JP2023105854A - Light permeable decorative sheet, membrane ceiling material, indoor space, and method for producing light permeable decorative sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a light permeable decorative sheet which achieves high designability and indoor illuminance and can satisfy incombustible performance, a membrane ceiling material, an indoor space, and a method for producing a light permeable decorative sheet.SOLUTION: A light permeable decorative sheet has a light permeable base material and a pattern layer, wherein the light permeable base material has a first vinyl chloride-based resin sheet laminated on one surface side of a substrate sheet and has a second vinyl chloride-based resin sheet laminated on the other surface side thereof, the pattern layer is laminated on a surface side of the first vinyl chloride-based resin sheet in the light permeable base material, and the light permeable base material has an average value of the total light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less measured according to JIS K 7375:2008 of 34% or more.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to a light-transmitting decorative sheet, a membrane ceiling material, an indoor space, and a method for manufacturing a light-transmitting decorative sheet.

Demand for membrane ceiling materials is increasing due to the expansion of damage caused by falling ceilings in the Great East Japan Earthquake and other events. A membrane ceiling material is one form of interior ceiling material, and is used as a membrane ceiling. A membrane ceiling is an interior decoration for a ceiling that is covered with a flexible "noncombustible membrane material", that is, a membrane ceiling material. Membrane ceiling materials used for such membrane ceilings have advantages such as being lighter, more flexible, and less likely to be destroyed, that is, stronger than conventional ceiling materials. Membrane ceiling materials are required to be lightweight and have noncombustibility, and in recent years, high design properties such as wood grain patterns are also required.

In addition, there is an increasing need to decorate an indoor space that is directly or indirectly illuminated by lighting. A membrane ceiling material is suitable for such decoration needs in the vicinity of the ceiling. When installing a membrane ceiling material, it is generally installed so that the membrane ceiling material does not block the illumination so that an appropriate illuminance can be obtained in the indoor space. There is also an example of using a membrane ceiling material as a reflective material for indirect lighting, that is, an example of irradiating illumination toward the membrane ceiling material and securing the illuminance of the indoor space by diffuse reflection from the membrane ceiling material. In this case, in order to ensure the necessary illuminance, the decoration, that is, the design of the membrane ceiling material, is limited to a substantially bright plain pattern or an overall bright and pale design, resulting in poor design. In addition, as a means of imparting decorativeness to a lighting fixture, it has been known for some time to impart a design to another member such as a lamp shade or a light diffusion plate (lamp cover) made of an acrylic plate. They only decorate the vicinity of the luminaire.

As a member that can be used as a membrane ceiling material, for example, in Patent Document 1, a first smoothing layer made of a colored resin film is provided on the surface of a substrate on the glass woven cloth side having a layer made of a glass woven cloth on the surface layer. Disclosed is a decorative sheet having a decorative layer consisting of a printed layer formed by gravure printing through.
Patent Document 2 discloses a glass cloth for membrane ceilings and a membrane ceiling material using the glass cloth for membrane ceilings, the specifications of which are determined in consideration of light shielding properties, noncombustibility, workability, and the like.

JP 2014-117850 A WO2014/171188

However, since all conventional membrane ceiling materials are based on the premise of usage in which the transmitted light is not used, Patent Document 1 is said to preferably have high concealability. It is said that a higher shielding property is preferable. In other words, it is said that a conventional film ceiling material should preferably have a low light transmittance, and since the light transmittance is actually poor, it is necessary to avoid placing the film ceiling material in the vicinity of the lighting fixtures. If a conventional membrane ceiling material is installed on most of the ceiling surface including the vicinity of the lighting fixture, the light from the lighting fixture is blocked by the membrane ceiling material, so that the indoor space illuminated by the lighting fixture It becomes difficult to obtain the required indoor illuminance. As described above, it is difficult to apply a conventional membrane ceiling material to a space that includes lighting fixtures, in which decorativeness is to be imparted to the lighting portion as well. On the other hand, demand for designability in indoor spaces is increasing. A pattern layer is necessary to give design to the entire ceiling, including the part directly under the lighting fixtures. It is difficult to achieve both high light transmittance.

In addition, in order to acquire noncombustible performance in a combustion test in such a membrane ceiling material, it is necessary to satisfy the following two items.
ah. Excess time of exothermic rate 200 kW/m ² (within 10 s)
stomach. Total calorific value within 8MJ/ ^m2

From the above, the object of the present disclosure is a light-transmitting decorative sheet, a membrane ceiling material, an indoor space, and a method for manufacturing a light-transmitting decorative sheet that can achieve both high design and indoor illuminance and satisfy noncombustible performance. is to provide

The light-transmitting decorative sheet of the present disclosure is a light-transmitting decorative sheet having a light-transmitting base material and a pattern layer. A second vinyl chloride resin sheet is laminated on the other surface side of the sheet, a pattern layer is laminated on the surface side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet in the light transmissive substrate, and the light transmissive substrate is and JIS K 7375:2008, the average value of total light transmittance at wavelengths of 380 nm to 780 nm is 34% or more.

In the light-transmitting decorative sheet, the light-transmitting decorative sheet may have an average value of 30% or more of total light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less, measured according to JIS K 7375:2008.

The light-transmitting decorative sheet may have a time exceeding 200 kW/m ² of 10 seconds or less and a total heat value of 8 MJ/m ² or less in a heat generation test according to ISO 5660-1.

In the light-transmitting decorative sheet, the pattern layer may contain an acrylic resin.

In the light-transmitting decorative sheet, the image definition (image clarity) defined in JIS K 7374:2007 on the surface of the light-transmitting decorative sheet facing the pattern layer may be 0.3 or less.

The membrane ceiling material of the present disclosure is a membrane ceiling material including the light-transmitting decorative sheet.

The indoor space of the present disclosure is an indoor space in which the above membrane ceiling material and lighting are installed, and the indoor space in which the membrane ceiling material is installed so as to block the path through which the light from the lighting directly illuminates the floor surface. .

A method for manufacturing a light-transmitting decorative sheet of the present disclosure is a method for manufacturing a light-transmitting decorative sheet having a first vinyl chloride resin sheet, a base sheet, a second vinyl chloride resin sheet, and a pattern layer. , a step of preparing a first vinyl chloride resin sheet and a second vinyl chloride resin sheet, a step of preparing a base sheet having a layer containing glass fibers, impregnating both sides of the base sheet with an adhesive, a step of forming a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer; A first vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step of laminating layers via a layer, and a second adhesive so that the other surface side of the base sheet and one surface side of the second vinyl chloride resin sheet face each other. A second vinyl chloride resin sheet laminating step of laminating layers through a layer, and a pattern layer laminating step of laminating a pattern layer on the other surface side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet. When the portion of the sheet from the other side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet to the other side of the second vinyl chloride resin sheet is a light-transmitting base material, the light-transmitting base material conforms to JIS K 7375. A method for producing a light-transmitting decorative sheet having an average value of total light transmittance of 34% or more at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less measured in accordance with ISO 2008.

In the method for manufacturing a light-transmitting decorative sheet, the pattern layer lamination step may be a step performed after the first vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step. .

In the method for manufacturing a light-transmitting decorative sheet, the pattern layer lamination step may be a step performed before the first vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step.

According to the present disclosure, there are provided a light-transmitting decorative sheet, a membrane ceiling material, an indoor space, and a method for manufacturing a light-transmitting decorative sheet that can achieve both high designability and indoor illuminance and satisfy noncombustible performance. be able to.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of the layer structure of the light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the embodiment of the present disclosure; A cross-sectional view showing an outline of a layer structure in a modified form of the light-transmitting decorative sheet of the embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of the layer structure of the light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the embodiment of the present disclosure; Diagram for explaining the indoor space of the present disclosure FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of a layer structure for explaining a first method for manufacturing a light-transmitting decorative sheet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of a layer structure for explaining a second method for manufacturing a light-transmitting decorative sheet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Hereinafter, the light-transmitting decorative sheet, the membrane ceiling material, the indoor space, and the method for manufacturing the light-transmitting decorative sheet will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In the following description, specific numerical values, shapes, materials, etc. are shown and described, but these can be changed as appropriate.
In this specification, terms such as plate, sheet, and film are used, and as a general usage, they are used in the order of thickness, plate, sheet, and film. I use it in my book as well. Plates, sheets, films, etc. may be used to form the layers. However, such proper use has no technical meaning, so even if these words are appropriately replaced, the essence of the present disclosure and the interpretation of the scope of claims remain unchanged. In the present disclosure, the term "sheet" is used in a broad sense to include so-called plates, sheets, and thick forms commonly referred to as films.

Further, the term "surface" refers to a surface that coincides with the planar direction of the target sheet-like member when the target sheet-like member is viewed as a whole and from a broad perspective. The normal direction used for a sheet-like member refers to the normal direction to the surface of the member. Terms such as "parallel" and "perpendicular" and length and angle values used herein to specify shapes and geometric conditions and their degrees are not bound by a strict meaning. , to include the extent to which similar functions can be expected.
In addition, although the terms "front" and "back" are used in this specification, there is no technical meaning to distinguish between the front and back. . In the present specification, the decorative sheet is described as the front side, which is the normal observation side when the decorative sheet is used, and the back side, which is the opposite side.

Furthermore, in this specification, when multiple upper limit candidates and multiple lower limit candidates are given for a parameter, the numerical range of the parameter is any one upper limit candidate and any one It may be configured by combining the lower limit value candidates. For example, "Parameter B is, for example, A1 or more, may be A2 or more, or may be A3 or more. Parameter B may be, for example, A4 or less, may be A5 or less, or A6 or less. There may be.” In this case, the numerical range of the parameter B may be A1 or more and A4 or less, A1 or more and A5 or less, A1 or more and A6 or less, or A2 or more and A4 or less, It may be A2 or more and A5 or less, A2 or more and A6 or less, A3 or more and A4 or less, A3 or more and A5 or less, or A3 or more and A6 or less.

[Light-transmitting decorative sheet]
(embodiment)
An embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIG. Each figure shown below is a schematic illustration, and the size, shape, decoration, etc. of each part are appropriately exaggerated or simplified for easy understanding. Configurations that are not directly related to the description are omitted as appropriate. In addition, in each figure below, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same parts, and some detailed explanations may be omitted.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view showing an outline of the layer structure of a light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 has a base sheet 10 with a first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 on one side, a second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 on the other side, and adhesive layers (second 1 adhesive layer 31 and a second adhesive layer 32), and the pattern layer 22 is formed on the side opposite to the side of the base sheet 10 of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21. A laminated base sheet 10 has a layer 11 comprising glass fibers.
In addition, when one of the following forms (1) or (2) is adopted as the film formation form of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12, these first It is possible to directly laminate the base sheet 10, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 without interposing the adhesive layer 31 and the second adhesive layer 32. (not shown).
(1) After applying a coating film of a liquid composition such as a solution, sol, or emulsion containing a vinyl chloride resin on the base sheet 10, the coating film is subjected to drying of a diluted solvent, gelling, polymerization, or cross-linking reaction. by solidifying to form the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21, the base sheet 10, and the second vinyl chloride resin A film-forming form in which a laminate in which the sheets 12 are laminated in this order is obtained.
(2) Place the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 on one side of the base sheet 10 and place the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 on the other side of the base sheet 10, and then , these three layers are heated and pressed from both sides of the one surface and the other surface to soften or melt the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 on the base sheet 10 side. By causing the neighboring region to penetrate into the glass fibers in the vicinity of the surface of the base sheet 10 and entangling the glass fibers with the vinyl chloride resin, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21, the base sheet 10, and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 are formed. A film-forming form in which a laminate in which the resin sheets 12 are laminated in this order is obtained.

That is, the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes, in order from the bottom in FIG. The base sheet 10), the first adhesive layer 31, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21, and the pattern layer 22 are laminated in this order. and the second adhesive layer 32 are not essential components.
In the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1, the portion from the surface of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 on the pattern layer 22 side to the surface of the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 opposite to the base sheet 10 is exposed to light. Sometimes referred to as a transparent substrate 40 . That is, the light-transmitting substrate 40 includes, in order from the bottom in FIG. The adhesive layer 31 and the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 are laminated in this order. Not a required configuration.
In other words, the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 has a light-transmitting base material 40 and a pattern layer 22, and the light-transmitting base material 40 is coated on one side of the base sheet 10 with the first vinyl chloride film. The second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 is laminated on the other surface side of the resin sheet 21, and the pattern layer 22 is laminated on the surface side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 in the light transmissive base material 40. ing.
Further arbitrary layers may be provided at arbitrary positions between the respective layers as long as the order of lamination is not disturbed and the effects of the present disclosure are not significantly impaired. For example, an acrylic layer may be provided between the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and the pattern layer 22 .

<Base sheet>
Hereinafter, each configuration in the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 of the present disclosure will be described in detail.
In the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 of the present disclosure, the base sheet 10 has a layer 11 that is transparent to visible light and contains glass fibers. The layer 11 containing glass fibers contains sheet-like glass fibers such as woven glass cloth or non-woven glass cloth. Therefore, the base sheet 10 is excellent in nonflammable performance and flameproof performance in addition to transparency. The light transmittance of the base sheet 10 will be described later.
The thickness of the base sheet 10 is usually from 10 μm to 150 μm, preferably from 25 μm to 100 μm. An appropriate thickness may be selected in consideration of the thickness, strength, mass, etc., when the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 is formed. An example is 50 μm.

The glass fiber is obtained by melting glass, preferably alkali-free glass such as quartz glass, and pulling it into a fibrous form.
As the glass fiber, it is preferable to use one whose surface is treated with a silane compound. As the silane compound as the surface treatment agent, a coupling agent or polysiloxane comprising a polymer thereof can be used. Specific examples of such silane-based coupling agents include aminosilanes such as γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, vinylsilanes such as vinyltriethoxysilane, and (meth)acrylsilanes such as γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. and epoxysilanes such as γ-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane. The method of surface-treating the glass fiber can be carried out, for example, by applying a solution containing a silane compound to the surface of the glass fiber and drying it. The amount of the silane compound adhered is usually about 0.05 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the glass fiber. Here, "(meth)acryl" means "acryl or methacryl". The same applies to the following.

The layer 11 containing glass fibers is preferably a layer containing woven glass cloth. The woven glass fabric is woven from warp and weft yarns using bundles of glass fibers as yarns. Two or more glass fiber bundles may be pre-plied prior to weaving. It is preferably formed by plain weaving so that the warp weave density is 20 to 75 / 25 mm and the weft weave density is 20 to 75 / 25 mm. 32 lines/25 mm. This is because glass woven fabric has high non-combustibility, can be easily obtained as a sheet-like glass fiber, and is superior in tensile strength to glass nonwoven fabric.

The layer 11 containing glass fibers may be a layer containing non-woven glass fabric. Glass non-woven fabric is manufactured by a wet method, for example, by dispersing glass fibers in water and making paper using a paper machine, and binding the glass fibers together using a binder such as acrylic resin, vinyl acetate resin, or epoxy resin. be. Glass nonwoven fabric has high noncombustibility, can be easily obtained as a sheet-like glass fiber, and is less expensive than glass woven fabric.

<First vinyl chloride resin sheet>
In the light transmissive decorative sheet 1 according to the embodiment, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 is transparent to visible light. As long as the transmittance of the light-transmissive substrate 40, which will be described later, is ensured, it may be colorless and transparent or colored and transparent.

The first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 is preferably a film containing vinyl chloride resin as a main component. Such a first vinyl chloride-based resin sheet 21 can be obtained by supplying a compound containing vinyl chloride resin powder to various processing machines at the time of production, and processing and molding the compound. This is because vinyl chloride-based resins are excellent in nonflammability and flame retardancy, and the surface hardness and elongation (rigidity) can be easily adjusted by adjusting the amount of plasticizer added.

In addition, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 according to the present disclosure is preferably soft, and specifically, the plasticizer content is preferably 40 parts by mass or more. However, as a manufacturing method, the pattern layer 22 is first formed on one side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21, and then the base sheet 10 is formed on the other side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21. In the case of lamination (second manufacturing method described later), the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 is preferably semi-rigid, and specifically, the plasticizer content is preferably 30 parts by mass or less. When the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 is soft, when forming the pattern layer 22 on the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 before lamination, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 is This is because handling and tension control are difficult.

The thickness of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 is usually 25 μm or more and 300 μm or less, preferably 100 μm or more and 200 μm or less. Appropriate thickness may be selected in consideration of applicability to printing, mass, thickness and flexibility when formed as the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1, and is 150 μm as an example.

<Second vinyl chloride resin sheet>
The second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 is laminated on the base sheet 10 on the side (the other side) opposite to the side (one side) on which the pattern layer 22 is laminated. be. Like the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21, the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 is a film that is mainly composed of vinyl chloride resin and is transparent to visible light. As long as the transmittance is ensured, it may be colorless and transparent or colored and transparent.

Such a second vinyl chloride-based resin sheet 12 can be obtained by supplying a compound containing vinyl chloride resin powder to various processing machines at the time of production, and processing and molding the compound. The thickness of the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 is usually 25 μm or more and 300 μm or less, preferably 100 μm or more and 200 μm or less. An appropriate thickness may be selected in consideration of the mass and suppleness of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1, and is 150 μm, for example.

The vinyl chloride-based resin, which is the main component of the first vinyl chloride-based resin sheet 21 and the second vinyl chloride-based resin sheet 12, is a general term that means any of the following forms of resin.
(1) A homopolymer of a vinyl chloride monomer, ie polyvinyl chloride in a narrow sense.
(2) chlorinated polyvinyl chloride;
(3) A vinyl chloride copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer with another monomer copolymerizable with the vinyl chloride monomer, where the other monomer is, for example, vinyl acetate, ethylene, vinylidene chloride, vinyl fluoride, acrylonitrile, styrene, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and the like.
(4) A mixture of two or three of the polyvinyl chloride of (1), the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride of (2), and the vinyl chloride copolymer of (3).
(5) Any one or more of the polyvinyl chloride (1), the chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (2), and the vinyl chloride copolymer (3), or the mixture of (4) , and mixtures with other resins. Examples of other resins include acrylic resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, and the like.

If necessary, various additives are added to the various vinyl chloride resins listed in (1) to (5) above. Examples of such additives include plasticizers, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers (radical scavengers, etc.), ultraviolet absorbers (UVA), surfactants, fillers, antistatic agents, and the like.
Among these additives, plasticizers include, for example, phthalate plasticizers such as dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate (abbreviated as DOP) and diisononyl phthalate (abbreviated as DINP), and adipic ester plasticizers such as dioctyl adipate and diisononyl adipate. phosphate ester plasticizers such as triphenyl phosphate and tricresyl phosphate; is mentioned.
Light stabilizers include, for example, hindered amine radical scavengers, specifically bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl -4-piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate and the like.

<Pattern layer>
The pattern layer 22 according to the embodiment is provided on the side opposite to the side of the base sheet 10 of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 .
The pattern layer 22 according to the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 of the present disclosure has an image definition defined in JIS K 7374: 2007 on its surface (particularly, with respect to reflected light, it is sometimes referred to as "image clarity". It is preferable that the image sharpness (image clarity) is 0.3 or less. In that case, the arithmetic mean height Sa defined by the surface roughness (ISO 25178) of the surface of the pattern layer 22 is preferably 10 μm or more. Each reason will be described later.

The pattern of the pattern layer 22 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include wood grain patterns, stone grain patterns, texture patterns, leather patterns, geometric patterns, characters, symbols, line drawings, various abstract patterns, monochromatic solid patterns, monochromatic gradations, and the like. can be mentioned.
In addition, the pattern layer 22 is a layer of a resin composition (that is, ink) containing a coloring agent, which is formed by plate printing such as gravure printing, (lithographic) offset printing, flexographic printing, and silk screen printing, or by inkjet printing. Various printing methods such as electrophotography, electrostatic printing, and plateless printing such as transfer printing, forming a desired pattern by drawing by hand, etc., or thin films of metals such as gold, silver, copper, and aluminum by vacuum deposition , a sputtering method, a plating method, or the like to form a desired pattern.

The pattern layer 22 is preferably a layer provided with an ink containing an ultraviolet curable acrylic resin. A preferred typical example is the case where the pattern layer 22 is formed by an inkjet printing method. As will be described later, it is preferable to form the pattern layer 22 by an inkjet printing method in order to keep the image definition on the surface of the pattern layer 22 of the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 low (0.3 or less).
Moreover, the pattern layer 22 includes a pattern layer and a protective layer, and the pattern layer 22 is preferably a layer in which a protective layer is provided on the pattern layer provided by ink containing an acrylic resin. A preferred typical example is the case where the pattern layer 22 is formed by a gravure printing method.

First, a preferred example in which the pattern layer 22 is a layer provided with an ink containing an ultraviolet curable acrylic resin, typically an example in which the pattern layer 22 is provided by an inkjet printing method will be described. In this case, the following effects can be obtained. Since there is no need to apply heat during curing (drying), there is less heat damage to the printed material and the curing (drying) time is short. In addition, solvent-based inks are generally highly glossy, but UV-curable inks can be adjusted according to preference, from low gloss, which is preferred for membrane ceiling materials, to high gloss similar to solvent-based inks. It is possible.
Further, as described above, the inkjet printing method can obtain a decorative sheet having a high degree of designability through multi-color and high-definition printing. In addition, since there is no need to create a plate cylinder for printing, setup time is short and highly flexible printing is possible. , can be suitably applied.

A photopolymerization type ink is generally used as the ink containing an ultraviolet curable acrylic resin that is used when the pattern layer 22 is printed by an inkjet printing method. , organic or inorganic pigments, and the like. As other components, if necessary, a sensitizer for promoting the initiation reaction of the photopolymerization initiator, a dispersant, a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant, an antiseptic, an antifoaming agent, a penetrant, a flame retardant, etc. Additives may be added.
The pattern layer 22 preferably contains Pigment Yellow 150 and Pigment Red 122 as pigments. This is because it is excellent in weather resistance and color development, and can be suitably used for printing wood grain patterns.

In such an ultraviolet curable ink, radicals are generated from the photopolymerization initiator by ultraviolet irradiation, and attack and activate reactive monomers and oligomers. After that, the activated reactive monomers and oligomers are reacted with each other to be polymerized, and thereby fixed to the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 (or the acrylic layer 25 to be described later). Therefore, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 (or the acrylic layer 25), which hardly absorbs moisture, can be reliably fixed. Printing on acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) is also possible.
Further, the resin used is preferably an acrylic resin. Monofunctional acrylates and bifunctional acrylates are preferably used as photopolymerizable monomers containing acrylic resins. Since the pattern layer 22 contains an acrylic resin, the affinity between the pattern layer 22 and the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 (or the acrylic layer 25) containing a vinyl chloride resin is increased, and the adhesion between the two is improved. for it can be raised.

Monofunctional acrylates include caprolactone acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, isomyristyl acrylate, isostearyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl-diglycol diacrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl acrylate, and 2-acryloyloxyethylhexahydrophthalic acid. , neopentyl glycol acrylic acid benzoate, isoamyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, butoxyethyl acrylate, ethoxy-diethylene glycol acrylate, methoxy-triethylene glycol acrylate, methoxy-polyethylene glycol acrylate, methoxydipropylene glycol acrylate, phenoxyethyl Acrylate, phenoxy-polyethylene glycol acrylate, nonylphenol ethylene oxide adduct acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl acrylate, 2-acryloyl roxyethyl-succinic acid, 2-acryloyloxyethyl-phthalic acid, 2-acryloyloxyethyl-2-hydroxyethyl-phthalic acid, isobornyl acrylate and the like.

Bifunctional acrylates include neopentylglycol hydroxypivalate, alkoxylated hexanediol diacrylate, polytetramethylene glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane benzoate acrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, and tetraethylene. glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol (200) diacrylate, polyethylene glycol (400) diacrylate, polyethylene glycol (600) diacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate acrylates, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, dimethylol-tricyclodecane diacrylate, bisphenol A diacrylate, dipropylene glycol acrylate, and the like.

Examples of photopolymerizable oligomers include urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, epoxy acrylate, silicon acrylate, polybutadiene acrylate, and the like, which can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

As the initiator, it is preferable to use a phosphorus-based photopolymerization initiator. In addition, benzoin, benzophenone, etc. can also be used.
As the reactive diluent, it is preferable to use ultraviolet curable urethane acrylate.
In the case of polymer ink, the acrylic layer 25, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene ( ABS) and other plastic materials as well as other organic polymers.

Next, a preferred example in which the pattern layer 22 includes a pattern layer and a protective layer, and the pattern layer 22 is a layer in which a protective layer is provided on the pattern layer provided by an ink containing an acrylic resin, typically , an example in which the pattern layer 22 is provided by the gravure printing method will be described.
The ink for the pattern layer included in the pattern layer 22 can be obtained by dissolving (or dispersing) a known colorant (dye or pigment) in a solvent (or dispersion medium) together with a resin, that is, a binder resin. Examples of coloring agents include inorganic pigments, organic pigments, metal powder pigments, pearl luster pigments, fluorescent pigments, and luminous pigments. For example, inorganic pigments include carbon black, black iron oxide, titanium white, zinc white, red iron oxide, Prussian blue, yellow lead, cadmium red, etc. Organic pigments include azomethine azo black pigments, perylene black pigments, and various hues. chromatic azo pigments, lake pigments, anthraquinone pigments, quinacridone pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, isoindolinone pigments, nickel-azo complexes, dioxazine pigments, etc.; and, as pearlescent pigments, scale-like foil pieces such as titanium oxide-coated mica and bismuth oxide chloride can be mentioned. These colorants may be used alone or in combination of two or more, or may be used together with fillers such as silica, extender pigments such as organic beads, neutralizers, surfactants, and the like.

Resins (binder resins) used for the pattern layer 22 include various polyester resins, vinyl chloride resins such as vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-maleic acid copolymer, and poly(meth)acrylic. Methyl acid, polybutyl (meth)acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate-butyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, styrene-methyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, styrene-methyl (meth)acrylate-( Meth) 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylic monomers such as 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, and isobornyl acrylate, acrylic resins such as polyol compounds as main agents, and isocyanate compounds as curing agents. A two-liquid curable urethane resin, chlorinated polypropylene, or the like can also be used. The above resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. A crosslinking agent, a polymerization initiator such as a phosphorus-based photopolymerization initiator, a reactive diluent such as an ultraviolet curable urethane acrylate, or a polymerization accelerator is added to the above resin to improve the strength and durability of the coating film. Among the above resins, acrylic resins or mixtures of acrylic resins and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers are preferred. In the case of a mixture of acrylic resin and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, the mass ratio of the mixture is [mass of acrylic resin] / [mass of vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer] is 2/8 to 8. /2 is preferable from the viewpoint of printability and adhesion of the pattern layer 22 to the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and durability such as weather resistance and scratch resistance.

The protective layer included in the pattern layer 22 is a layer provided on the pattern layer and serving to protect the pattern layer. By providing the protective layer, it is possible to adjust the luster and improve nonflammability, stain resistance, weather resistance, blocking resistance, and the like.
The protective layer can be provided by lamination of a layer containing a resin, application of a coating film, or lamination of a layer containing a resin and application of a coating film. Among these, it is preferable to form the protective layer in the final unit after forming the pattern layer in the gravure printing machine for forming the pattern layer, because of good production efficiency.

Examples of resins contained in the protective layer include silicone resins, organic resin-modified silicone resins, fluorine resins, aminoalkyd resins, melamine resins, acrylic resins, and polyester resins. These resins may be water-based, emulsion-type, solvent-type or non-solvent-type.
General materials for protection include polyethylene, polypropylene (PP), ethylene-propylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, olefinic thermoplastic elastomer, etc. Olefin resins, acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate-butyl methacrylate copolymer, vinyl chloride such as polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymer Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, ethylene glycol-terephthalic acid-isophthalic acid copolymer, polyester resin such as polyester thermoplastic elastomer, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile - Butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and other styrene resins, polyisoprene, natural rubber, ethylene propylene rubber (EPR), chloroprene rubber and other rubbers, urethane resins, cellulose resins, polycarbonate resins, polyamide resins etc. Note that resins other than those exemplified above may be used.
The thickness of the protective layer may be appropriately selected depending on the application, required performance, etc., but is usually 0.5 μm or more and 100 μm or less.

In the case of coating of a coating film, for example, known thermosetting resins (one-component curing type or two-component curing type) such as thermosetting urethane resin, thermosetting polyester resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, etc. , Known ionizing radiation curable resins such as acrylates, epoxies, and unsaturated polyesters that crosslink or polymerize by irradiation with ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams, water-based acrylic resins, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers It can be appropriately selected from coalescence, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, chlorinated polypropylene resin, and chlorinated polyethylene resin. The thickness of the coating film can be usually 0.5 μm or more and 10 μm or less (film thickness after curing).

The pattern layer 22 preferably has high visible light transmittance (hereinafter also referred to as visible light transmittance). This is because the transparent decorative sheet 1 can easily have a high visible light transmittance. The visible light transmittance of the pattern layer 22 can be increased by using an ink having a high visible light transmittance, such as light colored ink, or by reducing the amount of ink applied. can.

<Second adhesive layer>
The second adhesive layer 32 is a layer provided between the base sheet 10 having the layer 11 containing glass fibers and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 for bonding the two. The second adhesive layer 32 contains an adhesive, and its composition is vinyl chloride resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, polyolefin copolymer resin, acrylic resin, urethane. resins, polyester resins, polyethylene resins, and the like, among which vinyl chloride resins are preferred. The second adhesive layer 32 is preferably formed by laminating the glass fiber-containing layer 11 and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 with the second adhesive layer 32 interposed therebetween by thermocompression bonding.
Second adhesive layer 32 is preferably transparent to visible light. As long as the transmittance of the light transmissive base material 40 is ensured, it may be colorless and transparent or colored and transparent.

Also, as described above, the second adhesive layer 32 is not an essential component in the present disclosure. For example, the surface of the base sheet 10 opposite to the surface on which the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 is laminated is coated with a colored vinyl chloride resin liquid composition and the liquid composition is solidified. When the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 is formed by the second adhesive layer 32, the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 is directly formed on the base sheet 10 without the interposition of the second adhesive layer 32. In this embodiment, the solidified layer of the liquid composition can be considered to serve as both the second adhesive layer 32 and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 .
In addition, the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 formed separately by coating the second adhesive layer 32 containing the colored vinyl chloride resin composition in the same color as the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 is formed. and the second adhesive layer 32 are laminated by thermocompression bonding, in the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1, both the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 and the second adhesive layer 32 Although layers are present, both layers (12 and 32) may not be identifiable as different layers.

<First adhesive layer>
In the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 according to the first embodiment, the first adhesive layer 31 is provided between the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and the base sheet 10 having the layer 11 containing glass fibers. It is a layer for adhering both provided. The first adhesive layer 31 contains an adhesive, the composition of which is the same as that of the second adhesive layer 32, and includes vinyl chloride resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Resins, polyolefin-based copolymer resins, acrylic resins, urethane-based resins, polyester-based resins, polyethylene-based resins, etc., can be mentioned, among which vinyl chloride-based resins are preferred. The first adhesive layer 31 is preferably formed by laminating the base sheet 10 and the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 by thermocompression bonding with the first adhesive layer 31 interposed therebetween.
The first adhesive layer 31 is preferably transparent to visible light. As long as the transmittance of the light transmissive base material 40 is ensured, it may be colorless and transparent or colored and transparent.
The first adhesive layer 31 is not an essential configuration as in the case of the second adhesive layer 32, and the solidified layer of the liquid composition is the first adhesive layer 31 and the first vinyl chloride. Even if it is a form that can be regarded as having both layers of the resin sheet 21, or both layers of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and the first adhesive layer 31 are present. Regardless, the two layers (21 and 31) may be in a form that is indistinguishable as different layers.

<Acrylic layer>
As described above, the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 of the present disclosure may include the acrylic layer 25 between the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and the pattern layer 22, as shown in FIG. As described above, in a preferred example, the pattern layer 22 is printed by an inkjet printing method using an ink containing an ultraviolet curable acrylic resin. In another preferred example described above, the pattern layer 22 is formed by gravure printing using an ink containing an acrylic resin, and a protective layer is provided on the pattern layer. In any of the above preferred embodiments, ink containing an acrylic resin is printed on the side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 opposite to the base sheet 10 . Therefore, by providing an acrylic layer 25 on one surface of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and then printing an ink containing an acrylic resin on the acrylic layer 25, the adhesion between the acrylic layer 25 and the pattern layer 22 is enhanced. It is possible and preferable.
That is, the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 in the form including the acrylic layer 25 consists of the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12, the second adhesive layer 32, and the glass fiber-containing layer 11 ( A base sheet 10), a first adhesive layer 31, a first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21, an acrylic layer 25, and a pattern layer 22 are laminated in this order. The first adhesive layer 31 and the second adhesive layer 32 are not essential components even in the form provided with the acrylic layer 25 .

The acrylic layer 25 is a layer containing acrylic resin and vinyl chloride resin, and is usually formed by printing or coating, preferably by gravure printing.
Examples of acrylic resins include acrylic resins obtained by polymerizing acrylic acid (including methacrylic acid) and derivatives thereof such as acrylamide and acrylonitrile, other acrylic acid esters, and other monomers such as ethylene and styrene. and copolymer resins.
Specifically, polymethyl (meth)acrylate, polyethyl (meth)acrylate, polybutyl (meth)acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate-butyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, ethylene-(meth) ) homopolymers or copolymers containing (meth)acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate copolymers and styrene-methyl (meth)acrylate copolymers. In addition, (meth)acryl means acryl and methacryl.

Acrylic layer 25 is preferably transparent to visible light. Since the acrylic resin used for the acrylic layer 25 is usually transparent, the acrylic layer 25 can be easily applied to the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 .
Also, the thickness of the acrylic layer 25 is preferably 1 μm or more and 5 μm or less. If the thickness is less than 1 μm, it becomes difficult to form the acrylic layer 25 uniformly by gravure printing. Because it will be stored away.

With the form having the acrylic layer 25, the adhesion between the ink containing the acrylic resin for the pattern layer 22 and the acrylic layer 25 containing the acrylic resin and the vinyl chloride resin can be improved. Moreover, the durability and reliability of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 can be enhanced.
The reason why it is preferable to form the acrylic layer 25 by the gravure printing method is that the acrylic layer 25 has a solid pattern, and the acrylic layer 25 is a common and general-purpose layer regardless of the pattern associated with the pattern layer 22. , can share the plate cylinder. In other words, once a plate cylinder is made, it can be used in common regardless of the product type as long as the printing width is the same. If so, even if the product type is different, it is possible to print at once and make it in advance, so the process load is not so high. Furthermore, since only one unit is used in the gravure printing machine, even if the plate cylinder needs to be replaced when the type is changed, the load is not so high. That is, the applicability of the gravure printing method is not bad in forming the acrylic layer 25 .

<Total light transmittance>
As described above, in the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1, from the surface of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 on the side of the pattern layer 22 to the surface of the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 opposite to the base sheet 10. is sometimes referred to as a light transmissive substrate 40 . In the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1, the light-transmitting base material 40 has an average value of total light transmittance of 34% or more at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less measured according to JIS K 7375:2008. In order to measure the total light transmittance of the light-transmitting base material 40 from the state of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1, the pattern layer 22 of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 is wiped off with methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) or the like. can be measured by using only the light transmissive substrate 40 portion.
Since the total light transmittance in the visible light region of the light-transmitting base material 40 is high, the total light transmittance in the visible light region of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 is increased, that is, the visible light transmittance is increased. It becomes easy to obtain the following effects.

The light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 preferably has high visible light transmittance. Specifically, the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 preferably has an average value of 30% or more of total light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less, measured according to JIS K 7375:2008. As described above, the light transmissive substrate 40 has a high visible light transmittance. Further, as described above, by increasing the visible light transmittance of the pattern layer 22, the visible light transmittance of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 as a whole can be increased.
When such a light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 is used as a membrane ceiling material for a membrane ceiling, the required indoor illuminance can be obtained even when installed near lighting equipment because of its high visible light transmittance. be able to. That is, the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 according to the present disclosure can achieve both high designability (decorativeness) and appropriate indoor illuminance.

The light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 according to the present disclosure preferably has an average value of 30% or more of total light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less, measured according to JIS K 7375:2008.
Here, the average value of the total light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less, that is, the average spectral transmittance (%) is obtained by changing the wavelength from 380 nm to 780 nm by 1 nm while changing each wavelength , . The spectral transmittance (%) of each wavelength is measured using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi High-Tech Science Co., Ltd. UH4150). Light of each wavelength is irradiated at 0 degree (the normal direction of the surface of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 or the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 is 0 degree), and the ratio of the total transmitted light flux to the parallel incident light flux ( That is, it is measured as a total light transmittance). A method for measuring the total light transmittance conforms to JIS K 7375:2008.

<Image clarity (image clarity)>
When glossy film is used as a membrane ceiling material in commercial facilities, external light such as lighting and sunlight, wall advertisements, etc. are reflected excessively on the decorative sheet, making the space uncomfortable and uncomfortable. In addition, there is a problem that the visibility of the design appearance of the pattern layer is lowered due to such reflection.

Image definition (image clarity) is known as an evaluation value for reflection. Here, image definition and image clarity are treated as synonymous terms. The image definition of plastic is defined in JIS K 7374:2007. There, the image sharpness of a plastic is defined as the degree to which an image of an object seen through the plastic or reflected off the surface of the plastic appears sharp and undistorted. In the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 according to the present disclosure, it is used as an evaluation value for the image of the object that appears reflected on the surface. In JIS K 7374: 2007, as a method for measuring and calculating image definition, an optical comb (comb) orthogonal to the ray axis of the reflected light from the test piece is moved, and the transmission part of the comb is on the ray axis. The amount of light (M) at the time and the amount of light (m) when there is a light shielding portion of the comb are obtained. It is defined as the ratio (%) of the difference (M−m) and the sum (M+m) of both. According to the above definition, the clearer the reflected image, the larger the value (maximum value 100), and the less clear the reflected image, the smaller the value (minimum value 0).

In the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 according to the present disclosure, the image of the object reflected on the surface of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 on the pattern layer 22 side becomes unclear. In terms of image definition, the image definition (image clarity) defined in JIS K 7374:2007 on the surface of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 on the pattern layer 22 side is 0.3 or less. By setting the image definition to 0.3 or less, illumination, external light, wall advertisements, etc. are not excessively reflected on the membrane ceiling material, and low image clarity (reflection) can be achieved.

As a method for reducing the image definition on the surface of the pattern layer 22, increasing the unevenness of the surface of the pattern layer 22 is conceivable. In order to set the image definition to 0.3 or less, it is preferable that the arithmetic mean height Sa defined by the surface roughness (ISO 25178) on the surface of the pattern layer 22 is 10 μm or more. If the arithmetic mean height Sa is 10 μm or more, the image definition can be easily made 0.3 or less. When the arithmetic mean height Sa is less than 10 μm, it becomes difficult to make the image definition 0.3 or less.

Physical processing such as embossing and sandblasting can be considered as a method of increasing the arithmetic mean height Sa to 10 μm or more, that is, increasing the unevenness of the surface of the pattern layer 22 . These methods may be applied to increase the unevenness of the surface of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 on the pattern layer 22 side. There's a problem. It would be very convenient if the unevenness of the surface of the pattern layer 22 could be increased without increasing the process load.

Various coating and lamination methods can be applied as a lamination formation method of the pattern layer 22. For example, the ink related to the pattern layer 22 is discretely applied by an inkjet printing method, the film thickness is large, and it is applied. In the case where the applied ink hardens (dries) before it spreads by leveling, the pattern layer 22 is simply laminated without going through other processes for increasing the unevenness of the surface of the pattern layer 22. The unevenness of the surface can be increased.

For that purpose, it is preferable that the film thickness of the pattern layer 22 is 5 μm or more. When the film thickness of the pattern layer 22 is large, that is, when the amount of ink applied to the pattern layer 22 is large, it is easy to increase the unevenness of the surface of the pattern layer 22 due to the presence or absence of halftone dots (ink) or the coarseness and density. That's why. If the film thickness of the pattern layer 22 is less than 5 μm, it is difficult to increase the unevenness of the surface of the pattern layer 22 .
Even if the film thickness of the pattern layer 22, i.e., the ink, is set to 5 μm or more, the pattern layer 22 is in the in-plane direction orthogonal to the thickness direction (in FIG. In the parallel in-plane direction), in a continuous film with a constant film thickness over the entire area, the degree of light diffusion (especially diffuse reflection) on the pattern layer surface is low, and it is difficult to achieve an image definition of 0.3 or less. .

Therefore, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 3, the area where the film thickness of the pattern layer 22 (ink layer) is 5 μm or more, that is, the halftone dot 22H formed by the ink layer, and the area where the film thickness of the pattern layer 22 is 0 μm or close to 0 μm, That is, the pattern layer 22 is made up of two types of areas, the blank area 22L between halftone dots. When the phrase "the thickness of the pattern layer 22 is 5 μm", it means that the average thickness of the portion of the halftone dot 22H in the pattern layer is 5 μm. Note that although the halftone dot 22H is shown as a rectangle in the enlarged illustration of FIG. 3, it is only a conceptual diagram. Because it is formed by , it has a mountain-shaped cross section.
In the drawings other than the enlarged illustration of FIG. 3, for the sake of simplification of illustration, the pattern layer 22 is illustrated as if it were a continuous body with a uniform thickness over the entire area. The pattern layer 22 is composed of an aggregate of two types of areas: halftone dots 22H and blank areas 22L between the halftone dots. The arithmetic mean height Sa is an index for evaluating the degree of unevenness on the surface of the pattern layer 22 caused by the coexistence of the two regions 22H and 22L having two different thicknesses.

As described above, from the viewpoint of image definition (image clarity) in the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1, the pattern layer 22 is preferably provided by an inkjet printing method. This is because the ink jet printing method can make the irregularities on the surface of the pattern layer 22 larger due to the presence or absence of ink droplets or the unevenness of the pattern layer 22 compared to other printing methods.

As described above, the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 of the present disclosure preferably has an image definition (image clarity) defined in JIS K 7374:2007 on the surface of the pattern layer 22 side of 0.3 or less. In this preferred embodiment, the image of the object reflected on the surface of the pattern layer 22 side becomes unclear, and as a result, the above-mentioned problem that the space becomes restless and uncomfortable due to the reflection can be greatly suppressed. can.
In the preferred embodiment, by using an inkjet printing method, the surface roughness (ISO 25178) on the surface of the pattern layer 22 can be easily calculated without additional steps such as embossing and sandblasting. Since the height Sa can be 10 μm or more, the image definition can be easily made 0.3 or less.

Furthermore, as described above, the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 according to the embodiment includes the base sheet 10 having the layer 11 containing glass fibers, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21, and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet. 12 as the main body. As described above, both the first vinyl chloride-based resin sheet 21 and the second vinyl chloride-based resin sheet 12 are films mainly composed of vinyl chloride-based resin. Excellent performance. Moreover, the layer 11 containing glass fiber is also excellent in noncombustible performance and flameproof performance. Although the pattern layer 22 is located in the outermost layer of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 , the coating amount of the pattern layer 22 is small due to the visible light transmittance of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 . In addition to these, the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 is such that both the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 covering both sides of the base sheet 10 are dense without openings. continuum layer. As a result, even if the base sheet 10 is composed of the layer 11 containing glass fibers and has minute air-permeable openings, a light-transmitting decorative sheet as a laminate containing both the vinyl chloride resin sheets 21 and 12 can be obtained. 1 has no openings (or air holes) penetrating in the thickness direction. Therefore, the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 as a whole satisfies the above non-combustible performance, that is, in a heat generation test conforming to ISO 5660-1, the time exceeding the heat generation rate of 200 kW/m ² is within 10 seconds, and the total heat generation amount is 8 MJ/m ^{2 .} within, and can be.
As described above, the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 according to the present disclosure achieves both high designability and indoor illuminance, and also satisfies nonflammability.

[Membrane ceiling material]
A membrane ceiling material 1M according to the present disclosure includes a light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 and is used as a membrane ceiling. The light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 is excellent in light-transmitting properties, has a high design property, and satisfies non-combustibility. , can be suitably used as a membrane ceiling.
The membrane ceiling material 1M according to the present disclosure has a high design property, excellent light transparency, and satisfies non-combustible performance. The light Li can be moderately transmitted through the membrane ceiling material 1M under the above conditions, so that an appropriate illuminance can be maintained for the indoor space Rm in which the membrane ceiling material 1M is installed. Moreover, since it satisfies non-combustible performance, it can be suitably used when construction is performed near the lighting Le. That is, the membrane ceiling material 1M according to the present disclosure is a membrane ceiling material 1M capable of achieving both high designability (decorativeness) and appropriate indoor illuminance and satisfying noncombustible performance.

[Indoor space]
The indoor space Rm according to the present disclosure is, as shown in FIG. This is an indoor space in which a membrane ceiling material 1M is installed so as to block it. In the indoor space Rm in which the membrane ceiling material 1M is installed in this way, the membrane ceiling material 1M is excellent in light transmission and has high designability, so that high designability (decorativeness) and appropriate indoor illuminance are compatible. It can be an indoor space Rm. In addition, since the membrane ceiling material 1M satisfies the non-combustible property, it is possible to create an indoor space in which the membrane ceiling material 1M is suitably constructed in the vicinity of the lighting Le.

[Other uses]
The light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 according to the present disclosure can also be used for applications other than the above-described membrane ceiling material and indoor spaces using this as a constituent member. For example, exhibition panels, posters, tents, store eaves tents, arcade roof materials, skylight window materials for stores and houses, shoji paper for shoji, window paste for decoration and window glass to prevent shattering. These include films, roofing materials for parking lots, parasols and beach umbrellas, flags and banners, banners, banners, vehicle hoods, temporary fences at construction sites, waterproof sheets, and the like.
Each light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the present disclosure can also be used for repairing tears in the various applications listed above and as a reinforcing material for fabrics.

[Method for producing light-transmitting decorative sheet]
(First manufacturing method)
First, an example of the first manufacturing method of the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 5, which is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of the layer structure.
First, a transparent first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and a transparent second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 are prepared.
Next, a base sheet 10 having a layer 11 containing glass fibers is prepared (FIG. 5(a)), and the base sheet 10 is soaked in an adhesive to impregnate the base sheet 10 with the adhesive, followed by drying. The adhesive that forms the first adhesive layer 31 is applied to one surface, and the adhesive that forms the second adhesive layer 32 is applied to the other surface (FIG. 5B).

Next, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and one surface side (upper surface side in FIG. 5) of the base sheet 10 are laminated via a first adhesive layer 31 so as to face each other (hereinafter referred to as Also referred to as a first vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step), the second adhesion is performed so that the other surface side of the base sheet 10 (lower surface side in FIG. 5) and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 face each other. Bond by lamination through the agent layer 32 (hereinafter also referred to as a second vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step, and the state in the middle of manufacturing laminated so far may be referred to as an intermediate base material (Fig. 5(c)). ).

Next, an acrylic layer 25 is formed by gravure printing on the side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 opposite to the side of the base sheet 10 (FIG. 5(d)). Gravure printing is preferred, but ink-jet printing may also be used. Next, the picture layer 22 is printed on the side of the acrylic layer 25 opposite to the side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 by an inkjet printing method to obtain the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 (pattern layer lamination process, FIG. 5(e)). Here, the ink used in the inkjet printing method is an ink containing an ultraviolet curable acrylic resin, and the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 after printing has a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less measured in accordance with JIS K 7375:2008. It is preferable to use a light-colored ink or a pattern using a small amount of ink so that the average value of the total light transmittance is 30% or more.

In the above description, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step are performed in the same step, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the first vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step is performed. may be performed first, and then the second vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step may be performed, or the second vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step may be performed first, and then the first vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step may be performed. good too.
Although the acrylic layer 25 is provided in the above description, the acrylic layer 25 is not an essential component in the present disclosure. When the acrylic layer 25 is not provided, the pattern layer 22 may be provided on the surface of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 opposite to the surface of the base sheet 10 by an inkjet printing method.

As described above, the light-transmissive substrate 40 in the step of laminating the acrylic layer 25 by gravure printing and the step of printing the pattern layer 22 by inkjet printing (pattern layer lamination step) is one side of the base sheet 10. The first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 is laminated on one side, and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 is laminated on the other side. Even if both the first vinyl chloride-based resin sheet 21 and the second vinyl chloride-based resin sheet 12 are soft, the intermediate base material has the base sheet 10 having the layer 11 containing glass fibers. rigidity.
Therefore, it is possible to avoid problems such as stretching of the intermediate base material or sticking to the guide roll due to heat or tension during drying when the acrylic layer 25 is gravure printed on the intermediate base material.
Similarly, in the inkjet printing in the pattern layer lamination process, it is possible to avoid problems such as the intermediate base material being stretched or sticking to the guide roll due to the tension during printing.

In addition, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 after being laminated on the layer 11 containing glass fiber has a relatively large surface unevenness due to the influence of the surface unevenness of the layer 11 containing glass fiber. 2, the pattern layer 22 is formed by an inkjet printing method. Since the inkjet printing method is a non-contact printing method, the surface of the material to be printed, that is, the surface of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21, is relatively unaffected by unevenness, and good printing is possible. It is possible to form a pattern layer 22 with high quality.
As described above, in the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 according to the first manufacturing method of the present disclosure, in both the step of laminating the acrylic layer 25 and the step of laminating the pattern layer, the intermediate base material to be printed is stretched and expanded, and the guide Sticking to the roll, wrinkles, etc. are less likely to occur, and high-quality printing is possible. Therefore, the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 according to the first manufacturing method of the present disclosure can have a high degree of designability.

In the first manufacturing method, since the pattern layer laminating step is performed by an inkjet printing method, the image definition defined in JIS K 7374: 2007 on the surface of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 on the side of the pattern layer 22 side as described above ( image clarity) of 0.3 or less. By setting the image definition to 0.3 or less, the image of the object reflected on the surface of the pattern layer 22 side becomes unclear, and as a result, the above-mentioned problem that the space becomes restless and uncomfortable due to the reflection is solved. can be greatly suppressed.
In addition, the inkjet printing method does not need to prepare a plate cylinder for printing, and can perform printing with a short set-up time and high mobility, so it is suitable for small-volume production. In addition, in the inkjet printing method, since ink containing UV-curable acrylic resin is used, the UV light source mounted on the print head instantly cures the ink after it is ejected, making it possible to apply a thick layer of ink. As a result, a wide range of color expression is possible. Moreover, since there is no need to apply heat during curing (drying), the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 is less damaged by heat, and the curing (drying) time is short. In addition, solvent-based inks are generally highly glossy, but inks containing UV-curable acrylic resins range from low gloss, which is preferred for membrane ceiling material applications, to high gloss similar to solvent-based inks. You can adjust it according to your preference.

Also in the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 obtained by the first manufacturing method, effects similar to those described in the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 according to the present disclosure can be obtained. That is, the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 according to the first manufacturing method achieves both high designability and indoor illuminance, and also satisfies nonflammability.

(Second manufacturing method)
Next, an example of a second method for manufacturing the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 6, which is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of the layer structure.
First, a transparent first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 (FIG. 6(a)) and a second transparent vinyl chloride resin sheet 12 are prepared, and one side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 ( A pattern layer 22 is printed on the upper surface side in FIG. 6) by a gravure printing method (pattern layer laminating step, FIG. 6B). In the gravure printing, it is preferable that the pattern layer is printed with an ink containing an acrylic resin, and the protective layer is also printed in the subsequent unit.

Next, a base sheet 10 having a layer 11 containing glass fibers is prepared (FIG. 6(c)), and the base sheet 10 is immersed in an adhesive to impregnate the base sheet 10 with the adhesive, followed by drying. The adhesive that forms the first adhesive layer 31 is applied to one of the surfaces, and the adhesive that forms the second adhesive layer 32 is applied to the other surface (FIG. 6(d)).

After that, the first adhesion is performed so that the side opposite to the side of the pattern layer 22 of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 faces one side of the base sheet 10 (upper side in FIG. 6). While bonding by lamination via the agent layer 31 (hereinafter also referred to as the first vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step), the other surface side (lower surface side in FIG. 6) of the base sheet 10 and the second vinyl chloride resin The second adhesive layer 32 is interposed between the sheets 12 so as to face each other by lamination (hereinafter also referred to as a second vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step) to obtain the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 (see FIG. 6 ( e)).

In the above description, the first vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step are performed in the same step, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the first vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step is performed. may be performed first, and then the second vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step may be performed, or the second vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step may be performed first, and then the first vinyl chloride resin sheet lamination step may be performed. good too.
Although the acrylic layer 25 is not provided in the above description, the acrylic layer 25 may be provided also in the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 according to the second manufacturing method. When the acrylic layer 25 is provided, before forming the pattern layer 22 on one surface side (upper surface side in FIG. 6) of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21, the acrylic layer 25 is applied by gravure printing. After that, the pattern layer 22 may be provided on the side of the acrylic layer 25 opposite to the side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 by the same method as described above.

In the second manufacturing method, before bonding the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and the glass fiber-containing layer 11 of the base sheet 10, a pattern layer is formed on the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21. 22 is gravure printed. The first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 after being laminated on the layer 11 containing glass fiber has a large surface unevenness due to the unevenness of the surface of the layer 11 containing glass fiber. is unsuitable. However, since the surface of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 before being laminated on the layer 11 containing glass fiber has high smoothness, the gravure printing method can be preferably applied. Moreover, since the thickness of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 before being laminated on the layer 11 containing the glass fiber is thin, a multicolor gravure printing method can be suitably applied. That is, in the second manufacturing method, since a multicolor and high-definition design can be formed by the gravure printing method, the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 manufactured by the manufacturing method can exhibit high designability.

However, in the second manufacturing method, an inkjet printing method may be applied instead of the gravure printing method. When the inkjet printing method is applied, as described above, the image definition (image clarity) defined in JIS K 7374: 2007 on the surface of the pattern layer 22 side of the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 is 0.3 or less. becomes easier. By setting the image definition to 0.3 or less, the image of the object reflected on the surface of the pattern layer 22 side becomes unclear, and as a result, the above-mentioned problem that the space becomes restless and uncomfortable due to the reflection is solved. can be greatly suppressed.
In addition, in the first manufacturing method, since the inkjet printing method, which is a non-contact printing method, is used, when printing on the first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 after being laminated on the layer 11 containing glass fiber, It is relatively insusceptible to the above-mentioned problem, and good printing is possible.

Also in the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 obtained by the second manufacturing method, effects similar to those described in the light-transmitting decorative sheet 1 according to the present disclosure can be obtained. That is, the light-transmissive decorative sheet 1 according to the second manufacturing method achieves both high designability and indoor illuminance, and also satisfies nonflammability.

(First embodiment)
Examples and comparative examples according to the present disclosure will be described below.
As a first example, a translucent tarpaulin (Hiraoka Textile Dyeing Co., Ltd. Clearytron ( (registered trademark) V-1000, corresponding to a light-transmitting substrate) was prepared. On one side, a wood grain pattern in bright colors is printed using an ink containing UV-curable acrylic resin, Pigment Yellow 150, and Pigment Red 122, using an EFI inkjet printer VUTEk GS5500LXr. Thus, a light-colored wood grain pattern layer (pattern layer 22) was formed to obtain a light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the first example.
The light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the first embodiment has a form corresponding to the first manufacturing method of the light-transmitting decorative sheet described above.

(Second embodiment)
As a second example, two transparent vinyl chloride resin sheets having a thickness of 150 μm and containing 60 parts by mass of DINP as a plasticizer were prepared by a calendar method (first vinyl chloride based resin sheet 21 and second vinyl chloride based resin sheet 12). Using the same printing machine as in the first embodiment, the same bright A colored grain pattern layer (pattern layer 22) was formed.

Next, a glass woven fabric (layer 11 containing glass fibers) having a warp and weft weave density of 32 threads/25 mm is impregnated with 40 g/m ² of a transparent vinyl chloride resin adhesive, and then dried. , a transparent vinyl chloride resin adhesive (the first adhesive layer 31 and the second adhesive layer 32) was applied to both surfaces of the glass woven fabric. Next, one side of the woven glass fabric and the other transparent vinyl chloride resin sheet (second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12) are bonded together with a transparent vinyl chloride resin adhesive (second adhesive layer 32). ) by thermal lamination. Next, one transparent vinyl chloride resin sheet (first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21) and the other side of the glass woven fabric are bonded with a transparent vinyl chloride resin adhesive (first adhesive layer 31). A light-transmissive decorative sheet according to the second example was obtained by adhering by thermal lamination.
The light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the second embodiment has a form corresponding to the second manufacturing method of the light-transmitting decorative sheet described above.

(Third embodiment)
As a third example, two transparent vinyl chloride resin sheets were prepared in the same manner as in the second example (first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 and second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12). On one surface of one transparent vinyl chloride resin sheet (first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21), a pattern layer and a protective layer are continuously gravure printed in the same printing process, and the first implementation is performed. A brightly colored grain pattern layer (picture layer 22) similar to that of Example and Second Example was formed (pattern layer 22).
Next, in the same manner as in the second embodiment, one side of the woven glass fabric (layer 11 containing glass fibers) and the other transparent vinyl chloride resin sheet (second vinyl chloride resin sheet 12) are bonded by heat lamination via a vinyl chloride resin transparent adhesive (second adhesive layer 32), and then one transparent vinyl chloride resin sheet (first vinyl chloride resin sheet 21) and The light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the third embodiment is obtained by bonding the glass woven fabric to the other side by thermal lamination via a vinyl chloride resin transparent adhesive (first adhesive layer 31). got
The light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the third embodiment has a form corresponding to the second manufacturing method of the light-transmitting decorative sheet described above.

(Fourth embodiment)
As a fourth embodiment, instead of the translucent tarpaulin in the first embodiment, each of the front and back surfaces of the substrate containing glass fiber is coated with translucent polyvinyl chloride to a thickness of 0.40 mm. The same bright-colored wood grain using the same printing machine as in the first embodiment, except for using a translucent tarpaulin (Hiraoka Textile Co., Ltd. Clearytron (registered trademark) V-2000-1) A pattern layer (pattern layer 22) was formed to obtain a light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the fourth example.
The light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the fourth embodiment has a form corresponding to the first manufacturing method of the light-transmitting decorative sheet described above.

(Comparative example 1)
As Comparative Example 1, instead of the translucent tarpaulin in the first embodiment, the front and back surfaces of the substrate containing glass fiber were each coated with light-shielding white polyvinyl chloride to a thickness of 0.40 mm. Using the same printing machine as in the first embodiment, except for using a light-shielding white tarpaulin (Hiraoka Textile Co., Ltd., Clearytron (registered trademark) V-2000-1 light-shielding). A wood grain pattern layer (pattern layer 22) was formed to obtain a light-transmitting decorative sheet according to Comparative Example 1.
The light-transmitting decorative sheet according to Comparative Example 1 has a form corresponding to the first manufacturing method of the light-transmitting decorative sheet described above.

(Comparative example 2)
As Comparative Example 2, instead of the translucent tarpaulin in Example 1, each of the front and back surfaces of the base material containing glass fiber was coated with semi-transparent white polyvinyl chloride to a thickness of 0.40 mm. The same bright-colored wood grain using the same printing machine as in the first embodiment, except for using a semi-transparent white tarpaulin (Hiraoka Textile Co., Ltd. Clearytron (registered trademark) D-3000) A pattern layer (pattern layer 22) was formed to obtain a light-transmitting decorative sheet according to Comparative Example 2.
The light-transmitting decorative sheet according to Comparative Example 2 has a form corresponding to the first manufacturing method of the light-transmitting decorative sheet described above.

(Comparative Example 3)
As Comparative Example 3, the pattern related to the pattern layer in the fourth embodiment was changed, and a dark-colored wood grain pattern pattern was printed to form a dark-colored wood grain pattern layer (pattern layer 22). A light-transmitting decorative sheet was thus obtained. The inkjet printer for the printing is the same as that of the fourth embodiment (first embodiment). The decorative sheet according to Comparative Example 3 has a form corresponding to the first manufacturing method of the light-transmitting decorative sheet described above.

(Evaluation 1: measurement of total light transmittance of light-transmitting decorative sheet)
For each light-transmitting decorative sheet to be evaluated, a spectrophotometer (Hitachi High-Tech Science Co., Ltd. UH4150) is used, and the total light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less is measured according to JIS K 7375: 2008 by the above method. The average value (%) of was measured.

(Evaluation 2: measurement of total light transmittance in the portion corresponding to the light-transmitting substrate)
For each light-transmitting decorative sheet to be evaluated, all of the wood grain pattern layer was wiped off with methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) to form a tarpaulin (corresponding to a light-transmitting substrate). For each tarpaulin, using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi High-Tech Science Co., Ltd. UH4150), the average value (%) of the total light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less according to JIS K 7375: 2008. It was measured.

(Evaluation 3: floor illumination measurement)
Each light-transmitting decorative sheet to be evaluated was used as a membrane ceiling material, and each was installed on a trial basis in the same indoor space where the lighting was installed so that the light from the lighting blocks the direct irradiation path to the floor surface. The illuminance (lx) on the central floor surface of the indoor space was measured.

(Evaluation 4: pyrogenicity test)
For each light-transmitting decorative sheet to be evaluated, using a cone calorimeter tester conforming to ISO 5660-1, the total calorific value (MJ/m ² ) for 20 minutes after the start of heating and As the maximum heat release rate, the time exceeding 200 kW/m ² (hereinafter also referred to as excess time) was obtained in seconds, and the evaluation criteria were as follows. Total calorific value of 7.2 MJ/m ² or less and excess time of 8 seconds or less: ◎, Total calorific value of 8 MJ/m ² or more, or excess time of 10 seconds or less: ×, None of the above ◎ or × : Yes.

Table 1 shows the results of evaluations 1 to 3 for each light-transmitting decorative sheet.

(Results of evaluation 1 and evaluation 2)
Table 1 shows the total light transmittance of the light-transmitting decorative sheet (evaluation 1) and the total light transmittance of the portion corresponding to the light-transmitting substrate (tarpaulin) (evaluation 2). For the first to third embodiments, which are a combination of a semi-transparent tarpaulin with a thickness of 0.27 mm and a pattern layer with a wood grain pattern in bright colors, the entire visible light range for the light-transmitting decorative sheet is applied. The light transmittance was 54% in all cases, and there was no difference due to the difference in the order of printing and laminating processes and the printing method. On the other hand, the total light transmittance in the visible light region for the light-transmitting decorative sheet of Example 4, which is a combination of a translucent tarpaulin with a thickness of 0.40 mm and a pattern layer with a wood grain pattern in bright colors, is 30%. Met. This difference is that the total light transmittance in the portion corresponding to the light-transmitting base material (tarpaulin) according to Evaluation 2 is 58% in all of the first to third examples, whereas the fourth example It is considered that the fact that the number of cases is 34% has a great influence.

Also in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the total light transmittance of the portion corresponding to the light-transmitting base material (tarpaulin) was 0% and 20%, respectively, and the total light transmittance of the light-transmitting decorative sheet was It is considered that the fact that they are 0% and 16%, respectively, has a great influence.
Comparing the fourth example and Comparative Example 3, the total light transmittance in the portion corresponding to the light-transmitting base material (tarpaulin) according to Evaluation 2 is all 34%, whereas the light transmittance according to Evaluation 1 is 34%. The total light transmittance of the light-transmitting decorative sheet was 30% in Example 4 and 24% in Comparative Example 3. Since the part corresponding to the light-transmitting base material (tarpaulin) is the same between the fourth example and the comparative example 3, the difference in the total light transmittance in the visible light region with respect to the pattern layer is the light-transmitting makeup according to the evaluation 1. It is believed that this greatly affected the total light transmittance of the sheet.

From the above, the total light transmittance of the light-transmitting decorative sheet is largely dependent on the total light transmittance of the portion corresponding to the light-transmitting base material (tarpaulin), and is also significantly affected by the total light transmittance of the pattern layer portion. matter was confirmed. From the above, when trying to increase the total light transmittance of the light-transmitting decorative sheet, a material having a high total light transmittance is used as the part corresponding to the light-transmitting base material (tarpaulin), and the total light transmittance of the pattern layer part is It was confirmed that it is preferable to form the pattern layer with a pattern having a high transmittance, that is, a bright color pattern.

(Evaluation 3 result)
Table 1 shows the results of measuring the illuminance (lx) on the floor surface by installing each light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the evaluation as each film ceiling material in an indoor space. Comparing the illuminance (lx) result of evaluation 3 with the total light transmittances of evaluations 1 and 2, the illuminance (lx) and the total light transmittances of evaluations 1 and 2 are approximately proportional. I understand. Regarding the illuminance (lx), since most of the light from the illumination is obtained by passing through the light-transmitting decorative sheet, there is an approximate difference between the total light transmittance of Evaluation 1 and the illuminance (lx). It is considered reasonable to have a proportional relationship.
If 500 lx, which is the standard for general illuminance in a general store, is used as a standard, in Evaluation 3, the above illuminance is obtained when the light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the fourth embodiment is installed as a membrane ceiling material. Equivalent to standards. From the evaluation results of the fourth example, in order to obtain a practical indoor illuminance, the total light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less measured in accordance with JIS K 7375: 2008 for the light transmissive substrate The average value is 34% or more, and for the light-transmitting decorative sheet, the average value of total light transmittance measured in accordance with JIS K 7375:2008 at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less is preferably 30% or more. was confirmed.

(Evaluation 4 result)
As shown in Table 1, the results of evaluation 4, which evaluates heat build-up, that is, non-combustibility performance, were all ⊚. This evaluation confirmed that the light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the present disclosure had a time exceeding 200 kW/m ² of 10 seconds or less and a total calorific value of 8 MJ/m ² or less.

Although the light-transmitting decorative sheet, the membrane ceiling material, the indoor space, and the method for manufacturing the light-transmitting decorative sheet according to the present disclosure have been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiment is an example, and in any case, what has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present disclosure and has the same effect It is included in the technical scope of the disclosure.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 light-transmitting decorative sheet 10 base sheet 11 layer containing glass fiber 12 second vinyl chloride resin sheet 21 first vinyl chloride resin sheet 22 pattern layer 25 acrylic layer 31 first adhesive layer 32 second Adhesive layer 40 Light transmissive substrate

Claims (10)

A light-transmitting decorative sheet having a light-transmitting base material and a pattern layer,
The light-transmitting base material has a first vinyl chloride resin sheet laminated on one side of the base sheet and a second vinyl chloride resin sheet laminated on the other side of the base sheet,
The pattern layer is laminated on the surface side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet in the light transmissive base material,
The light-transmitting base material is a light-transmitting decorative sheet having an average value of total light transmittance of 34% or more at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less measured in accordance with JIS K 7375:2008. 2. The light-transmitting decorative sheet according to claim 1, wherein the light-transmitting decorative sheet has an average value of total light transmittance of 30% or more at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less, measured according to JIS K 7375:2008. . 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the time over 200 kW/m ² is 10 seconds or less and the total calorific value is 8 MJ/m ² or less in an exothermic test in accordance with ISO 5660-1. light-transmitting decorative sheet. The light-transmissive decorative sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the picture layer contains an acrylic resin. 5. Any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the image definition (image clarity) defined in JIS K 7374:2007 on the surface of the light-transmitting decorative sheet facing the pattern layer is 0.3 or less. 11. The light-transmitting decorative sheet according to Item 1. A membrane ceiling material comprising the light-transmissive decorative sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5. An indoor space in which the membrane ceiling material and lighting according to claim 6 are installed,
An indoor space in which the membrane ceiling material is installed so as to block a path through which the light from the lighting illuminates the floor surface directly. A method for producing a light-transmissive decorative sheet having a first vinyl chloride resin sheet, a base sheet, a second vinyl chloride resin sheet, and a pattern layer, comprising:
a step of preparing the first vinyl chloride resin sheet and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet;
providing the base sheet having a layer comprising glass fibers;
a step of impregnating both surfaces of the base sheet with an adhesive to form a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer;
a first vinyl chloride resin sheet laminated via the first adhesive layer such that one surface of the base sheet faces one surface of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet; a lamination process;
a second vinyl chloride resin sheet laminated via the second adhesive layer such that the other surface of the base sheet faces one surface of the second vinyl chloride resin sheet; a lamination process;
a pattern layer lamination step of laminating the pattern layer on the other surface side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet,
In the light-transmitting decorative sheet, when the portion from the other side of the first vinyl chloride resin sheet to the other side of the second vinyl chloride-based resin sheet is a light-transmitting base material, the light-transmitting The transparent base material has an average value of total light transmittance of 34% or more at a wavelength of 380 nm or more and 780 nm or less measured according to JIS K 7375:2008. 9. The method for producing a light-transmitting decorative sheet according to claim 8, wherein the pattern layer laminating step is performed after the first vinyl chloride resin sheet laminating step and the second vinyl chloride resin sheet laminating step. . 9. The method for producing a light-transmitting decorative sheet according to claim 8, wherein the pattern layer laminating step is performed before the first vinyl chloride resin sheet laminating step.