JP2023137393A - Refractory structure of coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a refractory structure of a coke oven, capable of, in a refractory structure of a coke oven, shortening a distance from a top edge of a heat storage body to a ceiling of a top part of a ceiling part space.SOLUTION: Disclosed is a refractory structure of a coke oven having a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber arranged in an upper stage and a heat storage chamber 1 arranged in a lower stage, wherein the refractory structure of the coke oven is characterized by that: the heat storage chamber 1 is sectioned by a pillar wall 7 between the neighboring other heat storage chamber in a length direction of a coke oven battery 32; a refractory constituting a ceiling part of the heat storage chamber 1 is constituted of a single refractory block (heat storage chamber ceiling part block 15) per the heat storage chamber 1 in the length direction of the coke oven battery 32; and both end parts 16 of the heat storage chamber ceiling part block 15 in the length direction of the coke oven battery 32 are supported by pillar walls 7 on both ends in the length direction of the coke oven battery 32 of the heat storage chamber 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a refractory structure for a coke oven, and particularly to a refractory structure for a ceiling portion of a coke oven heat storage chamber.

In a chamber furnace type coke oven, as shown in FIG. 2(A), a carbonization chamber 2 and a combustion chamber 3 are arranged in the upper stage, and a regenerator 1 is arranged in the lower stage. The carbonization chambers 2 and the combustion chambers 3 are arranged alternately in the furnace length direction 32. The part between the carbonization chamber 2 and the heat storage chamber 1 is called a bellows part 6. The heat storage chamber 1 is partitioned by a pillar wall 7 as shown in FIG. 2(B) as a partition between adjacent heat storage chambers 1a in the furnace length direction 32, It is partitioned off by a partition wall 8 as described in . Inside the heat storage chamber 1, gitter bricks are stacked as a heat storage body 5 (the dotted hatched area in FIG. 2(B)). A sole flue 4 is arranged at the lower part of the heat storage chamber 1. The heat storage chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 3 are connected by a gas flow path 9. Usually, the dimensions of the carbonization chamber are approximately 4 to 7.5 m in height, 350 to 550 mm in width, and 13 to 17 m in length. The partition wall between the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, the partition wall between the combustion chamber flues, the furnace top, the bellows part, the heat storage chamber, and the sole flute are all formed of refractory brickwork.

As shown in FIG. 2(B), the top of the heat storage chamber 1 has a shape in which pillar wall tops 13 (inverted trapezoidal portions surrounded by two-dot chain lines in FIG. 2(B)) protrude from both sides in the furnace length direction 32. It has a tapered shape and forms a ceiling space 12 up to the ceiling 11 (see Patent Document 1). The boundary between the ceiling space 12 and the pillar wall top 13 is herein referred to as a ceiling contour 14. For example, in a heat storage chamber with a width of 900 mm in the furnace length direction, the distance from the ceiling 11 to the upper end of the heat storage body 5 (the height of the ceiling space 12) was about 490 mm.

The refractory structure of coke ovens has traditionally been formed by laminating hand-laid bricks on-site. The work of stacking silica bricks using the hand-laying method is all done by hand, so in order to shorten the furnace construction period, it is necessary to carry out the work by a huge number of skilled furnace builders. However, since the number of skilled furnace builders is limited, it is difficult to secure a sufficient number of furnace builders to build a furnace in a short period of time.

The refractory structure of a coke oven is made by adding water to a granular refractory composition with a predetermined composition, kneading it, pouring it into a mold, and drying it, instead of stacking hand-laid bricks on-site as described above. It is known to form a large refractory block by using it as a refractory structure for a coke oven. Also called large precast refractory blocks.

Patent Document 2 describes an indoor furnace type in which large precast refractory blocks are used to construct at least a portion of the refractories constituting each of the combustion chamber, heat storage chamber, sole flue, bellows part, and furnace top of the coke oven. A method for constructing a coke oven is disclosed. Thereby, it is possible to provide a method for constructing an indoor coke oven and a refractory structure for an indoor coke oven that sufficiently reduces the number of skilled furnace builders required when constructing bricks for a coke oven.

Patent Document 3 describes a method for constructing a coke oven, in which at least the hearth, the sole flute, the heat storage chamber, and the bellows part, excluding the partition wall and Gitter bricks in the heat storage chamber, are constructed with refractory blocks on the coke oven foundation. A method of constructing a coke oven is disclosed, which comprises constructing a partition wall and Gitter bricks in a heat storage chamber after using and constructing the coke oven.

According to FIG. 1 of Patent Document 2 (a partial perspective view showing an example of a refractory structure of a coke oven), in the bellows part at the top of the regenerator, the top of the refractory that partitions the regenerator in the direction of the furnace length (see FIG. A large bellows-shaped precast block (16) is used at the top of the pillar wall (13) in (B), and the top of the pillar wall protrudes from both sides in the direction of the furnace head in a tapered shape at the top of the heat storage chamber. It can be seen that a heat storage chamber ceiling space similar to that shown in FIG. 2(B) is formed. Also in Patent Document 3, it can be seen that Fig. 6 of the same document shows a large precast block used for the bellows part, which has an inverted trapezoidal shape and forms the same ceiling space of the heat storage chamber as in Patent Document 1. .

Patent Document 4 discloses a suitable component composition of a precast block refractory for a coke oven.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-163164 JP 2019-112503 Publication JP2016-222758A International publication WO2017/146254

As described above, the conventional shape of the heat storage chamber 1 in a coke oven is such that the pillar wall top 13 protrudes as shown in FIG. It has a tapered shape. Since the heat storage body 5 cannot be placed in the ceiling space 12 that tapers upward, the ceiling space 12 does not have a function as a heat storage chamber, as shown in FIG. 2(B). Therefore, in the heightwise arrangement of the coke oven, the ceiling space 12 (from the upper end of the heat storage body 5 to the ceiling 11 at the top of the ceiling space 12) has become a height portion that is not effectively utilized.

The present invention provides a refractory structure for a coke oven in which a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber are arranged in the upper stage and a heat storage chamber is arranged in the lower stage. The purpose is to provide a refractory structure for a coke oven that can shorten the length of the coke oven.

That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
[1] A refractory structure of a coke oven in which a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber are arranged in the upper stage and a heat storage chamber is arranged in the lower stage,
The heat storage chamber is separated from other adjacent heat storage chambers by a pillar wall in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and height direction of the carbonization chamber (hereinafter referred to as the "furnace length direction"). Regarding the refractories constituting the ceiling, in the direction of the furnace head, each of the heat storage chambers is composed of a single refractory block (hereinafter referred to as the "heat storage chamber ceiling block"), and the heat storage chamber ceiling block A refractory structure for a coke oven, wherein both ends in the direction of the furnace bed length are supported by the pillar walls at both ends of the heat storage chamber in the direction of the furnace bed length.
[2] The refractory structure for a coke oven according to [1], wherein the surface of the heat storage chamber ceiling block facing the heat storage chamber has a planar shape.
[3] Gitter bricks are piled up in the heat storage chamber to form a heat storage body, and the distance between the surface of the heat storage chamber ceiling block facing the heat storage chamber and the upper end of the heat storage body is such that The refractory structure for a coke oven according to [1] or [2], wherein the width of the facing surface in the direction of the furnace bundling length is 0.5 times or less.
[4] The refractory structure for a coke oven according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the width of the heat storage chamber in the direction of the furnace bund length is 600 mm or more.

The present invention provides a refractory structure for a coke oven in which a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber are arranged in the upper stage and a heat storage chamber is arranged in the lower stage. By configuring each heat storage chamber with a single refractory block (heat storage chamber ceiling block), the distance from the upper end of the heat storage body to the ceiling at the top of the ceiling space can be shortened.

It is a sectional view of a heat storage chamber part showing an example of the refractory structure of the coke oven of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the refractory structure of a conventional coke oven, in which (A) is a cross-sectional view of the coke oven as seen from the direction of the furnace bunker head, and (B) is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line BB.

In recent large coke ovens, the width of the regenerator chamber in the direction of the furnace head is approximately 600 to 1000 mm. When the refractory structure of a coke oven is constructed from a stack of hand-laid bricks, the mass of each hand-laid brick is approximately 20 kg, and the size of the bricks used near the top of the heat storage chamber is the width in the oven length direction: 300 mm, and the length in the direction of the hearth length: about 375 mm. In particular, in a heat storage chamber whose width in the direction of the furnace head is 600 mm or more, if the ceiling structure of the heat storage chamber is constructed by stacking hand-laid bricks whose length in the direction of the furnace head is approximately 375 mm, the ceiling structure of the heat storage chamber is ), only by adopting a structure in which hand-laid bricks are stacked so that the pillar wall top part 13 protrudes, the weight of the upper part can be concentrated on the pillar wall part, and the upper part of the wall can be reduced. A structure that supports the ceiling space 12 can be constructed. It has become clear that the above reason is the reason why the ceiling space 12 of the conventional heat storage chamber has an upwardly tapering shape as shown in FIG. 2(B). On the other hand, even when using a large precast block instead of a stack of hand-laid bricks near the top of the pillar wall, a block in which the pillar wall top 13 protrudes has been used (see Patent Documents 2 and 3).

Regarding the refractories constituting the ceiling of the heat storage chamber, as shown in FIG. If both ends 16 of the regenerator ceiling block 15 in the furnace length direction 32 are supported by the pillar walls 7 at both ends of the regenerator 1 in the furnace length direction, even if the ceiling of the regenerator The idea was that even if the section was flat, it could withstand the load of the structure above the heat storage chamber.

In FIG. 1, the diagonally hatched portion is the refractory structure, and the dotted hatched portion is the heat storage body 5. In the diagonally hatched area, one graphic part (mainly rectangular) surrounded by thin lines means one refractory block. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the refractory structure from the sole flue 4 to the heat storage chamber 1 and the bellows part 6, including the heat storage chamber ceiling block 15 disposed on the ceiling of the heat storage chamber 1, are all large-sized. Composed of refractory blocks. A pillar wall 7 is located between the heat storage chamber 1 and the heat storage chamber 1a adjacent thereto in the furnace length direction 32, and the pillar wall 7 is also constructed of a large refractory block. The regenerator ceiling block 15 is composed of a single refractory block for each regenerator, and both ends 16 in the furnace length direction 32 are supported by the upper end 17 of the pillar wall 7 .

Even if the regenerator 1 has a width of 600 mm or more in the furnace length direction 32, as a result of applying the structure shown in FIG. It has become clear that it is possible to secure This reduces the distance from the ceiling 11 to the upper end of the heat storage body 5 to the minimum distance (300 mm) that can ensure the function of the heat storage chamber, for example, in a heat storage chamber whose width in the furnace length direction 32 is 930 mm. It has also become possible to narrow the space 12.

The shape of the lower surface of the heat storage chamber ceiling block 15 is most preferably flat, but a curved shape such as a concave shape may also be adopted.

In the present invention, by using the refractory structure as described above, the heat storage body 5 is formed by stacking Gitter bricks in the heat storage chamber 1, and the surface of the heat storage chamber ceiling block 15 facing the heat storage chamber 1 ( The distance between the ceiling 11) and the upper end of the heat storage body 5 is 0.5 of the width in the furnace length direction of the surface facing the heat storage chamber (width in the furnace length direction of the part of the heat storage chamber 1 that accommodates the heat storage body 5). It can be less than twice as much.

As a result of being able to shorten the distance between the surface of the heat storage chamber ceiling block 15 facing the heat storage chamber 1 and the upper end of the heat storage body 5, the volume of the ceiling space 12 can be reduced, and the total volume of the heat storage chamber 1 can be reduced. It is possible to reduce the unused volume of the coke oven and increase the effective utilization efficiency in the height direction of the coke oven.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the refractory structure, not only the heat storage chamber ceiling block 15, but also the sole flue 4, the heat storage chamber 1, and the bellows part 6, is composed of large refractory blocks. On the other hand, at least the heat storage chamber ceiling block 15 may be made of a large refractory block, and all or part of the other refractory structure may be made of hand-laid bricks.

The heat storage chamber ceiling block 15 can be formed as a refractory block formed by integrally molding a monolithic refractory. Specifically, it can be constructed by adding water to a monolithic refractory (powdered refractory) as a raw material, kneading it, pouring it into a mold, and drying it.

Large precast refractory blocks such as the heat storage chamber ceiling block 15 are required to have high hot strength and stable expansion behavior under load at high temperatures. In order to achieve such quality, it is preferable to use the following raw material composition. That is, as described in Patent Document 4, the content of the SiO ₂ component as the main component is approximately 65% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less, and the content of the P ₂ O ₅ component is 0.3% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less. contains. As the _SiO2 component source, it is preferable that the blending amount of fused silica is 65% by mass or more, the blending amount of silica stone is 17% by mass or less, and the blending amount of fumed silica is 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less. By setting the blending amount of fused silica to 65% by mass or more, shrinkage due to dehydration during drying can be canceled out. _{The P2O5} component functions as a binder component. By applying the P ₂ O ₅ component as a binder component, expansion/contraction behavior under load at high temperatures can be stably controlled while maintaining high hot strength. The content of the alkaline earth metal compound is preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and preferably 1.9% by mass or less. The above-mentioned siliceous raw material and phosphate are blended as a raw material blend, and organic fibers, dispersants, hardening accelerators, hardening retarders, sintering aids, etc. are blended as necessary, and the resulting raw material blend is It can be obtained by the usual manufacturing method for large precast refractory blocks, which involves adding an appropriate amount of construction water to the material, then kneading, forming, curing, and demolding.

Regarding the shape of the heat storage chamber ceiling block 15, regarding the length in the furnace length direction 32, in addition to the width of the heat storage chamber 1 in the furnace length direction 32, both ends 16 of the heat storage chamber ceiling block 15 are equal to the pillar wall top 13. It is sufficient as long as it has a length that can be supported by.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the bellows part 6 at the upper part of the heat storage chamber 1, the gas path of the gas flow path 9 is bent at a midway gas path bending position height 18. Regarding the height of the heat storage chamber ceiling block 15 in the height direction 33, the gas flow path 9 ranges from the path in one direction, that is, from the ceiling 11 of the heat storage chamber 1 to the gas path bending position height 18. It is preferable (see 15b in FIG. 1). As shown in 15a in FIG. 1, the height may be lower than the gas path bending position height 18.
The width in the furnace length direction 31 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to construct it between the partition walls 8 because they will have the same shape. It is preferable if it can be extended to two spans of the partition wall 8 or more.

1 Heat storage chamber 2 Carbonization chamber 3 Combustion chamber 4 Sole flue 5 Heat storage body 6 Bellows part 7 Pillar wall 8 Partition wall 9 Gas flow path 11 Ceiling 12 Ceiling space 13 Pillar wall top 14 Ceiling contour 15 Heat storage chamber ceiling block 16 End Part 17 Upper end part 18 Gas path bending position height 31 Furnace length direction 32 Furnace length direction 33 Height direction

Claims (4)

A refractory structure of a coke oven in which a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber are arranged in the upper stage, and a regenerator is arranged in the lower stage,
The heat storage chamber is separated from other adjacent heat storage chambers by a pillar wall in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and height direction of the carbonization chamber (hereinafter referred to as the "furnace length direction"). Regarding the refractories constituting the ceiling, in the direction of the furnace head, each of the heat storage chambers is composed of a single refractory block (hereinafter referred to as the "heat storage chamber ceiling block"), and the heat storage chamber ceiling block A refractory structure for a coke oven, wherein both ends in the direction of the furnace bed length are supported by the pillar walls at both ends of the heat storage chamber in the direction of the furnace bed length. The refractory structure for a coke oven according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the heat storage chamber ceiling block facing the heat storage chamber has a planar shape. Gitter bricks are piled up in the heat storage chamber to form a heat storage body, and the distance between the surface of the heat storage chamber ceiling block facing the heat storage chamber and the upper end of the heat storage body is the surface facing the heat storage chamber. The refractory structure for a coke oven according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the refractory structure is 0.5 times or less the width in the direction of the furnace bundling length. The refractory structure for a coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the width of the heat storage chamber in the direction of the furnace bund length is 600 mm or more.

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