JP2019077811A - Refractory structure of coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a refractory structure of a coke oven, which does not cause peeling or flow-out phenomena in a mortar of a joint part if condensed water adheres to a refractory surface when drying the refractory structure of the coke oven.SOLUTION: The mortar using a binder having water resistance, preferably a hydraulic refractory mortar is used as the mortar which constitutes a joint part of a part or all of a portion using a refractory brick in refractory structure constituting a sole flue 4, a gas duct and a heat storage chamber 3. As a result, when drying the coke oven, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which the mortar constituting the joint part peels or flows out even if condensed water adheres to the sole flue 4, the gas duct and the heat storage chamber 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a coke oven refractory structure.

  In the chamber type coke oven, as shown in FIG. 6, the carbonization chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 2 are alternately arranged in the upper stage of the furnace in the upper stage, the heat storage chamber 3 is arranged in the middle stage, and the lower stage is 4 parts of sole flow. It has become. Sole Fleu 4 is also called a horizontal flue. The heat storage chamber 3 is disposed corresponding to the carbonization chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 2. In the sole flow 4 part, fuel gas sole flow and air sole flow are disposed corresponding to the respective heat storage chambers 3 and constitute spaces extending in the furnace length direction 31 respectively.

  At the stage of supplying the fuel gas and the air to the heat storage chamber, the normal temperature fuel gas flows through the fuel gas sole flow, and the normal temperature air flows through the air sole flow. At the stage of discharging the exhaust gas from the heat storage chamber, high temperature (about 300 ° C.) exhaust gas flows through the fuel gas sole flow and the air sole flow, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the sole flow 4 to the flue 5.

  The refractory structure of the coke oven is constructed by combining refractory bricks. The joint surface of the firebrick and the firebrick constitutes a joint portion filled with a fireproof mortar, and the joint portion secures the bonding strength between the firebricks. Patent Document 1 mainly shows an example of a refractory structure of a sole flow portion.

  As a refractory brick which comprises a coke oven, a silica stone brick is mainly used. Silica stone bricks have high mechanical strength in high temperature region of 1000 ° C. or higher, and low volume change in high temperature region of 1000 ° C. or higher. However, since silica stone bricks have a large volume change in the low temperature range, silica stone bricks can not be used in locations where the temperature change is severe in the low temperature range, and clay clay bricks are used in such locations (non-patent literature) 1).

  As for sole flow, as described above, since the normal temperature fuel gas / air and the high temperature exhaust gas flow alternately, the temperature change in the low temperature range is severe. Therefore, silica stone bricks can not be used, and clay clay bricks are used for the part facing sole flow. Also for the flue, clay clay bricks are used for the part facing the flue. With regard to the heat storage chamber, silica bricks are used because the upper portion of the heat storage chamber is exposed to high temperatures, but since the gas passing through the lower portion of the heat storage chamber has a lowered gas temperature, clay bricks may be used. Furthermore, while making a clay brick for the part in contact with gas for sole flow, a flue, and a part of a heat storage room, a fireproof insulation brick may be arranged for the inside of a brick structure.

  In stacking firebricks to form a coke oven refractory structure, joints are formed on the brick-brick joint surface. An air-hardening refractory mortar is used as a mortar with which a joint part is filled. Thermosetting refractory mortars consist of fine aggregate, plastic binder and chemical binder. Since a chemical binder is added, it exhibits strong adhesion at normal temperature. Sodium silicate is mainly used as a chemical binder. As fine aggregate, vermiculite powder is used for mortar filled in joints of silica stone bricks, and clayey powder is used for mortar filled in joints of clay bricks. In the mortar for joining fireproof thermal insulation bricks, clay powder is used as a fine aggregate.

  When newly constructing a chamber-type coke oven or rebuilding a refractory structure in an existing coke oven, bricks are stacked at ordinary temperature to construct a coke oven refractory structure. The constructed refractory structure is wet because of the moisture contained in the bricks and joints that make it up, and it is necessary to dry the furnace body prior to the start of the actual operation, the so-called burning. Regarding drying of the refractory structure after brick construction, as described in Patent Document 2, fuel such as COG or light oil is burned near the lower end of the carbonization chamber, and the combustion exhaust gas is burned from the carbonization chamber near the upper end of the carbonization chamber It is then introduced into the chamber, and then introduced into the heat storage chamber, sole flow, etc. in this order, and then discharged from the flue and chimney to the atmosphere to dry the refractory structure. In order to introduce the combustion exhaust gas from the carbonization chamber to the combustion chamber, drying holes are provided for introducing the combustion exhaust gas from the carbonization chamber to the combustion chamber only during the drying period.

JP, 2016-079264, A JP, 2009-249437, A

Third edition steel manual II Steelmaking and steelmaking page 179 to page 180

  When drying the refractory structure of the coke oven, as described above, using the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas obtained by burning the fuel in the carbonization chamber 1, bricks in the carbonization chamber 1, bricks in the combustion chamber 2, heat storage chamber While drying the brick of 3, the temperature of the flue gas itself decreases, and the gas flows from the sole flow 4 to the flue 5 finally. Water contained in the refractory brick itself after construction and in the joint mortar and the like flows out to sole flow 4 and flue 5 located in the lower part of the furnace body as condensed water as drying. In addition, since the temperature of the gas decreases at the stage of passing through the sole flow 4 and the flue 5, the water vapor contained in the high temperature flue gas condenses and becomes condensed water, and the refractory structure of the portion through which the gas passes Water adheres to the Then, in the sole flow 4 and the flue 5, the phenomenon that the mortar constituting the joint portion of the refractory structure peels off or flows out during drying was observed. When the mortar in the joint portion of the refractory structure peels off or flows out, the joint break weakens the refractory structure or generates a gas leak. In order to prevent gas leaks from joints, etc., the joints are filled by spraying or pouring mortar during the operation after the coke oven has been started. However, mortar spraying and pouring can be performed during operation only in a part of the sole-flow such as a portion extending in the furnace length direction, and the filling quality by mortar spraying and pouring is sufficient. In addition, construction was inefficient because it was work between operations.

  The present invention is a coke oven refractory structure in which the mortar in the joint does not peel off or flow out even when condensed water adheres to the surface of the refractory when drying the coke oven refractory structure. Intended to be provided.

That is, the place made into the summary of the present invention is as follows. In the present invention, the gas passage portion extending from the upper portion of the sole flow penetrating in the furnace length direction to the heat storage chamber is also defined as a part of the sole flow.
(1) A refractory structure of a coke oven having a plurality of refractory bricks and a joint portion on the joint surface of the refractory brick, wherein the refractory structure of the coke oven sole flow, the flue, and the heat storage chamber comprises A refractory structure for a coke oven, characterized in that a mortar using a water-resistant binder is used as a mortar that constitutes a joint of a part or all of a part using a brick.
(2) The coke according to the above (1), characterized in that the part using the mortar having the water-resistant binder is a part or all of the part using the clay brick as the refractory brick. Furnace refractory structure.
(3) Furthermore, as a mortar which constitutes a part or whole joint part of a portion using a fireproof thermal insulation brick as a refractory brick among refractory structures constituting a sole furnace of a coke oven, a flue and a heat storage chamber, A refractory structure of a coke oven according to the above (1) or (2), characterized by using a mortar using a binder having water resistance.
(4) The refractory structure of the coke oven according to any one of (1) to (3), characterized in that a hydraulic refractory mortar is used as the mortar using the water-resistant binder. .
(5) The refractory structure of the coke oven according to (4), wherein the hydraulic refractory mortar is made of clayey powder as a fine aggregate and alumina cement as a binder.

  In the present invention, a mortar using a water-resistant binder, such as a hydraulic refractory mortar, is used as a mortar constituting a joint part of a part or all of a refractory structure constituting a sole flow, a flue, and a heat storage chamber. By this, even when the coke oven is dried, it is possible to prevent exfoliation and run-out of the mortar that constitutes the joint portion, it is not necessary to carry out spraying of mortar hot during coke oven operation, etc. There is no occurrence of breakage.

It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows an example of a coke oven sole flow part refractory structure. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows an example of a coke oven sole flow part refractory structure. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows an example of a coke oven sole flow part refractory structure. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows an example of the refractory material structure of a coke oven flue part. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing brick structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a coke oven, (A) is the whole sectional view seen from the furnace length direction, (B) is a BB arrow partial cross section.

  FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of a chamber type coke oven as viewed from the furnace length direction 32, and in the upper half of the height direction 33, the right-side portion is a cross-sectional view cut at the carbonization chamber 1; The left part is a cross-sectional view cut at the combustion chamber 2 part. Of the lower half of the height direction 33, the heat storage chamber 3 is arranged in the furnace length direction 31 on the upper side, and a cross section of the sole flow 4 extending in the furnace length direction 31 is shown below the heat storage chamber 3. Both ends of the furnace direction 31 of the sole flow 4 are connected to the flue 5. The flue 5 is a structure extending in the furnace length direction 32. FIG. 6B is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat storage chamber 3 and the sole flow 4 as viewed from the furnace length direction 31. Regarding the cross-sectional hatching in FIG. 6, the brick structure part is left hatched regardless of the material of the brick, and the concrete structure part is confetti hatching.

  1 to 3 are partial cross-sectional views of the sole flow 4 and the lower portion of the heat storage chamber 3 as viewed from the furnace length direction 31. FIG. In the cross-sectional hatching of FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, cross hatching is used for the brick structure in which the silica bricks 21 are stacked, and dot hatching for the brick structure in which the clay bricks 22 are stacked, and left for the brick structure in which the fireproof thermal insulation bricks 23 are stacked. It is hatched. In all of FIGS. 1 to 3, the bricks of all or most of the surface 13 facing the in-furnace space 12 of the sole-flowle 4 are clay bricks 22 and in FIG. It is made of quality brick 22.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the portion of the flue 5 as viewed from the furnace length direction 32. Of the refractory structure of the flue 5 part, the surface 13 facing the in-furnace space of the flue 5 uses a clay brick 22, the outer periphery of which is surrounded by a fireproof insulation brick 23, and the outer part is a concrete structure 24 It has become. In the cross-sectional hatching of FIG. 4, dot hatching is applied to a brick structure in which clay bricks 22 are stacked, left hatching is applied to a brick structure in which fireproof thermal insulation bricks 23 are stacked, and confetti hatching is applied to a concrete structure 24.

  As to the brick construction near the surface 13 facing the in-furnace space 12, such as the heat storage chamber 3, sole flow 4 and flue 5, as shown in FIG. 5, the bricks 10 consisting of a plurality of refractory bricks are piled up. The joint surface 11 with the brick 10 is formed with a joint portion 11 filled with mortar.

  As described above, when constructing a new chamber furnace type coke oven, or when rebuilding a refractory structure of an existing coke oven, the refractory structure is heated to a high temperature gas after the construction of the refractory structure at normal temperature. In the case of the sole flow 4 and the flue 5, when the temperature was raised, a phenomenon was observed in which the mortar constituting the joint portion 11 of the refractory structure separated or flowed out during the temperature rise. A pneumatic mortar is used for the mortar of the joint portion 11 in the refractory structure of the coke oven. Thermosetting mortar mainly uses sodium silicate as a binder. In a mortar using sodium silicate as a binder, although hardening proceeds at a normal temperature stage after construction, the final bonding strength is obtained by sintering after the temperature rise of the coke oven. Therefore, after the construction of the refractory structure of the coke oven is completed, if the condensed water adheres to the joint portion 11 made of the air-hardening mortar during drying of the brick structure, the mortar of the joint portion 11 peels off or flows down Was found to occur.

  In the present invention, the mortar constituting the joint portion 11 for a part or all of the brick construction on or near the surface in the furnace space such as the heat storage chamber 3, sole flow 4 and the flue 5 as in the prior art The above problems have been solved by using a mortar having a water-resistant binder, for example, a hydraulic refractory mortar, instead of using an air-hardening refractory mortar. The details will be described below.

  The mortar contains fine aggregate and a binder. In the case of a mortar using a water-resistant binder as the binder, the mortar can be applied to the joint portion to prevent the phenomenon that the mortar of the joint portion 11 exfoliates or flows down. As a binder having water resistance, hydraulic cement, silane, resin, etc. can be used, for example. The fine aggregate is selected according to the material of the brick on which the mortar is to be applied. When used for the construction of clayey bricks, clayey powder is also used as fine aggregate.

  As a mortar using a binder having water resistance, a hydraulic refractory mortar can be preferably used. A hydraulic refractory mortar is a mortar in which a hydraulic cement is added as a binder and the strength is obtained by hydration thereof. Since it is a refractory mortar, alumina cement is suitably used as a hydraulic cement as a binder. The following description demonstrates the case where a hydraulic refractory mortar is used as a mortar using the binder which has water resistance.

  As described above, when drying the refractory structure of the coke oven whose construction has been completed at normal temperature, using the high temperature flue gas obtained by burning the fuel in the carbonization chamber 1, bricks of the carbonization chamber 1, combustion While drying the bricks in room 2 and the bricks in heat storage room 3, the water contained in the refractory brick itself after construction and the joint mortar etc. is located in the lower part of the furnace body as condensed water as it dries, Sole flow 4 and smoke Spill out on road 5. In addition, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas itself decreases, and finally, the gas flows from the sole flow 4 to the flue 5. Since the temperature of the gas decreases at the stage of passing through the sulfur 4 and the flue 5, the water vapor contained in the high temperature flue gas condenses to become condensed water and condenses on the refractory structure of the portion through which the gas passes. Water adheres. The temperature of the combustion exhaust gas used for drying is lowered, and condensed water is generated in the portion where the temperature of the gas fluctuates at 300 ° C. or less during operation of the coke oven, ie, the lower portion of the heat storage chamber 3, sole flow 4 , A flue 5, and is a portion where a clay brick 22 is mainly used as a brick having a brick structure. Therefore, a refractory structure using a hydraulic refractory mortar for the joint portion 11 can preferably exhibit the effect of the present invention by using a part or all of the part using the clay brick 22 as the refractory brick. it can. Since the brick is clay clay brick 22, the fine aggregate contained in the hydraulic mortar is also clay clay.

  In the refractory structure of a coke oven, a fireproof thermal insulation brick may be used as a brick. The fireproof thermal insulation brick refers to a fireproof and heat insulating brick. About the characteristic which a fireproof heat insulation brick should have, it is prescribed in JIS R 2611, for example. Further, in the present invention, a part or all of the joint portion of the portion using the refractory thermal insulation brick 23 as the refractory brick in the refractory structure constituting the sole furnace 4, the flue 5 and the heat storage chamber 3 of the coke oven is configured. It is preferable to use a mortar using a binder having water resistance, for example, a hydraulic refractory mortar as the mortar to be used. As shown in FIG. 4, in the refractory structure of the flue 5 part of the coke oven, the surface 13 facing the furnace space of the flue uses a clay brick 22 and the fireproof insulation brick 23 surrounds the outer periphery thereof. Furthermore, the outer part is a concrete structure 24. Since the concrete structure 24 does not have heat resistance, a fireproof heat insulating brick 23 is provided so that the concrete structure 24 will not be excessively heated by the heat of the gas when the high temperature gas flows in the flue 5 There is. In the case of the fireproof heat insulating brick 23 also, an air-hardening refractory mortar has conventionally been used as a mortar for the joint portion 11, but the effect can be exhibited by using a hydraulic refractory mortar. The refractory insulating brick 23 portion of the flue 5 is not directly exposed to the surface 13 facing the furnace space of the flue. However, in the case where the flue 5 is located lower than the groundwater level, the mortar intrudes the joint portion 11 of the refractory structure by water entering from the concrete structure 24 in a long-term operation and being submerged in the space in the furnace. Will come off or flow out. On the other hand, such a problem can be solved by using a hydraulic refractory mortar at the joint portion 11 of the fireproof thermal insulation brick 23. When a hydraulic refractory mortar is used for the joint portion 11 of the refractory insulating brick 23, alumina cement can be suitably used as a binder of the mortar. In addition, clay fine powder is suitably used as a fine aggregate of mortar.

  The joint portion 11 with which the condensed water comes in direct contact when drying the coke oven refractory structure is the joint portion 11 exposed to the surface 13 facing the space in the furnace. Therefore, for the joint portion 11 exposed to the surface 13 facing the space in the furnace among the joint portions 11 of the refractory structure constituting the sole flow 4, the flue 5 and the heat storage chamber 3, the mortar used is hydraulic fireproof The effect of using mortar is the largest. On the other hand, for joint portions 11 of the same refractory structure that constitutes the same sole flow 4, flue 5 and heat storage chamber 3 and which are not exposed to the surface 13 facing the space in the furnace, a pneumatic mortar is used Although it is difficult to separate the mortar types of the joint portion 11 formed by building the brick 10, it is also possible for the joint portion 11 not exposed to the surface 13 facing the space in the furnace. It is also desirable to use hydraulic refractory mortars.

  In the refractory structure shown in FIG. 1, the space portion of the sole-flow 4 and the ceiling portion use the clay brick 22 as a firebrick and use the ceiling portion of the sole-flow 4 (the bottom of the heat storage chamber 3 In other words, silica stone bricks 21 are used for the side portions of the heat storage chamber 3. As for the bottom of the sole funnel 4, the clay brick 22 is used for the surface facing the space in the furnace, and the fireproof heat insulation brick 23 is used for the back side. When applying the present invention to the refractory structure shown in FIG. 1, hydraulic refractory mortar is used for the heat storage chamber 3 located below the in-furnace space 12 portion of the sole flow 4 serving as the gas flow path Do.

  In the refractory structure shown in FIG. 2, a clay brick 22 is used as a firebrick for all the surfaces facing the sole screw 4, the bottom of the heat storage chamber 3, and the lower portion of the side wall of the heat storage chamber 3. The silica stone brick 21 is used for the side part except the lower part of the thermal storage chamber 3. When applying the present invention to the refractory structure shown in FIG. 2, hydraulic refractory mortar is used for the heat storage chamber 3 located below the in-furnace space 12 portion of the sole flow 4 serving as the gas flow path and the mounting surface of the guitar brick. Do.

  In the refractory structure shown in FIG. 3, a clay brick 22 is used as a refractory brick from the lower part of the heat storage chamber 3 to the whole sole brick 4 and a silica stone brick 21 is used as a whole except the lower part of the heat storage chamber 3. ing. When the present invention is applied to the refractory structure shown in FIG. 3, hydraulic refractory mortar is used for the heat storage chamber 3 located below the in-furnace space 12 portion of the sole flow 4 serving as the gas flow path and the mounting surface of the gitter brick. Do.

  In the refractory structure of the flue part shown in FIG. 4, a clay brick 22 is used for the surface 13 facing the space in the furnace, and a layer of the fireproof insulation brick 23 is formed on the outside. It has become. When the present invention is applied to the refractory structure shown in FIG. 4, a hydraulic refractory mortar is used for the in-furnace space 12 portion of the clay brick 22 of the flue 5 serving as the gas passage. Further, in the case where the flue 5 is located lower than the groundwater level, it is desirable to use a hydraulic refractory mortar also for the fireproof insulation brick 23.

  As described above, when the refractory structure of the coke oven is dried by the combustion exhaust gas, the combustion exhaust gas is introduced from the carbonization chamber 1 to the combustion chamber 2 only during the drying period in order to guide the combustion exhaust gas from the carbonization chamber 1 to the combustion chamber 2 Drying holes are installed. After the drying is completed, the drying holes are closed with plug bricks and then the coke oven is fired to raise the temperature of the refractory structure to the operating temperature.

  In the refractory structure that constitutes sole coke 4, flue 5 and heat storage chamber 3 of the coke oven, conventionally, an air-hardening refractory mortar is used as the mortar that constitutes joint portion 11, and as a result, drying of the refractory structure In the inside, the phenomenon that the mortar which comprises the joint part 11 of a refractory structure peels off or flows out is seen, and a joint break made the refractory structure weak or gas leak generate | occur | produced. During the operation after the coke oven started operation, although filling of the joint part 11 was carried out by spraying or pouring of mortar, mortar spraying or pouring can be carried out during operation is one of sole flow 4 Construction is limited because it is limited to a part such as the part extending in the furnace length direction, and the filling quality by spraying or pouring of mortar is not sufficient, and the construction is inefficient because it is work between operations.

  On the other hand, the present invention is applied, and as a mortar constituting the joint portion 11 of a part or all of the portion using the refractory brick among the refractory structures constituting the sole liner 4, the flue 5 and the heat storage chamber 3 By using a mortar having a water-resistant binder, for example, a hydraulic refractory mortar, the phenomenon that the mortar constituting the joint portion 11 peels off or flows out does not appear even when the coke oven is dried. Therefore, it is not necessary to carry out spraying of mortar in a hot operation between coke oven operations, and a portion which could not be conventionally sprayed (passage 6 portion from sole flow 4 to heat storage chamber 3, heat storage Also in the lower part of the room 3, the occurrence of the joint failure no longer occurs.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 carbonization chamber 2 combustion chamber 3 heat storage chamber 4 sole flow 5 flue 6 passage 10 brick 11 joint part 12 furnace space 13 surface facing furnace space 21 silica brick 22 clay brick 23 fireproof insulation brick 24 concrete structure 31 furnace Longitudinal direction 32 Reactor head direction 33 Height direction

Claims (5)

A refractory structure of a coke oven having a plurality of refractory bricks and joints in the joint surface of the refractory bricks,
A water-resistant binder was used as a mortar for forming a joint of a part or all of a portion using a refractory brick among refractory structures constituting a coke oven furnace, a flue and a heat storage chamber. A refractory structure of a coke oven characterized by using a mortar.   The coke oven refractory according to claim 1, wherein the part using a mortar having a water-resistant binder is a part or all of a part using a clay brick as a refractory brick. Construction.   Furthermore, water resistance is used as mortar which constitutes a joint part of a part or all of a portion using a fireproof thermal insulation brick as a refractory brick among refractory structures constituting a sole furnace of a coke oven, a flue and a heat storage chamber. The refractory structure of the coke oven according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a mortar using a binder is used.   A refractory refractory structure of a coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a hydraulic refractory mortar is used as the mortar using the water-resistant binder.   5. The coke oven refractory structure according to claim 4, wherein the hydraulic refractory mortar is made of clayey powder as a fine aggregate and alumina cement as a binder.

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