JP2023141985A - blood purification device - Google Patents

Abstract

To prevent a pressure between two pumps arranged in series from becoming a negative pressure or an excess positive pressure at the time of priming by operating the two pumps.SOLUTION: A control part adjusts a rotation speed of one of two pumps such that a measurement value measured by a pressure measurement device is maintained to a certain positive pressure at the time of priming by closing a vein side on-off valve and operating the two pumps in a state where priming liquid is supplied from a priming liquid conduit to an artery side blood circuit, a blood purifier, and a vein side blood circuit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a blood purification device.

As a prior art document disclosing the configuration of a flow balancing device, there is Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2021-87787 (Patent Document 1). In the flow balancing device described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0000010, reliable flow balance is obtained by synchronizing the pump flow rates and using pressure sensors to synchronize the flow rates. A controller connected to the pressure sensor and the pump adjusts the effluent pump to the desired flow rate and the selected treatment fluid pump to achieve the desired pressure between the pumps, and adjusts the selected treatment fluid pump for the treatment fluid pump. The pressure is held stable over a period of time to achieve synchronous flow values.

JP2021-87787A

When priming two pumps arranged in series, it is undesirable for the pressure between the two pumps to become negative or excessively positive.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and when two pumps arranged in series are operated for priming, the pressure between the two pumps becomes negative pressure or excessively positive pressure. It is an object of the present invention to provide a blood purification device that can suppress this.

The blood purification device based on the present invention includes a blood purifier, an arterial blood circuit, a venous blood circuit, a fluid replacement line, a dialysate line, a drainage line, a blood pump, and an arterial air line. a trap chamber, an artery side on-off valve, a venous air trap chamber, a venous side on-off valve, a priming fluid line, a replacement fluid pump, a dialysate pump, a drainage pump, a first metering bag, and a pressure It includes a measuring device and a control section. The arterial blood circuit is connected to the blood purifier and is provided to allow blood to flow into the blood purifier. The venous blood circuit is connected to the blood purifier and is provided to drain blood from the blood purifier. The fluid replacement line is connected to the arterial blood circuit or the venous blood circuit and supplies fluid replacement. The dialysate line supplies dialysate to the blood purifier. The drain pipe channels the drain fluid discharged from the blood purifier. A blood pump is provided in the arterial blood circuit and pumps out blood. The arterial air trap chamber is provided in the arterial blood circuit. The arterial opening/closing valve is provided in the arterial blood circuit and opens and closes the arterial blood circuit. The venous air trap chamber is provided in the venous blood circuit. The venous opening/closing valve is provided in the venous blood circuit and opens and closes the venous blood circuit. The priming liquid conduit is connected to the arterial blood circuit between the arterial on-off valve and the blood pump, and supplies the priming liquid. The replacement fluid pump is provided in the replacement fluid conduit and sends out replacement fluid. The dialysate pump is installed in the dialysate line and pumps out the dialysate. The drain pump is provided in the drain pipe and sends out the drain liquid. The first measuring bag is connected to the replacement fluid conduit, and is capable of temporarily storing replacement fluid and delivering the stored replacement fluid. The pressure measuring device measures the pressure between any two of the blood pump, dialysate pump, and drainage pump. Measured values measured by the pressure measuring device are input to the control section. The control unit executes priming by closing the venous opening/closing valve and operating the two pumps mentioned above while the priming liquid is supplied from the priming liquid line to the arterial blood circuit, the blood purifier, and the venous blood circuit. At this time, the rotation speed of one of the two pumps is adjusted so that the value measured by the pressure measuring device is maintained at a constant positive pressure.

In one form of the invention, the pressure measurement device includes an arterial pressure measurement device that measures the pressure in the arterial air trap chamber, a venous pressure measurement device that measures the pressure in the venous air trap chamber, and a drain pipe. It is any one of the drainage pressure measurement devices that measure the pressure within the passage.

In one form of the invention, the two pumps include a blood pump and a drainage pump. The control unit executes priming by rotating the blood pump and the drainage pump in the normal direction.

In one form of the invention, the two pumps are comprised of a dialysate pump and a drainage pump. The control unit executes priming by rotating the dialysate pump in normal rotation and the drainage pump in normal rotation.

In one form of the invention, the two pumps are comprised of a blood pump and a dialysate pump. The control unit performs priming by rotating the blood pump in the normal direction and rotating the dialysate pump in the reverse direction.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the constant positive pressure is 5 kPa or more and 7 kPa or less.

According to the present invention, when operating two pumps arranged in series for priming, it is possible to suppress the pressure between the two pumps from becoming negative pressure or excessively positive pressure.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an electrical connection relationship between a control unit and each component in a blood purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a flowchart showing an operation when performing priming by operating any two of the blood pump, dialysate pump, and drainage pump in the blood purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a first priming state in which priming is executed by operating a blood pump and a drainage pump in the blood purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a second priming state in which priming is executed by operating a dialysate pump and a drainage pump in the blood purification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a third priming state in which priming is executed by operating a blood pump and a dialysate pump in the blood purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A blood purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the embodiments, the same or corresponding parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

In the following description of the embodiments, a blood purification device used for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) will be described as a blood purification device. However, blood purification devices are used for either continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF), continuous hemofiltration (CHF), or continuous hemodialysis (CHD). It may also be a blood purification device.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a blood purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a blood purification device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a blood purifier 120, an arterial blood circuit 110, a venous blood circuit 116, a fluid replacement line 131, and a dialysate tube. line 141, drainage line 151, blood pump 111, arterial air trap chamber 112, arterial on-off valve 110v, venous air trap chamber 114, venous on-off valve 116v, and priming liquid line. 191, a replacement fluid pump 161, a dialysate pump 160, a drainage pump 162, a first measuring bag 140, a pressure measuring device, and a control section.

The blood purification device 100 includes a first supply source 130, a priming liquid supply source 190, a first connection line 132, a second connection line 152, an artery side supply/exhaust line 117, and a venous side supply/exhaust line. passage 118, second weighing bag 150, first valve 141v, second valve 131v, third valve 151v, fourth valve 152v, fifth valve 191v, sixth valve 117v, and seventh valve. 118v, an artery side protection filter 117f, a venous side protection filter 118f, a drainage protection filter 151f, a first heater 170, a second heater 171, and a scale 180.

Blood purifier 120 includes therein a semipermeable membrane 125 made of, for example, a hollow fiber membrane. Blood purifier 120 has a blood inlet 121 and a blood outlet 122. An arterial blood circuit 110 is connected to the blood inlet 121 . A venous blood circuit 116 is connected to the blood outlet 122 .

The arterial blood circuit 110 is provided with a blood pump 111 that pumps out blood. In the arterial blood circuit 110, an arterial air trap chamber 112 is provided between the blood pump 111 and the blood purifier 120. The arterial air trap chamber 112 is provided with an arterial pressure measuring device 113 that measures the pressure inside the arterial air trap chamber 112 . An artery side protection filter 117f is provided between the artery side air trap chamber 112 and the artery side pressure measuring device 113. The arterial blood circuit 110 is provided with an arterial opening/closing valve 110v that opens and closes the arterial blood circuit 110.

Blood collected from the patient's artery flows through the arterial blood circuit 110 and has its pressure measured as it passes through the arterial air trap chamber 112, and then flows into the blood purifier 120 from the blood inlet 121. The arterial air trap chamber 112 is provided to prevent air from entering the blood in the arterial blood circuit 110.

The venous blood circuit 116 is provided with a venous air trap chamber 114 . The venous air trap chamber 114 is provided with a venous pressure measuring device 115 that measures the pressure inside the venous air trap chamber 114 . A venous protection filter 118f is provided between the venous air trap chamber 114 and the venous pressure measuring device 115. The venous blood circuit 116 is provided with a venous opening/closing valve 116v that opens and closes the venous blood circuit 116.

The blood purified by the blood purifier 120 flows through the venous blood circuit 116, has its pressure measured as it passes through the venous air trap chamber 114, and is then returned to the patient's vein. The venous air trap chamber 114 is provided to prevent air from entering the blood in the venous blood circuit 116.

Blood purifier 120 further includes a dialysate inlet 124 and a drain outlet 123. A dialysate conduit 141 is connected to the dialysate inlet 124 . A drain pipe line 151 is connected to the drain outlet 123 .

The upstream end of the dialysate line 141 is connected to a first supply source 130 that supplies a first fluid 10, which is a replacement fluid and a dialysate. The dialysate pipe line 141 is connected to the upstream end of the replacement fluid pipe line 131. A dialysate pump 160 that pumps out dialysate is connected to the dialysate line 141 . The dialysate pump 160 is a peristaltic pump, but may also be a roller pump. The dialysate that has flowed through the dialysate line 141 is supplied into the blood purifier 120 . A first valve 141v that opens and closes the dialysate line 141 is provided upstream of the connection position with the replacement fluid line 131 in the dialysate line 141. A first heater 170 that heats the dialysate is provided downstream of the dialysate pump 160 in the dialysate pipeline 141 . Note that the first heater 170 may not be provided.

A replacement fluid pump 161 that pumps out replacement fluid is connected to the replacement fluid pipe line 131 . The replacement fluid pump 161 is a peristaltic pump, but may also be a roller pump. A first connection pipe 132 through which the first liquid 10 flows is connected to the replacement fluid pipe 131 . A second valve 131v that opens and closes the replacement fluid pipeline 131 is provided upstream of the connection position with the first connection pipeline 132 in the fluid replacement pipeline 131. A second heater 171 that heats the replacement fluid is provided downstream of the replacement fluid pump 161 in the replacement fluid conduit 131 . Note that the second heater 171 may not be provided.

In this embodiment, the replacement fluid conduit 131 is connected to the venous blood circuit 116. Specifically, the fluid replacement line 131 is connected to the venous air trap chamber 114. The replacement fluid flowing through the replacement fluid conduit 131 is supplied into the venous air trap chamber 114. That is, the replacement fluid conduit 131 supplies replacement fluid to the venous blood circuit 116. The blood purification apparatus 100 employs a so-called post-dilution method. Note that the replacement fluid conduit 131 may be connected to the arterial blood circuit 110. In this case, the fluid replacement line 131 is connected to the arterial air trap chamber 112.

The first connection conduit 132 is connected to a first measuring bag 140 that temporarily stores the first liquid 10 and is capable of delivering the stored first liquid 10.

Drainage fluid discharged from the blood purifier 120 is discharged from the downstream end of the drainage pipe line 151. A drain pump 162 is connected to the drain pipe 151 for pumping out the drain fluid flowing through the drain pipe 151 . The drain pump 162 is a peristaltic pump, but may also be a roller pump. A second connection pipe 152 through which the drain fluid flows is connected to the drain pipe 151 . The drain pipe 151 is provided with a third valve 151v that opens and closes the drain pipe 151. A drain pressure measuring device 153 that measures the pressure inside the drain pipe 151 is provided in the drain pipe 151 located between the drain outlet 123 and the drain pump 162 . A drain protection filter 151f is provided between the drain pipe 151 and the drain pressure measuring device 153.

The second connection conduit 152 is connected to a second measuring bag 150 that can temporarily store wastewater and send out the stored wastewater. The second connecting pipe line 152 is provided with a fourth valve 152v that opens and closes the second connecting pipe line 152.

The first weighing bag 140 and the second weighing bag 150 are housed in the housing section 181. Each of the first weighing bag 140 and the second weighing bag 150 is a soft bag in which no air vent hole is formed.

The housing section 181 is connected to the measuring section of the scale 180. In this embodiment, scale 180 is a load cell. However, the scale 180 is not limited to a load cell, and may be a spring balance or the like. The scale 180 measures the overall weight change of the first weighing bag 140 and the second weighing bag 150. In a state where the fourth valve 152v closes the second connection line 152, the scale 180 can measure a change in the weight of the first weighing bag 140.

The priming liquid conduit 191 is connected between the arterial on-off valve 110v and the blood pump 111 in the arterial blood circuit 110, and supplies the priming liquid 20. The priming liquid conduit 191 is provided with a fifth valve 191v that opens and closes the priming liquid conduit 191. The priming liquid 20 is a physiological saline solution or the like.

The artery side supply/exhaust pipe line 117 is connected between the artery side pressure measurement device 113 and the artery side protection filter 117f. The artery side supply and exhaust line 117 is provided with a sixth valve 117v that opens and closes the artery side supply and exhaust line 117. The arterial air supply/exhaust line 117 is configured to be able to exhaust air from the arterial air trap chamber 112 and to supply air into the arterial air trap chamber 112 .

The venous supply/exhaust pipe line 118 is connected between the venous pressure measurement device 115 and the venous protection filter 118f. The venous side supply/exhaust line 118 is provided with a seventh valve 118v that opens and closes the venous side supply/exhaust line 118. The venous supply/exhaust conduit 118 is configured to be able to exhaust the air in the venous air trap chamber 114 and to supply air into the venous air trap chamber 114 .

Each of the arterial protection filter 117f and the venous protection filter 118f has a function of preventing blood from flowing out of the blood circuit and a function of preventing infection from the pressure measurement device. The drainage protection filter 151f has a function of preventing drainage from flowing out to the outside of the drainage pipe 151, and a function of preventing infection from the pressure measuring device.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the electrical connection relationship between the control unit and each component in the blood purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 1 included in the blood purification device 100 includes a blood pump 111, an artery-side on-off valve 110v, a venous-side on-off valve 116v, a first valve 141v, a second valve 131v, a third valve 151v, and a third valve 151v. 4 valve 152v, 5th valve 191v, 6th valve 117v, 7th valve 118v, arterial pressure measuring device 113, venous pressure measuring device 115, dialysate pump 160, replacement fluid pump 161, drainage pump 162, drainage pressure It is electrically connected to each of the measuring device 153 and the scale 180.

The control unit 1 includes the arterial side measured value measured by the arterial side pressure measuring device 113, the venous side measured value measured by the venous side pressure measuring device 115, and the drained fluid measured value measured by the drained fluid pressure measuring device 153. Any one measurement value is selectively input.

Specifically, to perform priming of the blood pump 111, the dialysate pump 160, and the drainage pump 162 among the arterial pressure measurement device 113, the venous pressure measurement device 115, and the drainage pressure measurement device 153. The measured value of a pressure measuring device that measures the pressure between any two pumps that are operated is input to the control unit 1.

A measured value of the overall weight change of the first weighing bag 140 and the second weighing bag 150 measured by the scale 180 is input to the control unit 1 .

The control unit 1 includes a blood pump 111, an artery-side on-off valve 110v, a venous-side on-off valve 116v, a first valve 141v, a second valve 131v, a third valve 151v, a fourth valve 152v, a fifth valve 191v, and a sixth valve 117v. , the seventh valve 118v, the dialysate pump 160, the replacement fluid pump 161, and the drainage pump 162.

Hereinafter, in the blood purification apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the operation when performing priming by operating any two of the blood pump 111, the dialysate pump 160, and the drainage pump 162 will be described.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation when performing priming by operating any two of the blood pump, dialysate pump, and drainage pump in the blood purification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a first priming state in which priming is executed by operating a blood pump and a drainage pump in the blood purification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

With the priming liquid 20 being supplied from the priming liquid line 191 to the arterial blood circuit 110, blood purifier 120, and venous blood circuit 116 as shown in FIG. Priming is performed by closing the venous on-off valve 116v and operating two pumps of the blood pump 111, dialysate pump 160, and drainage pump 162 (step S1).

In the first priming state, the control unit 1 performs priming by causing the blood pump 111 to rotate normally and the drainage pump 162 to rotate normally. That is, in the first priming state, the two pumps in operation are the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162.

Specifically, the control unit 1 causes the dialysate pump 160 to stop, the replacement fluid pump 161 to stop, the artery side on-off valve 110v to be in a closed state, the first valve 141v to be in a closed state, the second valve 131v to be in a closed state, and the fourth valve to be in a closed state. The valve 152v is closed, the fifth valve 191v is open, the sixth valve 117v is closed, and the seventh valve 118v is closed. With the priming liquid 20 supplied to the venous blood circuit 116, the venous on-off valve 116v is closed and the third valve 151v is opened to rotate the blood pump 111 in normal rotation and the drain pump 162 in normal rotation. make it turn

As a result, the priming liquid 20 passes through the semipermeable membrane 125 in the blood purifier 120, thereby filtering and cleaning the semipermeable membrane 125. The priming liquid 20 that has passed through the semipermeable membrane 125 flows through a drain pipe 151 and is discharged.

The control unit 1 determines whether the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the pressure measuring device in the first priming state is maintained at a constant positive pressure (step S2). The certain positive pressure is, for example, 5 kPa or more and 7 kPa or less.

The pressure measuring devices that can measure the pressure in the communication space between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 in the first priming state are the arterial pressure measuring device 113, the venous pressure measuring device 115, and the draining pressure measuring device 153. It is. Note that the communication space between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 also includes a space that communicates with the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 via the semipermeable membrane 125.

Therefore, the pressure measurement device that measures the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 in the first priming state is any of the arterial pressure measurement device 113, the venous pressure measurement device 115, and the drainage pressure measurement device 153. Or one.

The control unit 1 controls the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 when the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the pressure measurement device in step S2 is not maintained at a constant positive pressure. Adjust the rotation speed of one of the pumps (step S3).

For example, if the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the venous pressure measurement device 115 in step S2 is less than the above-described certain positive pressure, the rotational speed of the blood pump 111 is maintained and the drainage is performed. The rotation speed of the liquid pump 162 is lowered, or the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is increased while the rotation speed of the drain pump 162 is maintained.

Conversely, if the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the venous pressure measuring device 115 in step S2 exceeds the above-described certain positive pressure, the rotation speed of the drainage pump 162 is maintained. The rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is lowered while maintaining the rotation speed of the blood pump 111, or the rotation speed of the drainage pump 162 is increased while the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is maintained.

After step S3, the control unit 1 performs step S2 again. The control unit 1 controls the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 when the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the pressure measuring device in step S2 is maintained at a constant positive pressure. Each rotation speed is maintained (step S4). The control unit 1 performs closed loop control to repeatedly perform step S2 in order to maintain the rotational speed of each of the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 in step S4.

By performing the above steps, when the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 arranged in series through the communication space are operated and primed, the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the drainage pump 162 is reduced to negative pressure or Excessive positive pressure can be prevented. Note that if the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the drain pump 162 becomes negative pressure, this is not preferable because air bubbles will be generated due to shearing of the priming liquid 20. If the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the drain pump 162 becomes excessively positive, it is necessary to open the venous opening/closing valve 116v to discharge the priming liquid 20, which is not preferable because the priming liquid 20 is wasted. do not have.

In the blood purification device 100 according to the present embodiment, the flow rate of the blood pump 111 and the flow rate of the drain pump 162 can be made equal without providing a flow meter for each of the blood pump 111 and the drain pump 162. , it is possible to suppress an increase in the manufacturing cost of the blood purification device 100.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a second priming state in which priming is executed by operating the dialysate pump and the drainage pump in the blood purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

With the priming liquid 20 being supplied from the priming liquid line 191 to the arterial blood circuit 110, blood purifier 120, and venous blood circuit 116 as shown in FIG. Priming is performed by closing the venous on-off valve 116v and operating two pumps of the blood pump 111, dialysate pump 160, and drainage pump 162 (step S1).

In the second priming state, the control unit 1 performs priming by rotating the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 in the normal direction. That is, in the second priming state, the two pumps in operation are the dialysate pump 160 and the drain pump 162.

Specifically, the control unit 1 causes the blood pump 111 to stop, the fluid replacement pump 161 to stop, the artery side on-off valve 110v to be in a closed state, the first valve 141v to be in an open state, the second valve 131v to be in a closed state, and the fourth valve to be in a closed state. 152v is in a closed state, the fifth valve 191v is in an open state, the sixth valve 117v is in a closed state, and the seventh valve 118v is in a closed state. With the priming liquid 20 being supplied to the venous blood circuit 116, the venous on-off valve 116v is closed and the third valve 151v is opened to rotate the dialysate pump 160 in normal rotation and the drain pump 162 in normal rotation. make it turn

As a result, the first liquid 10 passes through the outer circumferential side of the semipermeable membrane 125, thereby cleaning the outer circumferential side of the semipermeable membrane 125. The first liquid 10 that has passed through the outer circumferential side of the semipermeable membrane 125 flows through the drain pipe 151 and is discharged.

The control unit 1 determines whether the measured value between the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the pressure measuring device in the second priming state is maintained at a constant positive pressure (step S2). . The certain positive pressure is, for example, 5 kPa or more and 7 kPa or less.

In the second priming state, the pressure measurement devices that can measure the pressure in the communication space between the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 include the arterial pressure measurement device 113, the venous pressure measurement device 115, and the drainage pressure measurement device. It is 153. Note that the communication space between the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 also includes a space that communicates with the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 via the semipermeable membrane 125.

Therefore, the pressure measurement devices that measure the pressure between the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 in the second priming state are the arterial pressure measurement device 113, the venous pressure measurement device 115, and the drainage pressure measurement device 153. Either one.

When the measured value between the dialysate pump 160 and the drain pump 162 measured by the pressure measuring device in step S2 is not maintained at a constant positive pressure, the control unit 1 controls the dialysate pump 160 and the drain pump The rotation speed of one of the pumps 162 is adjusted (step S3).

For example, if the measured value between the dialysate pump 160 and the drain pump 162 measured by the drain pressure measuring device 153 in step S2 is less than the above-described certain positive pressure, the rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 is maintained. Alternatively, the rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 may be increased while the rotation speed of the drainage pump 162 is maintained.

Conversely, if the measured value between the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the drainage pressure measuring device 153 in step S2 exceeds the above-mentioned constant positive pressure, the rotation speed of the drainage pump 162 is The rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 is decreased while the rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 is maintained, or the rotation speed of the drainage pump 162 is increased while the rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 is maintained.

After step S3, the control unit 1 performs step S2 again. When the measured value between the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump 162 measured by the pressure measuring device in step S2 is maintained at a constant positive pressure, the control unit 1 controls the dialysate pump 160 and the drainage pump. 162 is maintained (step S4).

By performing the above steps, when operating and priming the dialysate pump 160 and the drain pump 162 arranged in series through the communication space, the pressure between the dialysate pump 160 and the drain pump 162 is reduced to negative. pressure or excessive positive pressure can be suppressed. Note that if the pressure between the dialysate pump 160 and the drain pump 162 becomes negative pressure, this is not preferable because air bubbles will be generated due to shearing of the first liquid 10. If the pressure between the dialysate pump 160 and the drain pump 162 becomes excessively positive, it is necessary to open the venous opening/closing valve 116v to discharge the priming liquid 20, which results in the priming liquid 20 being wasted. Undesirable.

In the blood purification apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the flow rate of the dialysate pump 160 and the flow rate of the drain pump 162 can be made equal without providing a flow meter for each of the dialysate pump 160 and the drain pump 162. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in the manufacturing cost of the blood purification device 100.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a third priming state in which priming is executed by operating a blood pump and a dialysate pump in the blood purification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

With the priming liquid 20 being supplied from the priming liquid line 191 to the arterial blood circuit 110, blood purifier 120, and venous blood circuit 116 as shown in FIG. Priming is performed by closing the venous on-off valve 116v and operating two pumps of the blood pump 111, dialysate pump 160, and drainage pump 162 (step S1).

In the third priming state, the control unit 1 executes priming by rotating the blood pump 111 in the normal direction and rotating the dialysate pump 160 in the reverse direction. That is, in the third priming state, the two pumps in operation are the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160.

Specifically, the control unit 1 causes the fluid replacement pump 161 to stop, the drainage pump 162 to stop, the artery side on-off valve 110v to be in a closed state, the first valve 141v to be in a closed state, the third valve 151v to be in a closed state, and the fourth valve to be closed. The valve 152v is closed, the fifth valve 191v is open, the sixth valve 117v is closed, and the seventh valve 118v is closed. With the priming liquid 20 supplied to the venous blood circuit 116, the venous on-off valve 116v is closed and the second valve 131v is opened to rotate the blood pump 111 forward and the dialysate pump 160 reversely. let

As a result, the priming liquid 20 flows into the first measuring bag 140, thereby priming the first measuring bag 140.

The control unit 1 determines whether the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 measured by the pressure measuring device in the third priming state is maintained at a constant positive pressure (step S2). The certain positive pressure is, for example, 5 kPa or more and 7 kPa or less.

The pressure measuring devices that can measure the pressure in the communication space between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 in the third priming state are the arterial pressure measuring device 113, the venous pressure measuring device 115, and the drainage pressure measuring device 153. It is. Note that the communication space between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 also includes a space that communicates with the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 via the semipermeable membrane 125.

Therefore, the pressure measurement device that measures the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 in the third priming state is any of the arterial pressure measurement device 113, the venous pressure measurement device 115, and the drainage pressure measurement device 153. Or one.

The control unit 1 controls the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 when the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 measured by the pressure measuring device in step S2 is not maintained at a constant positive pressure. Adjust the rotation speed of one of the pumps (step S3).

For example, if the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 measured by the venous pressure measuring device 115 in step S2 is less than the above-described certain positive pressure, the rotational speed of the blood pump 111 is maintained and the dialysis is performed. The rotation speed of the liquid pump 160 is lowered, or the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is increased while the rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 is maintained.

Conversely, if the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 measured by the venous pressure measurement device 115 in step S2 exceeds the above-described certain positive pressure, the rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 is maintained. The rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is lowered while maintaining the rotation speed of the blood pump 111, or the rotation speed of the dialysate pump 160 is increased while the rotation speed of the blood pump 111 is maintained.

After step S3, the control unit 1 performs step S2 again. The control unit 1 controls the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 when the measured value between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 measured by the pressure measuring device in step S2 is maintained at a constant positive pressure. Each rotation speed is maintained (step S4).

By performing the above steps, when the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 arranged in series through the communication space are operated and primed, the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 is reduced to negative pressure or Excessive positive pressure can be prevented. Note that if the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 becomes negative, this is not preferable because air bubbles will be generated due to shearing of the priming liquid 20. If the pressure between the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160 becomes excessively positive, it is necessary to open the venous on-off valve 116v and discharge the priming liquid 20, which is not preferable because the priming liquid 20 is wasted. do not have.

In the blood purification device 100 according to the present embodiment, the flow rate of the blood pump 111 and the flow rate of the dialysate pump 160 can be made equal without providing a flow meter for each of the blood pump 111 and the dialysate pump 160. , it is possible to suppress an increase in the manufacturing cost of the blood purification device 100.

In the blood purification device 100 according to the present embodiment, three priming states, ie, a first priming state to a third priming state, can be executed, but the configuration is not limited to a configuration in which all three primings can be executed; It is sufficient if at least one of the primings can be executed.

The embodiments disclosed this time should be considered to be illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes within the meaning and range equivalent to the claims are included.

1 control unit, 10 first liquid, 20 priming liquid, 100 blood purification device, 110 arterial blood circuit, 110v arterial opening/closing valve, 111 blood pump, 112 arterial air trap chamber, 113 arterial pressure measuring device, 114 vein Side air trap chamber, 115 Venous side pressure measuring device, 116 Venous side blood circuit, 116v Venous side on/off valve, 117 Arterial side supply/exhaust line, 117f Arterial side protective filter, 117v 6th valve, 118 Venous side supply/exhaust line , 118f Venous protection filter, 118v Seventh valve, 120 Blood purifier, 121 Blood inlet, 122 Blood outlet, 123 Drainage outlet, 124 Dialysate inlet, 125 Semipermeable membrane, 130 First supply source, 131 Replacement fluid conduit , 131v second valve, 132 first connection line, 140 first measuring bag, 141 dialysate line, 141v first valve, 150 second measuring bag, 151 drain line, 151f drain protection filter, 151v first 3 valve, 152 2nd connection pipe, 152v 4th valve, 153 Drainage pressure measuring device, 160 Dialysate pump, 161 Replacement fluid pump, 162 Drainage pump, 170 First heater, 171 Second heater, 180 Scale, 181 accommodating part, 190 priming liquid supply source, 191 priming liquid pipe line, 191v fifth valve.

Claims (6)

blood purifier,
an arterial blood circuit connected to the blood purifier for causing blood to flow into the blood purifier;
a venous blood circuit connected to the blood purifier for flowing blood from the blood purifier;
a fluid replacement conduit connected to the arterial blood circuit or the venous blood circuit and supplying fluid replacement;
a dialysate pipe line that supplies dialysate to the blood purifier;
a drainage pipe line through which drainage fluid discharged from the blood purifier flows;
a blood pump that is provided in the arterial blood circuit and pumps blood;
an arterial air trap chamber provided in the arterial blood circuit;
an arterial opening/closing valve provided in the arterial blood circuit and opening/closing the arterial blood circuit;
a venous air trap chamber provided in the venous blood circuit;
a venous opening/closing valve that is provided in the venous blood circuit and opens and closes the venous blood circuit;
a priming liquid conduit connected to the arterial blood circuit between the arterial opening/closing valve and the blood pump and supplying a priming liquid;
a replacement fluid pump that is installed in the replacement fluid pipeline and sends out the replacement fluid;
a dialysate pump that is installed in the dialysate pipeline and pumps out the dialysate;
a drain pump that is installed in the drain pipe and sends out the drain liquid;
a first measuring bag connected to the replacement fluid conduit, capable of temporarily storing the replacement fluid and delivering the stored replacement fluid;
a pressure measuring device that measures the pressure between any two of the blood pump, the dialysate pump, and the drainage pump;
A control unit into which the measured value measured by the pressure measuring device is input,
The control unit closes the venous on-off valve and turns on the two pumps in a state in which the priming liquid is supplied from the priming liquid line to the arterial blood circuit, the blood purifier, and the venous blood circuit. Adjusting the rotation speed of one of the two pumps so that the measured value measured by the pressure measuring device is maintained at a constant positive pressure when priming is performed by operating the pump. Blood purification device. The pressure measurement device includes an arterial pressure measurement device that measures the pressure in the arterial air trap chamber, a venous pressure measurement device that measures the pressure in the venous air trap chamber, and a pressure in the drainage line. The blood purification device according to claim 1, which is any one of a drainage pressure measurement device that measures blood pressure. The two pumps are composed of the blood pump and the drainage pump,
The blood purification device according to claim 2, wherein the control unit executes priming by rotating the blood pump in the normal direction and rotating the drainage pump in the normal direction. The two pumps are composed of the dialysate pump and the drainage pump,
The blood purification apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the control unit executes priming by rotating the dialysate pump in the normal direction and rotating the drainage pump in the normal direction. The two pumps are composed of the blood pump and the dialysate pump,
The blood purification apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the control unit executes priming by rotating the blood pump in the normal direction and rotating the dialysate pump in the reverse direction. The blood purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the constant positive pressure is 5 kPa or more and 7 kPa or less.

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