CN112651105B - Micro-grid capacity configuration optimization method based on game theory - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure provides a method for optimizing capacity configuration of a micro-grid based on game theory, which comprises the following steps: step S110, establishing a structure and an output function of an independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid, and determining an energy scheduling strategy; step S120, modeling the income function of each investment unit in the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid; step S130, corresponding non-cooperative game models and wind-solar dominant game models are established for each unit main body according to the actual operation mode of the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid system; and step 140, solving the established game model by combining a particle swarm algorithm and an iterative algorithm to obtain an optimization scheme of capacity configuration. The method considers the relation among various unit investment subjects in the system, and considers the interaction among the behaviors of the subjects according to the idea of game theory, which is beneficial to coping with the diversity of the subjects of the micro-grid system.

Description

Micro-grid capacity configuration optimization method based on game theory

Technical Field

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of micro-grid optimization, and particularly relates to a micro-grid capacity configuration optimization method based on game theory.

Background

Energy is the motive power of social development, along with the exhaustion of energy and increasing of a series of environmental problems caused by the wide use of fossil energy, the search for renewable energy to replace fossil energy and the search for a distributed energy mode to replace traditional centralized power generation become the current research direction. The independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid system combines the complementation and energy storage technologies of wind power and photoelectric renewable energy sources, and is a feasible development direction for realizing the utilization of renewable energy sources in remote areas and islands. At present, the wind-solar energy storage power generation system has the problems of higher manufacturing cost, higher operation and maintenance cost, low actual fund return rate, unstable output and the like, and restricts the development of the project. Therefore, on the premise of pre-configuring the diesel generator, the rated capacities of wind, light and storage in the micro-grid are reasonably and effectively configured, the load demand of matching the system output can be met, the stability of the power system is ensured, and the practical benefit is improved. On one hand, the wind and light capacity ratio is reasonably configured, wind and light resources can be effectively utilized, energy waste caused by unstable wind and light independent power generation output is avoided, input cost is reduced, on the other hand, the wind and light capacity is combined to reasonably configure the energy storage device, output power can be smoothed, load electricity shortage rate is reduced, and energy storage construction cost is reduced.

In summary, how to realize reasonable capacity planning of wind, light and storage is of great importance to the development of wind-solar energy storage power generation systems, and many students have studied and made important progress in this respect. Regarding capacity allocation, currently, a multi-objective optimization method is commonly used to aggregate all units in a system into a whole, and an optimization model of the capacity allocation of the micro-grid is established by using a plurality of objectives of the micro-grid system, such as optimal overall economic benefit, lowest overall operation cost of the system, and the like.

However, considering that wind, light and storage equipment may belong to different investors in the actual planning process, the overall optimal idea may contradict the idea that investors pursue the optimal interests of each, so that the multi-objective optimization method has a certain limitation.

Disclosure of Invention

The disclosure aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a micro-grid capacity configuration optimization method based on game theory.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for optimizing capacity configuration of a micro-grid based on game theory is provided, where the method includes:

step S110, establishing a structure and an output function of an independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid, and determining an energy scheduling strategy;

Step S120, modeling the income function of each investment unit in the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid;

step S130, corresponding non-cooperative game models and wind-solar dominant game models are established for each unit main body according to the actual operation mode of the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid system;

and step 140, solving the established game model by combining a particle swarm algorithm and an iterative algorithm to obtain an optimization scheme of capacity configuration.

In some alternative embodiments, in step S110, the structure of the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid established includes a wind power generator set, a photovoltaic power generator set, an energy storage battery set, and a diesel generator; wherein,

the wind generating set is connected to a DC bus through a rectifier, and the photovoltaic generating set is connected to the DC bus through a DC/DC converter;

the energy storage battery pack is charged and discharged according to the real-time generated power and the instruction of the load receiving controller, and the diesel generator is connected to the AC bus through the inverter to supply power to the load.

In some alternative embodiments, the establishing the structure and the output function of the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid comprises:

Step S111, building a wind turbine generator output model:

in an independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid system, the output force of a wind turbine generator can be constrained by the installed scale and actual conditions; when the installed capacity is determined, the maximum value of the wind power output at each moment is determined by the actual conditions of weather, environment and the like, and the wind power output and the wind speed meet the following nonlinear relation (1):

in the formula ,p_WG (t) is the wind power generation output at the time t, v (t) is the real-time wind speed at the time t, v _i Cut-in wind speed v for wind turbine generator system _o Cut-out wind speed v for wind turbine generator system _r For rated wind speed of wind turbine generator, P _WG The installed capacity value of the wind turbine generator is set;

step S112, building a photovoltaic output model:

similarly, the output of photovoltaic is also constrained by the installed scale and practical situation; when the installed capacity is determined, the output of the photovoltaic is related to the illumination intensity and the temperature, and the output of the photovoltaic can be represented by the following relational expression (2):

in the formula ,p_PV (t) is the photovoltaic power generation output at the moment t, alpha _PV For the power derating coefficient, P of the unit _PV For the installed capacity of the photovoltaic, A _t For the actual irradiance of the photoelectric unit at the moment t, A _s Irradiance under standard conditions (unit: kW/m) ² )；α _T Is the power temperature coefficient, T _stp Is the temperature under standard conditions; due to alpha _T The value of (2) is relatively very small, the influence of temperature variation on the photovoltaic output is approximately 0, so that the output of the photovoltaic unit can be approximately proportional to the actual irradiance A _t The following relation (3):

step S113, establishing an electricity storage system output model:

the SOC of the battery is the ratio of the remaining battery power to the full battery power, and the following relation (4):

in the formula ,C_e (t) is the residual quantity of the storage battery at the moment t, C _full Is the capacity of the storage battery;

definition p _e (t) is the charge-discharge power of the storage battery, when p _e When (t) is less than or equal to 0, the storage battery is charged, and when p _e When (t) > 0, the energy storage state of the storage battery can be expressed by the following relation (5)

Wherein alpha is the self-discharge efficiency of the storage battery, beta _c and β_d Respectively the charge and discharge efficiency of the storage battery;

step S114, establishing constraint conditions

The power supply balance constraint is as follows relation (6):

p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)+p _de (t)＝p _d (t) (6)

in the formula ,p_de (t) output of the diesel generator at time t, p _d (t) is the load demand at time t;

the unit output constraint is represented by the following relations (7) to (11):

0≤p _WG (t)≤P _WG (7)

0≤p _PV (t)≤P _PV (8)

SOC _min ≤SOC≤SOC _max (9)

|p _e (t)|≤p _e,max (10)

0≤p _de (t)≤p _de,max (11)

in the formula ,SOC_min 、SOC _max Respectively lower limit and upper limit of SOC, p _e,max For maximum charge-discharge power of energy storage battery, p _de,max Is a diesel generatorMaximum power of operation.

In some alternative embodiments, the determining the energy scheduling policy includes:

step S115, formulating an independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid energy scheduling strategy:

the wind generating set and the photovoltaic generating set jointly generate and output electric energy for supplying to a load and storing energy to the battery pack; the power of the microgrid at time t is expressed by the following relation (12):

in the formula ,S_ess (t) is the stored electric energy of the energy storage device at the moment t;

a) When the wind-solar power generation output of the micro-grid at the moment t is larger than the power which can be absorbed by the micro-grid at the moment t, namely p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)＞P _mar (t) the wind power and the photoelectricity discard part of electric energy according to the generated energy respectively, namely, wind discarding or light discarding phenomenon is generated; the energy of the wind and light respectively received by the micro-grid at this time is represented by the following relations (13) and (14):

in the formula ,p_WG.S (t)、p _PV.S (t) receiving wind power generation capacity and photovoltaic power generation capacity by the micro-grid at the moment t respectively;

b) When p _d (t)≤p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)≤P _mar (t) the microgrid accommodates all renewable power generation, and excess electrical energy is used for charging an energy storage battery;

c) When p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)＜p _d (t) the discharge of the energy storage battery is started, and if the renewable energy source generates electricity and the energy storage battery is still discharged due to the randomness and the fluctuation of the renewable energy sourceThe load demand can be met, the small diesel generator starts to work, the output interval is 0 to rated power, if the diesel generator still can not meet the load demand when reaching the rated power, a part of load needs to be cut off at the moment so as to ensure the normal operation of important loads.

In some optional embodiments, the step S120 specifically includes:

the power generation system is input with construction cost at one time in the initial stage, the income is continuously obtained in the operation life period, and the consideration of the annual average economic benefit in the whole life period of the wind-solar storage equipment has more practical significance; solving the game model needs to optimize annual economic benefits of investors, and meanwhile, the micro-grid power supply reliability is ensured to meet the requirements; wind-solar energy storage respective annual economic benefit function U _x The following relation (15):

U _x ＝I _x -C _x -E _x (15)

wherein, subscript x takes WG, PV, b; i _x 、C _x 、E _x Respectively the income, the construction operation maintenance cost and the expense to be paid due to insufficient power supply in the whole life cycle of the equipment;

step S121, annual income function

Step S1211, wind power generation income

The income of the wind generating set is expressed as the following relation (16):

I _WG ＝I _WG.s +I _WG.sub +I _WG.d (16)

in the formula I_WG.s 、I _WG.sub 、I _WG.d The electric energy selling benefits, government subsidies and residual values of the equipment operation reaching years are respectively obtained;

assuming that the government subsidizes wind investors with unit electric energy, the subsidized coefficient can be converted into unit wind power online electricity price, and the electric energy selling income including the government subsidized income is represented by the following relational expression (17):

in the formula ,R_WG To account for government subsidized electricity generation, the electricity price is on the net, T represents the total hours of operation;

The wind driven generator cannot continue to work after reaching the service life of the equipment, but has residual value, and when calculating annual income, the cash discount rate of funds needs to be considered, and the income needs to be converted into each year, and the equipment residual value is represented by the following relational expression (18):

in the formula ,i_WG.d The residual value of the fan with unit capacity is r is the cash register rate of funds, L _WG The service life of the fan is prolonged;

the calculation of the photovoltaic power generation income is similar to wind power generation;

step S1212, energy storage battery revenue:

the energy storage equipment balances the energy supply and demand relation between the system and the load through charge and discharge control, and plays a role in smoothing the output force of the power generation system, and when the energy storage equipment receives the energy, the energy storage electricity price income I is calculated _b.s Government patch I _b.sub Consider also the auxiliary service benefit I of the energy storage battery _b.e The revenue function is the following relation (19):

I _b ＝I _b.s +I _b.sub +I _b.e (19)

for randomness and fluctuation of wind-light power generation output, the energy storage battery can be regarded as the spare capacity of new energy power generation in the power grid, redundant renewable energy power generation is stored when the load of the power grid is low, electric energy output is provided when the output of the renewable energy is insufficient, the load curve of the system can be leveled, and the auxiliary service payment cost of the energy storage battery is required to be the following relational expression (20):

in the formula R_b.e Auxiliary service profit coefficient for units;

step S122, annual construction operation cost function

The annual construction operation cost of investors comprises annual construction cost C _x.con And annual operation maintenance cost C _x.m Specifically, the following relational expression (21) is satisfied;

C _x ＝C _x.con +C _x.m (21)

the construction cost of the equipment is one-time investment cost, the time value of money needs to be considered when the annual construction cost is calculated, and the annual construction cost and the annual operation maintenance cost which are considered for the fund return coefficient are expressed by the following relational expressions (22) to (24):

C _WG.con ＝c _WG.con P _WG f _WG.cr (22)

C _WG.m ＝c _WG.m P _WG (24)

in the formula ,c_WG.con The construction cost of the fan with unit capacity is c _WG.m F is the running maintenance cost of the fan with unit capacity _WG.cr The return coefficient of the fan fund;

step S123, insufficient power cost function

When the output of the wind-solar energy storage, the wind-solar energy storage and the wind-solar energy storage do not meet the regional power consumption requirement, the diesel generator needs to be started, and the wind-solar energy storage, the wind-solar energy storage and the wind-solar energy storage need to pay corresponding electricity purchasing cost E to the diesel generator for the energy consumption of diesel power generation and the generated environmental pollution _c The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The related cost is commonly born by three parties, the specific distribution method is that the wind-solar storage party initially discusses and decides the distribution payment proportion, and the wind-solar storage party selects the distribution according to the rated capacity;

taking wind power as an example, the following relations (25) and (26) are given as the fees paid due to insufficient power:

in the formula ,R_c The power consumption coefficient is the power consumption coefficient for diesel power generation.

In some optional embodiments, the step S130 specifically includes:

each group main body in the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid system is regarded as a game player, the output of the group is a game strategy, and the main bodies can be cooperated or non-cooperated in an actual operation mode; in the non-cooperative game, each player seeks a strategy of maximizing own benefit to execute because of no protocol with constraint force; in the cooperative game, players take collective rationality as a basis, so that the coalition income is maximized firstly, and then the income of each player is maximized through reasonable distribution of interests;

step S131, wind-solar storage non-cooperative game model

In the wind-solar storage non-cooperative game, wind-solar storage three parties respectively select rated installed capacity, the decision goal is that the respective annual economic benefit is optimal, and the economic benefit of the independent party in the micro-grid is not only dependent on the rated capacity of the independent party but also related to the capacities of other two parties; the investors of the wind, light and storage equipment in the game select rated installed capacity (or do not know the rated installed capacity selected by others before decision making), the investors are rational, other investors are rational, and the investors fully know the relevant information of the income functions, decision making space and the like of the other investors; the wind-solar-storage non-cooperative game forms a static complete information game, and comprises the following elements of game participants, decisions, income functions, game solutions and the like, wherein the description is as follows:

a) The participants in the game are investors of wind, light and storage respectively, and are marked as WG, PV and b;

b) The decision of the participators is wind, light and stored respective installed capacity P _WG 、P _PV 、P _b ；

c) The game income function is the annual economic benefit U of wind, light and storage _WG 、U _PV 、U _b ；

d) Nash equalization solution with pure strategyAs a solution to the game;

in the game, the strategy selected by each participant must be the optimal reaction to the strategy selected by other participants, namely, the participant voluntarily selects a pure strategy Nash equilibrium solution as the own strategy, no participant is willing to deviate from the solution independently and select other strategies, and if one participant selects other strategies independently, the income of the participant is certainly reduced; the definition of pure strategy nash equalization is as follows:

u-shape memory _i As a benefit function of participant i, s _i Strategy for participant i, S _i For the decision space of participant i, the game standard expression g= { S of n people ₁ ，...,S _n ；u ₁ ,...u _n In the strategy combination of pure strategy Nash equalizationIs->For S _i All policies s in (3) _i ，/>The optimal solution to the following optimization problem is the following relation (27):

pure strategy Nash equalization S ^* The calculation form of (a) is as follows (relation 28):

step S132, master-slave game model with wind-solar cooperation leading function

In the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid, wind power and photoelectricity are preferentially used because the wind power generator set and the photovoltaic generator set have no power generation cost, and the energy storage system is used for providing electric energy output when wind power and photoelectricity power supply cannot meet the load; to a certain extent, the installed capacities of the wind generating set and the photovoltaic generating set guide investors of the energy storage battery system to the capacity configuration of the energy storage battery system, and after the investors observing wind power and photoelectricity select the capacities of the wind generating set and the photovoltaic generating set, the investors determine the capacity of the energy storage battery; based on the method, a master-slave game model with wind-solar cooperation leading can be established, and in the game, a wind power investor and a photovoltaic investor select cooperation to seek the comprehensive income maximization of the wind power investor and the photovoltaic investor; the important characteristic of the master-slave game is that the master selects a proper strategy first, and the follower knows the strategy made by the master before the decision; gaming is described as:

a) The dominant of the game is a wind-light alliance investor, the follower is an energy storage battery investor, and the energy storage battery investor is marked as WG+PV and b;

b) The decision of the participants is the installed capacity (P _WG 、P _PV )、P _b ；

c) The game income function is the annual economic benefit U of the wind-light alliance and the energy storage battery _WG+PV 、U _b ；

Wind-solar investors obtain benefits according to contributions in the coalition, namely the total benefits obtained in the game are distributed by using shape values in the cooperative game theory, and the benefits U obtained by individuals i participating in the coalition Z _i The calculation modes are as follows relational expressions (29) and (30):

wherein S is all subsets containing member i in the federation Z, z|and S|are the numbers of the members contained in the federation and the subsets respectively, U (S) is the federation benefit of the federation S, and U (S\i) is the federation benefit without containing member i;

the action sequence in master-slave game is

a) Determining installed capacity P by wind-light alliance _WG 、P _PV ；

b) The investor of the energy storage battery knows the installed capacity of the wind and light and determines the capacity U of the energy storage battery _b 。

In some optional embodiments, the step S140 specifically includes:

step S141, solving wind-solar storage non-cooperative game

The iterative algorithm for solving the pure strategy nash equilibrium solution is as follows:

a) Establishing a profit model U of each party participating in games _WG ，U _PV ，U _b ；

b) Inputting relevant parameters and relevant historical data required by calculation to determine a strategy space S _WG 、S _PV 、S _b ；

c) Determining population numbers, and initializing participant policies (P _WG0 ，P _PV0 ，P _b0 ) The initial value can be set to a reasonable value according to experience;

d) The calculation formulas of the fitness function are the following relational expressions (31) to (34):

minf＝min(Δ _WG +Δ _PV +Δ _b ) (34)

e) Updating the population and judging the exit iteration condition, wherein the judgment condition is that the set iteration times are reached or f is less than or equal to epsilon, and epsilon is used for representing the approximation degree of Nash equilibrium solution;

step S142, master-slave game model solving of wind-solar cooperation leading

The master-slave game process of wind-light cooperation is as follows:

a) Wind-solar alliance determination of installed capacity (P _WG0 ，P _PV0 )；

b) After obtaining the wind-solar installed capacity information, the energy storage equipment selects proper energy storage battery capacity P _b1 Maximizing self-benefits as shown in the following relation (35):

because the parties in the game know the respective profit functions, the wind-solar alliance can predict the selection P of the investors of the energy storage battery _b0 The wind-solar hybrid will adjust its decision accordingly, as shown in relation (36) below:

in another aspect of the disclosure, a computer readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, is capable of implementing the method according to the preceding description.

According to the micro-grid capacity configuration optimization method based on the game theory, all units in the micro-grid of the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator are not regarded as a whole to be optimized, the relations among investment subjects of all units in the system are considered, the thought of the game theory is used for seeing the interaction among the behaviors of all the subjects, and the method is favorable for coping with the diversity of the micro-grid system. The method and the system take benefit maximization of each main body in the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid as an optimization target, establish a cooperative game model and a non-cooperative game model with capacity configuration, can realize optimization of the multi-main body multi-target problem, and obtain solutions satisfactory to all main bodies.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for optimizing capacity configuration of a micro-grid based on game theory according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a process diagram of an implementation of two gaming models in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating a typical daily profile of a wind power output per unit power in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a typical daily graph of power output of a photovoltaic power generation per unit power according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a typical daily load curve of another embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the present disclosure will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1, a method for optimizing capacity configuration of a micro-network based on game theory, the method includes:

step S110, establishing a structure and an output function of an independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid, and determining an energy scheduling strategy;

step S120, modeling the income function of each investment unit in the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid;

step S130, corresponding non-cooperative game models and wind-solar dominant game models are established for each unit main body according to the actual operation mode of the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid system;

And step 140, solving the established game model by combining a particle swarm algorithm and an iterative algorithm to obtain an optimization scheme of capacity configuration.

According to the micro-grid capacity configuration optimization method based on the game theory, all units in the micro-grid of the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator are not regarded as a whole to be optimized, the relations among investment subjects of all units in the system are considered, the thought of the game theory is used for seeing the interaction among the behaviors of all the subjects, and the method is favorable for coping with the diversity of the micro-grid system. The method and the system take benefit maximization of each main body in the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid as an optimization target, establish a cooperative game model and a non-cooperative game model with capacity configuration, can realize optimization of the multi-main body multi-target problem, and obtain solutions satisfactory to all main bodies.

In some alternative embodiments, in step S110, in combination with fig. 2, the structure of the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid is built to include a wind generating set 1, a photovoltaic generating set 2, an energy storage battery set 5 and a diesel generator 8. The wind generating set 1 is connected to a DC bus through a rectifier 3, and the photovoltaic generating set 2 is connected to the DC bus through a DC/DC converter 4. The energy storage battery 5 is connected to a DC bus via the controller 6 and to an AC bus via the controller 6 and the inverter 7. The energy storage battery 6 is charged and discharged according to the real-time generated power and the instruction of the load receiving controller, and the diesel generator 8 is connected into the AC bus through the inverter 7 to supply power to the load.

In some alternative embodiments, the establishing the structure and the output function of the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid comprises:

step S111, building a wind turbine generator output model:

in an independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid system, the output force of a wind turbine generator can be constrained by the installed scale and actual conditions; when the installed capacity is determined, the maximum value of the wind power output at each moment is determined by the actual conditions of weather, environment and the like, and the wind power output and the wind speed meet the following nonlinear relation (1):

in the formula ,p_WG (t) is the wind power generation output at the time t, v (t) is the real-time wind speed at the time t, v _i Cut-in wind speed v for wind turbine generator system _o Cut-out wind speed v for wind turbine generator system _r For rated wind speed of wind turbine generator, P _WG The installed capacity value of the wind turbine generator is set;

step S112, building a photovoltaic output model:

similarly, the output of photovoltaic is also constrained by the installed scale and practical situation; when the installed capacity is determined, the output of the photovoltaic is related to the illumination intensity and the temperature, and the output of the photovoltaic can be represented by the following relational expression (2):

in the formula ,p_PV (t) is the photovoltaic power generation output at the moment t, alpha _PV For the power derating coefficient, P of the unit _PV For the installed capacity of the photovoltaic, A _t For the actual irradiance of the photoelectric unit at the moment t, A _s Irradiance under standard conditions (unit: kW/m) ² )；α _T Is the power temperature coefficient, T _stp Is the temperature under standard conditions; due to alpha _T The value of (2) is relatively very small, the influence of temperature variation on the photovoltaic output is approximately 0, so that the output of the photovoltaic unit can be approximately proportional to the actual irradiance A _t The following relation (3):

step S113, establishing an electricity storage system output model:

the SOC of the battery is the ratio of the remaining battery power to the full battery power, and the following relation (4):

in the formula ,C_e (t) is the residual quantity of the storage battery at the moment t, C _full Is the capacity of the storage battery;

definition p _e (t) is the charge-discharge power of the storage battery, when p _e When (t) is less than or equal to 0, the storage battery is charged, and when p _e When (t) > 0, the energy storage state of the storage battery can be expressed by the following relation (5)

Wherein alpha is the self-discharge efficiency of the storage battery, beta _c and β_d Respectively the charge and discharge efficiency of the storage battery;

step S114, establishing constraint conditions

The power supply balance constraint is as follows relation (6):

p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)+p _de (t)＝p _d (t) (6)

in the formula ,p_de (t) output of the diesel generator at time t, p _d (t) is the load demand at time t;

the unit output constraint is represented by the following relations (7) to (11):

0≤p _WG (t)≤P _WG (7)

0≤p _PV (t)≤P _PV (8)

SOC _min ≤SOC≤SOC _max (9)

|p _e (t)|≤p _e,max (10)

0≤p _de (t)≤p _de,max (11)

in the formula ,SOC_min 、SOC _max Respectively lower limit and upper limit of SOC, p _e,max For maximum charge-discharge power of energy storage battery, p _de,max Is the maximum power of the diesel generator operation.

In some alternative embodiments, the determining the energy scheduling policy includes:

step S115, formulating an independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid energy scheduling strategy:

the wind generating set and the photovoltaic generating set jointly generate and output electric energy for supplying to a load and storing energy to the battery pack; the power of the microgrid at time t is expressed by the following relation (12):

in the formula ,S_ess (t) is the stored electric energy of the energy storage device at the moment t;

a) When the wind-solar power generation output of the micro-grid at the moment t is larger than the power which can be absorbed by the micro-grid at the moment t, namely p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)＞P _mar (t) the wind power and the photoelectricity discard part of electric energy according to the generated energy respectively, namely, wind discarding or light discarding phenomenon is generated; the energy of the wind and light respectively received by the micro-grid at this time is represented by the following relations (13) and (14):

in the formula ,p_WG.S (t)、p _PV.S (t) receiving wind power generation capacity and photovoltaic power generation capacity by the micro-grid at the moment t respectively;

b) When p _d (t)≤p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)≤P _mar (t) the microgrid accommodates all renewable power generation, and excess electrical energy is used for charging an energy storage battery;

c) When p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)＜p _d And (t) discharging the energy storage battery, wherein due to randomness and fluctuation of the renewable energy source, if the renewable energy source generates electricity and the energy storage battery is discharged, the load demand can not be met, the small diesel generator starts to work, the output interval is 0 to rated power, and if the diesel generator reaches the rated power, the load demand can not be met, and at the moment, a part of load needs to be cut off so as to ensure the normal operation of important loads.

In some optional embodiments, the step S120 specifically includes:

power generationThe construction cost is input at one time in the initial stage, the income is continuously obtained in the operation life period, and the consideration of the annual average economic benefit in the whole life period of the wind-solar storage equipment has more practical significance; solving the game model needs to optimize annual economic benefits of investors, and meanwhile, the micro-grid power supply reliability is ensured to meet the requirements; wind-solar energy storage respective annual economic benefit function U _x The following relation (15):

U _x ＝I _x -C _x -E _x (15)

wherein, subscript x takes WG, PV, b; i _x 、C _x 、E _x Respectively the income, the construction operation maintenance cost and the expense to be paid due to insufficient power supply in the whole life cycle of the equipment;

step S121, annual income function

Step S1211, wind power generation income

The income of the wind generating set is expressed as the following relation (16):

I _WG ＝I _WG.s +I _WG.sub +I _WG.d (16)

in the formula I_WG.s 、I _WG.sub 、I _WG.d The electric energy selling benefits, government subsidies and residual values of the equipment operation reaching years are respectively obtained;

assuming that the government subsidizes wind investors with unit electric energy, the subsidized coefficient can be converted into unit wind power online electricity price, and the electric energy selling income including the government subsidized income is represented by the following relational expression (17):

in the formula ,R_WG To account for government subsidized electricity generation, the electricity price is on the net, T represents the total hours of operation;

The wind driven generator cannot continue to work after reaching the service life of the equipment, but has residual value, and when calculating annual income, the cash discount rate of funds needs to be considered, and the income needs to be converted into each year, and the equipment residual value is represented by the following relational expression (18):

in the formula ,i_WG.d The residual value of the fan with unit capacity is r is the cash register rate of funds, L _WG The service life of the fan is prolonged;

the calculation of the photovoltaic power generation income is similar to wind power generation;

step S1212, energy storage battery revenue:

the energy storage equipment balances the energy supply and demand relation between the system and the load through charge and discharge control, and plays a role in smoothing the output force of the power generation system, and when the energy storage equipment receives the energy, the energy storage electricity price income I is calculated _b.s Government patch I _b.sub Consider also the auxiliary service benefit I of the energy storage battery _b.e The revenue function is the following relation (19):

I _b ＝I _b.s +I _b.sub +I _b.e (19)

for randomness and fluctuation of wind-light power generation output, the energy storage battery can be regarded as the spare capacity of new energy power generation in the power grid, redundant renewable energy power generation is stored when the load of the power grid is low, electric energy output is provided when the output of the renewable energy is insufficient, the load curve of the system can be leveled, and the auxiliary service payment cost of the energy storage battery is required to be the following relational expression (20):

in the formula R_b.e Auxiliary service profit coefficient for units;

step S122, annual construction operation cost function

The annual construction operation cost of investors comprises annual construction cost C _x.con And annual operation maintenance cost C _x.m Specifically, the following relational expression (21) is satisfied;

C _x ＝C _x.con +C _x.m (21)

the construction cost of the equipment is one-time investment cost, the time value of money needs to be considered when the annual construction cost is calculated, and the annual construction cost and the annual operation maintenance cost which are considered for the fund return coefficient are expressed by the following relational expressions (22) to (24):

C _WG.con ＝c _WG.con P _WG f _WG.cr (22)

C _WG.m ＝c _WG.m P _WG (24)

in the formula ,c_WG.con The construction cost of the fan with unit capacity is c _WG.m F is the running maintenance cost of the fan with unit capacity _WG.cr The return coefficient of the fan fund;

step S123, insufficient power cost function

When the output of the wind-solar energy storage, the wind-solar energy storage and the wind-solar energy storage do not meet the regional power consumption requirement, the diesel generator needs to be started, and the wind-solar energy storage, the wind-solar energy storage and the wind-solar energy storage need to pay corresponding electricity purchasing cost E to the diesel generator for the energy consumption of diesel power generation and the generated environmental pollution _c The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The related cost is commonly born by three parties, the specific distribution method is that the wind-solar storage party initially discusses and decides the distribution payment proportion, and the wind-solar storage party selects the distribution according to the rated capacity;

taking wind power as an example, the following relations (25) and (26) are given as the fees paid due to insufficient power:

in the formula ,R_c The power consumption coefficient is the power consumption coefficient for diesel power generation.

In some optional embodiments, the step S130 specifically includes:

each group main body in the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid system is regarded as a game player, the output of the group is a game strategy, and the main bodies can be cooperated or non-cooperated in an actual operation mode; in the non-cooperative game, each player seeks a strategy of maximizing own benefit to execute because of no protocol with constraint force; in the cooperative game, players take collective rationality as a basis, so that the coalition income is maximized firstly, and then the income of each player is maximized through reasonable distribution of interests;

step S131, wind-solar storage non-cooperative game model

In the wind-solar storage non-cooperative game, wind-solar storage three parties respectively select rated installed capacity, the decision goal is that the respective annual economic benefit is optimal, and the economic benefit of the independent party in the micro-grid is not only dependent on the rated capacity of the independent party but also related to the capacities of other two parties; the investors of the wind, light and storage equipment in the game select rated installed capacity (or do not know the rated installed capacity selected by others before decision making), the investors are rational, other investors are rational, and the investors fully know the relevant information of the income functions, decision making space and the like of the other investors; the wind-solar-storage non-cooperative game forms a static complete information game, and comprises the following elements of game participants, decisions, income functions, game solutions and the like, wherein the description is as follows:

a) The participants in the game are investors of wind, light and storage respectively, and are marked as WG, PV and b;

b) The decision of the participators is wind, light and stored respective installed capacity P _WG 、P _PV 、P _b ；

c) The game income function is the annual economic benefit U of wind, light and storage _WG 、U _PV 、U _b ；

d) Nash equalization solution with pure strategyAs a solution to the game;

in the game, the strategy selected by each participant must be the optimal reaction to the strategy selected by other participants, namely, the participant voluntarily selects a pure strategy Nash equilibrium solution as the own strategy, no participant is willing to deviate from the solution independently and select other strategies, and if one participant selects other strategies independently, the income of the participant is certainly reduced; the definition of pure strategy nash equalization is as follows:

u-shape memory _i As a benefit function of participant i, s _i Strategy for participant i, S _i For the decision space of participant i, the game standard expression g= { S of n people ₁ ，...,S _n ；u ₁ ,...u _n In the strategy combination of pure strategy Nash equalizationIs->For S _i All policies s in (3) _i ，/>The optimal solution to the following optimization problem is the following relation (27):

pure strategy Nash equalization S ^* The calculation form of (a) is as follows (relation 28):

/>

step S132, master-slave game model with wind-solar cooperation leading function

In the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid, wind power and photoelectricity are preferentially used because the wind power generator set and the photovoltaic generator set have no power generation cost, and the energy storage system is used for providing electric energy output when wind power and photoelectricity power supply cannot meet the load; to a certain extent, the installed capacities of the wind generating set and the photovoltaic generating set guide investors of the energy storage battery system to the capacity configuration of the energy storage battery system, and after the investors observing wind power and photoelectricity select the capacities of the wind generating set and the photovoltaic generating set, the investors determine the capacity of the energy storage battery; based on the method, a master-slave game model with wind-solar cooperation dominant can be established, and in the game, a wind power investor and a photovoltaic investor select cooperation to seek the comprehensive benefit maximization of the wind power investor and the photovoltaic investor. The important characteristic of the master-slave game is that the master selects a proper strategy first, and the follower knows the strategy made by the master before the decision; gaming is described as:

a) The dominant of the game is a wind-light alliance investor, the follower is an energy storage battery investor, and the energy storage battery investor is marked as WG+PV and b;

b) The decision of the participants is the installed capacity (P _WG 、P _PV )、P _b ；

c) The game income function is the annual economic benefit U of the wind-light alliance and the energy storage battery _WG+PV 、U _b ；

Wind-solar investors obtain benefits according to contributions in the coalition, namely the total benefits obtained in the game are distributed by using shape values in the cooperative game theory, and the benefits U obtained by individuals i participating in the coalition Z _i The calculation modes are as follows relational expressions (29) and (30):

wherein S is all subsets containing member i in the federation Z, z|and S|are the numbers of the members contained in the federation and the subsets respectively, U (S) is the federation benefit of the federation S, and U (S\i) is the federation benefit without containing member i;

the action sequence in master-slave game is

a) Determining installed capacity P by wind-light alliance _WG 、P _PV ；

b) Energy storage electricPool investors understand the installed capacity of wind and light and determine the capacity U of the energy storage battery _b 。

In some optional embodiments, the step S140 specifically includes:

step S141, solving wind-solar storage non-cooperative game

The iterative algorithm for solving the pure strategy nash equilibrium solution is as follows:

a) Establishing a profit model U of each party participating in games _WG ，U _PV ，U _b ；

b) Inputting relevant parameters and relevant historical data required by calculation to determine a strategy space S _WG 、S _PV 、S _b ；

c) Determining population numbers, and initializing participant policies (P _WG0 ，P _PV0 ，P _b0 ) The initial value can be set to a reasonable value according to experience;

d) The calculation formulas of the fitness function are the following relational expressions (31) to (34):

minf＝min(Δ _WG +Δ _PV +Δ _b ) (34)

e) Updating the population and judging the exit iteration condition, wherein the judgment condition is that the set iteration times are reached or f is less than or equal to epsilon, and epsilon is used for representing the approximation degree of Nash equilibrium solution;

step S142, master-slave game model solving of wind-solar cooperation leading

The master-slave game process of wind-light cooperation is as follows:

a) Wind-solar energy combinationAlliance determination of installed capacity (P _WG0 ，P _PV0 )；

b) After obtaining the wind-solar installed capacity information, the energy storage equipment selects proper energy storage battery capacity P _b1 Maximizing self-benefits as shown in the following relation (35):

because the parties in the game know the respective profit functions, the wind-solar alliance can predict the selection P of the investors of the energy storage battery _b0 The wind-solar hybrid will adjust its decision accordingly, as shown in relation (36) below:

the implementation of the two game models is shown in fig. 3.

The following describes, in a specific example, the procedure of the disclosed game theory-based microgrid capacity configuration optimization method:

considering that the output and load data of one year are large, and the conditions of adjacent days in the same season have similarity, wind power, photovoltaic and load data of typical days are selected for analysis to represent the average condition of one year for simplifying calculation. Data selected from a typical daily wind speed, illumination intensity, load, etc. of a certain region are shown in fig. 4 to 6. A wind-light micro-grid is established for supplying power to the region, wind, light and gas equipment belongs to different investors, wind, light and gas non-cooperative game model calculation is established for the system, namely, each investor plays games with the maximum benefit of each investor as a target. Data relating to the corresponding working equipment and electricity prices are shown in tables 1 and 2 below:

TABLE 1 wind-solar energy storage parameters for power supplies

Table 2 operating parameters of each unit

The preset rated power of the diesel generator is 60kW, and the initial residual electric quantity is the lower limit value of the SOC. The relevant information of each structure of the micro-grid in the calculation process is given in table 1, and the energy storage cost coefficient is calculated according to rationality, and other relevant parameters are as follows: r is R _b.e =0.04 yuan/(kw·h), R _c =0.43 yuan/(kw·h), R _out =1.5 yuan/(kw·h).

The optimized results (device capacity and corresponding yields) for the two game models are shown in table 3:

table 3 wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid capacity optimization results in different gaming modes

Whatever the investment mode, the installed capacity and the income of the fan are higher than those of the photovoltaic and energy storage batteries, which indicates that wind power is a main contributor to the power output of the micro-grid. In an example, local wind resources are rich, wind power construction cost is relatively low, which is a direct cause of large wind power scale, wind power and photoelectric price only play a secondary role in the game model, and the change of the wind power and photoelectric price can have a certain influence on wind power and photoelectric power scale, but the result that wind power is dominant is not changed. .

In addition, because of uncertainty in wind and light, the sum of capacities of the fan and the photovoltaic exceeds the maximum value in a typical daily load curve in order to obtain larger benefits.

Wind, light investors prefer wind, light dominated gaming modes and energy storage investors prefer wind, light, non-cooperative gaming modes based on the change in revenue. It should be noted that, the gaming mode among the wind, light and storage parties is determined by the market environment, in the master-slave gaming theory, the master needs to make decisions first and cannot cancel his own decisions, if the master has an undeniable advantage in the industry, the first action is possible, and then the master-slave gaming is only possible among the wind, light and storage parties.

In another aspect of the disclosure, a computer readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, is capable of implementing the method according to the preceding description.

Wherein the computer readable medium may be embodied in the apparatus, device, system of the present disclosure or may exist alone.

Wherein the computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program that can be an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, semiconductor system, apparatus, device, more specific examples of which include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, an optical fiber, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

The computer-readable storage medium may also include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, with the computer-readable program code embodied therein, specific examples of which include, but are not limited to, electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof.

It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments employed to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the disclosure, and are also considered to be within the scope of the disclosure.

Claims (4)

1. The method for optimizing the capacity configuration of the micro-grid based on the game theory is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step S110, establishing a structure and an output function of an independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid, and determining an energy scheduling strategy;

step S120, modeling the income function of each investment unit in the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid;

step S130, corresponding non-cooperative game models and wind-solar dominant game models are established for each unit main body according to the actual operation mode of the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid system;

Step S140, solving the established game model by combining a particle swarm algorithm and an iterative algorithm to obtain an optimization scheme of capacity configuration;

the determining an energy scheduling policy includes:

step S115, formulating an independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid energy scheduling strategy:

the wind generating set and the photovoltaic generating set jointly generate and output electric energy for supplying to a load and storing energy to the battery pack; the power of the microgrid at time t is expressed by the following relation (12):

in the formula ,S_ess (t) is the stored electric energy of the energy storage device at the moment t;

a) When the wind-solar power generation output of the micro-grid at the moment t is larger than the power which can be absorbed by the micro-grid at the moment t, namely p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)＞P _mar (t) the wind power and the photoelectricity discard part of electric energy according to the generated energy respectively, namely, wind discarding or light discarding phenomenon is generated; the energy of the wind and light respectively received by the micro-grid at this time is represented by the following relations (13) and (14):

in the formula ,p_WG.S (t)、p _PV.S (t) receiving wind power generation capacity and photovoltaic power generation capacity by the micro-grid at the moment t respectively;

b) When p _d (t)≤p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)≤P _mar (t) the microgrid accommodates all renewable power generation, and excess electrical energy is used for charging an energy storage battery;

c) When p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)＜p _d (t) the energy storage battery starts to discharge, and because of randomness and fluctuation of the renewable energy source, if the renewable energy source power generation and the energy storage battery discharge can not meet the load demand, the small diesel generator starts to work, the output interval is 0 to rated power, and if the diesel generator can not meet the load demand when reaching the rated power, a part of load is needed to be cut off at the moment so as to ensure the normal operation of important load;

The step S120 specifically includes:

the power generation system is input with construction cost at one time in the initial stage, the income is continuously obtained in the operation life period, and the consideration of the annual average economic benefit in the whole life period of the wind-solar storage equipment has more practical significance; solving the game model needs to optimize annual economic benefits of investors, and meanwhile, the micro-grid power supply reliability is ensured to meet the requirements; wind-solar energy storage respective annual economic benefit function U _x The following relation (15):

U _x ＝I _x -C _x -E _x (15)

wherein, subscript x takes WG, PV, b; i _x 、C _x 、E _x Respectively the income, the construction operation maintenance cost and the expense to be paid due to insufficient power supply in the whole life cycle of the equipment;

step S121, annual income function

Step S1211, wind power generation income

The income of the wind generating set is expressed as the following relation (16):

I _WG ＝I _WG.s +I _WG.sub +I _WG.d (16)

in the formula I_WG.s 、I _WG.sub 、I _WG.d For obtaining income for selling electric energy, subsidy for government and service life of equipment respectivelyResidual values;

assuming that the government subsidizes wind investors with unit electric energy, the subsidized coefficient can be converted into unit wind power online electricity price, and the electric energy selling income including the government subsidized income is represented by the following relational expression (17):

in the formula ,R_WG To account for government subsidized electricity generation, the electricity price is on the net, T represents the total hours of operation;

the wind driven generator cannot continue to work after reaching the service life of the equipment, but has residual value, and when calculating annual income, the cash discount rate of funds needs to be considered, and the income needs to be converted into each year, and the equipment residual value is represented by the following relational expression (18):

in the formula ,i_WG.d The residual value of the fan with unit capacity is r is the cash register rate of funds, L _WG The service life of the fan is prolonged;

the calculation of the photovoltaic power generation income is similar to wind power generation;

step S1212, energy storage battery revenue:

the energy storage equipment balances the energy supply and demand relation between the system and the load through charge and discharge control, and plays a role in smoothing the output force of the power generation system, and when the energy storage equipment receives the energy, the energy storage electricity price income I is calculated _b.s Government patch I _b.sub Consider also the auxiliary service benefit I of the energy storage battery _b.e The revenue function is the following relation (19):

I _b ＝I _b.s +I _b.sub +I _b.e (19)

for randomness and fluctuation of wind-light power generation output, the energy storage battery can be regarded as the spare capacity of new energy power generation in the power grid, redundant renewable energy power generation is stored when the load of the power grid is low, electric energy output is provided when the output of the renewable energy is insufficient, the load curve of the system can be leveled, and the auxiliary service payment cost of the energy storage battery is required to be the following relational expression (20):

in the formula R_b.e Auxiliary service profit coefficient for units;

step S122, annual construction operation cost function

The annual construction operation cost of investors comprises annual construction cost C _x.con And annual operation maintenance cost C _x.m Specifically, the following relational expression (21) is satisfied;

C _x ＝C _x.con +C _x.m (21)

The construction cost of the equipment is one-time investment cost, the time value of money needs to be considered when the annual construction cost is calculated, and the annual construction cost and the annual operation maintenance cost which are considered for the fund return coefficient are expressed by the following relational expressions (22) to (24):

C _WG.con ＝c _WG.con P _WG f _WG.cr (22)

C _WG.m ＝c _WG.m P _WG (24)

in the formula ,c_WG.con The construction cost of the fan with unit capacity is c _WG.m F is the running maintenance cost of the fan with unit capacity _WG.cr The return coefficient of the fan fund;

step S123, insufficient power cost function

When the output of the wind-solar energy storage, the wind-solar energy storage and the wind-solar energy storage do not meet the regional power consumption requirement, the diesel generator needs to be started, and the wind-solar energy storage, the wind-solar energy storage and the wind-solar energy storage need to pay corresponding electricity purchasing cost E to the diesel generator for the energy consumption of diesel power generation and the generated environmental pollution _c The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The related cost is commonly born by three parties, in particularAccording to the distribution method of the system, a wind-solar storage party initially discusses and decides a distribution payment proportion, and the distribution is carried out according to rated capacity;

taking wind power as an example, the following relations (25) and (26) are given as the fees paid due to insufficient power:

in the formula ,R_c The power consumption coefficient is used for purchasing power for diesel power generation;

the step S130 specifically includes:

each group main body in the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid system is regarded as a game player, the output of the group is a game strategy, and the main bodies can be cooperated or non-cooperated in an actual operation mode; in the non-cooperative game, each player seeks a strategy of maximizing own benefit to execute because of no protocol with constraint force; in the cooperative game, players take collective rationality as a basis, so that the coalition income is maximized firstly, and then the income of each player is maximized through reasonable distribution of interests;

Step S131, wind-solar storage non-cooperative game model

In the wind-solar storage non-cooperative game, wind-solar storage three parties respectively select rated installed capacity, the decision goal is that the respective annual economic benefit is optimal, and the economic benefit of the independent party in the micro-grid is not only dependent on the rated capacity of the independent party but also related to the capacities of other two parties; the investors of the wind, light and storage equipment in the game select rated installed capacity at the same time or do not know the rated installed capacity selected by others before decision making, the investors are rational, other investors are rational, and the investors fully know the relevant information of the income functions, decision making space and the like of the other investors; the wind-solar-storage non-cooperative game forms a static complete information game, and comprises the following elements of game participants, decisions, income functions, game solutions and the like, wherein the description is as follows:

a) The participants in the game are investors of wind, light and storage respectively, and are marked as WG, PV and b;

b) The decision of the participators is wind, light and stored respective installed capacity P _WG 、P _PV 、P _b ；

c) The game income function is the annual economic benefit U of wind, light and storage _WG 、U _PV 、U _b ；

d) Nash equalization solution with pure strategyAs a solution to the game;

in the game, the strategy selected by each participant must be the optimal reaction to the strategy selected by other participants, namely, the participant voluntarily selects a pure strategy Nash equilibrium solution as the own strategy, no participant is willing to deviate from the solution independently and select other strategies, and if one participant selects other strategies independently, the income of the participant is certainly reduced; the definition of pure strategy nash equalization is as follows:

U-shape memory _i As a benefit function of participant i, s _i Strategy for participant i, S _i For the decision space of participant i, the game standard expression g= { S of n people ₁ ，...,S _n ；u ₁ ,...u _n In the strategy combination of pure strategy Nash equalizationIs->For S _i All policies s in (3) _i ，/>The optimal solution to the following optimization problem is the following relation (27):

pure strategy Nash equalization S ^* The calculation form of (a) is as follows (relation 28):

step S132, master-slave game model with wind-solar cooperation leading function

In the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid, wind power and photoelectricity are preferentially used because the wind power generator set and the photovoltaic generator set have no power generation cost, and the energy storage system is used for providing electric energy output when wind power and photoelectricity power supply cannot meet the load; to a certain extent, the installed capacities of the wind generating set and the photovoltaic generating set guide investors of the energy storage battery system to the capacity configuration of the energy storage battery system, and after the investors observing wind power and photoelectricity select the capacities of the wind generating set and the photovoltaic generating set, the investors determine the capacity of the energy storage battery; based on the method, a master-slave game model with wind-solar cooperation leading can be established, and in the game, a wind power investor and a photovoltaic investor select cooperation to seek the comprehensive income maximization of the wind power investor and the photovoltaic investor; the important characteristic of the master-slave game is that the master selects a proper strategy first, and the follower knows the strategy made by the master before the decision; gaming is described as:

a) The dominant of the game is a wind-light alliance investor, the follower is an energy storage battery investor, and the energy storage battery investor is marked as WG+PV and b;

b) The decision of the participants is the installed capacity (P _WG 、P _PV )、P _b ；

c) The game income function is the annual economic benefit U of the wind-light alliance and the energy storage battery _WG+PV 、U _b ；

The wind-solar investors acquire the benefits according to the contributions in the alliance, namely the total benefits acquired in the game are distributed by using the shape value in the cooperative game theory,revenue U obtained by individuals i participating in federation Z _i The calculation modes are as follows relational expressions (29) and (30):

wherein S is all subsets containing member i in the federation Z, z|and S|are the numbers of the members contained in the federation and the subsets respectively, U (S) is the federation benefit of the federation S, and U (S\i) is the federation benefit without containing member i;

the action sequence in master-slave game is

a) Determining installed capacity P by wind-light alliance _WG 、P _PV ；

b) The investor of the energy storage battery knows the installed capacity of the wind and light and determines the capacity U of the energy storage battery _b ；

The step S140 specifically includes:

step S141, solving wind-solar storage non-cooperative game

The iterative algorithm for solving the pure strategy nash equilibrium solution is as follows:

a) Establishing a profit model U of each party participating in games _WG ，U _PV ，U _b ；

b) Inputting relevant parameters and relevant historical data required by calculation to determine a strategy space S _WG 、S _PV 、S _b ；

c) Determining population numbers, and initializing participant policies (P _WG0 ，P _PV0 ，P _b0 ) The initial value can be set to a reasonable value according to experience;

d) The calculation formulas of the fitness function are the following relational expressions (31) to (34):

minf＝min(Δ _WG +Δ _PV +Δ _b ) (34)

e) Updating the population and judging the exit iteration condition, wherein the judgment condition is that the set iteration times are reached or f is less than or equal to epsilon, and epsilon is used for representing the approximation degree of Nash equilibrium solution;

step S142, master-slave game model solving of wind-solar cooperation leading

The master-slave game process of wind-light cooperation is as follows:

a) Wind-solar alliance determination of installed capacity (P _WG0 ，P _PV0 )；

b) After obtaining the wind-solar installed capacity information, the energy storage equipment selects proper energy storage battery capacity P _b1 Maximizing self-benefits as shown in the following relation (35):

because the parties in the game know the respective profit functions, the wind-solar alliance can predict the selection P of the investors of the energy storage battery _b0 The wind-solar hybrid will adjust its decision accordingly, as shown in relation (36) below:

2. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step S110, the structure of the individual wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid established comprises a wind power generator set, a photovoltaic power generator set, an energy storage battery set and a diesel generator; wherein,

The wind generating set is connected to a DC bus through a rectifier, and the photovoltaic generating set is connected to the DC bus through a DC/DC converter;

the energy storage battery pack is charged and discharged according to the real-time generated power and the instruction of the load receiving controller, and the diesel generator is connected to the AC bus through the inverter to supply power to the load.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the establishing the structure and the output function of the independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator microgrid comprises:

step S111, building a wind turbine generator output model:

in an independent wind/light/storage/diesel generator micro-grid system, the output force of a wind turbine generator can be constrained by the installed scale and actual conditions; when the installed capacity is determined, the maximum value of the wind power output at each moment is determined by the actual conditions of weather, environment and the like, and the wind power output and the wind speed meet the following nonlinear relation (1):

in the formula ,p_WG (t) is the wind power generation output at the time t, v (t) is the real-time wind speed at the time t, v _i Cut-in wind speed v for wind turbine generator system _o Cut-out wind speed v for wind turbine generator system _r For rated wind speed of wind turbine generator, P _WG The installed capacity value of the wind turbine generator is set;

step S112, building a photovoltaic output model:

Similarly, the output of photovoltaic is also constrained by the installed scale and practical situation; when the installed capacity is determined, the output of the photovoltaic is related to the illumination intensity and the temperature, and the output of the photovoltaic can be represented by the following relational expression (2):

in the formula ,p_PV (t) is the photovoltaic power generation output at the moment t, alpha _PV For the power derating coefficient, P of the unit _PV For the installed capacity of the photovoltaic, A _t For the actual irradiance of the photoelectric unit at the moment t, A _s Irradiance under standard conditions, units: kW/m ² ；α _T Is the power temperature coefficient, T _stp Is the temperature under standard conditions; due to alpha _T The value of (2) is relatively very small, the influence of temperature variation on the photovoltaic output is approximately 0, so that the output of the photovoltaic unit can be approximately proportional to the actual irradiance A _t The following relation (3):

step S113, establishing an electricity storage system output model:

the SOC of the battery is the ratio of the remaining battery power to the full battery power, and the following relation (4):

in the formula ,C_e (t) is the residual quantity of the storage battery at the moment t, C _full Is the capacity of the storage battery;

definition p _e (t) is the charge-discharge power of the storage battery, when p _e When (t) is less than or equal to 0, the storage battery is charged, and when p _e When (t) > 0, the energy storage state of the storage battery can be expressed by the following relation (5)

Wherein alpha is the self-discharge efficiency of the storage battery, beta _c and β_d Respectively the charge and discharge efficiency of the storage battery;

step S114, establishing constraint conditions

The power supply balance constraint is as follows relation (6):

p _WG (t)+p _PV (t)+p _de (t)＝p _d (t) (6)

in the formula ,p_de (t) output of the diesel generator at time t, p _d (t) is the load demand at time t;

the unit output constraint is represented by the following relations (7) to (11):

0≤p _WG (t)≤P _WG (7)

0≤p _PV (t)≤P _PV (8)

SOC _min ≤SOC≤SOC _max (9)

|p _e (t)|≤p _e,max (10)

0≤p _de (t)≤p _de,max (11)

in the formula ,SOC_min 、SOC _max Respectively lower limit and upper limit of SOC, p _e,max For maximum charge-discharge power of energy storage battery, p _de,max Is the maximum power of the diesel generator operation.

4. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, is capable of implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.