

[Power measuring instrument]
The first power amount measuring device 7 is provided, for example, between the power conditioner 3b and the first distribution board 5, and is a device that measures the amount of power (power generation amount) generated by the solar power generation device 3. be.

The second power consumption measuring device 8 is a device that measures the power consumption of each of the plurality of residential units A, B, and C. The second power amount measuring tool 8 may be built into the second electricity distribution board 6, for example.

The power supply system 1 of this embodiment also includes a third power amount measuring device 9, a fourth power amount measuring device 10, and a fifth power amount measuring device 11. The third power amount measuring tool 9 measures the amount of power supplied (purchased) from the commercial power source 20 . The fourth power amount measuring device 10 measures the amount of power sold to the electric power company 21. The fifth power amount measuring tool 11 measures the amount of power remaining in the storage battery 3c.

The electric energy measured by the first to fifth electric energy measuring instruments 7 to 11 is input to the control device 12, respectively. The control device 12 not only distributes power to each of the residential units A, B, and C, but also calculates the electricity bill based on these amounts of power.

[Control device]
The control device 12 is connected to the first distribution board 5 and the first to fifth electric energy measuring devices 7 to 11. In a preferred embodiment, the control device 12 of this embodiment is connected to a computer 30 of the owner (or management company) of the housing complex 2 via a network such as the Internet. The owner receives predetermined information from the control device 12 and can monitor various information such as the power supply status in real time.

The control device 12 can control various devices according to pre-stored processing procedures. FIG. 2 shows a block diagram including input and output of the control device 12. The control device 12 is, for example, a variety of computers, and includes a calculation section 12a, a storage section 12b, and a working memory 12c. The calculation unit 12a stores, for example, the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device 3, the amount of power used by each residential unit A, B, and C, the amount of purchased power from the commercial power source 20, the amount of sold power to the power company 21, and the storage battery. The amount of stored electricity etc. of 3c are input.

The storage unit 12b includes a program unit that stores processing procedures for processing each of the above information, an allocation rule unit that stores generated power allocation rules (described later), and a program unit that stores processing procedures for processing each of the above information, an allocation rule unit that stores generated power allocation rules (described later), and Historical information such as past power usage status is stored.

The control device 12 controls the first distribution board 5, the shared water heater 4A, etc. based on the input information and the program section. Additionally, information is transmitted to the computer 30 of the owner of the housing complex 2 as necessary.

The control device 12 of this embodiment compares the total power consumption of the plurality of residential units A, B, and C with the power generation amount of the solar power generation device 3 in real time or at a predetermined sampling timing. Then, the control device 12 controls the first distribution board 5 based on the result.

Specifically, the control device 12 controls so that the generated power is supplied to all of the plurality of residential units A, B, and C when the total power consumption of the plurality of residential units A, B, and C is less than or equal to the amount of generated power. Controls the first distribution board 5. Thereby, the first distribution board 5 distributes the generated power to each residential unit so that all the power for the plurality of residential units A, B, and C is covered by the generated power.

On the other hand, if the total amount of power used by the plurality of dwelling units A, B, and C exceeds the amount of power generation, the control device 12 controls the power generation amount to The first distribution board 5 is controlled so that the power is supplied to one or more of C. This allocation rule is set so that the self-consumption rate improves. Examples of such allocation rules include the following.

For example, the allocation rule may be a rule that allocates generated power in descending order of the current amount of power used by the residential unit. Thereby, all of the generated power can be efficiently consumed by dwelling units A, B, or C.

Further, for example, the allocation rule may be such that the more generated power is distributed to a residential unit that currently uses a larger amount of power. As an example, all the generated power may be distributed to each of the residential units A, B, and C based on the amount of power used by each of the residential units A, B, and C. Thereby, all of the generated power can be efficiently consumed by dwelling units A, B, or C.

In addition, as another example, the allocation rule is such that the more power each of the plurality of residential units A, B, and C uses in a predetermined period, the more generated power is supplied. It's okay. For example, all the generated power may be divided among the residential units A, B, and C based on the monthly average power consumption of each residential unit A, B, and C.

Furthermore, as another example, the allocation rule may be such that the larger the floor area of the dwelling unit, the more generated power is supplied. Generally, it is known from experience that the larger the floor area of a dwelling, the more electricity it uses.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing procedure of the control device 12 for performing the above-described processing. An example of a more detailed processing procedure of the control device 12 will be described below with reference to FIG. In the comparison/judgment process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3, the branch code "Y" means that the result is positive, and the branch code "N" means that the result is negative.

First, the control device 12 acquires the current amount of power generation (step S1). For example, the calculation unit 12a reads the electric energy measured by the first electric energy measuring tool 7 and stores it in the working memory 12c.

Next, the control device 12 acquires the power consumption of each residential unit A, B, and C (step S2). This process is performed by the calculation unit 12a reading the electric energy measured by each of the second electric energy measurement tools 8 and storing it in the working memory 12c.

Next, the control device 12 determines whether the solar power generation device 3 is generating power (step S3). In this process, for example, the calculation unit 12a reads the amount of power from the first power amount measuring device 7, and if the value is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value, it is determined that power is being generated, and if not, power is not generated. This is done by determining that the

When the control device 12 determines that the solar power generation device 3 is generating power, the control device 12 determines whether the amount of power generation can cover the total power consumption of all the residential units A, B, and C of the apartment complex (step S4 ). This process is performed by the calculation unit 12a comparing the power generation amount acquired in step S1 with the sum of the power usage amounts of each dwelling unit A, B, and C acquired in step S3.

When the control device 12 determines that the amount of power generated can cover the total power consumption of residential units A, B, and C of the apartment complex, the control device 12 controls the first distribution board so as to supply the generated power to all residential units A, B, and C. 5 (step S5). For example, the control device 12 reads the power usage of the plurality of residential units A, B, and C, and distributes the generated power to the second distribution board 6 of each residential unit A, B, and C according to the respective power usage. The first distribution board 5 is controlled so as to do so. This improves the self-consumption rate of the power generated by the solar power generation device 3. In this case, the control device 12 does not receive power from the commercial power source 20, and can supply all the power for the plurality of residential units A, B, and C with the generated power.

Next, the control device 12 determines whether there is a shared water heater 4A (step S6). If the shared water heater 4A is installed, it is determined whether there is enough power to run the shared water heater 4A (step S7). This is done by comparing the amount of power required for boiling the water with the amount of surplus power (that is, the amount of power generated - the total amount of power used by each dwelling unit A, B, and C).

Next, if the result of step S7 is positive, the control device 12 instructs the shared water heater 4A to perform a boiling operation (step S8). In this way, the self-consumption rate of the generated power is further increased by using the surplus power, for example, to heat up the water heater during the day instead of selling the power. In this way, in this embodiment, the surplus of the generated power that exceeds the total power of each residential unit A, B, and C is consumed for heating the shared water heater 4A, but the additional surplus is Electricity is stored in the storage battery 3c. This further increases the self-consumption rate.

Next, the control device 12 calculates the electricity charges for each of the plurality of residential units A, B, and C based on the amount of electricity used by each of the residential units A, B, and C (the amount of generated power used and the amount of commercial power used). (Step S9). When steps S1 to S9 are processed in series, all the electric power used in each of the residential units A, B, and C is determined as generated electric power. In this case, the electricity charges for each residential unit A, B, and C can be calculated by multiplying the amount of electricity used by the unit price of the generated electricity. Note that even if the results of steps S6 and S7 are negative (N in each step), step S9 is executed.

Next, a case where the solar power generation device 3 is not generating power (N in step S3) will be explained. In such a case, the control device 12 of this embodiment determines the presence or absence of the storage battery 3c (step S11).

When the control device 12 determines that there is no storage battery 3c (N in step S11), the control device 12 purchases insufficient power from the commercial power source 20 and supplies it to all residential units A, B, and C (step S12). . After that, the control device 12 executes step S9. If the process goes through steps S11 and S12, all the electric power used in each of the residential units A, B, and C is determined as the electric power purchased from the commercial power source 20. Then, the electricity charges for each residential unit A, B, and C can be calculated by multiplying the amount of electricity used by the unit purchase price of commercial electricity.

Next, when the control device 12 determines in step S11 that the storage battery 3c is present, the control device 12 acquires the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 3c (step S13).

Next, the control device 12 determines whether or not the amount of stored electricity plus the amount of power generation can cover the current power for all residential units A, B, and C (step S14). If the result of step S13 is positive, the power of stored power + generated power is supplied to each dwelling unit A, B, and C (step S15). However, when steps S11, S13, and 14 are executed from step S3, the control device 12 supplies only the stored power (the generated power is zero) to each of the residential units A, B, and C. In this embodiment, since the stored power is the power obtained by the solar power generation device 3, the self-consumption rate is further improved by performing this process. In this case, the control device 12 does not receive power from the commercial power source 20, and can supply all of the power for the plurality of residential units A, B, and C with the stored power.

As described above, even when steps S11, S13, and S14 are passed, no power is supplied from the commercial power source, and the power of the storage battery is consumed. Therefore, the power supply system 1 of this embodiment achieves a high self-consumption rate. Note that even when the result of step S4 is negative (that is, when the amount of power generation cannot cover the power for all the dwelling units), the control device 12 carries out steps after step S11.

On the other hand, if the result of step S14 is negative, that is, if the amount of stored electricity + the amount of power generation cannot cover the electricity for all the dwelling units A, B, and C, the control device 12 Then, the first distribution board 5 is controlled to distribute the stored power and the generated power according to the allocation rule as described above (step S16). Further, the control device 12 purchases the shortage from the commercial power source 20 and supplies it to each of the residential units A, B, and C (step S17).

After that, the control device 12 executes step S9. In this case, the power used by each of the residential units A, B, and C is a mixture of generated power, stored power (if any), and commercial power. In this case, the electricity charges for each dwelling unit A, B, and C are determined, for example, according to the ratio of the type of electricity used.

The power supply system for an apartment complex according to the present embodiment brings several advantages to each of the residents, the owner of the apartment complex, and the electric power provider (hereinafter simply referred to as "operator").

For example, the owner once sells all the power generated by the solar power generation device 3 to a business operator. The unit price of electricity sold at this time is x yen. On the other hand, when the tenants move into the housing complex 2, they enter into a contract to purchase electricity from the operator. The unit price of electricity purchased by the tenant is y yen, which is higher than the unit price of electricity sold (x yen). This power purchase unit price of y yen is preferably lower than the power purchase unit price of z yen of the electric power company 21.

According to the above business model, the owner of the housing complex 2 can earn profits by selling electricity. Additionally, residents can use electricity at low rates. Moreover, since most of the electricity is generated using natural energy, residents can also contribute to the social purpose of reducing the burden on the global environment. This will improve the occupancy rate of apartment complexes and, in turn, improve the investment yield of apartment complexes. In addition, the business operator, as an electric power business, supplies the generated power purchased from the owner to the tenant, and earns a profit from the unit price difference of y−x yen. Furthermore, since such apartment complexes can be expected to have a high investment yield, if a business operator also serves as a housing provider, there is an advantage in being able to sell more apartment complexes.

Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. This disclosure also includes equivalents thereof.

[Additional notes]
The present disclosure includes the following aspects.

[This disclosure 1]
A power supply system for an apartment complex including multiple dwelling units,
A solar power generation device shared by multiple residences,
a first distribution board that receives power from the solar power generation device and the commercial power source;
a second distribution board that is provided in the plurality of residential units and receives power from the first distribution board;
a first power amount measuring tool for measuring the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device;
a plurality of second power consumption measuring instruments for measuring the power consumption of each of the plurality of dwelling units;
It includes a control device connected to the first electricity distribution board, the first electric energy measuring device, and the second electric energy measuring device,
The control device compares the total power consumption of the plurality of residential units and the power generation amount of the solar power generation device,
If the total power consumption is less than or equal to the power generation amount, the generated power is supplied to all of the plurality of dwelling units, and if the total power consumption exceeds the power generation amount, the generated power is supplied according to predetermined allocation rules. controlling the first distribution board so that the electricity is supplied to one or more of the plurality of dwelling units;
Power supply system for apartment complexes.
[This disclosure 2]
The power supply system for an apartment complex according to the present disclosure 1, wherein the allocation rule is such that a dwelling unit that consumes more power is supplied with more of the generated power.
[Disclosure 3]
The apartment complex according to Disclosure 1, wherein the allocation rule is such that the more power each of the plurality of dwelling units uses, aggregated over a predetermined period, the more generated power is supplied. power supply system.
[Disclosure 4]
The power supply system for an apartment complex according to the present disclosure 1, wherein the allocation rule is that a dwelling unit with a larger floor area is supplied with more of the generated power.
[This disclosure 5]
It further includes one or more heat pump type water heaters,
At least one of the water heaters is a shared water heater for supplying hot water to a plurality of dwelling units among the plurality of dwelling units,
The housing complex according to any one of present disclosures 1 to 4, wherein the control device causes the shared water heater to perform a boiling operation using the generated power when determining that the generated power has surplus power. power supply system.
[This disclosure 6]
further comprising a storage battery connected to the first distribution board,
The power supply system for an apartment complex according to any one of the present disclosure 1 to 5, wherein the control device stores the generated power in the storage battery when determining that the generated power has surplus power.
[Disclosure 7]
An apartment complex comprising the power supply system according to any one of Present Disclosures 1 to 6 and the solar power generation device.

1 Electricity supply system 2 Apartment house 3 Solar power generation device 3c Storage battery 4A Shared water heater 5 First distribution board 6 Second distribution board 7 First electricity measurement device 8 Second electricity measurement device 12 Control device 20 Commercial Power supply A, B, C Residential unit

Claims (7)

A power supply system for an apartment complex including multiple dwelling units,
A solar power generation device shared by multiple residences,
a first distribution board that receives power from the solar power generation device and the commercial power source;
a second distribution board that is provided in the plurality of residential units and receives power from the first distribution board;
a first power amount measuring tool for measuring the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device;
a plurality of second power consumption measuring instruments for measuring the power consumption of each of the plurality of dwelling units;
It includes a control device connected to the first electricity distribution board, the first electric energy measuring device, and the second electric energy measuring device,
The control device compares the total power consumption of the plurality of residential units and the power generation amount of the solar power generation device,
If the total power consumption is less than or equal to the power generation amount, the generated power is supplied to all of the plurality of dwelling units, and if the total power consumption exceeds the power generation amount, the generated power is supplied according to predetermined allocation rules. controlling the first distribution board so that the electricity is supplied to one or more of the plurality of dwelling units;
Power supply system for apartment complexes. 2. The power supply system for an apartment complex according to claim 1, wherein the allocation rule is such that a dwelling unit that consumes more power is supplied with more of the generated power. 2. The housing complex according to claim 1, wherein the allocation rule is such that the larger the amount of power used by each of the plurality of dwelling units aggregated in a predetermined period, the more the generated power is supplied. power supply system. 2. The power supply system for an apartment complex according to claim 1, wherein the allocation rule is such that the larger the floor area of a dwelling unit, the more of the generated power is supplied. It further includes one or more heat pump type water heaters,
At least one of the water heaters is a shared water heater for supplying hot water to a plurality of dwelling units among the plurality of dwelling units,
5. The water heater according to claim 1, wherein the control device causes the shared water heater to perform a boiling operation using the generated power when determining that the generated power has surplus power. Power supply system for apartment complexes. further comprising a storage battery connected to the first distribution board,
The power supply system for an apartment complex according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control device stores the generated power in the storage battery when determining that the generated power has surplus power. An apartment complex comprising the power supply system according to claim 1 and the solar power generation device.

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